100 : 75 : 135 : forum.konkur.in

Transcription

1 : 100 : 135 : 175 :

2 18 : ( :) ( :) ( :) (: ) (: ) ( (4 1 1 : ) ( :) ( :) ( :) ( :) (3 4 ( (1 (1 (3 3 ( :) ( :) (: ) (1 ( :) ( :) ( :) ( ( :) ( :) ( :) (3 ( :) ( :) ( :) (4 4». (4 «. (3 ( (1 5» (4 «. (3 ( ( ( ) : ( ( ) : (4 ( ) : (1 ( ) : (3.... : 7 (1 ( (3 (4 8 )( : )( : )( :)( : ) (4 ( : ) ( : ) ( : (3 ( ( ( (4 (1 (3 10 (4 (3 ( ( ( ( ( ( (1

3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + + ( ( ) + ( (1 ( (3 (4 1 ( ) + + (1 ( ) + + (3 13 (1 ( (3 (4 14». (4 (4 (3 ( «. (1 15 (1 ( (3 (4 16 «.» (3 () ( ) ( ) ( ) (4 ( (1 17 (1 ( (3 ( (3 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (1 19 «. []» (1 ( (3 (4

4 0 (1 ( (3 (4 1 (1 ( (3 (4.... (1 ( (3 (4 3 (1 ( (3 (4 ««.» : :» : 4 (1 ( (3 (4 5 (1 ( (3 (4 0 : :(633) :«!» 6! (1! (! (3! (4 3

5 :«!» 7! (1! (! (3! (4 :«!» 8 (1! (! (3! (4! :«!» 9! (1! (! (3! (4 :«!» 30! (1! (! (3! (4!!!! : «!» 31 (1 ( (3 (4» : 3 «!! (1! (! (3! (4 :«!» 33! (1! (! (3! (4 4

6 : (434)....!.! :!.! (! (4! 34! (1! (3 35! (1! (! (3! (4... : 36! (1! (! (3! (4 : 37! (1! (! (3! (4 ( (4 (39 38) :«!» 38 ( (4 (1 (3 :«!» 39 (1 (3 :(440) : 40 / (1 / ( / (3 / (4 5

7 : 41 / (1 / ( / (3 / (4! (! (4! (! (4 / (4 : 4 / (1 / ( / (3 / (4 :(50 43) : 43! (1! (3 : 44! (1! (3 «!......» : 45 / (3! (! (4 / ( / (1 : 46! (1! (3 :( ) 47! (1! (! (3! (4! (! : (4! : (!! : (4 : 48! (1! (3 : 49! (1! (! (3! (4 : 50! : (1! (3 6

8 17 : (... ) (1 ( ) ( (... ) (3 ( ) (4 : 5 ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) ( ( (4 7. (1 (3... ( ) 54 ( ( (1 7 (3 55 ( Ĥ ) (1 ( ) ( (... ) (3 ( ) ( (4 (3 (.... (1 : 57 ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) ( ( ( (1 ( (1 ( (3 (4 60 ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) (4

9 61 ( ) ( ( ) (4 (1 ( ) (3 6 ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) (4 «......» : 63. (1. (. (3. ( (1 ( (3 (4 : 65 ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) (4 «8» : 66 «....» (1 () (. (3 (4 67 (... ) (1 (... ) ( (... ) (3 (... ) ( ( ) ( ( ) (4.... ( ) (1 ( ) (3 ) 69 ( ( ) ( ( ) (4 ( ) (1 ( ) (3 8

10 ( ) (1 ( * ) ( ( * ) (3 ( ) (4» 71 «( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) ( ( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) ( ( ) (4 (3 ( (1» 74 «( ) (1 ( ) ( ( ) (3 ( ) (4 75 (... ) (1 ( ) ( (... ) (3 (... ) (4 0 : Part A: Vocabulary and Grammar Directions: Questions are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (1), (), (3), and (4). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer sheet. 76 My friend has a... woolen rug on the floor in her bedroom. 1) lovely long grey ) long lovely grey 3) grey lovely long 4) long grey lovely 9

