Reconstruction of. events in LHCb. Benjamin Carron
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1 Reconstruction of B s J/ψ η, η c φ, J/ψ φ events in LHCb Benjamin Carron sanne Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 Physics Motivations Selection Procedure B s Channels analysis Selection Cuts Mass and Proper Time Resolutions B/S Ratios Annual Signal Yields Conclusion Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (1) Benjamin C
2 Physics Motivations CP violation studies can provide a profound understanding of quark flavour physics in the framework of the Standard Model (SM) and may reveal a sign of the physics beyond! An outstanding role is played by Bs mesons decays into CP eigenstates (caused by b ccs transitions), such as Bs J/ψ η, B s η c φ, Bs J/ψ φ. Physics model: b B s s W + c c s s J/ψ η c φ η Quark transition b ccs dominated by only one CKM amplitude penguins are negligible No CP-violation in the decay amplitude Easy channels to look for CP-violation Bs decays into pure CP-even eigenstates for J/ψ η and η c φ Bs decays into an admixture of CP eigenstates for J/ψ φ an angular analysis is required (dilutes the asymmetry) Physics motivations: Measure the B s weak mixing phase φ s arg (V ts V tb) - expected O(.4) in SM Extract B s B s mixing parameters M s and Γ s Larger value of φ s would be a clear signal for contributions from new physics... Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 () Benjamin C
3 Decay Channels B s J/ψ (µ+ µ ) η (γγ) IP B Primary vertex B s IP mu J/ψ η vertex µ µ + γ γ J/ψ η B s η c (πk, 4π) φ (K + K ) Primary vertex B s η c φ vertex K φ K + B s J/ψ (µ + µ ) φ (K + K ) π + Primary vertex B s J/ψ φ vertex µ µ + J/ψ π π + η c K + φ π K Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (3) Benjamin C
4 Selection - Particle Identification A good particle identification is required in the decay reconstruction difference in log-likelihood between the particles hypotheses ln L Kπ = ln L K ln L π ln L µπ = ln L µ ln L π 1 (a) kaons All tracks p < 5 GeV/c 1 (a) muons 5 5 Entries 4 (b) pions Entries 75 (b) pions ln L Kπ ln L Kπ from the RICH system for (a) kaons and (b) pions ln L µπ ln L µπ from the Muon Detector system for (a) muons and (b) pions. Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (4) Benjamin C
5 Selection - Resonances Reconstruction Combination of final decay products (µ, µ +, γ, K +,...) to a common vertex to form the resonances of interest (J/ψ, η, η c, φ,...) Reconstructed J/ψ Reconstructed η ) Entries / (4 MeV/c 5 15 σ = 1 MeV/c ) Entries / (4 MeV/c 14 σ = 15 MeV/c [GeV/c m J/ψ ] [MeV/c ] m η The last step of the selection consists in combining the resonances to form the B s particles Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (5) Benjamin C
6 First example of cut, after a loose selection B s η c (π + π K + K ) φ (K + K ) η c daughters largest IP/σ IP > 5.5 B s η c (π + π K + K ) φ (K + K ) B s IP/σ IP < 3.5 Entries / (.4) Solid : signal Dash-dot: combinatorial background cut: 5.5 Entries / (.) 1 Solid : signal Dash-dot: combinatorial background cut: IP / σ IP high IP / σ B IPBs s Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (6) Benjamin C
7 Second example of cut, after a loose selection B s J/ψ η B s J/ψ η P min T most energetic γ > 14[MeV/c] P min T the less energetic γ > 6 [MeV/c] Counts / (8 [MeV/c]) Solid : signal Dash : combinatorial background Counts / (3 [MeV/c]) 1 Solid : signal Dash : combinatorial background 8 8 Cut: 14 MeV/c 6 Cut: > 6 MeV/c of the most energetic γ [MeV/c] P T of the less energetic γ [MeV/c] P T Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (7) Benjamin C
