Area Wage Survey Daytona Beach, Florida, Metropolitan Area, August 1976

Transcription

1 Area Wage Survey Daytona Beach, Florida, Metropolitan Area, August 1976 Bulletin U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

2 Preface This bulletin provides results of an August 1976 survey of occupational earnings in the Daytona Beach, F lorida, Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea (Volusia County). The survey was m ade as part of the Bureau of L abor Statistics' annual area wage survey program, which is designed to yield data for individual m etropolitan areas as w ell as national and regional estim ates for all Standard M etropolitan Statistical A reas in the United States, excluding Alaska and Hawaii. A m a jor consideration in the area wage survey p rogram is the need to d escribe the level and m ovem ent of wages in a variety of labor m arkets, through the analysis of (1) the level and distribution of wages by occupation, and (2) the m ovem ent of wages by occupational categ ory and skill level. The p rogram develops inform ation that m ay be used for m any purposes, in cluding wage and salary adm inistration, collective bargaining, and assistance in determ ining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. Department of Labor to make wage d e te r minations under the Service Contract A ct of Currently, 84 areas are included in the p rogram. (See list of areas on inside back co v e r.) In each area, occupational earnings data are collected annually. Inform ation on establishment p ractices and supplem entary wage benefits is obtained every third year. Each year after all individual area wage surveys have been com pleted, two sum m ary bulletins are issued. The first brings together data for each m etropolitan area surveyed; the second presents national and regional estim ates, projected from individual m etropolitan area data. The Daytona Beach survey was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in Atlanta, G a under the general direction of J e rry G. A dam s, Assistant R egional C om m ission er for O p e r ations. The survey could not have been accom plished without the cooperation of the many firm s whose wage and salary data provided the basis for the statistical inform ation in this bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express sincere appreciation for the co o p eration received.

3 A rea W age Survey: Daytona Beach, Florida, M etropolitan A rea August 1976 Bulletin November 1976 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, Julius Shiskin, Commissioner Contents Page Page Introduction 2 Appendix A. Scope and method of s u r v e y 7 Appendix B. Occupational d escrip tion s 10 Tables: A. Earnings: A - l. W eekly earnings of office w ork ers... A -2. W eekly earnings of professional and technical w o r k e r s A -3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical w ork ers, by sex A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant w ork ers A -5. Hourly earnings of m aterial movement and custodial w ork ers A -6. A verage hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, pow erplant, m aterial m ovem ent, and custodial w ork ers, by s e x A - l. Percent in creases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment sh ifts For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C , GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover. Price 45 cents. Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents.

4 Introduction T h is a r e a is 1 of 84 in w h ich the U.S. D e p a r tm e n t of L a b o r 's B u r e a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s co n d u cts s u r v e y s of o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la te d b e n e fits. In th is a r e a, data w e r e o b tain ed b y a co m b in a tio n of p e r s o n a l v is it, m a il q u e s tio n n a ir e, an d telep h o n e in te r v ie w. R e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w e r e c o n ta c te d : M a n u fa c tu rin g ; tr a n s p o rta tio n, c o m m u n ic a tion, and o th er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a i l tra d e ; fin a n c e, in s u r a n c e, and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s. M a jo r in d u s tr y g ro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s e stu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s. E s t a b li s h m e n ts h avin g f e w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b e r of w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d b e c a u s e of in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o ccu p a tio n s stu d ied. S e p a r a te ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a c h of the b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w h ic h m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r it e r ia. A - s e r i e s ta b le s T a b le s A - 1 th ro u g h A - 6 p r o v id e e s tim a te s of s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s in o ccu p a tio n s c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y of m a n u fa c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s. O c c u p a tio n s w e r e s e le c t e d f r o m the fo llo w in g c a te g o r ie s : (a) O ffic e c l e r i c a l, (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l, (c) m a in te n a n c e, to o lr o o m, and p o w e rp la n t, and (d) m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d ia l. In the 31 la r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s, ta b le s A - l a th ro u g h A - 6 a p r o v id e s i m i l a r data fo r e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e. T a b le A - 7 p r o v id e s p e r c e n t ch an g e s in a v e r a g e h o u rly e a r n in g s of o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s, e le c tr o n ic d ata processing w o r k e r s, in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s, s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s w o r k e r s, and u n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s. W h e r e p o s s ib le, d ata a r e p r e s e n te d fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s, m a n u fa c tu r in g, and n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g. T h is ta b le p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e of w a g e tre n d s a ft e r e lim in a tio n of c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s c a u s e d b y e m p lo y m e n t s h ifts a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n ts a s w e ll a s tu r n o v e r of e s ta b lis h m e n ts in clu d ed in s u r v e y s a m p le s. F o r fu r t h e r d e ta ils, se e a p p e n d ix A. A p p e n d ix e s A p p e n d ix A d e s c r i b e s the m eth o d s and c o n c e p ts u s e d in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v id e s in fo r m a tio n on the sc o p e o f the s u r v e y. A p p e n d ix B p r o v id e s job d e s c r ip t io n s u se d b y B u r e a u fie ld e c o n o m is ts to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s b y o ccu p a tio n. 2

5 A. Earnings Table A-1. W eekly earnings of office w orkers in Daytona Beach, Fla., A ugust 1976 Occupation and industry division Number of workers A verage w eekly hours1 (standard W eekly earnings 1 (standard) Mean * M edian * M iddle range s i $ 100 S no Number of w orkers rec eiving straight-tim e weekly earning s of S 120 $ * S i s ieo % 19o S 200 S 210 i 220 $ 230 S 240 S 250 S 260 s 270 T 280 and under no C' o 24o ALL WORKERS $ $ $ $ 1 1 l ft * WnL 1 u wi v L U m a n u factu r in g _.... sw it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r- r e c e p t io n is t s l 1 t See footn otes at end o f tables Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976 O ccupation and in d u stry d iv isio n Number of workers A verage w eekly hours1 (standard) W eekly earnings 1 (standard) Mean * Median * Middle ranged s 210 and unde r S 215 S s 225 s 230 Number of w orkers receiving straight-tim e we ekly earnings of S 235 $ s s s $ % % s $ s s s S 300 % v ALL WORKERS U H A i 1 t K j y v L A j j w 11 $ $ See footn otes at end o f ta b les. 3

6 Table A -3. Average w eekly earnings of office, professional, and technical w orkers, by sex, in Daytona Beach, Fla., A ugust 1976 Sex, 3 occupation, and industry division Number of workers A verage (m ean 2 ) W eekly W eekly heurs 1 earnings 1 [standard) (standard) Sex, 3 occupation, and industry division Number of Average (m ean 2 ) W eekly W eekly hours 1 earnings 1 (standard) (standard) Sex, 3 occupation, and industry division Number o f workers Average (m ean 2 ) Weekly W eekly hours 1 earnings 1 (standard) (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN CONTINUED OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN CONTINUED t ^ 40.0 SECRETARIES. CLASS 24 C p r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l 0.0 OCCUPATIONS - MEN ts *2 $ See footn otes at end o f ta b les. Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976 O ccupation and industry d iv ision Hourly earnings 4 Number oi workers Mean 2 Median * M iddle range 2 Number of w orkers receiving straight-tim e hourly earnings of $ 1 $ S s 1 $ $ $ s I I 1 S o o under n o s s So ALL WORKERS MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR VEHICLES) $ $ $ $ i i i See footn otes at end o f tables. 4

7 T ab le A - 5. Hourly earnings of m aterial m ovem ent and custodial w orkers in D aytona Beach, Fla., August 1976 O ccupation and industry d iv ision Hourly earnings 4 Number of w orkers receiving straight-tim e hourly earnings of S s S ~S " S S *5---- S S S of Number o workers Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 and under o IQ * ».» o ALL WORKERS $ $ $ $ TRUCKORIVERS B n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g RECEIVING CLERKS m a t e r ia l HANDLING LABORERS * JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS MANUFACTURING _ n on m an u factu ring See footn otes at end o f ta b les. Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers, by sex, in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976 Sex, 3 occu p ation, and industry d iv ision Number of workers A verage (m ean 2 ) earnings4 Sex, 3 occupation, and industry division Number of workers Average (m e a n * ) hourly earnings 4 MAINTENANCE, toolroom, and POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN CONTINUED MAINTENANCE MECHANICS $ JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS $ MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN See footnotes at end of tables. 5

8 Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts, in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1975 to August 1976 Industry and occu p ation al group (men and women com bined ) August 1975 to August 1976 A ll industries: * E lectronic data processing _ * * 10.6 * Data do not m eet publication criteria. Footnotes to these weekaiydho0uurrss reflect the workweek for '"''ich em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtim e at regular and/or prem ium rates ), and the earnings correspond a, h I1fT ^e, m ea'\ is Cr. PUt fo r * ac.h jo b b 3Ltota1" the earn in g! f a ll w o rk e rs and dividing by the num ber o f w o rk e rs. The m edian d esign ates p osition half o f the e m p loyees surveyed re c e iv e m ore haif r e c e d e less than the rate shown The noddle range defined by 2 rates of ^ a y ; a fourth of the w orkers earn less than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn m ore than the higher rate. Earnings data rela te only to w o rk e rs w hose sex id en tifica tion was p rovid ed by the establishm ent. Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 6

9 Appendix A A rea wage and related benefits data are obtained by personal visits of Bureau field representatives at 3-year intervals. 1 In each of the intervening years, inform ation on em ploym ent and occupational earnings is c o l lected by a combination of personal visit, m ail questionnaire, and telephone interview from establishments participating in the previous survey. In each of the areas currently surveyed, data are obtained from representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: M anufacturing; transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices. M ajor industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having few er than a p rescrib ed num ber of w orkers are omitted because of insufficient em p loyment in the occupations studied. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which m eet publication criteria. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis. The sampling procedures involve detailed stratification of all establishments within the scope of an individual area survey by industry and number of em ployees. F rom this stratified universe a probability sample is selected, with each establishment having a predeterm ined chance of selection. To obtain optimum accu racy at minim um cost, a greater proportion of large than sm all establishments is selected. When data are com bined, each establishment is weighted according to its probability of selection, so that unbiased estim ates are generated. F or exam ple, if one out of four establishments is selected, it is given a weight of four to represent itself plus three others. An alternate of the same original probability is chosen in the same industry-size c la s s i fication if data are not available from the original sample m em ber. If no suitable substitute is available, additional weight is assigned to a sample m em ber that is sim ilar to the m issing unit. Occupations and earnings Occupations selected for study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (1) Office clerica l; (2) professional and technical; (3) maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant; and (4) m aterial m ovem ent and custodial. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. O ccu pations selected for study are listed and described in appendix B. Unless otherwise indicated, the earnings data following the job titles are for all industries com bined. Earnings data for som e of the occupations listed and 1 Personal visits were on a 2-year cycle before July Included in the 84 areas are 14 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, Ohio; Austin, T ex.; Binghamton, N.Y. Pa.; Birmingham, A la.; Fort Lauderdale Hollywood and West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, Fla.; Lexington Fayette, K y.; Melbourne Titusville Cocoa, Fla.; Norfolk Virginia Beach Portsmouth and Newport News Hampton, Va. N. C.; Poughkeepsie Kingston Newburgh, N. Y. ; Raleigh Durham, N.C.; Stamford, Conn.; Syracuse, N. Y.; Utica Rome, N.Y.; and Westchester County, N.Y. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor. d escribed, or for some industry divisions within the scope of the survey, are not presented in the A -s e r ie s tables, because either (1) employm ent in the occupation is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosu re of individual establishment data. Separate m en 's and w om en's earnings data are not presented when the number of w orkers not identified by sex is 20 percent or m ore of the men or women identified in an occupation. Earnings data not shown separately for industry divisions are included in data for all industries combined. Likew ise, data are included in the overall classification when a. subclassification of electronics techn icians, secretaries, or truckdrivers is not shown or in formation to subclassify is not available. Occupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown for full-tim e w ork ers, i.e., those hired to work a regular weekly schedule. Earnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-liv in g allowances and incentive bonuses are included. Weekly hours for office cle ric a l and professional and technical occupations refer to the standard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which em ployees receive regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtim e at regular and/or prem ium rates). Average weekly earnings for these occupations are rounded to the nearest half dollar. These surveys m easure the level of occupational earnings in an area at a particular tim e. C om parisons of individual occupational averages over tim e m ay not reflect expected wage changes. The averages for individual jobs are affected by changes in wages and employm ent patterns. F or exam ple, proportions of w orkers em ployed by high- or low -w age firm s may change, or high-wage w orkers m ay advance to better jobs and be replaced by new w orkers at low er rates. Such shifts in em ploym ent could decrease an o c c u pational average even though m ost establishments in an area increase wages during the year. Changes in earnings of occupational groups, shown in table A -7, are better indicators of wage trends than are earnings changes for individual jobs within the groups. A verage earnings reflect com posite, areawide estim ates. Industries and establishments differ in pay level and job'staffin g, and thus contribute differently to the estim ates for each job. Pay averages may fail to reflect accurately the wage differential among jobs in individual establishments. A verage pay levels for m en and women in selected occupations should not be assum ed to reflect differences in pay of the sexes within individual establishm ents. F a ctors which m ay contribute to differences include p r o gression within established rate ranges (only the rates paid incumbents are collected) and perform ance of specific duties within the general survey job descriptions. Job descriptions used to cla ssify em ployees in these surveys usually are m ore generalized than those used in individual establishments and allow for m inor differences among establishments in specific duties perform ed. 7

