Motion Graphs Practice

Transcription

1 Name Motion Graphs Practice d vs. t Graphs d vs. t Graphs d vs. t Graphs 1. The graph below represents the relationship between velocity and time of travel for a toy car moving in a straight line. 3. The graph below represents the displacement of an object moving in a straight line as a function of time. The shaded area under the line represents the toy car's displacement momentum acceleration speed 2. Which graph represents the motion of an object traveling with a positive velocity and a negative acceleration? What was the total distance traveled by the object during the 10.0-second time interval? 0 m 8 m 16 m 24 m 4. Which graph best represents the motion of a block accelerating uniformly down an inclined plane?

2 5. A cart travels with a constant nonzero acceleration along a straight line. Which graph best represents the relationship between the distance the cart travels and time of travel? 6. Which pair of graphs represents the same motion of an object?

3 7. The displacement-time graph below represents the motion of a cart initially moving forward along a straight line. 9. Which graph best represents the motion of an object whose speed is increasing? During which interval is the cart moving forward at constant speed? AB BC CD DE 8. Which graph best represents the relationship between acceleration due to gravity and mass for objects near the surface of Earth? [Neglect air resistance.] 10. Which pair of graphs represent the same motion?

4 Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the graph below, which represents the relationship between the displacement of an object and its time of travel along a straight line. 15. The graph represents the motion of a cart. According to the graph, as time increases, the speed of the cart decreases increases remains the same 16. The distance-time graph represents the motion of a laboratory cart. According to this graph, the cart is 11. What is the average speed of the object during the first 4.0 seconds? 0 m/s 2 m/s 8 m/s 4 m/s 12. What is the magnitude of the object's total displacement after 8.0 seconds? 0 m 2 m 8 m 16 m 13. The graph below shows the distance traveled by an object plotted against time. slowing down speeding up not moving moving at a constant speed 17. Which two graphs best represent the motion of an object falling freely from rest near Earth's surface? What is the distance covered by the object between the 2nd and 6th second? 8 m 2 m 6 m 4 m 14. The uniform motion of a cart is shown in the distance versus time graph below. What is the average speed of the cart? 18. The graph represents the relationship between distance and time for an object in motion. During which interval is the speed of the object changing? 0.5 m/s 2 m/s 5 m/s 50 m/s AB BC CD DE

5 Base your answers to questions 19 through 23 on the graph below which represents the displacement of an object as a function of time. 19. During which time interval is the object accelerating? 0-2 s 2-3 s 3-4 s 4-6 s 20. What is the average velocity of the object from t = 0 to t = 3 seconds? 1.0 m/s 2.0 m/s 3.0 m/s 0 m/s 21. During which time interval is the object at rest? 0-2 s 2-3 s 3-4 s 4-6 s 22. What is the velocity of the object at t = 1 second? 1.0 m/s 2.0 m/s 3.0 m/s 1.5 m/s 23. How far is the object from the starting point at the end of 3 seconds? 0 m 2.0 m 3.0 m 9.0 m 24. The graph below represents the motion of a body that is moving with 25. The graph below represents the relationship between distance and time for an object moving in a straight line. According to the graph, the object is increasing acceleration decreasing acceleration increasing speed constant speed motionless moving at a constant speed decelerating accelerating

6 26. The displacement-time graph below represents the motion of a cart along a straight line. 28. The graph below represents the motion of an object traveling in a straight line as a function of time. What is the average speed of the object during the first four seconds? During which interval was the cart accelerating? AB BC CD DE 27. The graph below represents the relationship between distance and time for an object. 1 m/s 2 m/s 0.5 m/s 0 m/s What is the instantaneous speed of the object at t = 5.0 seconds? 0 m/s 2.0 m/s 5.0 m/s 4.0 m/s

7 29. What is the acceleration of the car at t = 5.0 seconds? v vs. t Graphs v vs. t Graphs v vs. t Graphs 0.0 m/s m/s m/s m/s The graph below shows the relationship between the speed and elapsed time for an object falling freely from rest near the surface of a planet. 31. A student throws a baseball vertically upward and then catches it. If vertically upward is considered to be the positive direction, which graph best represents the relationship between velocity and time for the baseball? [Neglect friction.] What is the total distance the object falls during the first 3.0 seconds? 12 m 24 m 44 m 72 m

8 Base your answers to questions 32 and 33 on the graph below, which represents the motion of a car during a 6.0-second time interval. 36. The graph below shows the velocity of a race car moving along a straight line as a function of time. 32. What is the total distance traveled by the car during this 6.0-second interval? 10. m 20. m 40. m 60. m 33. The graph below represents the relationship between speed and time for an object moving along a straight line. What is the magnitude of the displacement of the car from t = 2.0 seconds to t = 4.0 seconds? 20. m 40. m 60. m 80. m 37. Cars A and B both start from rest at the same location at the same time. What is the total distance traveled by the object during the first 4 seconds? 5 m 20 m 40 m 80 m 34. A constant eastward horizontal force of 70 newtons is applied to a 20 -kilogram crate moving toward the east on a level floor. If the frictional force on the crate has a magnitude of 10 newtons, what is the magnitude of the crate's acceleration? 0.5 m/s m/s m/s m/s An object starts from rest and falls freely for 40. meters near the surface of planet P. If the time of fall is 4.0 seconds, what is the magnitude of acceleration due to gravity on planet P? Compared to the total distance traveled by car B during the 10 seconds, the total distance traveled by car A is less greater the same 38. A car traveling in a straight line at an initial speed of 8.0 meters per second accelerates uniformly to a speed of 14 meters per second over a distance of 44 meters. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car? 0.41 m/s m/s m/s m/s 2 0 m/s m/s m/s m/s 2