8 Selection Cuts Cuts J/ψ η η c (ππkk 4π) φ J/ψ φ ln L µπ (µ +, µ ) > ln L Kπ (K +, K ) ln L πk (π +, π ) > χ (J/ψ) < 1 9 M(J/ψ) [MeV/c ] ± 5 5 χ (φ) < 14 4 P T (φ) [MeV/c] > 17 1 M(φ) [MeV/c ] ± 14 PT min (γ low, γ high ) [MeV/c] > 6, 14 Abs (p x,y (µ+, µ, γ, γ)) [MeV/c] < 8 M(η) [MeV/c ] ± 3 χ (η c ) < 11.5 P T (η c ) [MeV/c] > 45 η c daughters min IP/σ IP > η c daughters largest IP/σ IP > M(η c ) [MeV/c ] ± 6 χ (Bs) < 16 IP/σ IP (Bs) < α( p B s, L vertices ) [rad] <.5 z d /σ zd > τ/σ τ < 5 M(Bs ) [MeV/c ] ± Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (8) Benjamin C
9 Mass Resolutions (m B s = MeV/c ) Mass spectrum of the B s J/ψ η Mass spectrum of the B s η c φ ) Entries / (8 MeV/c 1 1 σ = 33. MeV/c 8 ) Entries / (8 MeV/c 1 8 σ=1.3 MeV/c m(j/ψ η) [MeV/c ] m( η c φ) [MeV/c ] B s J/ψ φ mass resolution σ = 15 MeV/c Channels with charged tracks: good Bs mass resolution Channel with γ s: larger mass spectrum width Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (9) Benjamin C
10 Proper Time Resolution B s J/ψ η Proper Time Because of the fast Bs oscillations, a very good proper time resolution needs to be achieved. Counts / (1 fs) 1 8 σ = 45. fs The proper time, τ, of the B s is given by: τ = t γ = p B s L vert m B s p B s 6 4 t the Bs lifetime in the lab, L vert the Bs decay length, m B s the mass of the Bs meson and p B s its momentum Proper time resolution [fs] The values obtained for this parameter are: Bs J/ψ η: 45. [fs] Bs η c φ: 33. [fs] Bs J/ψ φ: 38. [fs] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (1) Benjamin C
11 B/S Ratios Estimation The most dangerous source of background are bb events, i.e. events where at least a b-hadron is emitted forward in the acceptance region. For this study: O(5k) signal events were used to tune the selection for each channel, while 1M background events have been analysed. The B/S ratio depends on: the BR ( b B s) =. - probability for the b to decay into a B s, the BR channel vis - probability for the Bs and the number of selected bb events. to decay into one of the specific channels B/S 9% unified CL interval Decays BR channel vis (in 1 6 ) bb selected B/S Bs J/ψ η 7.6 [., 1.56] Bs η c φ 4.1 [.,.8] Bs J/ψ φ 31 7 [.8,.7] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (11) Benjamin C
12 Annual Signal Yield (No Tagging, No HLT, PDG 3) Average luminosoty (1 year) L int year = 1 39 cm bb production cross section σ bb = 5 µb # b b pairs L int year σ b b = 1 1 # Bs mesons (#b b) BR( b Bs ) = 1 11 # Bs J/ψ (µ+ µ ) η (γγ) (#Bs mesons) BR vis = 1.5 M # Bs η c (πk, 4π) φ (K + K ) (#Bs mesons) BR vis = 4.1 M # Bs J/ψ (µ+ µ ) φ (K + K ) (#Bs mesons) BR vis = 6. M The annual yield is calculated as: (#Bs final state ) Total efficiency Efficiencies (in %) B s J/ψ η B s η c φ B s J/ψ φ Geometrical acceptance Reconstruction Offline selection Trigger Total efficiency Annual yield [k] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (1) Benjamin C
13 Conclusion Mass resolutions Good for decays with charged and neutral final decay products (33 MeV/c ) Very good for channels with only charged final decay products (1-15 MeV/c ) Proper time resolutions Excellent resolutions (33-45 fs) needed for the CP violation study As M s = O() ps 1, the resolution are precise enough to resolve the fast B s B s oscillations. B/S estimations Good rejection of the background These selections will allow to extract the mixing parameters: Sensitivity to φ s after five years of LHCb data taking σ(φ s ).5, with φ s O(.4) in the SM (L. Fernandez talk) If φ s (and/or M s ) large compare to the SM expectations New physics (SUSY,...) Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (13) Benjamin C
14 Bkp slides BACKUP SLIDES Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (14) Benjamin C