10 Occupational em ploym ent estim ates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estim ates of occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative im portance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not affect m aterially the a ccu ra cy of the earnings data. Wage trendy for selected occupational groups The percent in crea ses presented in table A -7 are based on changes in average hourly earnings for establishm ents reporting the trend jobs in both the current and previous year (matched establishm ents). The data are adjusted to rem ove the effects on average earnings of em ploym ent shifts among establishm ents and turnover of establishm ents included in survey sam ples. The percent in crea ses, however, are still affected by factors other than wage in crea ses. Hiring, layoffs, and turnover m ay affect an establishment average for an occupation when w ork ers are paid under plans providing a range of wage rates for individual jobs. In periods of in creased hiring, for exam ple, new em ployees enter at the bottom of the range, depressing the average without a change in wage rates. The percent changes relate to wage changes between the indicated dates. When the time span between surveys is other than 12 months, annual rates are shown. (It is assum ed that wages in crease at a constant rate between surveys.) Occupations used to com pute wage trends are: Office cle ric a l (men and w om en ): S ecretaries Stenographers, general Stenographers, senior T ypists, cla sses A and B File clerk s, cla sses A, B, and C M essengers Switchboard operators, cla sses A and B O ffice cle ric a l (men and w om en )----Continued O rder clerk s Accounting clerk s, cla sse s A and B B ookkeeping-m achine operators, class B P a yroll clerks Keypunch operators, cla sse s A and B Tabulating-m achine op erators, class B E lectronic data processin g (men and w om en ): Com puter system s analysts, cla sses A, B, and C Com puter p rog ra m m ers, cla sse s A, B, and C Com puter operators, cla sse s A, B, and C Industrial nurses (men and w om en ): R egistered industrial nurses Skilled maintenance (men and w om en ): C arpenters E lectrician s Painters M achinists M echanics (machinery) M echanics (m otor vehicle) Pipefitters T o o l and die m akers Unskilled plant (men and 123 w om en ): Janitors, p orters, and clean ers M aterial handling laborers P ercent changes for individual areas in the program are computed as follow s: 1. Each occupation is assigned a weight based on its p r o portionate em ploym ent in the occupational group in the base year. 2. These weights are used to com pute group averages. Each occupation's average (mean) earnings is multiplied by its weight. The products are totaled to obtain a group average. 3. The ratio of group averages for 2 consecutive years is com puted by dividing the average for the current year by the average for the ea rlier year. The result exp ressed as a percent less 100 is the percent change. F or a m ore detailed description of the method used to com pute these wage trends, see "Im proving A rea Wage Survey In d ex es," Monthly Labor R eview, January 1973, pp Establishm ent practices and supplem entary wage provisions Tabulations on selected establishm ent practices and supplementary wage provisions (B -s e r ie s tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Information for these tabulations is collected at 3 -y ea r intervals. 1 These tabulations on m inim um entrance salaries for inexperienced office w ork ers; shift differentials; scheduled weekly hours and days; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B -s e r ie s tables) in previous bulletins for this area. Personal visits w ere on a 2-y ear c y c le before July

11 Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976 Industry division 2 M inim um em ploym ent in e sta b lish - m ents in scop e o f study Number of establishm ents W ithin scop e of study 3 Studied W orkers in establishm ents Within scope of study 4 Num ber P ercen t Studied ALL DIVISIONS , MANUFACTURING , ,213 nonmanufacturing ,744 TRANSPORTATION, communication, and other public u t i l i t i e s , ,221 wholesale trade RETAIL trade , ,114 finance, insurance, and real estate , SERVICES ,453 1 The Daytona B ea ch Standard M etrop olitan Statistical A re a, as defined by the O ffice o f M anagem ent and Budget through F eb ru a ry 1974, co n s ists o f V olu sia County. The "w o rk e rs within scop e o f study" estim a tes shown in this table p rovid e a reason a b ly a ccu ra te d e scrip tio n o f the s ize and com p osition o f the la b or fo r c e included in the su rvey. E stim ates are not intended, h ow ever, fo r co m p a rison with other em ploym ent indexes to m ea su re em ploym ent tren d s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of wage surveys requires establishment data com piled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1967 edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishm ents by industry division. 3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ploym ent at o r above the m inim um lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) o f com p an ies in industries such as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion picture theaters are considered as 1 establishm ent. 4 Includes all w orkers in all establishm ents with total employment (within the area) at or above the minimum lim itation. 5 Abbreviated to "public utilities " in the A - se rie s tables. Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation are excluded. 6 This division is represented in estim ates for "all industries" and "nonm anufacturing" in the A - se rie s tables. Separate presentation of data is not made for one or m ore of the following reasons: (1) Employment is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sam ple was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. 7 H otels and m o te ls; laundries and other p erson a l s e r v ic e s ; bu sin ess s e r v ic e s ; a utom obile re p a ir, rental, and parking; m otion p ictu re s; nonprofit m em bersh ip organiza tion s (excluding relig iou s and ch a rita b le o rg a n iza tion s); and engineering and a rch itectu ra l s e r v ic e s. 9

12 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r im a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip t io n s f o r the B u r e a u 's w a ge s u r v e y s is to a s s is t its fie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g in to a p p r o p r ia te o c c u p a tio n s w o r k e r s w ho a r e e m p lo y e d u n d er a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n ts fr o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t and fr o m a r e a to a r e a. T h is p e r m it s th e g ro u p in g o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e r a te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b co n te n t. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o c c u p a tio n a l co n te n t, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip t io n s m a y d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly fr o m th o s e in u se in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s. In a p p ly in g th e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s, the B u r e a u 's fie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e in s tru c te d to e x c lu d e w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p r e n t ic e s ; le a r n e r s ; b e g in n e r s ; tr a in e e s ; and h a n d ic a p p e d, p a r t -t im e, t e m p o r a r y, and p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s. OFFICE S E C R E T A R Y A s s ig n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y, n o r m a lly to on e in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c l o s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s iv e r e la tio n s h ip to the d a y -t o -d a y w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r. W o rk s f a i r ly in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta ile d s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n c e. P e r fo r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l d u tie s, u s u a lly in clu d in g m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : a. R e c e iv e s te le p h o n e c a l l s, p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s, and in c o m in g m a il, a n s w e r s ro u tin e in q u ir ie s, and r o u te s t e c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ; c. in s tru c te d ; b. E s t a b lis h e s, m a in ta in s, and r e v is e s the s u p e r v is o r 's f i l e s ; M a in ta in s the s u p e r v is o r 's c a le n d a r and m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts as d. R e la y s m e s s a g e s fr o m s u p e r v is o r to s u b o r d in a te s ; e. R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e, m e m o r a n d u m s, and r e p o r ts p r e p a r e d by o th e r s f o r the s u p e r v is o r 's sig n a tu r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and ty p o g r a p h ic a c c u r a c y ; f. P e r fo r m s s te n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k. S E C R E T A R Y C on tin u ed M a y a ls o p e r fo r m o th e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu re and d iffic u lty. T h e w o r k t y p ic a lly r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o f fic e rou tin e and u n d e r sta n d in g o f the o r g a n iz a tio n, p r o g r a m s, and p r o c e d u r e s r e la te d to the w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r. E x c lu s io n s N ot a ll p o s it io n s that a r e title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b o v e "c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s. E x a m p le s o f p o s it io n s w h ich a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the d e fin itio n a r e a s f o llo w s : a. P o s it io n s w h ich d o n ot m e e t the " p e r s o n a l" s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d a b o v e ; b. S te n o g r a p h e r s n ot fu lly tr a in e d in s e c r e t a r ia l-t y p e d u tie s ; c. S te n o g r a p h e r s s e r v in g a s o f fic e a s s is t a n t s to a g ro u p o f p r o f e s s io n a l, te c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; d. S e c r e t a r y p o s it io n s in w h ich th e d u tie s a r e e ith e r su b s ta n tia lly m o r e ro u tin e o r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e c o m p le x and r e s p o n s ib le than th o s e c h a r a c t e r iz e d in th e d e fin itio n ; B egin n in g w ith c a le n d a r y e a r 1976 s u r v e y s, the B u re a u h as g r o u p e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d in its a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s in to jo b fa m ilie s in o r d e r to p r e s e n t in fo r m a tio n on r e la t e d o c c u p a tio n s in s e q u e n c e. Job f a m ilie s h av e not b een title d, h o w e v e r, s in c e d o in g so m ig h t h av e added e x tra n e o u s e le m e n ts to the jo b m a tch in g p r o c e s s. T h e B u re a u h as a ls o r e v is e d s e v e r a l o c c u p a t io n a l title s. w o r d o r d e r and a r e m o r e d e s c r ip t iv e o f the s u r v e y jo b s. T h e t it le s m o r e n e a r ly r e f le c t u su a l 10