11 77 The researchers... the causes of greenhouse gases have made a lot of progress. 1) study ) studied 3) studying 4) to study 78 The weather is beautiful, isn't it? I didn't expect it to be... nice day. 1) so ) very 3) too 4) such a 79 A: "Why didn't your friend, Ali, say hello when he entered the room?" B: "He... feeling well." 1) may not be ) should not be 3) may not have been 4) should not have been 80 We humans get our... from what we eat; plants get theirs from the soil. 1) matter ) nutrients 3) sources 4) wildlife 81 The village was a scene of immense peace and quiet, far... from the tensions of city life. 1) bothered ) removed 3) stretched 4) survived 8 I worry about the... effect that violent films may have on children. 1) destructive ) repetitive 3) irrelevant 4) nervous 83 He didn t pay as much... as he had to when the store owner was describing the product, so he later realized what he had bought was of little use to him. 1) amount ) income 3) increase 4) attention 84 The terrible mistake I made in class was an unexpected one; it really... me at the time. 1) embarrassed ) informed 3) suffered 4) prevented 85 The driver was... taken to hospital as he had been badly injured in the car accident. 1) wisely ) immediately 3) seriously 4) entirely 86 In spite of our best..., it has shown impossible to contact her. 1) observations ) experiments 3) endeavours 4) gestures 87 When he finally graduated, Victor felt he had... everything he set out to do. 1) combined ) expressed 3) achieved 4) suggested Part B: Cloze Test Directions: Questions 88 9 are related to the following passage. Read the passage and decide which choice (1), (), (3), or (4) best fits each space. Then mark your answer sheet. Little boys are usually active. They do things. Much of the time, little girls sit together and talk. When children grow up, nothing changes. Men usually do things together or they talk about activities such as sports and cars. They talk to give or get But for women, people and feelings are more important. Women often talk to show interest and emotions a man and a woman speak the same language, sometimes they don't each other. Men's talk and women's talk are almost two languages. But maybe men and women will know each other if they realize the differences in speech. 88 1) carefully ) previously 3) anxiously 4) really 89 1) comparison ) direction 3) expectation 4) information 90 1) Because ) However 3) Therefore 4) Although 91 1) predict ) understand 3) enhance 4) ignore 9 1) different ) social 3) artificial 4) extra 10

12 Part C: Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test, you will read two passages. Each passage is followed by four questions. Answer the questions by choosing the best choice (1), (), (3), or (4). Then mark your answer sheet. PASSAGE 1: No one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it. (Lead is a very heavy, soft, dark gray metal.) Pencils weren't popular, and people continued to write with pens. They used bird feathers as pens. Then, in 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite, and they became very popular. Graphite is like coal. (Coal is black, and we burn it for heat and energy.) Today, people make pencils in the same way. They grind the graphite, make it into the shape of a stick, and bake it. Then they put it inside a piece of wood. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long. People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points. They had to dip the point into ink after every few letters. Next, someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again. Two Hungarian brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen. They left Hungary and started making ballpoint pens in England in 1943, during World War II. English pilots liked the pens. They couldn't write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros' company. Some people call ballpoint pens "Bics." Australians call them "biros." Whatever we call them, we use them every day. 93 What is the best title for the passage? 1) Advantages of Pens ) A Big Change in Writing Style 3) A Brief History of Pencils and Pens 4) The Most Important Human Invention 94 Which one of the following statements is TRUE about graphite, according to the passage? 1) It is used to produce energy for warming people. ) It is a material from which coal is made. 3) It naturally comes in the shape of sticks. 4) It is used in the manufacture of pencils. 95 Why does the author mention "pilots" in the passage? 1) To show an advantage of a specific kind of pen. ) To introduce the true inventors of ballpoint pens. 3) To tell the reader that need is the mother of invention. 4) To discuss the role of writing in the development of airplanes. 96 The phrase the ink in paragraph 4 is the ink.... 1) inside the pens that were actually made by the two Hungarian brothers ) inside the fountain pens pilots used for writing while flying their planes 3) English pilots began to use after they got ballpoint pens 4) produced and supplied by a French company known as Bic 11

