Midterms and finals from previous 4 years are now posted on the website (under Exams link). Check the main course website for practice problems

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1 Third WileyPlus homework set is posted Ch. 20: 90 and Ch. 21: 14,38 (Due today at 11:45 pm) Midterms and finals from previous 4 years are now posted on the website (under Exams link). Next week s lab: Wheatstone Bridge Check the main course website for practice problems Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 1

2 A magnetic field exerts a force on a wire carrying current. At the same time, a current creates a magnetic field Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 2

3 Direction of magnetic field: At a perpendicular distance r from wire, B is tangent to a circle centred on wire Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 3

4 By symmetry, B must have the same magnitude at all points on a circle of radius r. B 1 r For a long straight wire, 0I B 2r T m A permeability of free space Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 4

5 C&J Two long, straight wires are separated by m. The wires carry currents of 8.0 A in opposite directions, as the drawing indicates. Find the magnitude of the net magnetic field at the points labeled A and B Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 5

6 Since current creates a magnetic field, and a magnetic field exerts a force on a wire with current, two wires with current can exert forces on each other Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 6

7 Magnetic field at wire 2 due to wire 1 is: B I d Force per unit length on wire 2 due to wire 1: F II d Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 7

8 II Use this force to define* the ampere (unit of current) F 2 d Arrange two parallel wires to be exactly 1 m apart and have the currents in the wires be identical. Adjust the current until the force per unit length between the wires is exactly N/m. That common current is then defined to be one ampere. * international committee currently working on a new definition that doesn t involve tiny forces and infinitely long wires Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 8

9 i>clicker C&J ch 21 Conceptual Q14 Shown is an end-on view of three parallel wires that are perpendicular to the plane of the paper. In two of the wires the current is directed into the paper, while in the remaining wire the current is directed out of the paper. The two outermost wires are held rigidly in place. Which way will the middle wire move? A. To the left B. To the right C. up D. down E. It will remain at rest Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 9

10 A loop of wire Close to wire, magnetic field lines are circles around wire. At the Center of the loop, magnetic field lines are to plane of loop. Direction of B given by RHR magnitude at centre of loop: B I 0 2R R is the radius of the loop Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 10

11 C&J (8th) Two circular coils are concentric and lie in the same plane. The inner coil contains 140 turns of wire, has a radius of m, and carries a current of 7.2 A. The outer coil contains 180 turns and has a radius of m. What must be the magnitude and direction (relative to the current in the inner coil) of the current in the outer coil, so that the net magnetic field at the common center of the two coils is zero? Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 11

12 Note the similarity to a magnetic dipole: phantom bar magnet: Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 12

13 Two current loops can attract or repel each other Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 13

14 We can make a coil with many turns and send a current through it: Solenoid: Highly uniform field along the central axis inside the solenoid: B ni 0 number of turns per unit length Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 14

15 i>clicker CYU For each electromagnet at the left in the drawing, will it be attracted to or repelled from the electromagnet immediately to its right? A. (a) repel (b) attract B. (a) attract (b) repel C. (a) attract (b) attract D. (a) repel (b) repel Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 15

16 Measurement of Current and Voltage (Section 20.11) Measuring I and V: Use a galvanometer to measure current. R c G coil resistance R c of wire Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 16

17 Series and Parallel Resistor Circuits (Section 20.6) Experiment 2: Wheatstone Bridge Object: to find the dependence of the power radiated by the lamp on temperature. R 1 = variable resistor (lab pot). R x = resistance of the lamp filament. V is a voltmeter. G is a galvanometer Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 17

18 Measurement of Current and Voltage (Section 20.11) Measuring I and V: Ammeter (= galvanometer + shunt resistor) must be placed in series in the circuit. Change shunt resistor to measure larger I Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 18

19 Series and Parallel Resistor Circuits (Section 20.6) Experiment 2: Procedure: Adjust R 1 until G reads zero. Then R x RR 1 4 R 2 Power radiated by lamp = electrical power supplied to lamp. P V R 2 x Find the temperature of the filament from the resistance. R x R x 0 1 T T Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 19

20 Ampere s Law (Section 21.8) For a B that is constant in time. l B dl I Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 20

21 Ampere s Law (Section 21.8) Use Ampere s Law to obtain the magnetic field. long straight wire Know by RHR that B is tangential to circle centred on wire. B B I 0 I 0 2 r B I 0 2 r Phys 1030 General Physics II (Gericke) 21

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