13 S E C R E T A R Y C on tin u ed E x c lu s io n s C on tin u ed S E C R E T A R Y C on tin u ed C la s s C e. A s s is ta n t -ty p e p o s itio n s w h ich in v o lv e m o r e d iffic u lt o r m o r e 1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u tiv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n w h o se r e s p o n r e s p o n s ib le te c h n ic a l, a d m in is tra tiv e, s u p e r v is o r y, o r s p e c ia liz e d c l e r i c a l s ib ilit y is n ot e q u iv a le n t to on e o f the s p e c ific le v e l situ a tion s in the d e fin itio n d u tie s w h ich a r e not ty p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l w o rk. fo r c la s s B, but w h o s e o r g a n iz a tio n a l unit n o r m a lly n u m b e r s at le a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a tio n a l se g m e n ts w h ich a r e o fte n, in tu rn, fu r th e r s u b d iv id e d. In so m e c o m p a n ie s, th is le v e l in c lu d e s a N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r, " u se d in the le v e l d e fin itio n s w id e ra n g e o f o r g a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s, o n ly on e o r tw o; o r fo llo w in g, r e f e r s to th o s e o f fic i a l s w ho h ave a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a te w id e p o lic y m a k in g r o le w ith r e g a r d to m a jo r c o m p a n y a c t iv it ie s. T he title "v ic e p r e s id e n t, " though n o r m a lly in d ic a tiv e o f th is r o l e, d o e s n ot in a ll c a s e s id e n tify su ch p o s it io n s. V ic e p r e s id e n ts w h o se p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ility is to a ct p e r s o n a lly on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r tr a n s a c tio n s ( e.g., a p p r o v e o r den y in d iv id u a l loan o r c r e d it a c tio n s ; a d m in is te r in d iv id u a l tr u s t a c c o u n ts; d ir e c t ly s u p e r v is e a c l e r i c a l sta ff) a r e not c o n s id e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " fo r p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g the fo llo w in g le v e l d e fin itio n s. C la s s A 1. S e c r e t a r y to the ch a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r (o th e r than the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t) o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but fe w e r than 2 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to the h ead, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a t e o f fic e r le v e l, o f a m a jo r seg m e n t o r s u b s id ia r y o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 2 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s. C la s s B 2. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, fa c t o r y, e tc. (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l o f o ffic ia l) that e m p lo y s, in a ll, fe w e r than 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s. C la s s D 1. S e c r e t a r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r head o f a s m a ll o r g a n iz a tio n a l unit ( e.g., fe w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ); o 2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y staff s p e c ia lis t, p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e, a d m in is tra tiv e o f f i c e r, o r a s s is ta n t, s k ille d te c h n ic ia n, o r e x p e r t. (N O T E : M any c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s te n o g r a p h e r s, r a th e r than s e c r e t a r ie s as d e s c r ib e d a b o v e, to th is le v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r.) S T E N O G R A P H E R P r im a r y duty is to take d ic ta tio n u sin g sh orth a n d, and to t r a n s c r ib e the d ic ta tio n. M ay a ls o ty p e fr o m w ritte n c o p y. M ay o p e r a te fr o m a s te n o g r a p h ic p o o l. M ay o c c a s io n a lly t r a n s c r ib e fr o m v o ic e r e c o r d in g s (if p r im a r y duty is t r a n s c r ib in g fr o m r e c o r d in g s, s e e T r a n s c r ib in g -M a c h in e T y p is t). N O T E : T h is jo b is d is tin g u is h e d fr o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a lly w o r k s in a c o n fid e n tia l r e la tio n s h ip w ith on ly one m a n a g e r o r e x e c u tiv e and p e r fo r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib le and d is c r e t io n a r y ta sk s as d e s c r ib e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin itio n. 1. S e c r e t a r y to the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, fe w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th e r than the ch a irm a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t) o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to the h ead, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the o f f i c e r le v e l, o v e r e ith e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a tio n w id e fu n ctio n a l a c tiv ity ( e.g., m a r k e tin g, r e s e a r c h, o p e r a t io n s, in d u s tria l r e la t io n s, e t c.) r a m a jo r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a tio n a l se g m e n t ( e.g., a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r te r s ; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 5,0 0 0 but fe w e r than 2 5,0 0 0 e m p lo y e e s ; o r 4. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an in d iv id u a l p lan t, fa c t o r y, e tc. (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l o f o ffic i a l ) that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 5. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f a la r g e and im p o rta n t o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t ( e.g., a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n iz a tio n a l segm e n t o fte n in v o lv in g as m a n y as s e v e r a l h undred p e r s o n s ) o r a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s, in a ll, o v e r 2 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s. S te n o g r a p h e r, G e n e r a l D icta tio n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l rou tin e v o c a b u la r y. M ay m a in ta in f i l e s, k eep s im p le r e c o r d s, o r p e r fo r m o th e r r e la t iv e ly rou tin e c l e r i c a l ta s k s. S te n o g r a p h e r, S e n io r D icta tio n in v o lv e s a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y such as in le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h. M ay a ls o se t up and m a in ta in f i l e s, k e e p r e c o r d s, e tc. OR P e r fo r m s s te n o g r a p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n tly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n ce and r e s p o n s ib ilit y than s te n o g r a p h e r, g e n e r a l as e v id e n c e d b y the fo llo w in g : W ork r e q u ir e s a high d e g r e e o f s te n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ; a th orou g h w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o ffic e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f the s p e c ific b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s, o r g a n iz a tio n, p o l i c i e s, p r o c e d u r e s, f ile s, w o r k flo w, e tc. U ses th is k n o w le d g e in p e r fo r m in g s te n o g ra p h ic d u tie s and r e s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta s k s su ch as m a in ta in in g fo llo w u p file s ; a s s e m b lin g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s, m e m o r a n d u m s, and le t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t te r s fr o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c tio n s ; re a d in g and rou tin g in c o m in g m a il; and a n s w e rin g rou tin e q u e s tio n s, e tc. 11

14 T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T P r im a r y duty is to t r a n s c r ib e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l rou tin e v o c a b u la r y fr o m t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s. M ay a ls o ty p e fr o m w r itte n c o p y and d o s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k. W o r k e r s t r a n s c r ib in g d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s oh s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h a r e n ot in c lu d e d. A w o r k e r w ho ta k e s d ic ta tio n in sh orth a n d o r b y S ten otype o r s im ila r m a ch in e is c la s s ifie d as a s te n o g r a p h e r. T Y P IS T U s e s a t y p e w r it e r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e out b ills a fte r c a lc u la tio n s have b e e n m a d e b y a n oth er p e r s o n. M ay in clu d e ty p in g o f s t e n c ils, m a ts, o r s im ila r m a t e r ia ls f o r u se in d u p lic a tin g p r o c e s s e s. M a y d o c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g little s p e c ia l tr a in in g, su ch as k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s, filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s, o r s o r tin g and d is trib u tin g in c o m in g m a il. C la s s A. P e r fo r m s on e o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T y p in g m a t e r ia l in fin a l fo r m w hen it in v o lv e s co m b in in g m a t e r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r r e s p o n s ib ilit y f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g, s y lla b ic a tio n, p u n ctu ation, e t c., o f t e c h n ic a l o r u n u su a l w o r d s o r fo r e ig n la n g u a ge m a t e r ia l; o r p lannin g la y ou t and ty p in g o f c o m p lic a t e d s ta t is tic a l ta b le s to m a in ta in u n ifo r m ity and b a la n ce in s p a cin g. M ay ty p e rou tin e fo r m le t t e r s, v a r y in g d e ta ils to suit c ir c u m s t a n c e s. C la s s B. P e r fo r m s on e o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : C o p y ty p in g fr o m rou g h o r c le a r d r a fts ; o r rou tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s, in su ra n c e p o l i c i e s, e t c.; o r settin g up s im p le sta n d a rd ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y set up and s p a c e d p r o p e r ly. F IL E C L E R K F i l e s, c l a s s i f i e s, and r e t r ie v e s m a t e r ia l in an e s ta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m. M ay p e r fo r m c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in f ile s. P o s it io n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s. C la s s A. C l a s s ifie s and in d e x e s f ile m a t e r ia l su ch as c o r r e s p o n d e n c e, r e p o r t s, t e c h n ic a l d o c u m e n ts, e t c., in an e s ta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m con ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a tte r f i l e s. M ay a ls o file th is m a t e r ia l. M ay k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in co n ju n c tio n w ith the f i l e s. M a y le a d a s m a ll g ro u p o f lo w e r le v e l file c le r k s. C la s s B. S o r t s, c o d e s, and f ile s u n c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y s im p le (s u b je c t m a tte r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i fie d m a t e r ia l b y fin e r su b h e a d in g s. P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s. A s r e q u e s t e d, lo c a t e s c le a r ly id e n tifie d m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r ia l. M ay p e r fo r m r e la te d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v ic e f i l e s. C la s s C. P e r fo r m s ro u tin e filin g o f m a t e r ia l that h as a lr e a d y b e e n c la s s ifie d o r w h ich is e a s ily c la s s ifie d in a s im p le s e r ia l c la s s ific a t io n s y s te m ( e.g., a lp h a b e tic a l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l). A s r e q u e s t e d, lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r ia l in f ile s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r ia l; and m a y f i l l ou t w ith d r a w a l c h a r g e. M a y p e r fo r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s. M E SSE N G E R P e r fo r m s v a r io u s ro u tin e d u tie s su ch as ru nning e r r a n d s, o p e r a tin g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s su ch a s s e a le r s o r m a i l e r s, o p en in g and d is trib u tin g m a il, and o th e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k. E x c lu d e p o s it io n s that r e q u ir e o p e r a tio n o f a m o t o r v e h ic le a s a s ig n ific a n t d u ty. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R C la s s A. O p e r a te s a s in g le - o r m u lt ip le -p o s it io n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d h andlin g in c o m in g, o u tg o in g, in tra p la n t o r o f fic e c a l l s. P e r fo r m s fu ll te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v ic e o r h a n d les c o m p le x c a l l s, su ch as c o n fe r e n c e, c o l l e c t, o v e r s e a s, o r s im ila r c a lls, e ith e r in a d d itio n to d o in g rou tin e w o rk a s d e s c r ib e d f o r s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r, c la s s B, o r a s a fu ll-tim e a s sig n m e n t. ( " F u l l " te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v ic e o c c u r s w hen the e s ta b lis h m e n t has v a r ie d fu n ctio n s th at a r e not r e a d ily u n d e rsta n d a b le fo r te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n p u r p o s e s, e.g., b e c a u s e o f o v e r la p p in g o r in te r r e la t e d fu n c tio n s, and c o n s e q u en tly p r e s e n t fr e q u e n t p r o b le m s a s to w h ich e x te n s io n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te f o r c a lls.) C la s s B. O p e r a te s a s in g le - o r m u lt ip le -p o s it io n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d h an d lin g in c o m in g, o u tg o in g, in tra p la n t o r o f fic e c a lls. M ay handle ro u tin e lo n g d is ta n c e c a lls and r e c o r d t o l l s. M a y p e r fo r m lim ite d te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v i c e. ( " L i m i t e d " te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v i c e o c c u r s i f the fu n c tio n s o f the e s ta b lis h m e n t s e r v ic e d a r e r e a d ily u n d e r sta n d a b le fo r t e l e p h on e in fo r m a tio n p u r p o s e s, o r i f the r e q u e s ts a r e r o u tin e, e.g., giv in g e x te n s io n n u m b e r s w hen s p e c if ic n a m e s a r e fu r n is h e d, o r i f c o m p le x c a lls a r e r e f e r r e d to a n o th e r o p e r a t o r.) T h e s e c la s s ific a t io n s d o n ot in clu d e s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s in t e l e p h one c o m p a n ie s w ho a s s i s t c u s t o m e r s in p la c in g c a lls. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T In a d d itio n to p e r fo r m in g d u tie s o f o p e r a t o r on a s in g le -p o s it io n o r m o n it o r -t y p e s w itc h b o a r d, a c ts as r e c e p t io n is t and m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r fo r m ro u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a rt o f r e g u la r d u tie s. T h is ty p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o rk m a y ta k e th e m a jo r p a rt o f th is w o r k e r 's tim e w h ile at s w itc h b o a r d. O R D E R C L E R K R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s fo r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a il, p h o n e, o r p e r s o n a lly. D u ties in v o lv e any c o m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : Q u otin g p r ic e s to c u s t o m e r s ; m a k in g out an o r d e r sh eet lis tin g the ite m s to m a k e up the o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r i c e s and q u a n titie s o f it e m s on o r d e r sh e e t; and d is trib u tin g o r d e r s h e e ts to r e s p e c t iv e d e p a r tm e n ts to be fille d. M ay c h e c k w ith c r e d it d e p a rtm e n t to d e te r m in e c r e d it ra tin g o f c u s t o m e r, a c k n o w l e d g e r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s fr o m c u s t o m e r s, fo llo w up o r d e r s to s e e that th ey h ave b e e n fille d, k e e p file o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d, and c h e c k sh ip p in g in v o ic e s w ith o r ig in a l o r d e r s. A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K P e r fo r m s on e o r m o r e a c c o u n tin g c l e r i c a l ta s k s su ch a s p o s tin g to r e g is t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank a c c o u n ts; v e r ify in g the in te r n a l c o n s is t e n c y, c o m p le t e n e s s, and m a th e m a tic a l a c c u r a c y o f a cco u n tin g d o c u m e n ts ; a s s ig n in g p r e s c r ib e d a c c o u n tin g d is trib u tio n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r ify in g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s ty p e s o f r e p o r t s, l i s t s, c a lc u la tio n s, p o s tin g, e t c.; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s is t in g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a t e d jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s. M a y w o r k in e ith e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a cco u n tin g s y s te m. T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m e th o d s and o f fic e p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ich r e la t e s to the c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s in g and r e c o r d in g o f tr a n s a c tio n s and a cco u n tin g in fo r m a tio n. W ith e x p e r ie n c e, the w o r k e r t y p ic a lly b e c o m e s fa m ilia r w ith the b o o k k e e p in g and a cco u n tin g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s u se d in the a s s ig n e d w o r k, but is n ot r e q u ir e d to have a k n o w le d g e o f the f o r m a l p r in c ip le s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n tin g. P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s.