13 PASSAGE : Cooking is the way food is prepared for eating. There are several reasons for cooking food. When food is heated, chemical changes take place which make some food easier to eat and digest. We also think of cooking as making food taste better, but that is often because we are used to certain foods being cooked and do not like the idea of eating them raw. Also, when food is cooked it is often mixed with other food to give it a different flavour or appearance. Another reason for cooking food is to preserve it. Heat kills, or delays the action of, certain bacteria and parasites that may be in the food. This may also be done in other ways, such as drying, smoking, freezing, or pickling. The term "cooking" can include all these processes and also the preparation of raw food for eating. Cooking is not only done out of necessity. Many people who cook for themselves, their families or friends, as well as those who cook for a living, do it for pleasure. Although cooking is a science, it is also a form of art, and part of the art of cooking is presenting the food so that it looks good to eat. The Scottish writer, James Boswell, defined man as a "Cooking Animal". "No beast can cook," he said. "Man alone can prepare a good dish; and every man whatever is more or less a cook, in preparing what he himself eats". Each country has its own traditional ways of cooking based on among other things, the food available, the people who have lived there at different periods of history, the climate, and the religions and customs practiced there. 97 According to paragraph 1, chemical changes occur.... 1) when food is exposed to heat ) whenever food is easy to cook 3) any time we prepare food, raw or cooked 4) because without them people may refuse to eat 98 All of the following are mentioned as reasons for cooking food EXCEPT that cooking.... 1) is a way through which some people earn money ) enables people to keep food for a longer time 3) changes harmful bacteria into useful ones 4) helps improve the taste of food 99 The passage refers to cooking as a kind of art.... 1) because humans are cooking animals ) because every man can cook somehow 3) when people engage in preparing food for themselves and also when they cook for the fun of it 4) when people take steps to make food look pleasant in appearance to others to encourage them to eat it 100 The passage refers to the climate, and the religions and customs in the last paragraph as.... 1) the factors affecting different countries choice of their traditional ways of cooking ) examples of people s traditional foods in different countries 3) reasons why people s food choices vary over time 4) people s different ways of learning how to cook 1

14 : 180 :

15 5 : [ ] (A B) A (A B) 5 (4 3 (4 x + 3 (4 1 x x 3 5 (4 (4 (4 9. [ 74, 77) ( (4 4 (3 1 B = {, 4, 5, 6} 3 ( A = {, 3, 6, 7, 8} 101 ( ( ) ( ) ( 0/ 75) (3 ( ( x 3x + 8x x + (3 1 x + x 1 5 (3 (3 (3 x ( 3 1 ( x + 1 ) ( + x x 1 ) ( x ( x 4 (1 104 x ( (1 106 ( ( (3 98 ( 95 (1 108 (3 AB. B A ( 10, ) (4 (4 (, 9) (3 (3 f( 1 ) y = x ( x + 5x F(x) = x (, 4) (, 110) ( x+ 1 = x ( 84 (1 85 ( 86 (3 87 ( (1 110 (, 1 8) (1 111 ( f(x) = x y = x + x+ 3 (4 y = x x+ 3 (3 y = x + x 1 ( y = x x 1 ( (4 7 ( (4 108 (4 3/6 (4 6 (3 105 (3 60 ( 5 ( 54 (1 4 ( ( 84 (1 1 log x log (x ) = log 3 + log /8 (3 /4 ( 1/8 (1

16 (log 38 = / 5160, log 10 = / 0086) 3/8 (4 3/04 (3 /84 ( /08 ( ( ( ( (1. «6 3» ( (3 1,, 3, 4, 5 5 B 1,, 3, 4 4 A 10 0/9 (4.. 0/8 ( ( 0/7 ( (1 0/6 (1 10 : 11 (. ( :. «...» ( (. (. ( ( : (. ( (1. ( ( ( ( ( (. (.. ( ( (. ( (3. ( (. ( ( ( ( (4.. ( (. ( ( (

17 ( ( ( ( «.». : 3 10 (1 11 ( 1 (3 14 (4 13 ( : ( ( ( ( ( ( (. (. (. (. ( ( (1 ( ( ( (3 ( ( ( (.... ( (. ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 1 3 ( (1 ( ( ( ( (. ( ( ( ( ( (3 ( ( ( ( ( (4. ( ( ( (

18 15... (. ( (..... ( : ( : ( ( ( (1. ( (. (. (. ( (. ( (. (. ( ( ( (3. (. ( ( ( (4. ( ( (1 (. (3. ( (. :) : ( %1 ( 980,400 ( 940,800 ( 35,00 ( 35,00 ( 7/5 ( ( 70 ( (4 ( 940,800 ( 980,400 ( 3,500 ( 3,500 ( 7/5 ( (1 70 ( ( (1. 5 ( ( ( ( (4.... (1 (3 4

