Internation1al Trade
|
|
- Clement McCormick
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 4.58 International Trade Class notes on 4/8/203 The Armington Model. Equilibrium Labor endowments L i for i = ; :::n CES utility ) CES price index P = i= (w i ij ) P j n Bilateral trade ows follow gravity equation: (w i ij ) X ij = P l= (w l lj ) n w j L j In what follows " d ln Xij=Xjj = denotes the trade elasticity d ln ij Trade balance X Xji = w j L j i.2 Welfare Analysis Question: Consider a foreign shock: L i! L 0 i for i = 6 j and ij! 0 ij for i = 6 j. How do foreign shocks a ect real consumption, C j w j =P j? Shephard s Lemma implies n d ln C j = d ln w j d ln P j = P i= ij (d ln c ij d ln c jj ) with c ij w i ij and ij X ij =w j L j. Gravity implies d ln ij d ln jj = " (d ln c ij d ln c jj ) : The notes are based on lecture slides with inclusion of important insights emphasized during the class.
2 Combining these two equations yields P n i= ij (d ln ij d ln C j = " d ln jj ). Noting that P i ij = =) P i ijd ln ij = 0 then d ln C j = d ln " jj. Integrating the previous expression yields (x^ = x 0 =x) C^ j = ^ =" jj. In general, predicting ^ jj requires (computer) work We can use exact hat algebra as in DEK (Lecture #3) Gravity equation + data f ij ; Y j g, and " But predicting how bad would it be to shut down trade is easy... In autarky, jj =. So C A =" j =C j = jj Thus gains from trade can be computed as GTj j =C j = C A =" jj.3.4 Gains from Trade Suppose that we have estimated trade elasticity using gravity equation Central estimate in the literature is " = 5 We can then estimate gains from trade: 2
3 jj % GT j Canada 0:82 3:8 Denmark 0:74 5:8 France 0:86 3:0 Portugal 0:80 4:4 Slovakia 0:66 7:6 U.S. 0:9 :8 2 Gravity Models and the Gains from Trade: ACR (202) 2. Motivation New Trade Models Micro-level data have lead to new questions in international trade: How many rms export? How large are exporters? How many products do they export? New models highlight new margins of adjustment: Old question: From inter-industry to intra-industry to intra- rm reallocations How large are the gains from trade (GT)? ACR s question: How do new trade models a ect the magnitude of GT? 2.2 ACR s Main Equivalence Result ACR focus on gravity models PC: Armington and Eaton & Kortum 02 MC: Krugman 80 and many variations of Melitz 03 Within that class, welfare changes are (x^ = x 0 =x) C ^ = ^=" 3
4 Two su cient statistics for welfare analysis are: Share of domestic expenditure, ; Trade elasticity, " Two views on ACR s result: Optimistic: welfare predictions of Armington model are more robust than you thought Pessimistic: within that class of models, micro-level data do not matter 2.3 Primitive Assumptions Preferences and Endowments CES utility Consumer price index, Z P i = One factor of production: labor!2 p i (!) d!, L i labor endowment in country i w i wage in country i Technology Linear cost function: w i C ij (!; t; q) = q w i ij ij (!) t {z } + w, j ij ij (!) m ij (t) {z } q : quantity, variable cost ij : iceberg transportation cost, ij (!) : good-speci c heterogeneity in variable costs, ij : xed cost parameter, ij (!) : good-speci c heterogeneity in xed costs. xed cost m ij (t) : cost for endogenous destination speci c technology choice, t, t 2 t; t ; m 0 ij > 0; m 00 ij 0 4
5 Heterogeneity across goods G j ( ; :::; n ; ; :::; n )! 2 j ij (!) i, ij (!) i, 8i Market Structure Perfect competition Firms can produce any good. No xed exporting costs. Monopolistic competition Either rms in i can pay w i F i for monopoly power over a random good. Or exogenous measure of rms, N i < N, receive monopoly power. Let N i be the measure of goods that can be produced in i Perfect competition: N i = N Monopolistic competition: N i < N 2.4 Macro-Level Restrictions Trade is Balanced Bilateral trade ows are Z X ij = x ij (!) d!!2 ij R For any country j, P i=j X ij = P 6 i=j 6 X ji Trivial if perfect competition or = 0. Non trivial if > 0. Pro t Share is Constant R2 For any country j, Pn j = ( i= X ji) is constant where j : aggregate pro ts gross of entry costs, w j F j, (if any) 5