15 A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K C on tin ued C la s s A. U nder g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n, p e r fo r in s a cco u n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s w h ich r e q u ir e the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m e n t, fo r e x a m p le, c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s in g c o m p lic a t e d o r n o n r e p e titiv e a cco u n tin g t r a n s a c tio n s, s e le c t in g a m on g a s u b sta n tia l v a r ie ty o f p r e s c r ib e d a cco u n tin g c o d e s and c la s s ific a t io n s, o r tr a c in g tr a n s a c tio n s th rou g h p r e v io u s a cco u n tin g a c tio n s to d e te r m in e s o u r c e o f d is c r e p a n c ie s. M a y be a s s is t e d b y on e o r m o r e c la s s B a cco u n tin g c le r k s. C la s s B. U nder c lo s e s u p e r v is io n, fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s and s ta n d a rd iz e d p r o c e d u r e s, p e r fo r m s on e o r m o r e rou tin e a cco u n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s, su ch as p o stin g to le d g e r s, c a r d s, o r w o r k s h e e ts w h e r e id e n tific a tio n o f ite m s and lo c a t io n s o f p o s tin g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a te d ; ch e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p le t e n e s s o f sta n d a r d iz e d and r e p e titiv e records o r a cco u n tin g d o c u m e n ts ; and coding d o c u m e n ts u sin g a fe w p r e s c r ib e d a cco u n tin g c o d e s. B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a te s a b o o k k e e p in g m a ch in e (w ith o r w ith ou t a ty p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c tio n s. C la s s A. K e e p s a set o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n ow led g e o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip le s, and fa m ilia r it y w ith the s tr u c tu r e o f the p a r tic u la r a c c o inting s y s te m u s e d. D e te r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is trib u tio n o f d e b it and c r e d it it e m s to be u se d in e a c h p h a se o f the w o r k. M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a te d r e p o r t s, b a la n ce s h e e ts, and o th e r r e c o r d s by hand. C la s s B. K e e p s a r e c o r d o f on e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c tio n s o f a se t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g little k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g. P h a s e s o r s e c tio n s in clu d e a c c o u n ts p a y a b le, p a y r o ll, c u s t o m e r s ' a cco u n ts (not in clu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d u n d er m a ch in e b i l l e r ), c o s t d i s tr ib u tio n, e x p e n s e d is trib u tio n, in v e n to r y c o n t r o l, e t c. M ay c h e c k o r a s s is t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r ia l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e ts fo r the a cco u n tin g d e p a r tm e n t. M A C H IN E B IL L E R P r e p a r e s s ta te m e n ts, b i l l s, and in v o ic e s on a m a ch in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic ty p e w r it e r. M ay a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s o r sh ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r fo r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a t io n s. F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s, m a ch in e b ille r s a re c la s s ifie d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e, a s fo llo w s : B illin g -m a c h in e b i l l e r. U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g m a ch in e (c o m b in a tio n ty p in g and adding m a ch in e ) to p r e p a r e b ills and in v o ic e s fr o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s, in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s, sh ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s, e tc. U su a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a tio n o f p r e d e te r m in e d d is c o u n ts and sh ip p in g c h a r g e s and e n tr y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s, w h ich m a y o r m a y not be co m p u te d on the b illin g m a c h in e, and to ta ls w h ich a r e a u to m a tic a lly a c c u m u la te d by m a c h in e. T h e o p e r a tio n u su a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m b er o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f the b ill b e in g p r e p a r e d and is ofte n d on e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e. M A C H IN E B IL L E R C on tin u ed B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r. U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a ch in e (w ith o r w ith ou t a ty p e w r it e r k e y b o a rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b ills a s p a rt o f the a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le o p e r a tio n. G e n e r a lly in v o lv e s the s im u lta n e o u s e n try o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d. T he m a ch in e a u to m a tic a lly a c c u m u la te s fig u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u te s and u su a lly p r in ts a u to m a tic a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d it b a la n c e s. D o e s not in v o lv e a k n ow led g e o f b o o k k e e p in g. W o rk s fr o m u n ifo r m and sta n d a rd ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s. P A Y R O L L C L E R K C o m p u te s w a g e s o f co m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and e n te r s the n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h e e ts. D u ties in v o lv e : C a lcu la tin g w o r k e r s ' e a rn in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; and p o s tin g c a lc u la te d data on p a y r o ll s h e e t, sh ow in g in fo r m a tio n su ch a s w o r k e r 's n a m e, w o rk in g d a y s, t im e, r a te, d e d u c tio n s f o r in s u r a n c e,' and to ta l w a g e s d u e. M ay m a k e out p a y c h e c k s and a s s i s t p a y m a s te r in m a k in g up and d is trib u tin g p ay e n v e lo p e s. M ay u se a c a lc u la tin g m a c h in e. K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R O p e r a te s a k eyp u n ch m a ch in e to r e c o r d o r v e r ify a lp h a b e tic a n d /o r n u m e r ic data on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r on ta p e. P o s it io n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s. C la s s A. W ork r e q u ir e s the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m en t in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to be fo llo w e d and in s e a r c h in g f o r, in te r p r e tin g, s e le c t in g, o r c o d in g it e m s to be k eyp u n ch ed fr o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts. On o c c a s io n m a y a ls o p e r fo r m so m e rou tin e k eyp u n ch w o r k. M ay tr a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s. C la s s B. W ork is rou tin e and r e p e tit iv e. U nder c lo s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo llo w in g s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c tio n s, w o r k s fr o m v a rio u s- s ta n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts w h ich h ave b een c o d e d,, and fo llo w s s p e c ifie d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich h ave b e e n p r e s c r ib e d in d e ta il and r e q u ir e little o r no s e le c t in g, c o d in g, o r in te r p r e tin g o f data to be r e c o r d e d. R e fe r s to s u p e r v is o r p r o b le m s a r is in g fr o m e r r o n e o u s it e m s o r c o d e s o r m is s in g in fo r m a tio n. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a te s one o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s su ch as the ta b u la to r, c a lc u la t o r, c o l l a t o r, in t e r p r e t e r, s o r t e r, r e p r o d u c in g p u n ch, e tc. E x c lu d e d fr o m th is d e fin itio n a r e w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s. A ls o e x c lu d e d a re o p e r a t o r s o f e le c t r o n ic d ig ita l c o m p u t e r s, even though th ey m a y a ls o o p e r a te e le c t r ic a cco u n tin g m a ch in e e q u ip m e n t. P o s it io n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s. C la s s A. P e r fo r m s c o m p le t e r e p o r tin g and ta b u la tin g a s sig n m e n ts in clu d in g d e v is in g d iffic u lt c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d er g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n. A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s w h ich o fte n a r e i r r e g u la r o r n o n r e c u r r in g, r e q u ir in g so m e planning o f the n atu re and se q u e n cin g o f o p e r a t io n s, and the u se o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s. Is