19 (1 ( (3 (4 :. 131 ( ( ( 5,000 ( 4,000 ( 5,000 ( 4,000 ( 308 ( 308 ( 380 ( 380 ( 3,80 ( (1 3,80 ( ( 3,80 ( (3 3,80 ( ( (3 (... (1 : ( ( (. (. ( ( (1 4 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (3 4 ( ( ( (4 ( ( ( (1. (. (3. ( ( (4 (1 ( (1 ( (3 (

20 30 : 136. (1. (. (3. ( ( (4 (1 ( (1. (. (3. ( (4 () (1 () ( () (3 () (4 140 «.» (3 ( (1 : 141 ( (4 (1 (3 14 ( (4 (1 ( ( (4 (1 (3 144 ( (4 (1 ( ( (4 (1 (3 146 (1 ( (3 (4 6

21 : 147 (4 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (3 «( (4 () () () () ( ( ( ( ( (» (1 148 (1 ( (1 ( (3 (4 150 (1 ( (3 (4 151 (1 ( (3 (4 15 (1 ( (3 (4 153 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( (1 (3 (1 ( (3 ( (1 ( (3 (4 7

22 ( ( (1 (3 157 (1 ( (3 (4 158 (1 ( (3 (4 159 (4.. (3 ««(» (1 160 (1 ( (3 (4 ( ) 161 (1 ( (3 (4 16» (1 ( (3 (4 163 (1 ( (3 ( (1 ( (3 (4

23 165 (1 ( (3 (4 0 : (166171) :«!» 166! (1! (! (3! (4 :«!» 167! (1! (! (3! (4 : 168! :! (1! :! (! :! (3! :! (4! :! :! :! : : 169 (1 ( (3 (4 «!» : 170! (1! (! (3! (4 : 171 : (1 : ( : (3! :! (4 9

24 ( (4 (17173) :«!» 17 (1 (3 :«!» 173 ( (4 (1 (3 (174175) :( ) 174 / ( :) : (1 / : ( / () : (3 / ( :) : (4 : 175 / ( :) : (1 / ( :) : ( / ( ) : (3 / ( :) ( :) : (4! (! (4! (! (4 (176185) : 176! (1! (3 : 177! (1! (! (3! (4 : 178! (1! (3 : 179! (1! (! (3! (4 : 180! (1! (! (3! (4 10

25 ! (! (4! (! (4! (! (4! (! (4! (! (4 : 181 (1! (3 : 18! (1! (3 : 183! (1! (3 : 184! (1! (3 : 185! (1! (3 1 : (4 (4 ( ( (1 187 (3. (. (4 (4 ( ( (1. (3 189 (3 ( ( (. (4 ( (4. (1. (3 191 (1 (3 19. (. (4. (1. (3 193 (4 (3 ( (1 194 ( (4 ( (1 (3 195 (4 (1 (3

26 ( (3 ( (1 197 ( (4 (1 (3 198 (4 (3. ( (4. (4 ( ( (1. (3 00 (3 ( (1 13 : 01 ( (4 (1 ( /6 6/ 11 (4 60 7/4 6/ 11 (3 90 7/ ( / (1 03 ( (4 (1 (3 04. (1. (. (3. ( (4 (3 ( (1 06 (1 ( (3 ( (1 ( (3. (4

27 ( (. (3. %75 ( /4 5 ( (. (3. (4 10 (1 600 (. (3. (4 11. (1. (. (3. (4 1 (1 ( (3 (4 : 13. (1. (. (3. (4 14 ( (4 ( (4 (1 ( (1 (3 15 : : 16..» «.. (1 ( (3 (4 13

28 17 (4 (3 14 ( (1 18. (1. (. (3. ( (1 ( (3 (4 0 (1. (. (3. (4. (4 : 1 «.» «.» «.» «.» (3 ( (1 (1 ( (3 (4

29 3 () (1. ( (). (3. ( ) (4. 4. (1 (. (3. (4. 5 (1 ( (3 (4» 6 «(1 ( (3 ( (1 ( (3 ( (1 ( (3 (4 15

30 » 9 «(1 ( (3 (4 30» «(1 ( (3 (4 31. (1 ( (3 (4 3. (1 (. (3. (4.» 33 «(1 ( (3 (4 34 (1 ( (3 (4 16