6 Trivial under perfect competition. Direct from Dixit-Stiglitz preferences in Krugman (980). Non-trivial in more general environments. CES Import Demand System Import demand system R3 (w; N; )! X " < 0 i = i " ii0 ln (X ij =X jj ln i 0 j = 0 6= j 0 otherwise Note: symmetry and separability. CES Import Demand System The trade elasticity " is an upper-level elasticity: it combines x ij (!) (intensive margin) ij (extensive margin). R3 =) complete specialization. R-R3 are not necessarily independent If = 0 then R3 =) R2. Strong CES Import Demand System (AKA Gravity) R3 The IDS satis es " ij M i (w i ij ) Y j X ij = P n i 0 = i 0 j M i 0 (w i 0 i0 j) where ij is independent of (w; M; ). " Same restriction on " ii0 j as R3 but, but additional structural relationships 2.5 Welfare results State of the world economy: Z (L; ; ) Foreign shocks: a change from Z to Z 0 with no domestic change. 6
7 2.6 Equivalence Proposition : Suppose that R-R3 hold. Then Wc j = b =" jj. Implication: 2 su cient statistics for welfare analysis b jj and " New margins a ect structural interpretation of "...and composition of gains from trade (GT) but size of GT is the same. Gains from Trade Revisited Proposition is an ex-post result... a simple ex-ante result: Corollary : Suppose that R-R3 hold. Then Wc j A = =" jj. A stronger ex-ante result for variable trade costs under R-R3 : Proposition 2: Suppose that R-R3 hold. Then W c j = b =" jj where and P n " i=, b jj = [ ij (w^i^ij ) ] Pn b P ijw^jy j (w^i^ij ) w i = j= n ". Y i i = i 0 j j) (w^i0^i0 0 " " and f ij g are su cient to predict W c j (ex-ante) from ^ij, i 6= j. 7
8 3 Beyond ACR s (202) Equivalence Result: CR (203) 3. Departing from ACR s (202) Equivalence Result Other Gravity Models: Multiple Sectors Tradable Intermediate Goods Multiple Factors Variable Markups Beyond Gravity: PF s su cient statistic approach Revealed preference argument (Bernhofen and Brown 2005) More data (Costinot and Donaldson 20) 3.2 Multiple sectors, GT Nested CES: Upper level EoS and lower level EoS " s Recall gains for Canada of 3:8%: Now gains can be much higher: = implies GT = 7:4% 3.3 Tradable intermediates, GT Set =, add tradable intermediates with Input-Output structure P Labor shares are j;s and input shares are j;ks ( k j;ks = j;s ) % GT j % GT MS j % GT IO j Canada 3:8 7:4 30:2 Denmark 5:8 30:2 4:4 France 3:0 9:4 7:2 Portugal 4:4 23:8 35:9 U.S. :8 4:4 8:3 8
9 3.4 Combination of micro and macro features In Krugman, free entry ) scale e ects associated with total sales In Melitz, additional scale e ects associated with market size In both models, trade may a ect entry and xed costs All these e ects do not play a role in the one sector model With multiple sectors and traded intermediates, these e ects come back 3.5 Gains from Trade MS, PC MS, PC MS, MC MS, PC MS, MC MS, IO, PC MS, PC MS, MC MS, IO, PC MS, IO, MC (Krugman) MS, PC MS, MC MS, IO, PC MS, IO, MC (Krugman) MS, IO, MC (Melitz)
10 3.6 From GT to trade policy evaluation Back to f ij ; Y j g, " and f^ij g to get implied ^ jj This is what CGE exercises do Contribution of recent quantitative work: Link to theory mid-sized models Model consistent estimation Quantify mechanisms 3.7 Main Lessons from CR (203) Mechanisms that matter for GT: Multiple sectors, tradable intermediates Market structure matters, but in a more subtle way Trade policy in gravity models: Good approximation to optimal tari is =" 20% (related to Gros 87) Large range for which countries gain from tari s Small e ects of tari s on other countries 0
11 MIT OpenCourseWare International Economics I Spring 203 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit:
International Trade Lecture 16: Gravity Models (Theory)
14.581 International Trade Lecture 16: Gravity Models (Theory) 14.581 Week 9 Spring 2013 14.581 (Week 9) Gravity Models (Theory) Spring 2013 1 / 44 Today s Plan 1 The Simplest Gravity Model: Armington
More informationCEMMAP Masterclass: Empirical Models of Comparative Advantage and the Gains from Trade 1 Lecture 3: Gravity Models
CEMMAP Masterclass: Empirical Models of Comparative Advantage and the Gains from Trade 1 Lecture 3: Gravity Models Dave Donaldson (MIT) CEMMAP MC July 2018 1 All material based on earlier courses taught
More informationMeasuring the Gains from Trade: They are Large!