16 T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C on tin u ed t y p ic a lly in v o lv e d in tr a in in g n ew o p e r a t o r s in m a ch in e o p e r a tio n s o r tr a in in g lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s and in the o p e r a tin g s e q u e n c e s o f lon g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s. D o e s n ot in clu d e p o s itio n s in w h ich w ir in g r e s p o n s ib ilit y is lim ite d to s e le c t io n and in s e r tio n o f p r e w ir e d b o a r d s. C la s s B. P e r fo r m s w o r k a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n d er s p e c if ic in s t r u c tio n s. A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e c o m p le te but r o u tin e and r e c u r r in g r e p o r t s ' d r p a r ts o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s. O p e r a te s m o r e d iffic u lt ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a cco u n tin g m a c h in e s su ch as PROFESSIONAL T A B U LA T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C on tin u ed th e ta b u la to r and c a lc u la t o r, in a d d itio n to the s im p le r m a c h in e s u se d by c l a s s C o p e r a t o r s. M ay b e r e q u ir e d to do s o m e w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s. M a y tr a in new e m p lo y e e s in b a s ic m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s. C la s s C. U n der s p e c ific in s t r u c tio n s, o p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a cco u n tin g m a c h in e s su ch a s the s o r t e r, in t e r p r e t e r, r e p r o d u c in g p u n ch, c o lla t o r, e t c. A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e p o r tio n s o f a w o r k unit, fo r e x a m p le, in d iv id u a l s o r tin g o r c o lla tin g ru n s, o r r e p e titiv e o p e r a t io n s. M a y p e r fo r m s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s, and do s o m e filin g w o r k. AND TECHNICAL C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T, BUSINESS A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s to fo r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s fo r s o lv in g th em b y u se o f e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m e n t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r ip tio n o f a ll s p e c ific a t io n s n e e d e d to en a b le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig ita l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m s. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; A n a ly z e s s u b je c t -m a t t e r o p e r a tio n s to be a u tom a ted and id e n tifie s c o n d itio n s and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t is fa c t o r y r e s u lts ; s p e c ifie s n u m b e r and ty p e s o f r e c o r d s, f i l e s, and d o c u m e n ts to be u s e d ; o u tlin e s a c tio n s to be p e r fo r m e d by p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u te r s in s u ffic ie n t d e ta il fo r p r e s e n ta tio n to m a n a g e m e n t and fo r p r o g r a m m in g (ty p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a tio n o f w o r k and data flo w c h a r t s ); c o o r d in a t e s the d e v e lo p m e n t o f te s t p r o b le m s and p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r ia l r u n s o f new and r e v is e d s y s te m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s e q u ip m e n t c h a n g e s to ob ta in m o r e e ffe c t iv e o v e r a ll o p e r a t io n s. (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g sh ou ld b e c la s s ifie d as s y s te m s a n a ly sts i f th is is the s k ill u se d to d e te r m in e th e ir p a y.) D o e s n ot in clu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le fo r the m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s, o r s y s te m s a n a ly sts p r im a r ily c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t ific o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s. F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s, s y s te m s a n a ly sts a r e c la s s ifie d a s fo llo w s : C la s s A. W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s te m a n a ly s is. P r o b le m s a re c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u lt ip le -u s e r e q u ir e m e n ts o f output d ata. (F o r e x a m p le, d e v e lo p s an in te g r a te d p r o d u c tio n s c h e d u lin g, in v e n to r y c o n t r o l, c o s t a n a ly s is, and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ich e v e r y ite m o f e a c h ty p e is a u to m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th rou g h the fu ll s y s te m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia te fo llo w u p a c tio n s a r e in itia te d by the c o m p u te r.) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e te r m in e the data p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t -m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on the im p lic a t io n s o f new o r r e v is e d s y s te m s o f data p r o c e s s in g o p e r a t io n s. M a k es r e c o m m e n d a tio n s, i f n e e d e d, fo r a p p r o v a l o f m a jo r s y s te m s in s ta lla tio n s o r ch a n g e s and fo r ob ta in in g e q u ip m e n t. M ay p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c tio n to lo w e r le v e l s y s te m s a n a ly sts w ho a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t. C la s s B. W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on p r o b le m s that a r e r e la t iv e ly u n c o m p lic a te d to a n a ly z e, p lan, p r o g r a m, and o p e r a t e. P r o b le m s a r e o f lim ite d c o m p le x it y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and the output data a r e c l o s e l y r e la te d. (F o r e x a m p le, C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A in A L Y S T, BUSINESS C on tin u ed d e v e lo p s s y s te m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s it o r a c c o u n ts in a bank, m a in ta in in g a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le in a r e t a il e s ta b lis h m e n t, o r m a in ta in in g in v e n to ry accounts in a m a n u fa ctu rin g o r w h o le s a le e s ta b lis h m e n t.) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e te r m in e the data p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t -m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on the im p lic a t io n s o f the data p r o c e s s in g s y s te m s to be a p p lie d. OR W o rk s on a se g m e n t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s in g s c h e m e o r s y s te m, a s d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A. W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly on ro u tin e a s s ig n m e n ts and r e c e iv e s in s t r u c tio n and g u id a n ce on c o m p le x a s s ig n m e n t s. W ork is r e v ie w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t, c o m p lia n c e w ith in s t r u c t io n s, and to in su r e p r o p e r a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a ll s y s te m. C la s s C. W o rk s u n d er im m e d ia te s u p e r v is io n, c a r r y in g out a n a ly s e s a s a s s ig n e d, u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c tiv ity. A s s ig n m e n ts a re d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and exp an d p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f p r o c e d u r e s and s k ills r e q u ir e d f o r s y s te m s a n a ly s is w o r k. F o r e x a m p le, m a y a s s is t a -h ig h e r le v e l s y s te m s a n a ly st by p r e p a r in g th e d e ta ile d s p e c ific a t io n s r e q u ir e d by p r o g r a m m e r s fr o m in fo r m a tio n d e v e lo p e d by the h ig h e r le v e l a n a ly st. C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R, BUSIN ESS C o n v e r ts s ta te m e n ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b le m s, t y p ic a lly p r e p a r e d by a s y s te m s a n a ly st, in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e ta ile d in s t r u c tio n s w h ich a r e r e q u ir e d to s o lv e the p r o b le m s b y a u to m a tic data p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m e n t. W ork in g fr o m c h a r ts o r d ia g r a m s, the p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s the p r e c i s e in s t r u c tio n s w h ich, w hen e n te r e d in to the c o m p u te r s y s te m in c o d e d la n g u a g e, c a u s e the m a n ip u la tio n o f data to a c h ie v e d e s ir e d r e s u lt s. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u te r c a p a b ilit ie s, m a t h e m a tic s, lo g ic e m p lo y e d by c o m p u t e r s, and p a r t ic u la r s u b je c t m a tte r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r ts and d ia g r a m s o f the p r o b le m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n ce o f p r o g r a m s te p s ; w r it e s d e ta ile d flo w c h a r ts to show o r d e r in w h ich data w ill be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r ts th e s e c h a r ts to c o d e d in s t r u c tio n s fo r m a ch in e to fo llo w ; te s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s t r u c tio n s f o r o p e r a tin g p e r s o n n e l d u rin g p r o d u c tio n ru n ; a n a ly z e s, r e v ie w s, and a lte r s p r o g r a m s to in c r e a s e o p e r a tin g e f fic i e n c y o r adapt to n ew r e q u ir e m e n ts ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v is io n s. (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g sh ou ld be c la s s ifie d a s s y s te m s a n a ly sts i f th is is the s k ill u se d to d e te r m in e th e ir p a y.) 14

17 C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R, BUSINESS C on tin u ed D o e s n ot in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le f o t the m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s, o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r im a r ily c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t ific a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s. F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s, p r o g r a m m e r s a r e c la s s ifie d a s fo llo w s : C la s s A. W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s W hich r e q u ir e c o m p e te n c e in a ll p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m in g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s. W o rk in g fr o m d ia g r a m s and c h a r ts w h ich id e n tify th e n atu re o f d e s ir e d r e s u lts, m a jo r p r o c e s s in g ste p s to b e a c c o m p lis h e d, and th e r e la tio n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s ste p s o f the p r o b le m s o lv in g ro u tin e ; p la n s th e fu ll ra n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c tio n s n e e d e d to e ffic ie n t ly u tiliz e the c o m p u te r s y s te m in a c h ie v in g d e s ir e d end p r o d u c ts. A t th is le v e l, p r o g r a m m in g is d iffic u lt b e c a u s e c o m p u te r e q u ip m en t m u s t b e o r g a n iz e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in te r r e la t e d but d iv e r s e p r o d u c ts fr o m n u m e r o u s and d iv e r s e data e le m e n t s. A w id e v a r ie t y and e x te n s iv e n u m b e r o f in te r n a l p r o c e s s in g a c tio n s m u s t o c c u r. T h is r e q u ir e s su ch a c tio n s as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a tio n s w h ich ca n b e r e u s e d, e s ta b lis h m e n t o f lin k a g e p o in ts b e tw e e n o p e r a t io n s, a d ju stm e n ts to data w hen p r o g r a m r e q u ir e m e n ts e x c e e d c o m p u te r s to r a g e c a p a c it y, and s u b sta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and r e s e q u e n c in g o f data e le m e n ts to fo r m a h ig h ly in te g ra te d p r o g r a m. M ay p r o v id e fu n ctio n a l d ir e c t io n to lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w ho a re a s s ig n e d to a s s is t. C la s s B. W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p r o g r a m s, o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s. P r o g r a m s (o r s e g m e n ts ) u su a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a tio n to p r o d u c e data in tw o o r th r e e v a r ie d s e q u e n c e s o r fo r m a t s. R e p o r ts and lis tin g s a r e p r o d u c e d by r e fin in g, a d a p tin g, a r r a y in g, o r m a k in g m in o r a d d itio n s to o r d e le tio n s fr o m input data w h ich a r e r e a d ily a v a ila b le. W h ile n u m e ro u s r e c o r d s m a y b e p r o c e s s e d, the data h ave b e e n r e fin e d in p r io r a c tio n s so that the a c c u r a c y and se q u e n cin g o f data ca n b e te s te d b y u sin g a fe w ro u tin e c h e c k s. T y p ic a lly, the p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith ro u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a tio n s. OR W o rk s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (as d e s c r ib e d f o r c la s s A ) u n d er c lo s e d ir e c t io n o f a h ig h e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r. M ay a s s i s t h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d, and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta s k s u n d er f a ir ly c l o s e d ir e c tio n. M ay g u id e o r in s tru c t lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s. C la s s C. M a k es p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a tio n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t ic e s and c o n c e p t s u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s. A s s ig n m e n ts a re d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p c o m p e te n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f sta n d a rd p r o c e d u r e s to ro u tin e p r o b le m s. R e c e iv e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n ew a s p e c ts o f a s s ig n m e n ts ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r if y its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo r m a n c e w ith r e q u ir e d p r o c e d u r e s. C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R M o n ito r s and o p e r a t e s the c o n t r o l c o n s o le o f a d ig ita l c o m p u te r to p r o c e s s data a c c o r d in g to o p e r a tin g in s t r u c tio n s, u su a lly p r e p a r e d by a p r o g r a m m e r. W ork in c lu d e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : S tudies in s tr u c tio n s to d e te r m in e e q u ip m e n t setu p and o p e r a t io n s ; lo a d s eq u ip m en t w ith r e q u ir e d it e m s (ta p e r e e l s, c a r d s, e t c.); s w itc h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y eq u ip m en t into c i r c u i t, and s ta r ts and o p e r a t e s c o m p u te r ; m a k e s a d ju stm e n ts to c o m p u te r to c o r r e c t o p e r a tin g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ja l c o n d itio n s ; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m ade d u rin g o p e r a tio n and d e t e r m in e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b le m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a in ta in s o p e r a tin g r e c o r d s. M ay te s t and a s s is t in c o r r e c t in g p r o g r a m. fo llo w s : F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s, c o m p u te r o p e r a t o r s a re c la s s ifie d as C la s s A. O p e r a te s in d e p e n d e n tly, o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n, a c o m p u te r ru nning p r o g r a m s ' w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : N ew p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n tly te s te d and in tr o d u c e d ; sch e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n ts a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r ta n c e to m in im iz e d o w n tim e ; the p r o g r a m s a re o f c o m p le x d e s ig n s o that id e n tific a tio n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o fte n r e q u ir e s a w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f the to ta l p r o g r a m, and a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s m a y not be a v a ila b le. M a y g iv e d ir e c t io n and g u id a n ce to lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s. C la s s B. O p e r a te s in d e p e n d e n tly, o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n, a c o m p u te r ru nning p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : M o s t o f the p r o g r a m s a r e e s ta b lis h e d p r o d u c tio n r u n s, ty p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; th e r e is little o r no te s tin g o f n ew p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d ; a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r ig in a l p r o g r a m n e e d s m a jo r ch a n g e o r ca n n o t be c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b ly s h o rt t im e. In c o m m o n e r r o r s itu a tio n s, d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c tio n. T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t iv e s te p s, o r u sin g sta n d a rd c o r r e c t i o n te c h n iq u e s. OR O p e r a te s u n d e r d ir e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n ts o f p r o g r a m s w ith the c h a r a c t e r is t ic s d e s c r ib e d f o r c l a s s A. M ay a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r by in d e p e n d e n tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta sk s a s s ig n e d, and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s t r u c tio n s and w ith fr e q u e n t r e v ie w o f o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d. C la s s C. W o rk s on rou tin e p r o g r a m s u n d er c l o s e s u p e r v is io n. Is e x p e c te d to d e v e lo p w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f the c o m p u te r eq u ip m en t u se d and a b ility to d e te c t p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in running ro u tin e p r o g r a m s. U s u a lly has r e c e iv e d s o m e f o r m a l tr a in in g in c o m p u te r o p e r a t io n. M ay a s s is t h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a t o r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s. D R A F T E R C la s s A. P la n s the g ra p h ic p r e s e n ta tio n o f c o m p le x it e m s h av in g d is t in c tiv e d e s ig n fe a t u r e s that d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly fr o m e s ta b lis h e d d r a ftin g p r e c e d e n t s. W o rk s in c lo s e su p p o rt w ith th e d e s ig n o r ig in a to r, and m a y r e c o m m e n d m in o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s. A n a ly z e s the e ffe c t o f ea ch ch a n ge on the d e ta ils o f f o r m, fu n c tio n, and p o s it io n a l r e la tio n s h ip s o f c o m p o n e n ts and p a r t s. W o rk s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is t a n c e. C o m p le te d w o r k is r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r ig in a to r fo r c o n s is t e n c y w ith p r io r e n g in e e r in g d e t e r m in a tio n s. M a y e ith e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s o r d ir e c t th e ir p r e p a r a tio n b y lo w e r le v e l d r a ft e r s.