31 35 (1. (. (3. (4. 5 : (. (4. (. (4. (. (4 17. (1. ( (1. ( (1. ( : 39 (4 (3. (. (4. (. (4 (4 (. (1 40. (1. ( (. (4. (1. (3 : 4. (1. ( (3 ( ( (1. (. (3. ( (. (4. (1. (3

32 . (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. (4. (. ( (1. ( (1. (3 48. (1. ( (1. ( (1. ( (1. ( (1. ( (1. (. (3. ( (1. (3 55. (1. (3 56. (1. (. (3. ( ( (4 (1 (3 58. (1. (. (3. (4 18

33 . (. (4. (. (4 59. (1. ( (1. (3 15 : ( (4 ( (1 (3 6. (1. (. 80 (3. (4 63 (1 (3 ( (3 (4 64 ( (1. 65 (4?. (1. (. (3. (4 66. (1. (. 4 (3. (4 (3 67 ( (1 () 68 (1 ( (3 ( (4 ( (4 (1 ( (3 ( (1

34 (4 (4 (3 71 ( (1 7 (3 ( (1. 73 (4 (3 ( (1 74 (4 (4 (3 ( (1 75 (3 ( (1 76. (1. (. (3. (4 77 (4 (4. (1. (. (3. ( (3 (3 ( (1 79 ( (1. 80 (4 (3 ( (1 0

35 93

36 1 1 : 1 : /. : : : /. 4 : : / : / : / : : : 3. : : : 4 : / : : 1 : 5 : : 4 : 6 ( ) : 3 : 7 : ( : ) : (7 : ) : ( : ) : 3 : 8 : / : / : 1 : 9 : / : / : : )! : / : : ( ) : /(! : :3 : /. : :4 : 10 :( ) ( ) (1 ) /( ) (1 ) :( ) / :( ) 1 : :( ) ( ) /( ) ( ) :( ) 4 : 11. ) : : :4 (.. ( ) : : : : / : :1 : /. ( ) : :3

37 ( ( + + : / + + : / 3 : : : + + ) /( + ) /( + + ) :1 + + ) /( + + ) /( + + ) : ( + ) /( + ) /( + ) :4 3 : 13 3 ( 5) ( + ) /( + ( 4) ( ) /(. 1 : 14 + ) : /( + ) /( + ) : + ) /( + ) /( + ) /( + ) : ( 1) ( + + ) : 4 : 15 : : 16 /[] / / / / [] / / / / / / // / / / / // / / / / / : ( 8) / / /. / / / [] / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / : ( 1) 1 : 17 :1 : 18 : / : : : :1 :3 :4 4 : 19. / :4. :1 / : :3 3 : 0 :3 :. /. :1 : :4 3 : 1 :3 / : 1 : :1 :

38 : 3. :. : 4 : 4. :4 : :1 9 :. :3 3 : 5 :3 : :1 :. /. :4 4 : 6 / / / / : : [3 ] : [ ]. : [3 ]. : 1 : 7 / / : : [3 ]. : [ ]. : [ ] : 4 : 8 / / : : + + » : : [ ]. «+ [ ]. 1 : 9 ) : : [ ]. ( : [ ]. 3

39 4 : 30 / / / : : ). : (3 ( 1 ). : ( ) : 4 : 31. () :. 4 : 3 (3 ). : (4 3 ) : ( ). : 1 (4 1 ) 3 : 33 «+» : (4 1 ). «). : (1 ) / (4 ) : +» (4 :.!....! () ()!... : 4 : 8 : 1 : 16 : 3 : 7 : 11 : 15 : : 6 : 10 : 14 :. : 1 : 5 : 9. : 13 : 17 4

40 : 3 : 34 : :1 :4 :3. :.. 1 : 35 :! :1! :! :3! :4. : : :! :1! :! :3! :4 :. 1 : 37 : :! :1! :! :3 ()! :4 :. 4 : 38 : 5

41 : ( ) :1 ( ) : (. ) :3 1 : 39 : :. ) : (. (. ) :3 :4 3 : 40 : » / :1 : :4 4 : 41 : :1 / : :3 4 : 4 : / :1 : :3 4 : : : : :1. : : :. : : :3. : 6

42 4 : : :. : :1! :. : :! :. : :3! : : : :. :. : :3. :. : :4 3 : :» :. «4 : 48. ( ). : : : : :1! : : :! : : :3! : 7