Measuring the Gains from Trade: They are Large! Andrés Rodríguez-Clare (UC Berkeley and NBER) May 12, 2012 Ultimate Goal Quantify effects of trade policy changes Instrumental Question How large are GT?
More informationMIT PhD International Trade Lecture 15: Gravity Models (Theory)
14.581 MIT PhD International Trade Lecture 15: Gravity Models (Theory) Dave Donaldson Spring 2011 Introduction to Gravity Models Recall that in this course we have so far seen a wide range of trade models:
More informationAddendum to: New Trade Models, Same Old Gains?
Addendum to: New Trade Models, Same Old Gains? Costas Arkolakis Yale and NBER Arnaud Costinot MIT and NBER September 5, 200 Andrés Rodríguez-Clare Penn State and NBER Abstract This addendum provides generalizations
More informationNew Trade Models, Same Old Gains?
New Trade Models, Same Old Gains? Costas Arkolakis Yale and NBER Arnaud Costinot MIT and NBER September 6, 200 Andrés Rodríguez-Clare Penn State and NBER Abstract Micro-level data have had a profound in
More informationInternationa1 l Trade
14.581 Internationa1 l Trade Class notes on /19/013 1 Overview Assignment Models in the Trade Literature Small but rapidly growing literature using assignment models in an international context: Trade:
More informationNBER WORKING PAPER SERIES NEW TRADE MODELS, SAME OLD GAINS? Costas Arkolakis Arnaud Costinot Andrés Rodríguez-Clare
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES NEW TRADE MODELS, SAME OLD GAINS? Costas Arkolakis Arnaud Costinot Andrés Rodríguez-Clare Working Paper 5628 http://www.nber.org/papers/w5628 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
More informationInternational Trade Lecture 9: Factor Proportion Theory (II)
14.581 International Trade Lecture 9: Factor Proportion Theory (II) 14.581 Week 5 Spring 2013 14.581 (Week 5) Factor Proportion Theory (II) Spring 2013 1 / 24 Today s Plan 1 Two-by-two-by-two Heckscher-Ohlin
More informationMotivation A Figure 1 Figure 2 Table 1 Table 2
Future Work Motivation A Figure 1 Figure 2 Table 1 Table 2 Motivation B Markup Di erences: SOEs vs. POEs Markup Di erences Across Sectors Sectoral Di erences Motivation Key Novelty Model Trade Liberalization,
More informationInternational Trade Lecture 3: Ricardian Theory (II)
14.581 International Trade Lecture 3: Ricardian Theory (II) 14.581 Week 2 Spring 2013 14.581 (Week 2) Ricardian Theory (I) Spring 2013 1 / 34 Putting Ricardo to Work Ricardian model has long been perceived
More informationInternation1al Trade
14.581 Internation1al Trade Class notes on 3/4/2013 1 Factor Proportion Theory The law of comparative advantage establishes the relationship between relative autarky prices and trade ows But where do relative
More informationComparative Advantage and Heterogeneous Firms
Comparative Advantage and Heterogeneous Firms Andrew Bernard, Tuck and NBER Stephen e Redding, LSE and CEPR Peter Schott, Yale and NBER 1 Introduction How do economies respond when opening to trade? Classical
More informationPhD Topics in Macroeconomics
PhD Topics in Macroeconomics Lecture 18: aggregate gains from trade, part two Chris Edmond 2nd Semester 2014 1 This lecture Arkolakis, Costinot, Donaldson and Rodríguez-Clare (2012wp) 1- Absence of pro-competitive
More informationEstimating the effect of exchange rate changes on total exports
Estimating the effect of exchange rate changes on total exports Thierry Mayer (Science Po) and Walter Steingress (Banque de France) 12th CompNet Conference Prague 2016 Motivation Real Effective Exchange
More informationInternational Prices and Exchange Rates Econ 2530b, Gita Gopinath
International Prices and Exchange Rates Econ 2530b, Gita Gopinath Model variable mark-ups CES demand: Constant mark-ups: ( ) εin µ in = log ε in 1 Given that markups are constant, Γ in = 0. ( ) θ = log.
More informationInternational Trade 31E00500
International Trade 31E00500 Lecture 6: Intra-industry trade and Gravity modelling Saara Tamminen 1 1 VATT Institute of Economic Research, Finland Winter 2016 Tamminen (VATT) Lecture 6 21.1.2016 1 / 53
More informationAddendum to: International Trade, Technology, and the Skill Premium
Addendum to: International Trade, Technology, and the Skill remium Ariel Burstein UCLA and NBER Jonathan Vogel Columbia and NBER April 22 Abstract In this Addendum we set up a perfectly competitive version
More informationNew Trade Models, Same Old Optimal Policies?
