AP Physics 1 First Semester Final Exam Review

Transcription

1 AP Physics First Semester Final Exam Review Chapters and. Know the SI Units base units.. Be able to use the factor-label method to convert from one unit to another (ex: cm/s to m/year) 3. Be able to identify the number of significant digits in a given number. Also be able to work simple calculations with the correct amount of significant digits. 4. Know the definitions of precision and accuracy. 5. Given the velocity of an object and the time that the object is in motion, know how to find the displacement of the object. 6. Know the relationship between science and technology and how they interact. 7. Know the scientific method, what it is used for, and the general steps taken in developing scientific laws 8. Know the definition of acceleration 9. Be able to recognize position, velocity, and acceleration on a displacement vs. time graph. Chapter 3 0. Know the difference between vectors and scalars. Also know several examples of each.. Given the magnitude of two vectors, know the range of possible magnitudes for the resultant vector.. Be able to compute the components of a vector when given the magnitude of the vector and the angle the vector makes with the horizontal. 3. Be able to complete a simple one dimensional vector addition problem. 4. Know how the time, position, velocity (both initial and final), and acceleration in each dimension are related for an object traveling in two dimensions. 5. Review the points in a two dimensional motion problem when velocity and acceleration are constant or at zero. Chapter 4 6. Know the relationship between weight, mass, and gravity. 7. Know Newton s 3 Laws of motion. Think of examples for each. Also know other names that they are known by. 8. Know the definitions of and difference between static and kinetic friction 9. Be familiar with the diagram used in incline plane problems. Know how to find the parallel and perpendicular forces Chapter 5 0. Know the definition of work. Be able to calculate the work done when given the force applied and the distance over which it is applied. Be sure to recognize when work is being done and when it is not.. Be able to use a force vs. position graph to find the work done by a varying force.. Know the definition of potential and kinetic energy. Be able to calculate these energies give the appropriate variables.

2 Chapter 6 3. Know how to find the change in momentum of an object. Pay special attention to when the object changes direction. 4. Know the definition of momentum and impulse. Know how they are related. 5. Know what information you can find using a force vs. time graph. Be able to use a force vs. time graph to find this information. 6. What are the benefits of air bags and how are they related to momentum and impulse? Review Problems. A car moving with a speed of 3.0 m/s strikes a movable barrier and stops after a distance of.00 m. a. What is the decceleration of the car? (Answer:-5 m/s ) b. How much time does it take for the car to come to rest? (Answer: s). A student completes the Shoot for Your Grade lab that was done in class. The marble has a mass of 0.0 kg. It traveled along the table for a distance of 0.80 m in. seconds. The table is 95 cm high. a. How long will it take for the marble to hit the floor? (Answer: 0.44 s) b. How far from the base of the table did it strike the floor? (Answer: 0.6 m) c. Complete the following graphs for the previous problem.

3 3. A force of 38.3 N is required to start a 56 kg wood block moving across the floor. After it is moving, a force of 9.5 N is required to keep it moving at a constant velocity of.3 m/s. What are the coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the block and the floor? (µ s =.58 and µ k =.40) 4. Two blocks are connected by a cord that passes over a massless, frictionless pulley. Block A has a mass of.3 kg, while block B has a mass of.8 kg. a. Find the acceleration of the two blocks. (a = 3.59 m/s ) b. Find the tension of the cord. (T = 7.4N) 5. What is the minimum value of the coefficient of static friction between block (m 3 ) and the table that would keep the system at rest if m = 0.50 kg, m = 0.5 kg, and m 3 = 0.75 kg? (µ = 0.333) 6. Billy expends 3,500 J of energy to drag a wooden crate 7 m across the floor. The rope that he pulls makes an angle of 4 0 with the floor. How much force must he apply while he is moving the crate? (F = 673 N)

4 7. Sally rides her bike to the top of a 5.0 m tall hill. As he reaches the top, he is traveling at 5.50 m/s. The combined mass of Sally and her bike is 35 kg. If he coasts all the way down the hill, and up another hill that is 3.5 m high, what is her velocity at the top of the second hill? (Assume no friction) (Answer: 7.7 m/s) 8. A 0 g hot wheels car is started on a 0.46 m high frictionless hill. The car stops right when it reaches the end of a.5 m long horizontal track coated with sandpaper. What is the coefficient for friction between the car and the sandpaper track? (µ = 0.84) 9. A 65 kg man holding a 7 kg box rides on a pair of ice skates at a speed of 9 m/s. He throws the box behind him, giving it a velocity of 5 m/s. What is his velocity after throwing the object? (v =.7 m/s) v = v0 + at AP Physics Formula Sheet st Semester Final Exam x = x0 + v0t + at v = v + a( x x ) 0 0 Fg = mg Ff µ FN = Fnet = ma ( m v m v ) ( m v m v ) + = + p = mv F t = m v i f Ue = kx g U = mgh K = mv F = kx W P = W = Fd cosθ t sin opp adj = cos = tan hyp hyp = opp adj

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