43 : 49.! : :. :1! :. :3! :. :4! : 1 : 50. ». 4 3 :. «8 1 : 51 ).. (. : 4 : 5». : ) «:. 4 (. : 53.» : 7. «.. 3 : 54 (. : ) : : ) :. ( () : : 55 : ) : 64.. (. 4 : 56.. :

44 ( + ). : 57 :... ). () :. (. () 1 : : : 60 : ) : 19 (. 1 : : 6. : ). ( 3 : 63 9 :. «.» :. 1 : : 65 () ). 9. (. : : 66 (). () 7 7. ().. 3 : 67 ) :.. ( 9

45 1 : 68 (. : ) : ( ).. 4 : 69 : «.» :1 «. () (: )» : «.» :3 «.» :4. ( ).. 3 : 70 ( / ) :... «.» : 71 : ). (. 1 : 7 ). : ). (. (. : ()..... (... ). 4 : 74 ). :. (. 3 : 75 ).. ( 10

46 a lovely long «.» 1 : 76 : 1 : grey woolen rug 3 : 77 «.» : ( ) : ( ) PP ( ( + ing (1. ing (study) (the researchers) : : The researchers who/ that study the causes of greenhouse gases.. The researchers studying the causes of greenhouse gases.. such a/an + () + + (that + ) 4 : 78 «.» : such a : 3 : 79 :A «.» :B may/ might not have + pp :. : 80 ( ) ( ) (4 (4 (3 (. (1 : 81. ( (4 (1 (3 be far removed from: : 1 : 8. (3 ( (1 4 : 83 (4 (3 (. (1 1 : 84. (... (4 (1 (3 11

47 (4 (4 (4 : 85. (3 ( (1 3 : 86. (3 ( (1 3 : 87. (3 ( (1 :Cloze test ().. (4 (4 (3 (3 ( (. 4 : 88 (1 4 : 89 (1 4 : 90 ( )even though thoughalthough : (4 ( (4 (3 (. : 91 (1 (3 1 : 9 (1 : () (. ). ()... ) ( ()

48 ( (4. (. (4. (. (4 3 : 93 (1 (3 4 : 94. (1. (3 1 : 95. (1. (3 : () 4. (1. ( ( (4 (. (3. (4 : 1 : (1 (3 3 : (4 (1 (3 4 : (1 ( (3 (4 1 : «...» () (1 ( (3 (4 13

49 { 3678} { 456} { } { 6} A =,,,,,B =,,, A B =,,,,,, A (A B) =,,,,, =,, A B =, 3 : 101 : : { 3678} { 6} { 378} { } { 3 7 8} { 4 5 6} (AB) A (A B) =,,,,,,,, =,,, A B A B A B 4 : : : A (A B) = A B A B A B A B (AB) (A B) = B A (A B) = A B AB (A (A B)) = (AB) (A B) = E ( ) ( ) 1 ( ) = = = = = = 4 4 = = = ( ) ( 0/ 75) = ( ) = ( ) = = B 1 : (x 3) 3 x 3x + 8x 4 = x (x 3) + 8(x 3) (x 3)(x + 8) = (x 3)(x + )(x x + 4) 3 x 3 1 x( x + 1) 3 (x + 1) + 1 ( x + 1 ) ( + ) ( ) ( ) x x+ 1 x x+ 1 A x + x 3 x+ 3 x + x 3 x+ 1 = = x x+ 1 x x+ 3. (x + ) 3 : : 104 A = x + x 3 A = 4x + ( x) 6 A = ( x + 3)( x ) A = ( x + 3) (x 1) A = ( x + 3)(x 1) = (x 1)( x + 3) x x + 1 x + 3 (x 1)(x + 1) x 1 1 = = x x x x 14

50 = 8 3 = 3 = = 3 3 = 3 = = ( 5) = = = = 16 5 = 4 5 = 4 5 = = 6 9= 3 k = 15 C = = 3 = ( 15) = R 45 C = = = 5 k 9 = C = = : 105 : 1 : 106. = R = k C= 3 15= 45 + ( 15 4)C= = : 107 :. : : 108 : = = 380 = ( 5 70) + ( ) = = 380 = = ( 6 80) + ( ) = = 495 = = ( 7 90) + ( ) = = = = 1530 x = = : 70 y i = x i 70 : 5, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 10, 11, 11, 1, 14, 17, 1,, 3, 3, 3, 4, = = = = 15 x = y+ 70 = : 1 : 109 x + 5x ( 1 ) + 5( 1 ) ( 1+ ) ( 3 ) f(x) = f( 1 ) = = = x ( 1 ) f( 1 ) = = = : 110 y y m(x x ) (x,y ) = ( 4, ) = 4 8 m= y = (x + ) y = x +. B A y = x x = 4 x+ 8= x x x 8= 0 (x 4)(x + ) = 0 x = y= x A( 4, 16) A+ B M = = (, ) = ( 110, ) y x 8 AB = + B(, 4)