New Trade Models, Same Old Optimal Policies? Gabriel Felbermayr, Benjamin Jung, and Mario Larch October 2, 2012 Abstract Do new trade models featuring imperfect competition and extensive margins have novel
More informationNon-Homothetic Gravity
Non-Homothetic Gravity by Weisi Xie (University of Colorado at Boulder) Discussion by Isaac Baley New York University August 14, 2014 Discussion by Baley (NYU) Non-Homothetic Gravity by Xie August 14,
More informationMelitz, M. J. & G. I. P. Ottaviano. Peter Eppinger. July 22, 2011
Melitz, M. J. & G. I. P. Ottaviano University of Munich July 22, 2011 & 1 / 20 & & 2 / 20 My Bachelor Thesis: Ottaviano et al. (2009) apply the model to study gains from the euro & 3 / 20 Melitz and Ottaviano
More informationMelitz, M. J. & G. I. P. Ottaviano. Peter Eppinger. July 22, 2011
Melitz, M. J. & G. I. P. Ottaviano University of Munich July 22, 2011 & 1 / 20 & & 2 / 20 My Bachelor Thesis: Ottaviano et al. (2009) apply the model to study gains from the euro & 3 / 20 Melitz and Ottaviano
More informationThe Role of the Most Favored Nation Principle of the GATT/WTO in the New Trade Model
The Role of the Most Favored Nation Principle of the GATT/WTO in the New Trade Model Wisarut Suwanprasert Vanderbilt University June 15th, 2017 Present at Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research
More informationLecture 1: Ricardian Theory of Trade
Lecture 1: Ricardian Theory of Trade Alfonso A. Irarrazabal University of Oslo September 25, 2007 Contents 1 Simple Ricardian Model 3 1.1 Preferences................................. 3 1.2 Technologies.................................
More informationImporting Skill-Biased Technology
Importing Skill-Biased Technology Ariel Burstein Javier Cravino Jonathan Vogel January 2012 Intro Motivation Observations Capital equipment (e.g. computers and industrial machinery): Implication embodies
More informationInnovation, Firm Dynamics, and International Trade
Innovation, Firm Dynamics, and International Trade Andrew Atkeson y and Ariel Burstein z February 2009 Abstract We present a general equilibrium model of the decisions of rms to innovate and to engage
More informationLecture 3, November 30: The Basic New Keynesian Model (Galí, Chapter 3)
MakØk3, Fall 2 (blok 2) Business cycles and monetary stabilization policies Henrik Jensen Department of Economics University of Copenhagen Lecture 3, November 3: The Basic New Keynesian Model (Galí, Chapter
More informationModeling Technological Change
Modeling Technological Change Yin-Chi Wang The Chinese University of Hong Kong November, 202 References: Acemoglu (2009) ch2 Concepts of Innovation Innovation by type. Process innovation: reduce cost,
More informationTrade policy III: Export subsidies
The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies - wiiw June 25, 2015 Overview Overview 1 1 Under perfect competition lead to welfare loss 2 Effects depending on market structures 1 Subsidies to
More informationTrade, Neoclassical Growth and Heterogeneous Firms
Trade, Neoclassical Growth and eterogeneous Firms Julian Emami Namini Department of Economics, University of Duisburg Essen, Campus Essen, Germany Email: emami@vwl.uni essen.de 10th March 2006 Abstract
More informationTrade and Domestic Policy in Models with Monopolistic Competition
Trade and Domestic Policy in Models with Monopolistic Competition Alessia Campolmi Università di Verona Harald Fadinger University of Mannheim and CEPR Chiara Forlati University of Southampton February
More informationInternational Trade and Agglomeration in Asymmetric World: Core-Periphery Approach
Research Motivation Our Results/Contribution International Trade and Agglomeration in Asymmetric World: Core-Periphery Approach Alexander V. Sidorov Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Novosibirsk, Russia
More informationProductivity Improvements and Falling Trade Costs: Boon or Bane?
Productivity Improvements and Falling Trade Costs: Boon or Bane? Svetlana Demidova y The Pennsylvania State University This version: February 24, 2006. Abstract This paper looks at two features of globalization,
More informationPreferential Trade Agreements Harm Third Countries
Preferential Trade Agreements Harm Third Countries Pascal Mossay y and Takatoshi Tabuchi z April 8, 24 Abstract We study market liberalisation under imperfect competition in the presence of price e ects.
