Thermal Stability of Ti-C-Ni-Cr and Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si Nanocomposite Coatings
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1 Journl of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS Therml Stility of Ti-C-Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si Nnocomposite Cotings To cite this rticle: A V Andreev et l 2015 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser View the rticle online for updtes nd enhncements. This content ws downloded from IP ddress on 22/07/2018 t 17:04
2 Therml Stility of Ti-C-Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si Nnocomposite Cotings A V Andreev 1, I Y Litovchenko 2, 3, A D Korotev 1, 2, 3, D P Borisov 1, 3 1 Tomsk Stte University, Tomsk, , RF 2 Sierin Physicl-Technicl Institute, Tomsk, , RF 3 Institute of Strength Physics nd Mterils Science SB RAS, Tomsk, , RF E-mil: lexrds@mil.ru Astrct. The results of the microstructure, mechnicl nd triologicl properties investigtions of Ti-C-Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si nnocomposite cotings sed on morphous cron in the initil stte nd fter the nneling to 900 C re presented. The effect of nneling temperture on the microstructure, triologicl nd mechnicl properties of Ti-C- Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si nnostructured cotings is discussed. 1. Introduction Recently, wide ttention is focused on the composite mterils ecuse of the possiility of cretion protective surfce lyer hving comintion of such properties s high hrdness, wer resistnce, therml stility nd low coefficient of friction [1]. A promising re of reserch in this field is development of the cotings sed on morphous cron (-C), which re used s the solid luricnt, nd nnoscle cride crystlline prticles nd (or) nitride phses. These cotings re of the type DNG / AM, (dispersed nnogrins in morphous mtrix) nd hve low internl stresses. These stresses re ssocited with the decresing of volume frction of sp 3 onds (dimond-like) nd incresing proportion of sp 2 onds (grphite-like) s result of doping morphous cron, for exmple, y the elements such s Cr, Si, Al, Ti [3]. Cotings of this type cn e used to improve the strength properties nd reducing the friction coefficient of some mnufctures in friction units. In the present pper the therml stility, nmely, the influence of nneling temperture on the structure-phse stte, triologicl nd mechnicl properties of Ti-C-Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si nnostructured cotings hve een investigted. 2. Mterils nd methods The Ti-C-Ni-Cr cotings were synthesized in the plsm mgnetron-rc fcility "Legend" [4] with three grphite cthodes (C 1, C 2, C 3 ) nd one composite titnium-cride cthode using nichrome s inder. To form Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si coting, one of the grphite cthodes ws replced y n AlCrSi cthode. Deposition prmeters re given in tle 1. The sustrtes were mde from VT1-0 titnium lloy, WCo hrd lloy (tungsten-colt) nd molydenum. Investigtion of smples y trnsmission electron microscopy ws performed on microscope Philips CM-12 t n ccelerting voltge of 120 kv. Microhrdness of the resulting cotings ws mesured y the Vickers method using specil ttchment to Neophot-21opticl microscope. Content from this work my e used under the terms of the Cretive Commons Attriution 3.0 licence. Any further distriution of this work must mintin ttriution to the uthor(s) nd the title of the work, journl cittion nd DOI. Pulished under licence y Ltd 1
3 Triologicl tests hve een crried out in high-temperture triometer in ll-on-disk mode with norml lod of 2 N on the sphericl indenter. On the studied cotings nnels t tempertures up to 900 C under high vcuum of Torr hve een mde. Tle 1. Regimes of cotings synthesis. Coting P (kw) U s (V) T ( C) t (min) P Ar+N (Torr) Ti-C-Ni-Cr Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si TiCNiCr C 1 C 2 C TiCNiCr AlCrSi C 1 C Results nd discussion Trnsmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigtions revel the presence in the Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting of nnocrystlline (TiC nd NiCr) phses nd the morphous phse (-C). The diffrction pttern contins diffuse hlo corresponding to the morphous phse, nd the diffrction rings corresponding to the crystlline phse TiC with smll crystllite size nd righter reflections corresponding to reltively lrge NiCr prticles (figure 1 ). It is ssumed tht chromium in this coting is prtilly dissolved in the morphous phse (up to 20 t. %). In the diffrction ptterns, these prticles (the prticles conglomertes) give some righter reflexes (figure 2 ). Titnium cride prticles re dispersed in n morphous mtrix sufficiently homogeneous. As res of high-density prticles, where the distnce etween the prticles is comprle with their sizes, s res, in which the distnce etween the prticles significntly exceeding these sizes, re oserved. In the diffrction pttern (figure 1 ) rings of the phse TiC re rodened, tht indictes out the smll size of the crystllites. Estimtes of sizes y the hlf-width of the diffrction pek component 1/25 Å-1 for reflex g = [111] TiC gives the vlues of 2.5 nm, which re consistent with the nlysis dt of drk-field imges. Investigtions of cotings cross-sections hve reveled fetures in the distriution of nnoscle prticles. At distnce of more thn 0.5 microns from the sustrte, structure of coting is homogeneous. It is represented y n morphous phse ( - C) with uniformly distriuted prticles of TiC nd NiCr (<10 nm) [5]. At distnce of less thn 0.5 microns from the sustrte prticles (or conglomertes) NiCr sizes up to 30 nm re oserved. 200 nm Figure 1. Drk-field imge () nd microdiffrction pttern () of Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting fter deposition. 2