51 1 x+ 1 0 x x x 0 x x+ 1 = x x + 1= (x ) x+ 1= x + 4 4x 6 = ( ) 4 3 = 1 4 b ± 6± 4 x 6x+ 3= 0 x= = x = 3± 6 a. x = : 111 :. x 1 : 11 : f(x) = x g(x) = (x ) h(x) = (x ) 3 : h h(x) = (x 4x + 4) 3= x x+ 3= x x 1 : 1 a = b 1 x = = f(x) = x b= 0 S a S S c = 0 y = 0 y = a(x x ) + y y = (x ) y = (x x + ) = x x + y = x x 4 : C( 4, ) 6! 6 5 4! C( 6, ) = = = 15! 4! 4! 4! 4 3! C( 4, ) = = = 6!!!! C(, ) = = 1 0!! C( 6, ) C( 4, ) C(, ) = = 90. C( 6, ) 4. C(, ) : 4 : 114 n : an = a 1 + (n 1)d S n = ( a 1 + (n 1)d) 5 (a d) = 60 a1 + a + + a5 = 60 a4 + a 5 = 3(a1 + a3 + a 3) 3 a1 + 3d+ a1+ 4d = 3( ( a1 + d)) a1 + 7d = 3( 3a1 + 3d) 5a1 + 10d = 60 5a1 + 10d = 60 ( 5) 5a1 + 10d = 60 a1 + 7d 9a1 9d = 0 7a1 d = 0 35a1 10d = a1 = 60 a1 = = 30 a1= 14 7a1 d = 0 7( ) d = 0 14= d d = = 7

52 n(n + 1) : an = = a14 = = 7 15 = 105 n a log(ab) = loga + logb, loga = n loga, loga logb = log b 3 : 115 : 116 : 1 1 x 3 log x log(x ) = log 3 + log8 log = log( 3) + log( ) 3 3 x x 1 x log log 3 log log log ( 3 ) x = + x = x 1 = 6 x= 6x 1 6x x = 1 5x= 1 x= x = / 4 x 5 4 : r A = A ( + ) 1t A5= xa,t 5 1 = t 1 r = 04 / 0/ A 60 xa = A ( 1+ ) x = ( 1/ 0) 1 60 log x = log( 1/ 0) log x = 60(log 1/ 0 ) (*) 10 log( 1/ 0) = log( ) = log 10 log 10 = / 0086 = 0/ 0086 (**) 10 (*) (**) log x = 6 0 / 0086 = 0 / 516 log 38 = / 516 log 3 / 8 = / 516 = 0 / 516 log x = 0/ 516 x = 3/ 8 log 3/ 8= 0/ 516 = ( 80 + x)( 450 5x) = 5x + 50 x b 50 x = = = 5 a ( 5) : (A5 = xa ) : : : 118 : x : : : = 5 ( 5) + 50 ( 5) = 3615 : y max = 4a ( 50 4 ( 5) 36000) = = = ( 5) = = = = : = = = : 119 : 17

53 A = 3 : 10 : A B A = = A = 4 4 P(A ) = = = B = 5 8 P(A) = 1 P(A ) P(A) = 1 = = 0/ : 11 (. (. (... ( (.. (. + (x) = x = 40 (y) y = 10 + = 15 + x = 55 1 : 1 y+ 40 = 50 y = : 13. (... ( (.. () (. 1 : 14. ( :. ( () ( ) (). ( ). (.( ). ( (. (.