More informationInternational Trade. Course Description and Requirements
Summer semester 2014 International Trade Course Description and Requirements This is a PhD course for graduate students from the Duesseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE) and the Ruhr Graduate
More informationExternal Economies of Scale and International Trade: Further Analysis
External Economies of Scale and International Trade: Further Analysis Kar-yiu Wong 1 University of Washington August 9, 2000 1 Department of Economics, Box 353330, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
More informationWelfare Evaluation in a Heterogeneous Agents Model: How Representative is the CES Representative Consumer?
Welfare Evaluation in a Heterogeneous Agents Model: How Representative is the CES Representative Consumer? Maria D. Tito August 7, 0 Preliminary Draft: Do not cite without permission Abstract The aim of
More information14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 3 Competition, Policy and Technological Progress
14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 3 Competition, Policy and Technological Progress Daron Acemoglu MIT September 15, 2016. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Competition, Policy and Innovation September 15, 2016.
More information14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 4 Technology and the Labor Market
14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 4 Technology and the Labor Market Daron Acemoglu MIT September 20, 2016. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Technology and the Labor Market September 20, 2016. 1 / 51 Technology
More informationDaily Welfare Gains from Trade
Daily Welfare Gains from Trade Hasan Toprak Hakan Yilmazkuday y INCOMPLETE Abstract Using daily price quantity data on imported locally produced agricultural products, this paper estimates the elasticity
More informationWelfare in the Eaton-Kortum Model of International Trade
Welfare in the Eaton-Kortum Model of International Trade Scott French October, 215 Abstract I show that the welfare effects of changes in technologies or trade costs in the workhorse Ricardian model of
More informationMonopolistic Competition Model with Endogeneous Investments: the case of Closed Economy
Monopolistic Competition Model with Endogeneous Investments: the case of Closed Economy I.Bykadorov (together with E.Zhelobodko, S.Kokovin) November, 29th, 2011 Abstract Model - (Theoretical?): in monop.
More informationThe Elusive Pro-Competitive Effects of Trade
The Elusive Pro-Competitive Effects of Trade Costas Arkolakis Yale and NBER Arnaud Costinot MIT and NBER Dave Donaldson Stanford and NBER Andrés Rodríguez-Clare UC Berkeley and NBER July 2017 Abstract
More informationMacroeconomics IV Problem Set I
14.454 - Macroeconomics IV Problem Set I 04/02/2011 Due: Monday 4/11/2011 1 Question 1 - Kocherlakota (2000) Take an economy with a representative, in nitely-lived consumer. The consumer owns a technology
More informationGravity Models and the Armington Assumption
Gravity Models and the Armington Assumption Background Economists love the elegance and completeness of physics, and what could be more elegant than Newton s Law of Universal Gravity? To recap: The gravitational
More informationAdvanced Economic Growth: Lecture 8, Technology Di usion, Trade and Interdependencies: Di usion of Technology
Advanced Economic Growth: Lecture 8, Technology Di usion, Trade and Interdependencies: Di usion of Technology Daron Acemoglu MIT October 3, 2007 Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Advanced Growth Lecture 8 October 3,
More informationAggregate Supply. Econ 208. April 3, Lecture 16. Econ 208 (Lecture 16) Aggregate Supply April 3, / 12
Aggregate Supply Econ 208 Lecture 16 April 3, 2007 Econ 208 (Lecture 16) Aggregate Supply April 3, 2007 1 / 12 Introduction rices might be xed for a brief period, but we need to look beyond this The di
More information14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 4 Competition and Innovation
14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 4 Competition and Innovation Daron Acemoglu MIT September 19, 2011. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Competition and Innovation September 19, 2011. 1 / 51 Competition and Innovation
More informationTrade and Domestic Policies in Models with Monopolistic Competition
Discussion Paper Series CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper No. 049 Project B 06 Trade and Domestic Policies in Models with Monopolistic Competition Alessia Campolmi* Harald Fadinger** Chiara Forlati*** October
More informationEaton Kortum Model (2002)