9 Base your answers to questions 39 through 41 on the graph below which represents the relationship between velocity and time for a 2.0-kilogram cart that is initially at rest and starts moving northward. 39. At which value of t will the cart be back at the starting point? t = 2.5 s t = 8.5 s t = 3 s t = 5 s 40. In which direction is the cart traveling at t = 4 seconds? north east south west 41. What is the acceleration of the cart at t = 8 seconds? 0 m/s 2 10 m/s 2 20 m/s 2-20 m/s 2 Base your answers to questions 42 through 47 on the graph below which represents the relationship between speed and time for an object in motion along a straight line. 42. What is the acceleration of the object during the time interval t = 3 seconds to t = 5 seconds? 5.0 m/sec m/sec m/sec m/sec What is the total distance traveled by the object during the first 3 seconds? 15 m 20 m 25 m 30 m 44. What is the maximum speed reached by the object during the 10 seconds of travel? 10 m/sec 25 m/sec 150 m/sec 250 m/sec 45. During the interval t = 8 seconds to t = 10 seconds, the speed of the object is zero increasing decreasing constant, but not zero 46. During which interval is the object's acceleration the greatest? AB CD DE EF

10 47. What is the average speed of the object during the time interval t = 6 seconds to t = 8 seconds'? 7.5 m/sec 10 m/sec 15 m/sec 17.5 m/sec Base your answers to questions 48 through 52 on the accompanying graph which represents the motions of four cars on a straight road. 48. Which car has zero acceleration? A B C D 49. Which car is decelerating? A B C D 50. Which graph best represents the relationship between distance and time for car C? 51. Which car moves the greatest distance in time interval t = 10 seconds to t = 16 seconds? A B C D 52. The speed of car C at t = 20 seconds is closest to 60 m/sec 45 m/sec 3.0 m/sec 600 m/sec

11 Base your answers to questions 53 through 57 on the graph below, which represents the motion of cars A and B on a straight track. Car B passes car A at the same instant that car A starts from rest at t = 0 seconds. 53. Which distance-time graph best represents the motion of car B during the time interval between t = 0 and t = 60? 54. During the time intervals given below, which car traveled the greatest distance? car A from t = 0 to t = 30 car A from t = 30 to t = 60 car B from t = 0 to t = 30 car B from t = 30 to t = How long after t = 0 did it take car A to catch up to car B? 10 sec. 20 sec. 30 sec. 60 sec. 56. How far did car A travel in the interval between t = 0 and t = 60? 30 m. 360 m. 1,800 m. 3,600 m. 57. What is the acceleration of car A during the interval between t = 0 and t = 60? 1 m./sec./sec. 10 m./sec./sec. 20 m./sec./sec. 30 m./sec./sec. 58. A car with an initial velocity of 16.0 meters per second east slows uniformly to 6.0 meters per second east in 4.0 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car during this 4.0 second interval? 2.5 m/s 2 west 2.5 m/s 2 east 4.0 m/s 2 west 4.0 m/s 2 east

12 59. The graph below shows the speed of an object plotted against the time. 62. The graph below shows speed as a function of time for four cars A, B, C, and D, in straight-line motion. The total distance traveled by the object during the first 4 seconds is 0.5 meter 2 meters 8 meters 4 meters 60. The diagram below represents the relationship between velocity and time of travel for four cars, A, B, C, and D, in straight-line motion. Which car experienced the greatest average acceleration during this 6.0-second interval? car A car B car C car D 63. The graph below represents the motion of a body moving along a straight line. According to the graph, which quantity related to the motion of the body is constant? Which car has the greatest acceleration during the time interval 10. seconds to 15 seconds? A B C D 61. The graph below represents the relationship between speed and time for a car moving in a straight line. speed velocity acceleration displacement 64. Which graph best represents the motion of an object that was initially at rest and is accelerating uniformly? The magnitude of the car's acceleration is 1.0 m/s m/s 2 10 m/s m/s 2

13 65. The graph below shows the relationship between speed and time for two objects, A and B. Compared with the acceleration of object B, the acceleration of object A is 67. The graph below represents the relationship between velocity and time for an object moving in a straight line. What is the acceleration of the object? one-third as great twice as great three times as great the same 66. Which graph best represents the relationship between velocity and time for an object which accelerates uniformly for 2 seconds, then moves at a constant velocity for 1 second, and finally decelerates for 3 seconds? What is the acceleration of the object? 0 m/sec 2 5 m/sec 2 3 m/sec 2 15 m/sec Cars A and B both start from rest at the same location at the same time. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of car A during the period between t = 8 seconds and t = 10 seconds? 20 m/s 2 16 m/s 2 8 m/s 2 4 m/s 2

14 69. The speed-time graph shown on the right represents the motion of an object. 70. Cars A and B both start from rest at the same location at the same time. Which graph best represents the relationship between acceleration and time for this object? Compared to the speed of car B at 6 seconds, the speed of car A at 6 seconds is less greater the same

15 Base your answers to questions 71 and 72 on the graph below, which shows the velocity of a 1,500-kilogram car during a 20-second-time interval During time interval CD, the average velocity of the car is 7.5 m./sec m./sec. 15 m./sec. 35 m./sec. 72. The acceleration of the car during time interval AB is 0.40 m./sec m./sec m./sec m./sec Which graph best represents an object in equilibrium moving in a straight line?

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17 Answer Key Motion Graphs Practice