54 4 : 15 (.. (. ( (. (. 3 : :.. : = = 100 / : 100 / = 940 / 8 = 940 / 800 : 940, 800 %1 = 78, , = 35, : 17 : : : : : ( 1800) + 80 = : 131 : [ ] (() ) ( ) = = 380 : ( 1800) = : 13 1 : ( (. (.. (

55 3 : : 134. : : : : 138 : :. 4 : 139 : : 3 : 140 «.» : 4 : : : : 1 :

56 : 145. : : : / ( ) : / : : : ( )... ( ) : / : (1 : /( ) : / : (3 : / : / : (4 3 : 147 (1 ) ( ) /( ) (1 ) :( ) / :( ) :( ) / ( ) / :( ) 1 : 148 : / : / : : ( ) 9 : *!. 1 : : : 3 : 149 : / : : ( ) (1 ) /( ) (1 ) : / : (1 : / : (!. :. :. : 3 : :. : () / : 1 () / : () / : 3 () / : 4 ( ). / / : (4 : : 150 : : : (1 : (3 ( ) 4 : (4 4 ). (! 1

57 1 : 151 : / : : /() : / : / : / : ( (6) : /() : / : / : / : (3 (3) : /() : / : / : / : (4 4 : 15 () : / : / : / : / : : (1) / : / : / : / : (1 (1) : / : / / : / : ( (1) : / : / : / : / : (3 : 153 : 3 : 154 :3

58 3 : :1 : ( ) :4 155 : 1 :1

59 4 : : :3 : : *. 4 : 156 : ( ) :

60 1 : 157 :1 ( ) : : ( ) :3 :4 : : :1 :3 :4 5

61 3 : : 160 :3 : :1 / : :4 1 : 161. :1 : :. :3 :4 : 16 / :. : 4 : 163 /. :4 : :1 : / / :3 : 164 / : / : 3 : 165 / :3 : :1 : / :4 6 1 : 166 / / : : (3 ). : () : ( ). ( ). :

62 7 4 : 167 / / : : ( 1 ). : ( ). : (3 ). : 4 : 168. :. : : 169. : :. :. :1. :3. :4 «1 : 170 (3 ). : (3 ). : (4 ). : 1 : 171 :. : / : : :.. : :3! :. : / : :4! : 4 : 17 :» : ( ) :1 ) /(. ) : (. (. ) :3

63 4 : 173 : : (. )» /(. ) :1 (. ) : (. ) (. ) :3. : 1 : 174 : : : : :3 : :4. : 3 : 175 : /( :) ( :) : :1 / : : /(. ) : :4 (. ) : :. :. :. : : «:1 : :3 : :4 4 : 177..! : :. :1. :. :! :. :3. : 8

64 3 : 178 [. ].. : :. :1. :. :. :. :4. : 4 : : : (. ) : :1! : (. ) : :. : ) :3 (.. : 1 : : : ( ) : / : :. : : / : :3. : : / : :4. : : : : : / : :1. : : / : :3. : : / : / : :4. : 9

65 1 : 18 :!( ) : : «...» : : (. ). : «...» : :3 (. ). : «...» :(. ) :4 (. ). : 4 : : : (. ). : :1. : ( ) : :. : ( ). :3. : 3 : 184 : :.. : : ( : / : / :) : :1. : ( : / : / : / :) : :. : ( : / : / : ) : :4. : 1 : 185.! :! :! :. :. :. :. :3. :4 30

66 3 : 186. ( ). 1 : : 188. : : : : : : : 195. : : : : 199 :.. :

67 3 1 : 01. : /4 3 : 03. : : /85 /86 4 : 06. (). 1 : : : 09. : : : ( ) : 13 8 / 5 8 / : : 15.

68 : : 17 () () () () 4 : 18. : 19.. :4 :4 :3 33 : 1 : 0 : :1 4 : 1 :3 : 1 : : :1 : 3 : :1 : :3 :4 : 4 : :4 :3 : :1 1 : 5 / / / 4 : 6 ( ).....

69 34 3 : : : 9.. ( ).. 3 : 30.. ( 1789). 3 : 31.. ( )... 4 : : 33 : 34.. :

70 1 : : : 38 /. 3 : 39 ( + ) () () /( ) 3 : : 41. () 1 : : 43.». «1 : 44 () (). : 45 () ( ) ( = + ) (). ( ) 4 : : : :

71 36 3 : 50.( ). : : : 53.. () 3 : 54.» :.«... 4 : 55» :..«1 : : : : 59.. : : 61 :..

72 4 : 6. 1 : 63 ). ( 4 : : 65.. : : 67. : 68. () 4 : : 70. ( ) 4 : : : : 74 () : :

73 : : 78.. : 79 :. 3 :