18 DRA F T E R C on tin ued C la s s B. P e r fo r m s n on ro u tin e and c o m p le x d r a ftin g a s s ig n m e n ts that r e q u ir e the a p p lic a tio n o f m o s t o f the sta n d a rd iz e d d raw in g te c h n iq u e s r e g u la r ly u s e d. D u ties t y p ic a lly in v o lv e su ch w o rk a s : P r e p a r e s w o rk in g d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith ir r e g u la r s h a p e s, m u ltip le fu n c tio n s, and p r e c is e p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n ts ; p r e p a r e s a r c h ite c t u r a l d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c tio n o f a b u ild in g in clu d in g d e ta il d r a w in g s o f fo u n d a tio n s, w a ll s e c t io n s, f lo o r p la n s, and r o o f. U ses a c c e p te d fo r m u la s and m a n u a ls in making n e c e s s a r y co m p u ta tio n s to d e te r m in e q u a n titie s o f m a t e r ia ls to be u s e d, lo a d c a p a c it ie s, s tr e n g th s, s t r e s s e s, e tc. R e c e iv e s in itia l in s t r u c tio n s, r e q u ir e m e n ts, and a d v ic e fr o m s u p e r v is o r. C o m p le te d w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r te c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y. C la s s C. P r e p a r e s d e ta il d r a w in g s o f s in g le u nits o r p a rts fo r e n g in e e r in g, c o n s t r u c tio n, m a n u fa ctu rin g, o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s. T y p e s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in clu d e is o m e t r ic p r o je c t io n s (d e p ic tin g th r e e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a te s c a le ) and s e c tio n a l v ie w s to c la r i f y p o s itio n in g o f co m p o n e n ts and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a tio n. C o n s o lid a te s d e ta ils fr o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s and a d ju s ts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d. S u g g ested m e th o d s o f a p p r o a c h, a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n ts, and a d v ic e on s o u r c e m a t e r ia ls a r e g iv en w ith in itia l a s s ig n m e n ts. In s tru c tio n s a r e l e s s c o m p le t e w hen a s s ig n m e n ts r e c u r. W ork m a y be s p o t -c h e c k e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s. D R A F T E R -T R A C E R C o p ie s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d by o th e r s by p la c in g tr a c in g c lo th o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and tr a c in g w ith p en o r p e n c il. (D o e s not in clu d e tr a c in g lim ite d to p la n s p r im a r ily c o n s is t in g o f stra ig h t lin e s and a la r g e s c a le not r e q u ir in g c l o s e d e lin e a tio n.) A N D /O R E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N C on tin u ed T h is c la s s ific a t io n e x c lu d e s r e p a ir e r s o f su ch sta n d a rd e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t as c o m m o n o f fic e m a c h in e s and h o u s e h o ld r a d io and t e le v is io n s e ts ; p r o d u c tio n a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y duty is s e r v ic in g e le c t r o n ic t e s t in s tru m e n ts ; te c h n ic ia n s w ho h av e a d m in is tra tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y ; and d r a ft e r s, d e s ig n e r s, and p r o fe s s io n a l e n g in e e r s. P o s it io n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s. C la s s A. A p p lie s a d v a n ce d t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e u n u su a lly c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i.e., th o s e that ty p ic a lly ca n n ot be s o lv e d s o le ly by r e f e r e n ce to m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s im ila r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o rk in g on e l e c tr o n ic e q u ip m e n t. E x a m p le s o f su ch p r o b le m s in c lu d e lo c a t io n and d e n s ity o f c i r c u i t r y, e le c t r o m a g n e t ic r a d ia tio n, is o la tin g m a lfu n c t io n s, and fre q u e n t e n g in e e r in g c h a n g e s. W ork in v o lv e s : A d e ta ile d u n d e rsta n d in g o f the in t e r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s in g in d ep en d en t ju d g m e n t in p e r fo r m in g su ch ta s k s as m a k in g c ir c u it a n a ly s e s, c a lc u la tin g w a v e f o r m s, tr a c in g r e la t io n sh ip s in s ig n a l flo w ; and r e g u la r ly u sin g c o m p le x te s t in s tru m e n ts ( e.g., du al t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s, Q - m e t e r s, d e v ia tio n m e t e r s, p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ). W o rk m a y be r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n tly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p te d p r a c t i c e s. M ay p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n ce to lo w e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s. C la s s B. A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i. e., th o s e that t y p ic a lly ca n be s o lv e d s o le ly b y p r o p e r ly in te r p r e tin g m a n u fa c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s im ila r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o rk in g on e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s : A fa m ilia r it y w ith the in t e r r e la t io n sh ip s o f c ir c u it s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e te r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e le c t in g t o o ls and te s tin g in s t r u m e n ts, u s u a lly l e s s c o m p le x than th o s e u s e d b y the c la s s A te c h n ic ia n. P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e titiv e d r a w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d it e m s. W ork is c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s. E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N W o rk s on v a r io u s ty p e s o f e le c t r o n ic eq u ip m e n t and r e la te d d e v ic e s b y p e r fo r m in g on e o r a c o m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : In sta llin g, m a in ta in in g, r e p a ir in g, o v e r h a u lin g, tr o u b le s h o o tin g, m o d ify in g, c o n s tru c tin g, and te s tin g. W ork r e q u ir e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a tio n o f t e c h n ic a l' k n o w le d g e o f e le c t r o n ic s p r in c ip le s, a b ility to d e te r m in e m a lfu n c tio n s, and s k ill to put eq u ip m en t in r e q u ir e d o p e r a tin g c o n d itio n. T h e eq u ip m e n t c o n s is t in g o f e ith e r m a n y d iffe r e n t k in d s o f c ir c u it s o r m u ltip le r e p e titio n o f the s a m e kind o f c ir c u it in c lu d e s, but is not lim ite d to, the fo llo w in g : (a) E le c t r o n ic tr a n s m ittin g and r e c e iv in g e q u ip m en t ( e.g., r a d a r, r a d io, t e l e v is io n, te le p h o n e, s o n a r, n a v ig a tio n a l a id s ), (b) d ig ita l and a n a log c o m p u t e r s, and (c ) in d u s t r ia l and m e d ic a l m e a s u r in g and c o n tr o llin g eq u ip m e n t. R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e, as r e q u ir e d, fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n, and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c ific c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p te d p r a c t ic e s and w o r k a s s ig n m e n t s. M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n ce to lo w e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n s. C la s s C. A p p lie s w o r k in g t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to p e r fo r m s im p le o r rou tin e ta s k s in w o r k in g on e l e c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t, fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s t r u c tio n s w h ich c o v e r v ir t u a lly a ll p r o c e d u r e s. W o rk t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s su ch ta s k s a s : A s s is t in g h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n s b y p e r fo r m in g su ch a c t iv it ie s as r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n ts, w ir in g c i r c u i t s, and ta k in g te s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g t o o ls and c o m m o n te s t 'in s t r u m e n t s ( e.g., m u lt im e t e r s, a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s, tu b e t e s t e r s, o s c i l l o s c o p e s ). Is not r e q u ir e d to b e fa m ilia r w ith th e in te r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s. T h is k n o w le d g e, h o w e v e r, m a y be a c q u ir e d th rou g h a s s ig n m e n ts d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e c o m p e te n c e (in clu d in g c l a s s r o o m tr a in in g ) so that w o r k e r ca n a d v a n ce to h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n. R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e, as r e q u ir e d, fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n. W o rk is ty p ic a lly sp ot c h e c k e d, but is g iv e n d e ta ile d r e v ie w w hen n e w o r a d v a n ce d a s s ig n m e n ts a r e in v o lv e d.

19 R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSE R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSE- on tin ued A r e g is t e r e d n u r s e w ho g iv e s n u rsin g s e r v ic e u n d er g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c t io n to i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w ho b e c o m e i l l o r s u ffe r an a c c id e n t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c t o r y o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u tie s in v o lv e a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t aid to the i l l o r in ju r e d ; atten d in g to su b seq u en t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a tie n ts tr e a te d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s fo r c o m p e n s a tio n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s is t in g in p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s and h ealth e v a lu a tio n s o f a p p lic a n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and plan nin g and c a r r y in g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h ealth e d u c a tio n, a c c id e n t p r e v e n tio n, e v a lu a tio n o f plant e n v iro n m e n t, o r o th e r a c tiv itie s a ffe c tin g the h ealth, w e lfa r e, and s a fe ty o f a ll p e r s o n n e l. N u rsin g s u p e r v is o r s o r head n u r s e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d. MAINTENANCE, TOOLROOM, AND POWERPLANT M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R P e r fo r m s the c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and eq u ip m en t su ch as b in s, c r i b s, c o u n t e r s, b e n c h e s, p a r t itio n s, d o o r s, f l o o r s, s t a ir s, c a s in g s, and t r im m a d e o f w o o d in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k fr o m b lu e p r in ts, d r a w in g s, m o d e ls, o r v e r b a l in s t r u c tio n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d to o ls, p o r ta b le p o w e r t o o l s, and sta n d a rd m e a s u r in g in s tru m e n ts ; m a k in g sta n d a rd shop co m p u ta tio n s re la tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k. In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f the m a in te n a n ce c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N P e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l tr a d e fu n c tio n s such a s the in s t a l la tio n, m a in te n a n c e, o r r e p a ir o f eq u ip m en t f o r the g e n e r a tio n, d is trib u tio n, o r u tiliz a tio n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : In sta llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie ty o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t su ch a s g e n e r a t o r s, t r a n s fo r m e r s, s w itc h b o a r d s, c o n t r o l l e r s, c ir c u it b r e a k e r s, m o t o r s, h eatin g u n its, con d u it s y s te m s, o r oth e r t r a n s m is s io n e q u ip m e n t; w o rk in g fr o m b lu e p r in ts, d r a w in g s, la y o u ts, o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a tio n s ; lo c a tin g and d ia g n o s in g tr o u b le in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s te m o r e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g sta n d a rd co m p u ta tio n s re la tin g to loa d r e q u ir e m e n ts o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r i c i a n 's h a n d to o ls and m e a s u r in g and te s tin g in s tru m e n ts. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n ce e le c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a lls, w o o d w o r k, and fix tu r e s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r fa c e p e c u lia r it ie s and ty p e s o f p ain t r e q u ir e d f o r d iffe r e n t a p p lic a tio n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r fa c e fo r p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld fin is h o r b y p la c in g putty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s and i n t e r s t ic e s ; and a p p ly in g p ain t w ith s p r a y gun o r b ru sh. M ay m ix c o l o r s, o i l s, w h ite le a d, and o th e r p ain t in g r e d ie n ts to o b ta in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s is t e n c y. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n ce p a in te r r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IST P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r ts and n ew p a r ts in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f m e t a l p a rts o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m en t o p e r a te d in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In te rp re tin g w r itte n in s tru c tio n s and s p e c i fic a t io n s ; p la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c is io n m e a s u r in g in s tru m e n ts ; se ttin g up and o p e r a tin g sta n d a rd m a ch in e t o o l s ; shaping o f m e ta l p a r ts to c l o s e t o le r a n c e s ; m a k in g sta n d a rd sh op c o m p u ta tio n s r e la tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k, to o lin g, fe e d s, and s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r t ie s o f the c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c t in g sta n d a rd m a t e r ia ls, p a r t s, and eq u ip m en t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ; and fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a r ts in to m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l, the m a c h in is t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a rou n d ed tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t ic e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a ch in e ry ) R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m en t o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is m a n tlin g o r p a r tly d is m a n tlin g m a c h in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the u se o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g and fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e fe c t iv e p a rts w ith ite m s o b ta in e d fr o m s to c k ; o r d e r in g the p r o d u c tio n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a rt by a m a c h in e sh op o r sen d in g the. m a ch in e to a m a ch in e sh op f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w r itte n s p e c ific a t io n s f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r f o r the p r o d u c tio n o f p a r ts o r d e r e d fr o m m a ch in e sh o p s ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts f o r o p e r a t io n. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y m a in te n a n ce m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e. E x c lu d e d fr o m th is c la s s ific a t io n a re w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u ties in v o lv e se ttin g up o r a d ju stin g m a c h in e s. M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o to r V e h ic le s ) R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s, b u s e s, m o t o r t r u c k s, and t r a c t o r s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; E x a m in in g a u to m o tiv e e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g eq u ip m en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the u se o f su ch h a n d to o ls as w r e n c h e s, g a u g e s, d r ills, o r s p e c ia liz e d e q u ip m e n t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b ro k e n o r d e fe c t iv e p a r ts fr o m s to c k ; g rin d in g and a d ju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in s ta llin g the v a r io u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n ts ; and a lig n in g w h e e ls, a d ju stin g b r a k e s and lig h ts, o r tig h ten in g b od y bo-lts. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h ic le m a in te n a n ce m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. 17