Eaton Kortum Model (2002) Seyed Ali Madanizadeh Sharif U. of Tech. November 20, 2015 Seyed Ali Madanizadeh (Sharif U. of Tech.) Eaton Kortum Model (2002) November 20, 2015 1 / 41 Introduction Eaton and
More informationPaul Krugman s New Economic Geography: past, present and future. J.-F. Thisse CORE-UCLouvain (Belgium)
Paul Krugman s New Economic Geography: past, present and future J.-F. Thisse CORE-UCLouvain (Belgium) Economic geography seeks to explain the riddle of unequal spatial development (at different spatial
More informationGlobalization and the Gains from Variety (QJE 2006)
Globalization and the Gains from Variety (QJE 2006) Christian Broda & David Weinstein LMU July, 2011 Outline Motivation Related Literature Data Empirical Strategy Results Robustness Conclusion Motivation
More informationTHE GAINS FROM INPUT TRADE WITH HETEROGENEOUS IMPORTERS
THE GAINS FROM INPUT TRADE WITH HETEROGENEOUS IMPORTERS Joaquin Blaum Claire Lelarge Michael Peters August 216 Abstract Trade in intermediate inputs allows firms to reduce their costs of production and
More informationFirms and returns to scale -1- Firms and returns to scale
Firms and returns to scale -1- Firms and returns to scale. Increasing returns to scale and monopoly pricing 2. Constant returns to scale 19 C. The CRS economy 25 D. pplication to trade 47 E. Decreasing
More informationUniversal Gravity * Costas Arkolakis Yale and NBER. First Version: August 2014 This Version: April Abstract
Universal Gravity * Treb Allen Dartmouth and NBER Costas Arkolakis Yale and NBER Yuta Takahashi Northwestern First Version: August 2014 This Version: April 2017 Abstract This paper studies the theoretical
More informationBeyond CES: Three Alternative Classes of Flexible Homothetic Demand Systems
Beyond CES: Three Alternative Classes of Flexible Homothetic Demand Systems Kiminori Matsuyama 1 Philip Ushchev 2 October 2017 1 Department of Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA. Email:
More informationThe TransPacific agreement A good thing for VietNam?
The TransPacific agreement A good thing for VietNam? Jean Louis Brillet, France For presentation at the LINK 2014 Conference New York, 22nd 24th October, 2014 Advertisement!!! The model uses EViews The
More informationSkilled Factor Abundance and Traded Goods Prices
Skilled Factor Abundance and Traded Goods Prices Eddy Bekkers University of Bern Joseph Francois University of Bern and CEPR London Miriam Manchin University College London ABSTRACT: We develop a monopolistic
More informationMonopolistic Competition when Income Matters
Monopolistic Competition when Income Matters Paolo Bertoletti and Federico tro University of Pavia and Ca Foscari University, Venice Hitotsubashi University, March 6, 2014 Purpose We propose an alternative
More informationLecture #11: Introduction to the New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) -
Lecture #11: Introduction to the New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) - What is the old empirical IO? The old empirical IO refers to studies that tried to draw inferences about the relationship
More informationExternal Economies of Scale and Industrial Policy: A View from Trade
External Economies of Scale and Industrial Policy: A View from Trade Dominick Bartelme (Michigan) Arnaud Costinot (MIT) Dave Donaldson (MIT) Andrés Rodríguez-Clare (Berkeley) External Economies of Scale
More informationBeyond CES: Three Alternative Classes of Flexible Homothetic Demand Systems
Beyond CES: Three Alternative Classes of Flexible Homothetic Demand Systems Kiminori Matsuyama 1 Philip Ushchev 2 December 19, 2017, Keio University December 20. 2017, University of Tokyo 1 Department
More informationThe Variety E ect of Trade Liberalization
The Variety E ect of Trade Liberalization Itai Agur April 3, 2007 Abstract The model of Melitz (2003) has become central in the literature on heterogeneous rms in trade. It matches empirical ndings that
More informationAnalysis of a two country version of Eaton-Kortum Model of trade
Analysis of a two country version of Eaton-Kortum Model of trade Yim Hing Ho Master thesis for the Master of Samfunnsøkonomisk analyse (master fem år) UNIVERSITETET I OSLO February 20 Preface First of
More informationConsumption-led Growth
Consumption-led Growth (preliminary work in progress) Markus Brunnermeier markus@princeton.edu Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas pog@berkeley.edu Oleg Itskhoki itskhoki@princeton.edu Princeton University November
More informationClass Notes on New Economic Geography Models
Class Notes on New Economic Geography Models Econ 8401-T.Holmes (incomplete) 1 Overview Last class we discussed various models of trade with increasing returns, e.g. those based on Dixit and Stiglitz models.