15 Bkp: Trigger System Aim of the L trigger stage: Rate reduction from 4 MHz (detector output) to 1MHz (L1 input) The L is implemented in hardware and makes use of the muon stations, ECAL and HCAL detectors using high-p T of leptons, photons, and hadrons combined with a pile-up veto Aim of the L1 trigger stage: rate reduction from 1 MHz (L output) to 4 khz (HLT input) such that 4% of the minimum bias events are retained The L1 is implemented in software and makes use of the Velo (VErtex LOcator), TT (Trigger Tracker) detectors, and the L information Requires two tracks with high transverse momentum (p T1 and p T ) and large impact parameter for the generic algorithm Bonus: The efficiency for some benchmark specific channels such as Bd µ+ µ K, Bd K γ, Bd π+ π, Bd J/ΨK s is enhanced, based on the L information Aim of the HLT trigger stage: Final software decision on whether or not to write the event to storage ( Hz foreseen) Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (15) Benjamin C
16 Bkp: LHCb detector Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (16) Benjamin C
17 Bkp: B s J/ψ η Cut: Angle of B s Directions Counts / ( [mrad]) 1 8 Cut: < 5 mrad Solid : associated signal Dash : bb background Cut made on the angle between the direction given by the Bs decay vertex and the primary vertex and the momentum of the reconstructed B s 6 4 Bs α J/ ψ vertex µ µ+ Primary vertex γ γ (p Bs, L vertices ) [mrad] selection cut angle < 5 [mrad] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (17) Benjamin C
18 Bkp: Cut in the Transverse Plane for the B s J/ψ η In the transverse plane, wrt the Bs direction, the J/ψ and the η are emitted back to back ( ) The cut applied is: Abs p γ 1 T,i + pγ T,i + pµ+ T,i + pµ T,i < 8MeV/c, i = x, y Transverse plane p T γ1 p T γ1,γ η Counts / (5 [MeV/c]) 3 Solid : Associated signal Dash : b b background 5 Cut: Cut: > -8 MeV/c < 8 MeV/c pt γ 15 p B s p T µ1 p T µ θ γ,µ 1 p T µ1,µ J/ψ Sum of p T,y of the γ s and µ s [MeV/c] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (18) Benjamin C
19 Bkp: Presentation of this Talk s Characters B s mesons composition: B s s b composition: B s s b mass : MeV/c width : MeV/c lifetime : s J/ψ mesons composition: c c mass : MeV/c width : 87 kev/c lifetime : s η mesons composition: superposition of the η 1 and η 8 η (u u + d d + s s) η (u u + d d s s) mass : MeV/c width : 1.18 kev/c lifetime : s η c mesons composition: c c mass : MeV/c width : 16. MeV/c lifetime : s φ mesons composition: mainly s s mass : MeV/c width : 4.6 MeV/c lifetime : s π mesons composition: π + u d, π d u mass : MeV/c lifetime : s K mesons composition: K + u s, K s u mass : MeV/c lifetime : s Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (19) Benjamin C
20 Bkp: Various Track Types A shematic illustration of the various track types: long, upstream, downstream, VELO, and T tracks. For reference, the main B-field components (B y ) is plotted above as a function of the z coordinate. By [T] z [m] Upstream track TT Long track T track VELO VELO track Downstream track T1 T T3 Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 () Benjamin C
21 Bkp: Long Tracks Resolution (a) Momentum resolution with a single Gaussian fit, and (b) impact parameter precision, for B-decay tracks (Long tracks). a) σ=.37% 5 b) <δip> = 4 µm (p rec p true ) / p true IP mismatch [mm] Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 (1) Benjamin C
22 Bkp: Visible Branching Fractions (PDG 3) B s J/ψ η Taking η 1 = 1 3 uu + dd + ss instead of η8 = 1 6 uu + dd ss or superposition B s η c φ B s J/ψ φ BR ( Bs J/ψ η ) 1 J/ψ s s Heff B 3 s BR ( Bd J/ψ ) K s J/ψ d s Heff B d BR ( Bs J/ψ η ) = (.83 ±.17) 1 4 BR vis ( B s J/ψ (µ + µ ) η (γγ) ) = (7.6 ±.5) 1 6 BR ( Bs η c φ ) BR ( Bs J/ψ φ ) = BR ( B d η c K ) BR ( Bd J/ψ K ) BR ( B s J/ψ η ) = (1.31 ±.64) 1 3 BR vis ( B s η c (πk, 4π) φ (K + K ) ) = (1 ± 11) 1 6 BR ( B s J/ψ φ) = (9.3 ± 3.3) 1 4 BR vis ( B s J/ψ (µ + µ ) φ (K + K ) ) = (31 ± 11) 1 6 Neuchâtel, March 3rd, 4 Swiss Physical Society 4 () Benjamin C
Benjamin Carron Mai 3rd, 2004
Physics Motivations Reconstruction of B s J/ψ η Benjamin Carron Mai 3rd, 4 B s J/ψ (µ + µ ) η (γγ) and B s J/ψ (e + e ) η (γγ) Selection Cuts Resolutions BR of the η B/S Ratios Annual Signal Yields and
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