20 M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o to r V e h ic le s ) C on tin u ed M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R ( T o o lr o o m ) T h is c la s s ific a t io n d o e s n ot in clu d e m e c h a n ic s w ho r e p a ir c u s t o m e r s ' v e h ic le s in a u to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s. M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R In s ta lls o r r e p a ir s w a te r, ste a m, g a s, o r o th e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : L a y in g out w o r k and m e a s u r in g to lo c a t e p o s itio n o f p ip e fr o m d r a w in g s o r o th e r w r itte n s p e c ific a t io n s ; cu ttin g v a r io u s s iz e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t len g th s w ith c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e ty le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t tin g m a c h in e s ; th re a d in g p ip e w ith s to c k s and d ie s ; ben d in g p ip e by h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith co u p lin g s and fa ste n in g p ip e to h a n g e r s ; m a k in g sta n d a rd sh op co m p u ta tio n s r e la tin g to p r e s s u r e s, flo w, and s iz e o f p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g sta n d a rd te s t s to d e te r m in e w h e th e r fin is h e d p ip e s m e e t s p e c ific a t io n s. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n ce p ip e fitte r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. W o r k e r s p r im a r ily e n g a g e d in in s ta llin g and r e p a ir in g b p ild in g sa n ita tio n o r h eatin g s y s te m s a r e e x c lu d e d. M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R F a b r ic a t e s, in s t a lls, and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir the s h e e t -m e ta l eq u ip m e n t and fix tu r e s (su c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s, g r e a s e p a n s, s h e lv e s, lo c k e r s, ta n k s, v e n t ila t o r s, c h u te s, d u c ts, m e ta l r o o fin g ) o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out a ll ty p e s o f s h e e t -m e ta l m a in te n a n ce w o r k fr o m b lu e p r in ts, m o d e ls, o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a tio n s ; se ttin g up and o p e r a tin g a ll a v a ila b le ty p e s o f s h e e t -m e ta l w o r k in g m a c h in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d to o ls in cu ttin g, b en d in g, fo r m in g, sh a p in g, fittin g, and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s ta llin g s h e e t -m e t a l a r t i c le s as r e q u ir e d. In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n ce s h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M IL L W R IG H T In s ta lls n ew m a c h in e s o r h eavy e q u ip m e n t, and d is m a n tle s and in s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w hen c h a n g e s in the p lan t la y ou t a r e r e q u ir e d. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; P lan n in g and la y in g out w o r k ; in te r p r e tin g b lu e p r in ts o r o th e r s p e c ific a t io n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h an d - t o o ls and r ig g in g ; m a k in g sta n d a rd sh op c o m p u ta tio n s re la tin g to s t r e s s e s, stre n g th o f m a t e r ia ls, and c e n t e r s o f g r a v ity ; a lig n in g and b a la n cin g e q u ip m e n t; s e le c t in g sta n d a rd t o o l s, e q u ip m e n t, and p a r ts to be u se d ; and in s ta llin g and m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m is s io n eq u ip m en t su ch as d r iv e s and sp e e d r e d u c e r s. In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in the tr a d e a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R A s s is t s on e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s, by p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k ill, su ch as k e e p in g a w o r k e r su p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o rk in g a r e a, m a c h in e, and e q u ip m e n t; a s s is t in g jo u r n e y m a n b y h old in g m a t e r ia ls o r t o o l s ; and p e r fo r m in g o th e r u n s k ille d ta s k s a s d ir e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n. T he kind o f w o rk the h e lp e r is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m tr a d e to tr a d e : In so m e tr a d e s th e h e lp e r is co n fin e d to s u p p ly in g, liftin g, and h old in g m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s, and c le a n in g w o rk in g a r e a s ; and in o th e r s he is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s, o r p a r ts o f a tr a d e that a r e a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is. S p e c ia liz e s in th e o p e r a tio n o f on e o r m o r e ty p e s o f m a ch in e t o o l s, su ch as jig b o r e r s, c y li n d r ic a l o r s u r fa c e g r in d e r s ; e n g in e la th e s ; o r m illin g m a c h in e s, in the c o n s t r u c tio n o f m a c h in e -s h o p to o ls-, g a u g e s, ji g s, fix tu r e s, o r d ie s. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a ch in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s in g it e m s r e q u ir in g c o m p lic a t e d setu p s o r a h igh d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f p r e c is io n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; s e le c t in g fe e d s, s p e e d s, to o lin g, and o p e r a tio n s e q u e n c e ; and m akin g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts d u rin g o p e r a tio n to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite t o le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s. M ay b e r e q u ir e d to r e c o g n iz e w hen t o o ls n eed d r e s s in g, to d r e s s t o o l s, and to s e le c t p r o p e r c o o la n ts and cu ttin g and lu b r ic a tin g o ils. F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s, m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s (to o lr o o m ) in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g sh op s a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m th is c la s s ific a t io n. T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R C o n s tr u c ts and r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o l s, g a u g e s, ji g s, fix tu r e s o r d ie s f o r f o r g in g s, p u n ch in g, and o th e r m e t a l-fo r m in g w o r k. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; P la n n in g and la y in g out w o r k a c c o r d in g to m o d e ls, b lu e p r in ts, d r a w in g s, o r o th e r o r a l and w r itte n s p e c ific a t io n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c is io n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; u n d e rsta n d in g o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r t ie s o f c o m m o n m e ta ls and a llo y s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a tin g o f m a ch in e t o o ls and r e la te d eq u ip m e n t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y sh op co m p u ta tio n s re la tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k, s p e e d s, fe e d s, and to o lin g o f m a c h in e s ; h e a t-tre a tin g o f m e t a l p a r ts d u rin g fa b r ic a tio n as w e ll as o f fin is h e d t o o l s and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s ; w o rk in g to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a r ts to p r e s c r ib e d t o le r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s ; and s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia te m a t e r ia ls, t o o l s, and p r o c e s s e s. In g e n e r a l, the t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u ir e s a rou n d ed tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e. F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s, t o o l and d ie m a k e r s in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g sh o p s a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m th is c la s s ific a t io n. S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN E E R O p e r a te s and m a in ta in s and 'm a y a ls o s u p e r v is e the o p e r a tio n o f s ta tio n a r y e n g in e s and eq u ip m e n t (m e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r ic a l) to su p p ly the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r, h eat, r e fr ig e r a t io n, o r a i r - c o n d itio n in g. W ork in v o lv e s : O p e ra tin g and m a in ta in in g eq u ip m en t such as ste a m e n g in e s, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s, g e n e r a t o r s, m o t o r s, tu r b in e s, v e n tila tin g and r e fr ig e r a t in g e q u ip m e n t, ste a m b o ile r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a te r p u m p s; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a ir s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a tio n o f m a c h in e r y, te m p e r a t u r e, and fu e l c o n s u m p tio n. M ay a ls o s u p e r v is e th e se o p e r a t io n s. H ead o r c h ie f e n g in e e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e e n g in e e r a r e e x c lu d e d. B O IL E R T E N D E R F ir e s s ta tio n a r y b o ile r s to fu r n is h the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith h e a t, p o w e r, o r s te a m. F e e d s fu e ls to f ir e by hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r, g a s, o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a te r and s a fe ty v a lv e s. M a y c le a n, o i l, o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o ile r r o o m eq u ip m e n t.