More informationDynamics of Firms and Trade in General Equilibrium. Robert Dekle, Hyeok Jeong and Nobuhiro Kiyotaki USC, Seoul National University and Princeton
Dynamics of Firms and Trade in General Equilibrium Robert Dekle, Hyeok Jeong and Nobuhiro Kiyotaki USC, Seoul National University and Princeton Figure a. Aggregate exchange rate disconnect (levels) 28.5
More informationEconomic Growth: Lectures 10 and 11, Endogenous Technological Change
14.452 Economic Growth: Lectures 10 and 11, Endogenous Technological Change Daron Acemoglu MIT December 1 and 6, 2011. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Economic Growth Lectures 10 end 11 December 1 and 6, 2011. 1
More informationWHY ARE THERE RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES? SYMMETRY BREAKING IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: A Note
WHY ARE THERE RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES? SYMMETRY BREAKING IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: A Note Yannis M. Ioannides Department of Economics Tufts University Medford, MA 02155, USA (O): 1 617 627 3294 (F): 1 617
More informationTrade, Firm Selection, and Innovation: the Competition Channel
Trade, Firm Selection, and Innovation: the Competition Channel Giammario Impullitti (IMT Lucca) and Omar Licandro (IAE Barcelona) CEPR ESSIM 2010 Impullitti-Licandro (IMT-IAE) Trade, rm selection, and
More informationTechnological Spillovers and Dynamics of Comparative Advantage
Technological Spillovers and Dynamics of Comparative Advantage Yury Yatsynovich University of California, Berkeley January 21, 2015 MOTIVATION Comparative advantage is dynamic: Korea from rice to microchips.
More informationMonetary Economics. Lecture 15: unemployment in the new Keynesian model, part one. Chris Edmond. 2nd Semester 2014
Monetary Economics Lecture 15: unemployment in the new Keynesian model, part one Chris Edmond 2nd Semester 214 1 This class Unemployment fluctuations in the new Keynesian model, part one Main reading:
More informationQuality Heterogeneity and Misallocation: The Welfare Benefits of Raising your Standards Other VES Preferences
Quality Heterogeneity and Misallocation: The Welfare Benefits of Raising your Standards Other VES Preferences Luca Macedoni Aarhus University Ariel Weinberger University of Oklahoma November 2018 In this
More informationThe Impact of Trade on Organization and Productivity
The Impact of Trade on Organization and Productivity orenzo Caliendo Yale University Esteban Rossi-Hansberg Princeton University May 9, 2 Abstract A rm s productivity depends on how production is organized
More informationTrade Policies, Firm Heterogeneity, and Variable Markups
Trade Policies, Firm Heterogeneity, and Variable arups Svetlana Demidova caster University ay 2, 25 (First draft: ay 29, 24) Abstract We study unilateral trade liberalization in the model with variable
More informationGeneral Examination in Macroeconomic Theory SPRING 2013
HARVARD UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS General Examination in Macroeconomic Theory SPRING 203 You have FOUR hours. Answer all questions Part A (Prof. Laibson): 48 minutes Part B (Prof. Aghion): 48
More informationh Edition Money in Search Equilibrium
In the Name of God Sharif University of Technology Graduate School of Management and Economics Money in Search Equilibrium Diamond (1984) Navid Raeesi Spring 2014 Page 1 Introduction: Markets with Search
More informationGravity, Productivity and the Pattern of Production and Trade
Gravity, Productivity and the Pattern of Production and Trade James E. Anderson Boston College and NBER January 6, 2009 Abstract The aggregated incidence of bilateral trade costs is derived from the gravity
More informationMicro to Macro: Optimal Trade Policy with Firm Heterogeneity
Micro to Macro: Optimal Trade Policy with Firm Heterogeneity Arnaud Costinot MIT Andrés Rodríguez-Clare UC Berkeley May 2016 Iván Werning MIT Abstract The empirical observation that large firms tend to
More informationImport Protection as Export Destruction
Import Protection as Export Destruction Hiroyuki Kasahara Beverly Lapham December 2005 Incomplete Abstract his paper develops a dynamic, stochastic industry model of heterogeneous firms to examine the
More informationPseudo-Wealth and Consumption Fluctuations
Pseudo-Wealth and Consumption Fluctuations Banque de France Martin Guzman (Columbia-UBA) Joseph Stiglitz (Columbia) April 4, 2017 Motivation 1 Analytical puzzle from the perspective of DSGE models: Physical
More informationStagnation Traps. Gianluca Benigno and Luca Fornaro
Stagnation Traps Gianluca Benigno and Luca Fornaro May 2015 Research question and motivation Can insu cient aggregate demand lead to economic stagnation? This question goes back, at least, to the Great
More informationInternational Trade. Lecture 4: the extensive margin of trade. Thomas Chaney. Sciences Po. Thomas Chaney (Sciences Po) International Trade 1 / 17
International Trade ecture 4: the extensive margin of trade Thomas Chaney Sciences Po Thomas Chaney (Sciences Po) International Trade / 7 Target of the paper Explain the observed role of the extensive
