1. Voltage is how much work is being done for a charge. 2. Lightning is the electric breakdown of air by weak electric fields and is a flow of energy.
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1 Chapters 17 and 18 Practice Problems True or False 1. Voltage is how much work is being done for a charge. 2. Lightning is the electric breakdown of air by weak electric fields and is a flow of energy. 3. An electric field is a vector field that permeates the space around an electrical charge. 4. The electric field of a charge is what mediates the force between that charge and any other charge in the vicinity. 5. Potential energy can be defined as the maximum amount of energy possible. Answer the following: 6. What is Coulomb s law? 7. What effect does grounding have on charged particles? 8. What is an example of an insulator? 9. What is an electroscope? 10. What does it mean to be neutral? (In terms of electricity) 11. What is a capacitor? 12. What is an electric potential difference?
2 13. What way does electricity flow (negative to positive, or positive to negative)? 14. What is an elementary charge? 15. Describe how a electroscope detect an electric charge. 16. How do you measure electric field? 17. How did Millikan use an electric field to find the charge of an electron? 18. Where do charges reside on solid conductors? 19. Where do charges reside on hollow conductors? 20. What is an example of a conductor? 21. A tiny ball (mass = kg) carries a charge of 18 µc. What electric field (magnitude and direction) is needed to cause the ball to float above the ground? 22. Two charges are placed on the x axis. One charge (q 1 = +8.5 µc) is at x 1 = +3.0 cm and the other (q 2 = -21 µc) is at x 2 = +9.0 cm. Find the net electric field (magnitude and direction) at x = +6.0 cm.
3 23. Two point charges of μc and 9.00 μc are separated by a distance of 20.0cm. What is the intensity electric field E on a test particle holding a fundamental charge located midway between these two charges? 24. A point charge Q= 6.00 x 10^-9 C is placed at the origin of an x-y coordinate system. What is the electric field intensity E at a distance of x= 30 cm from this charge? (Use k = 9 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2) 25. The work done in moving a charge of 2.5 C in an electric field from point A to point B is 5.0 J. What is the potential difference between A and B? 26. What must the charge (sign and magnitude) of a 1.45g particle be for it to remain balanced against gravity when placed in a downward-directed electric field of magnitude 650N/C? 27. Consider the electric field lines shown in the diagram below. From the diagram, it is apparent that object A is and object B is. a. +, + b. -, - c. +, - d. -, + e. insufficient info 28. A +3.0 C point charge is initially stationary at a point X in a uniform electric field of strength 5.0 V m -1. It is then moved within the field 3.0 m parallel to the field and then 4.0 m perpendicular to the field lines to point Y as shown in the diagram below.
4 What is the work done by the field? 29. In the above figure, if Q 1 and Q 2 are positive and the same size, where would the electric field be zero? 30. Several electric field line patterns are shown in the diagrams below. Which of these patterns are incorrect? Explain what is wrong with all incorrect diagrams.
5 31. A voltage divider is made from a 9.0-V battery. Two resistors are connected in a series to the battery. If one resistor has a resistance of 24 Ω and the voltage drop across the other resistor must be 4.0V, what is the resistance of the second resistor? 32. A Ω resistor and a Ω resistor are connected in series with a potentiometer (a variable resistor like the dimmer switch in your dinning room) and a 9.0-V battery. What should the potentiometer be set at for a total equivalent resistance of Ω in this circuit? 33. A piece of lab equipment must be connected to a standard 6.0-V dry cell. The manual for the equipment says that this device has an internal resistance of 0.10 Ω and cannot handle more than 2.5 A of current. What value of resistor can you connect in series with this device that would allow it to be connected to the power source? 34. A soldering iron has a power rating of 100 W and draws a current of 1 A when connected to a battery. What is the potential difference across the battery? 35. Two resistors of 55.0 Ω and 35.0 Ω each are connected in parallel. A resistor of 120 Ω is connected in series with this arrangement. The combination is then placed across a series combination of two batteries of 70.0 V and 60.0 V each. What is the voltage across the resistors connected in parallel?
6 Chapter 17 and 18 Problems answer key 1) True 2) False (Strong replaces weak) 3) True 4) True 5) True 6) Coulomb's Law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point electric charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of each charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges 7) It makes it neutral 8) Plastics, Styrofoam, etc. 9) An electroscope is an early scientific instrument that is used to detect the presence and magnitude of electric charge on a body. 10) An object that has no electric charge 11) An electric circuit element used to store charge temporarily, consisting of two metallic plates separated and insulated from each other by a dielectric 12) The voltage between two points is a short name for the electrical force that would drive an electric current between those points 13) Positive to negative 14) The elementary charge, usually denoted e, is the electric charge carried by a single proton, or equivalently, the negative of the electric charge carried by a single electron 15) Electrostatic induction brings opposite electrical charges to the surface of a material and can be combined with a material to produce static electricity 16) There are tools that measure the electric field around a charged object. They are called: Electrometer or Electric field meter.
7 17) He measured the electric charge on the electron - by dropping oil drops. He shot some drops of oil into an area with a constant electric field. The drops then moved at a constant speed in the presence of this constant electric field 18) On the surface 19) Only on the outer surface 20) Copper, aluminum, etc. 21) 5 x 10^3 N/C downwards 22) 2.9 x 10^8 N/C to the right 23) 35.1 x 10^6 N/C directed towards the negative charge 24) N/C 25) 2.0 V 26) 1.02 x 10^-7 N/C 27) D 28) 45.0 J 29) E 30) C, D, and E. In C the lines are directed towards a positively charged object. In D the lines are not symmetrically positioned despite the fact that the object is a symmetrical sphere. In E the lines are directed away from the negatively charged object. 31) 19 Ω 32) 20. Ω 33) 2.3 Ω 34) 100V 35) 20. V
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