21 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL T R U C K D R IV E R D r iv e s a tr u c k w ith in a c ity o r in d u s tria l a r e a to tr a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s, m e r c h a n d is e, e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b etw een v a r io u s ty p e s o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts su ch a s : M a n u fa ctu rin g p la n ts, fr e ig h t d e p o ts, w a r e h o u s e s, w h o le s a le and r e ta il e s ta b lis h m e n ts, o r b e tw e e n retail e s ta b lis h m e n ts and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s. M ay a ls o lo a d o r u n loa d tr u c k w ith o r w ith ou t h e lp e r s, m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a ir s, and k eep tr u c k in g o o d working o r d e r. S a le s -r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d. F o r w a ge study p u r p o s e s, tr u c k d r iv e r s a re c la s s ifie d by s iz e and ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t, as fo llo w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r sh ou ld be ra te d on the b a s is o f t r a i le r c a p a c it y.) T r u c k d r iv e r, lig h t tr u c k (u n d er IV 2 to n s) T r u c k d r iv e r, m e d iu m tr u c k (1 V2 to and in clu d in g 4 to n s) T r u c k d r iv e r, h eavy tr u c k (t r a ile r ) (o v e r 4 ton s) T r u c k d r iv e r, h eavy tr u c k (o th e r than t r a i le r ) (o v e r 4 to n s) SH IPPIN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e fo r sh ip m e n t, o r r e c e iv e s and is r e s p o n s ib le f o r in c o m in g sh ip m e n ts o f m e r c h a n d is e o r o th e r m a t e r ia ls. S hipping w o rk in v o lv e s : A k n o w le d g e o f sh ip p in g p r o c e d u r e s, p r a c t i c e s, r o u te s, a v a ila b le m e a n s o f tr a n s p o r ta tio n, and r a te s ; and p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f the g o o d s sh ip p e d, m a k in g up b ills o f la d in g, p o s tin g w eig h t and sh ip p in g c h a r g e s, and k e e p in g a file o f sh ip p in g r e c o r d s. M ay d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p r e p a r in g the m e r c h a n d is e fo r sh ip m e n t. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s : V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g o th e r s in v e r ify in g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f sh ip m e n ts a g a in st b ills o f la d in g, i n v o ic e s, o r o th e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g fo r s h o r ta g e s and r e je c t in g d a m a g e d g o o d s ; rou tin g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r ia ls to p r o p e r d e p a r tm e n ts ; and m a in ta in in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f ile s. F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s, w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : Shipping c le r k R e c e iv in g c le r k S hipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k W A R E H O U SE M A N A s d ir e c t e d, p e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u ties w h ich r e q u ir e an u n d e rsta n d in g o f the e s ta b lis h m e n t's s to r a g e p la n. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : V e r ify in g m a t e r ia ls (o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in st r e c e iv in g d o c u m e n ts, n otin g and r e p o r tin g d is c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; rou tin g m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r ib e d s to r a g e lo c a t io n s ; s to r in g, sta ck in g, o r p a lle tiz in g m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r ib e d s to r a g e m e th o d s ; r e a r r a n g in g and taking in v e n to r y o f s to r e d m a t e r ia ls ; e x a m in in g s to r e d m a t e r ia ls and r e p o r tin g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l fr o m s to r a g e and p r e p a r in g it fo r sh ip m e n t. M ay o p e r a te hand o r p o w e r tr u c k s in p e r fo r m in g w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s. W A R E H O U SE M A N C on tin u ed E x clu d e w o r k e r s w h o se p r im a r y d u tie s in v o lv e sh ip pin g and r e c e iv in g w o r k (s e e S hipping and R e c e iv in g C le r k and S hipping P a c k e r ), o r d e r fillin g (s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ), o r o p e r a tin g p o w e r tr u c k s (s e e P o w e r -T r u c k O p e r a t o r ). O R D E R F IL L E R F ills sh ip p in g o r t r a n s fe r o r d e r s fo r fin is h e d g o o d s fr o m s to r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c ific a t io n s on s a le s s lip s, c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s, o r o th e r in s t r u c tio n s. M a y, in a d d ition to fillin g o r d e r s and in d i ca tin g it e m s fille d o r o m itte d, k e e p r e c o r d s o f ou tg oin g o r d e r s, r e q u is itio n a d d itio n a l s to ck o r r e p o r t s h o rt s u p p lie s to s u p e r v is o r, and p e r fo r m oth e r r e la te d d u tie s. SH IPPIN G P A C K E R P r e p a r e s fin is h e d p r o d u c ts f o r sh ip m en t o r s to r a g e by p la cin g th em in sh ip p in g c o n ta in e r s, the s p e c ific o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d b ein g d ep en d en t upon the ty p e, s iz e, and n u m b e r o f u nits to b e p a c k e d, the ty p e o f c o n ta in e r e m p lo y e d, and m e th o d o f sh ip m e n t. W ork r e q u ir e s the p la cin g o f it e m s in sh ip p in g c o n ta in e r s and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : K n ow led g e o f v a r io u s ite m s o f s to c k in o r d e r to v e r ify co n te n t; s e le c t io n o f a p p r o p r ia te ty p e and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r ; in s e r tin g e n c lo s u r e s in c o n ta in e r ; u sin g e x c e l s i o r o r o th e r m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s in g and s e a lin g c o n ta in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n te rin g id e n tify in g data on c o n ta in e r. P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a re e x c lu d e d. M A T E R IA L H A N D LIN G L A B O R E R A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e, m a n u fa ctu rin g plan t, s t o r e, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : L oa d in g and u n loa d in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s, tr u c k s, o r o th e r tr a n s p o r tin g d e v ic e s ; u n p a ck in g, s h e lv in g, o r p la cin g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s to r a g e lo c a t io n ; and tr a n s p o r tin g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e by h a n d tru ck, c a r, o r w h e e lb a r r o w. L o n g s h o r e w o r k e r s, w ho lo a d and u n load s h ip s, a r e e x c lu d e d. P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R O p e r a te s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e l e c t r ic - p o w e r e d tr u c k o r t r a c t o r to tr a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in ds about a w a r e h o u s e, m a n u fa ctu rin g p la n t, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. F o r w age study p u r p o s e s, w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d by ty p e o f p o w e r - tr u c k, as fo llo w s : F o r k lift o p e r a t o r P o w e r -t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o th e r than fo r k lift) 19

22 G U A R D A N D W A T C H M A N G u a r d. P e r fo r m s ro u tin e p o lic e d u tie s, e ith e r at fix e d p o s t o r on t o u r, m a in ta in in g o r d e r, u sin g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y. In clu d e s g u a rd s w ho a r e sta tio n e d at gate and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e r s o n s e n te r in g. W a tch m a n. M a k es ro u n d s o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a lly in p r o te c tin g p r o p e r t y a g a in st f i r e, th e ft, and ille g a l e n try. J A N IT O R, P O R T E R, OR C L E A N E R C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r ly co n d itio n fa c t o r y w o rk in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s, o r p r e m is e s o f an o f f i c e, a p a rtm e n t h o u s e, o r c o m m e r c ia l o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : S w e e p in g, m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g, and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s, tr a s h, and o th e r r e fu s e ; d u stin g e q u ip m e n t, fu r n itu r e, o r fix t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e ta l fix tu r e s o r tr im m in g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m in o r m a in te n a n ce s e r v i c e s ; and cle a n in g la v a t o r ie s, s h o w e r s, and r e s t r o o m s. W o r k e r s w ho s p e c ia liz e in w in d ow w a sh in g a r e e x c lu d e d. 2 0

23 Area Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory of area wage studies including m ore limited studies conducted at the request ot tne Employment Standards Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor is available on request, on the back cover or from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Bulletins may be purchased from any of the BLS regional offices shown Washington, D.C Area Bulletin number and price* Area Bulletin number and price* A k ron, O hio, D e c , 45 cents Albany Schenectady T r o y, N.Y., Sept. 1975* , $ Anaheim Santa Ana -G arden Grove, C alif., Oct. 1975* , 85 cents Atlanta, Ga., M ay , 85 cents A ustin, T ex., D e c , 75 cents B a ltim o re, M d., Aug , $ B illin g s, M ont., July , 55 cents Bingham ton, N.Y«P a., July , 65 cents B irm in gham, A la., M a r. 1976* , 95 cents B oston, M a s s., Aug , $ B u ffalo, N.Y., O ct , 95 cents Canton, O hio, M ay , 55 cents Chattanooga, Tenn. G a., Sept , 85 cents C h ica g o, 111., M ay , $1.05 C incinnati, O h io-k y. Ind., M a r , 75 cents C levelan d, O hio, Sept , $ C olum bus, O hio, O ct , 95 cents C orpu s C h risti, T e x., July , 55 cents D a lla s -F o r t W orth, T e x., O ct , $1.5 0 D avenport-r ock Island M oline, Iow a -Ill., Feb , 55 cents D ayton, O hio, D e c , 45 cents D aytona B ea ch, F la., Aug , 45 cents D enver B ou ld er, C o lo., D e c , 75 cents D etroit, M ich., M a r , $ F ort Lauderdale Hollywood and W est Palm Beach - B o ca Raton, F la., A p r , 55 cents F r e s n o, C a lif., June , 55 cents G a in esv ille, F la., Sept , $ G reen Bay, W is., July , 55 cents G reensboro W inston -Salem High Point, N.C., Aug , 65 cents G reen v ille-s p a rta n b u rg, S.C., June , 85 cents H a rtford, Conn., M ar , 55 cents H ouston, T e x., A p r , 85 cents H untsville, A la., F e b , 55 cents Indianap olis, Ind., O ct * , 95 cents J a ck son, M is s., F e b , 55 cents J a ck son v ille, F la., D ec , 45 cents K ansas C ity, M o^-k ans., Sept , 80 cents Lexington F a y ette, K y., N ov , 75 cents L o s A n geles Long B ea ch, C a lif., O ct , $ L o u is v ille, K y, Ind., N ov , 45 cents M e lb o u rn e -T itu s v ille C o co a, F la., Aug , 65 cents M em p his, Tenn. A r k «-M is s., N ov , 45 cents M ia m i, F la., O ct , 95 cents M ilw aukee, W is., A p r , 85 cents M inneapolis St. Paul, M in n ^ W is., Jan , 95 cents N assau -S u ffoik, N.Y., June , 85 cents N ew ark, N.J., Jan , 85 cents New O rlean s, L a., Jan , 75 cents New Y o rk, N.Y.-N.J., M ay , $ Norfolk V irginia Beach -Portsm outh, V a^n.c., May , 85 cents Norfolk V irginia Beach Portsm outh and Newport News Ham pton, Va. N.C., M ay * , 85 cents N orthea st Pen nsylva nia, Aug , 65 cents O klahom a C ity, O kla., Aug , 55 cents Omaha, N ebr. Iowa, O ct , $1.1 0 P a te r s o n -C lifto n -P a s s a ic, N.J., June , 55 cents P h iladelphia, P a ^ -N.J., N ov , 85 cents P ittsb u rgh, P a., Jan * , $ P ortla n d, M aine, N ov , 45 cents P ortla n d, O reg, W ash., M ay , 75 cents P ou gh k eep sie, N.Y., June , 65 cents Poughkeepsie-K ingston -N ew burgh, N.Y., June , 75 cents Providence Warwick Pawtucket, R.I^ M a ss., June , 75 cents R a leigh D urham, N.C., F e b , 55 cents R ichm ond, V a., June , 65 cents St. L o u is, M o.-111., M a r , $ S acram ento, C a lif., D e c , 45 cents Saginaw, M ich., N ov , 35 cents Salt Lake City O gden, Utah, N ov , 75 cents San Antonio, T e x., M ay , 65 cents San D iego, C a lif., N ov , 45 cents San F r a n cis c o Oakland, C a lif., M ar , 95 cents San J o s e, C a lif., M ar , 75 cents Seattle E v erett, W ash., Jan , 65 cents South Bend, Ind., M a r , 55 cents Stam ford, C on n., M ay 1976* , 85 cents S y ra cu se, N.Y., July , 55 cents T o le d o, O h io -M ich., M ay , 55 cents T renton, N.J., Sept , $ U tica -R o m e, N.Y., July 1975* , 80 cents W ashington, D.C. M d.-v a., M ar , 85 cents W e stch e ste r County, N.Y., M ay , 80 cents W ich ita, K a n s., A p r , 55 cents W o r c e s te r, M a s s., A p r , 55 cents Y o rk, P a., F eb , 55 cents * Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. 1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.

24 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor Third Class Mail Lab-441 Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices R e g io n I 1603 J F K F e d e ra l B u ild in g G o v e rn m e n t C e n te r B o s to n, M a ss P h o n e : (A re a C o d e 617) R e g io n II S u ite B ro a d w a y N e w Y o rk, N.Y P h o n e : (A rea C o d e 212) R e g io n III 3535 M arket Street, P.O. B ox P h ila delp hia, Pa P h o n e : (A re a C o d e 215) R e g io n IV S u ite P eachtree S t., N.E. A tla nta, Ga P h o n e : (A re a C o d e 404) C o n n e c tic u t M a in e M a s s a c h u s e tts N e w H a m p s h ire R h o d e Is la n d V e rm o n t N e w J e rs e y N e w Y o rk P u e rto R ic o V irg in Islands D e la w a re D istrict of C olum bia M a ry la n d P e n n s y lv a n ia V irg in ia W e s t V irg in ia A la b a m a F lo rid a G e o rg ia K e n tu c k y M is s is s ip p i N o rth C a ro lin a S o u th C a ro lin a T e n n e s s e e R egion V.Region VI R egions V II and V III R egions IX and X 9th Floor, 230 S. Dearborn St. Second Floor Federal O ffice B u ild ing 450 G olden G a te Ave. C hicago, III G riffin Square B u ild in g 911 W alnut St., 15th Floor Box Phone: (Area Code 312) D allas, Tex Kansas C ity, Mo San Francisco, C a lif P h o n e : (A re a C o d e 214) P h o n e : (A re a C o d e 816) P h o n e : (A re a C o d e I llin o is Indiana Arkansas V II V III IX X M ichigan Louisiana Iowa C olorado A rizona Alaska M in n e s o ta N e w M e x ic o K a n sa s M o n ta n a C a lifo r n ia Id a h o O h io O k la h o m a M is s o u ri N o rth D a k o ta H a w a ii O re g o n W is c o n s in Texas N e bra ska S o u th D a kota N evada W a s h in g to n U ta h W y o m in g