More informationEstimating the Productivity Gains from Importing [Preliminary - Comments welcome]
Estimating the Productivity Gains from Importing [Preliminary - Comments welcome] Joaquin Blaum, Claire Lelarge, Michael Peters September 204 Abstract Trade in intermediate inputs raises firm productivity
More informationAn Economic Geography Model with Natural Resources
An Economic Geography Model with Natural Resources María Pilar Martínez-García y Jose Rodolfo Morales z Abstract In this paper we present a dynamic model of trade between two regions which are endowed
More informationFirms and returns to scale -1- John Riley
Firms and returns to scale -1- John Riley Firms and returns to scale. Increasing returns to scale and monopoly pricing 2. Natural monopoly 1 C. Constant returns to scale 21 D. The CRS economy 26 E. pplication
More information4- Current Method of Explaining Business Cycles: DSGE Models. Basic Economic Models
4- Current Method of Explaining Business Cycles: DSGE Models Basic Economic Models In Economics, we use theoretical models to explain the economic processes in the real world. These models de ne a relation
More informationIncomplete Contracts and the Product Cycle. Pol Antràs. Harvard University, NBER and CEPR
Incomplete Contracts and the Product Cycle Pol Antràs Harvard University, NBER and CEPR 1 Broad Research Agenda Try to understand how firms organize production in a global economy and study its implications
More informationTaxes and Entry Mode Decision in Multinationals: Export and FDI with and without Decentralization
Taxes and Entry Mode Decision in Multinationals: Export and FDI with and without Decentralization Yoshimasa Komoriya y Chuo University Søren Bo Nielsen z Copenhagen Business School Pascalis Raimondos x
More informationAdvanced Economic Growth: Lecture 2, Review of Endogenous Growth: Expanding Variety Models
Advanced Economic Growth: Lecture 2, Review of Endogenous Growth: Expanding Variety Models Daron Acemoglu MIT September 10, 2007 Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Advanced Growth Lecture 2 September 10, 2007 1 / 56
More informationOptimal taxation with monopolistic competition
Optimal taxation with monopolistic competition Leslie J. Reinhorn Economics Department University of Durham 23-26 Old Elvet Durham DH1 3HY United Kingdom phone +44 191 334 6365 fax +44 191 334 6341 reinhorn@hotmail.com
More informationImported Intermediate Goods and Product Innovation: Evidence from India
Imported Intermediate Goods and Product Innovation: Evidence from India Murat Seker Daniel Rodriguez-Delgado and Mehmet Fatih Ulu August 25 Abstract In this study, we build a structural model of multi-product
More informationTrade Policies, Firm Heterogeneity, and Variable Markups
Trade Policies, Firm Heterogeneity, and Variable arkups Svetlana Demidova caster University ay 29, 204 Abstract In this paper we explore the effects of trade policy in form of wasteful and non-wasteful
More informationThe Basic New Keynesian Model. Jordi Galí. November 2010
The Basic New Keynesian Model by Jordi Galí November 2 Motivation and Outline Evidence on Money, Output, and Prices: Short Run E ects of Monetary Policy Shocks (i) persistent e ects on real variables (ii)
More informationQuality and Gravity in International Trade
Quality and Gravity in International Trade FIW-Workshop "International Economics" Lisandra Flach Florian Unger University of Munich University of Munich 14. Juni 2016 Flach & Unger (LMU Munich) Quality
More informationGlobal Value Chain Participation and Current Account Imbalances
Global Value Chain Participation and Current Account Imbalances Johannes Brumm University of Zurich Georgios Georgiadis European Central Bank Johannes Gräb European Central Bank Fabian Trottner Princeton
More informationA Two-Country Case: Eaton-Kortum Model with General Equilibrium Technology Changes and International Trade
A Two-Country Case: Eaton-Kortum Model with General Equilibrium Technology Changes and International Trade Jia Zhao Master thesis for the Master of Philosophy in Economics degree UNIVERSITY OF OSLO May
More informationThe Basic New Keynesian Model. Jordi Galí. June 2008
The Basic New Keynesian Model by Jordi Galí June 28 Motivation and Outline Evidence on Money, Output, and Prices: Short Run E ects of Monetary Policy Shocks (i) persistent e ects on real variables (ii)
More informationMicro to Macro: Optimal Trade Policy with Firm Heterogeneity
Micro to Macro: Optimal Trade Policy with Firm Heterogeneity Arnaud Costinot MIT Andrés Rodríguez-Clare UC Berkeley October 2016 Iván Werning MIT Abstract The empirical observation that large firms tend
More informationFirm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market. IEA: Mexico City. Jonathan Eaton, Samuel Kortum, Francis Kramarz.
Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market Jonathan Eaton, Samuel Kortum, Francis Kramarz IEA: Mexico City June 2017 Overview Develop granular theory of rms, jobs, and international trade
More information