4 Investigtion of the microstructure of the cotings Ti-C-Ni-Cr fter the nneling up to T = 900 C, 1h y trnsmission electron microscopy reveled tht sizes of the nnocrystlline phses (TiC nd NiCr) re reserved (figure 2). The formtion of new phses did not found. 200 nm Figure 2. Drk-field imge () nd microdiffrction pttern () of Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting fter the nneling t 900 C. Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si cotings fter deposition hve microstructure similr to coting Ti-C-Ni-Cr, ut different elements content. In Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si coting the cron content is significntly less. It should e noted tht in crystlline nnoprticles Al nd Si did not found. Therefore these elements re dissolved in the morphous cron mtrix. Investigtions of the microstructure of the Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si cotings fter the nneling up to T = 900 C, 1h y the methods of TEM lso reveled the stility of morphous nd nnocrystlline phses (TiC nd NiCr). The vlues of the coefficient of friction for Ti-Ni-Cr-C cotings fter deposition re in the rnge μ , for titnium lloy μ These vlues of the coefficient of friction re retined t the nneling up to 700 C. Incresing the nneling temperture up to 900 C leds to higher vlues (μ , figure 3 ) of friction coefficient of Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting, which is comprle with the coefficient of friction of the titnium lloy without coting (μ ). The incresing of the coefficient of friction is cused the formtion of oxide phses on the surfce of the coting tht ws confirmed y X-ry nlysis. Figure 3. Dependence of the coefficient of friction on the distnce trveled y the indenter on the Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting. () fter deposition, 1h, () fter the nneling 900 C, 1h. 3
5 From the nlysis of dependency of the friction coefficient from the distnce trveled y the indenter t different nneling tempertures for Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si coting, it follows tht the vlue of this coefficient fter the nneling t T = 900 C is prcticlly identicl with the initil vlue (μ 0.34). However, the nture of this dependence is vried considerly. The coefficient of friction chieves this vlue lmost from the eginning of the test (figure 4 ). The chnging of the nture of this dependence my indicte on degrdtion of the coting structure s well s the possile formtion of new phses, which increse the coefficient of friction. Figure 4. Dependence of the coefficient of friction on the distnce trveled y the indenter on the Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si coting. () fter deposition, 1h, () fter the nneling 900 C, 1h. Investigtions of mechnicl properties of the smples of titnium lloy with Ti-C-Ni-Cr coting showed tht the microhrdness of the composition retins its vlue up to T = 900 C. Moreover, there is some increse in hrdness from 14 GP in the initil stte to 18 GP fter the nneling. These vlues of microhrdness re in 5-7 times higher thn tht of titnium lloy (2 GP). It should e noted tht t incresing of lod the penetrtion depth of the indenter reches vlue close to the vlue of the coting thickness. Thus, is ctully determined the microhrdness of composition "sustrte + coting". Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si cotings on smples of titnium lloy lredy fter deposition hve somewht lower hrdness (10.7 GP). The nneling of these cotings cuses reduction of microhrdness vlues up to 9.4 GP (900 C). At present the physicl cuses of such ehvior microhrdness do not cler. Tle 2. The microhrdness H µ of the studied cotings efore nd fter the nneling. Coting Lod, g H µ efore nneling, GP H µ fter nneling 900 C, GP Ti-C-Ni-Cr ± ±0.9 Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si ± ± Conclusion Multielement nnocomposite cotings Ti-C-Ni-Cr nd Ti-C-Ni-Cr-Al-Si, hving sufficiently high (11-18 GP) hrdness, low (μ <0.2) the coefficient of friction nd high therml stility of the microstructure nd properties up to 700 C, were otined. After the nneling t 900 C the coefficient of friction increses, which cn e connected to form n oxide film on the coting. Coting structure is represented y the morphous mtrix with dissolved Al, Si, Cr, Ni metl elements nd nnosized prticles of crystlline phses (TiC nd NiCr). The high vlues of microhrdness re cused the structure of morphous cron nd nnosized prticles. The triologicl tests hve shown tht the Ti-C-Ni-Cr cotings hve low vlues (μ < 0.2) of the coefficient of friction, which is necessry for ntifriction pplictions. These vlues re ensured y 4
6 the morphous cron mtrix tht plys the role of solid luricnt. The resulting comintion of properties demonstrtes the possiility of pplying the considered cotings on the mnufctures of titnium lloys. Acknowledgements This study hs een performed with the support of RFBR (Grnt No r_siir_) nd Tomsk Stte University Competitiveness Improvement Progrm. References [1] Teer D G New solid luricnt cotigs 2001 Wer V [2] Musil J Hrd nnocomposite cotings: Therml stility, oxidtion resistnce nd toughness 2012 Surf. Cot. Techn. V [3] Musil J Physicl nd mechnicl properties of hrd nnocomposite films prepred y rective mgnetron sputtering 2006 Springer [4] Borisov D P, Detistov K N, Zenin A A, Korotev A D, Kuznetsov V M, Tyumentsev A N, Chulkov E V The development of effective vcuum plsm methods of surfce modifiction nd otining new mterils t TSU 2011 Russin Physics Journl V. 54 No [5] Andreev A V, Korotev A D, Litovchenko I Y, Tyumentsev A N, Borisov D P Microstructure nd triologicl properties of nnocomposite cotings sed on morphous cron 2015 Physicl Mesomechnics V. 18 No
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