WELCOME TO 1103 PERIOD 3. Homework Exercise #2 is due at the beginning of class. Please put it on the stool in the front of the classroom.

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1 WELCOME TO 1103 PERIOD 3 Homework Exercise #2 is due a he beginning of class. Please pu i on he sool in he fron of he classroom.

2 Ring of Truh: Change 1) Give examples of some energy ransformaions in he clear plasic box. 2) Give examples of some energy ransformaions involved in bicycliss riding in he Tour de France. 3) Wha is he greaes use of he bicycliss energy while compeing in he race? 4) Wha one facor made he mos difference in beering an inernaional speed record for bicycle racing? 5) During he ransformaions in he plasic box, did anyhing leak ou of he box? Did he mass of he box change? Why or why no?

3 E = M c 2 Einsein s famous equaion relaes energy and mass: Energy = Mass x c 2 c = speed of ligh = 300,000,000m/s = 3 x 10 8 m/s c 2 = (3 x 10 8 m/s) 2 = 9 x m 2 /s 2 Since c 2 is so large, i akes only a very small amoun of mass o produce a subsanial amoun of energy. The mass of he plasic box was reduced when energy leaked ou, bu he difference in mass was oo small o measure.

4 PHYSICS 1103 PERIOD 3 Wha is he difference beween speed and velociy? Wha causes changes in velociy? Wha is he relaionship beween force, mass, and acceleraion?

5 Speed: rae of change of posiion Speed = Disance raveled ime elapsed s D s = speed (in meers/second or miles/hour) D = disance (in meers or miles) = ime elapsed (in seconds or hours)

6 Speed equaion example How long does i ake o drive 187 miles a a consan speed of 65 miles per hour? To solve he speed equaion for, muliply boh sides by and cancel from he righ side. D D s or s Divide boh sides by s and cancel s from he lef side. s s D s or D 187 miles 2. 9 hours s 65 miles / hour D s

7 Speed and velociy Speed is a rae indicaing how fas an objec moves. Velociy is a rae ha specifies he speed AND he direcion of moion. Example: If you ravel 120 miles in 2 hours, your average speed is 60 miles per hour. To specify your velociy for he rip, you mus indicae he direcion of ravel as well as he speed, such as 60 miles per hour due wes.

8 Changing velociy A force is required o change he speed or direcion of moion of an objec. Wha force acs on he car o change is velociy as i rolls down he ramp? We assume he blue car rolls sraigh down he ramp. Therefore, he direcion of is velociy is sraigh ahead.

9 Acceleraion: rae of change of velociy Acceleraion = Change in velociy ime elapsed a = v final - v iniial = v f - v i a v f v i = acceleraion (in m/s 2 or mi/hr) sec = final velociy (in m/s or mi/hr) = iniial velociy (in m/s or mi/hr) = ime elapsed (in sec)

10 Acceleraion equaion example You drive a a consan speed of 40 miles per hour. You increase your speed o 60 miles per hour in 5 seconds. Wha is your average acceleraion during hese 5 seconds? a = v f - v i = 60 mi/hr 40 mi/hr = 20 mi/hr 5 sec 5 sec a = 4 mi/hr sec Solving he acceleraion equaion for v final gives he velociy in he case of consan acceleraion. v final = a + v iniial

11 Find he average acceleraion of he car Wha is he iniial velociy of he car when i is a he op of he ramp? Use a = v final - v iniial Wha is he final velociy of he car as i rolls across he able?

12 Force, mass, and acceleraion The greaer he force of he fan, he larger he acceleraion of he car. Acceleraion is direcly proporional o force. a F The greaer he mass of he car, he smaller he acceleraion of he car. Acceleraion is indirecly proporional o mass. a 1 M Combining hese proporions gives Newon s 2 nd Law a F M

13 Newon s 2 nd Law Force = mass x acceleraion F = M a F = force (in newons) M = mass (in kilograms) a = acceleraion (in m/s 2 ) Force is measured in unis of newons (N) 1 N = 1 kg x m/s 2

14 F = Ma example Find he acceleraion of a 4,000 kg ruck ha experiences a force of 20,000 N in he direcion of he acceleraion. Solve F = M a for he acceleraion, a: a = F = 20,000 N = 20,000 kg x m/s 2 = 5 m/s 2 M 4,000 kg 4,000 kg

15 BEFORE THE NEXT CLASS Read exbook chaper 4 Complee Homework Exercise 3 (Hin for homework 3: See he web sie soluions o he chaper 3 muliple choice pracice problems for a similar quesion.)

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