= n which will be written with general term a n Represent this sequence by listing its function values in order:
|
|
- Antonia Pearson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Sectio 9.: Sequeces a Series (Sums) Remier:, 2, 3,, k 2, k, k, k +, k + 2, The ellipsis ots iicate the sequece is oeig, has ifiitely may terms. I. SEQUENCES Defiitio (page 706): A sequece is a fuctio whose omai is the set of positive itegers (coutig umbers, 2, 3,...) Example: Compare the fuctio f ( x) = x to the x + sequece f ( ) = which will be writte with geeral + term a =. + Represet this sequece by listig its fuctio values i orer: f (), f (2), f (3), f (4),...,,,, Istea of fuctio otatio, represet a sequece by subscripte letters: a, a a, a,..., 2, 3, 4,... 2, The values i the orere list are the terms of the sequece. Do t cofuse term umbers (omai values) with term values.
2 Sectio 9.: Sequeces a Series (Sums) The subscript represets the term umber a a represets the term value. This sequece is give by the formula{ a} = or more simplya + =. + Vocabulary: preceig, succeeig, Give the geeral term, fi the sequece examples: th term First five terms 00 th term a= 2 a 2 = a = 2 a 2 = ( ) a = + ( ) + a = + Give the sequece, fi the geeral term examples: First few terms, ext term 00 th term th term 3, 6, 9, 2, 5,,,,, ,,,, , 5, 6, 7,
3 Sectio 9.: Sequeces a Series (Sums) Defiitio (page 708) Factorial: If is a whole umber,! is the prouct of the whole umbers from up to :! = 2 3 ( 2)( ) 0! = a! = Examples with Factorials: 7! = List the first five terms of the sequece: a x =! 7! 9! =! = ( + 3)! Defiitio: A sequece whose th term epes o oe or more of the terms preceig it is recursive. Examples of Recursive Sequeces: a = 2, a = 2 a + 5 The Fiboacci Sequece,, 2, 3, 5, 8,... is efie recursively as F =, F 2 = af = F + F 2 3
4 Sectio 9.: Sequeces a Series (Sums) II. SERIES (SUMS) I calculus, terms of a sequece are ae to compute itegrals. Partial sums for the sequece a, a, a, a,..., a..., S k = a (st partial sum) S = a + a (2 partial sum) 2 2 S = a + a + a (3r partial sum) S = a + a + a + a (4th partial sum) S = a + a + a + a a + a (th partial sum) S = a a a (ifiite sum) We ca also write the partial sum usig sigma otatio S = a + a + a + a a + a = a k= The Greek capital letter sigmaσ iicates aitio. The iteger k is calle the iex of summatio. The lower limit of summatio is ; the upper limit of summatio is. Example: For, 3, 9, 27,... fi S a 4 S. 6 Example: Write out the sums 6 k k 7 = + a 4 ( ). = 0! Page 74 66, 68, 70, 74 k 4
5 Sectio 9.: Arithmetic Sequeces a Series I. ARITHMETIC SEQUENCES Examples: These sequeces are arithmetic: 5,,3,7,... a 5,2,, 4, 7,... Defiitio: A sequece is arithmetic whe the ifferece betwee successive terms is a costat : a a = a a =... = a a = + A arithmetic sequece is efie recursively as: a = a a a = a + (page 77) + The commo ifferece is fou by takig ay term a subtractig its preecessor= a a. + Here are the first few terms of a arithmetic sequece: a = a a 2 = a + = a + a = a + = a + + = a a = a + = a = a a = a + = a = a The geeral patter is a= a + = a + ( ) th term of a Arithmetic Sequece: Page 723 8, 0, 8, 20, 26, 32, 38 a= a + ( ) 5
6 Sectio 9.2: Arithmetic Sequeces & Series II. ARITHMETIC SERIES (SUMS) To fi the sum of terms of a arithmetic sequece (page 70), use oe of two formulas: S= ( a + a ) 2 or S= 2 a + ( ) 2 Where o these formulas come from? Page , 50 6
7 Sectio 9.3: Geometric Sequeces a Series GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES Examples: These sequeces are geometric: 2, 2, 6,8, a 6, 2, 2, 2, 2, Defiitio: A sequece is geometric whe the ratio betwee successive terms is a costat r. A arithmetic sequece is efie recursively as: a = a a a ra + = The commo ratio r is fou by takig ay term a iviig by its preecessor r= a a. + / Here are the first few terms of a geometric sequece: a = a = a r0 a = ra = a r 2 a = ra = r( a r) = a r2 3 2 = = ( 2) = a ra r a r a r The geeral patter is a = ra = a r This allows us to efie a geometric sequece by its th term: a = a r (page 727) Page 735 4, 6, 4, 6, 24, 30 7
8 Sectio 9.3 Geometric Sequeces & Series II. GEOMETRIC SERIES To fi the sum of terms of a geometric sequece (page 597): S = a r = a + a r+ a r + a r +... a r = a k= Page , 36 k 2 3 ( r) ( r) If the terms of the sequece are gettig small (approachig zero) quickly eough, a ifiite series will sometimes approach a umber. A ifiite geometric series a + a r+ a r2+ a r3+... a ri = will i= approach a limitig umber as log as r is a umber with absolute value smaller tha. The sum of a ifiite geometric series is S a = = a r if = 0 r Page , 50 r<. (Page 73) 8
Unit 6: Sequences and Series
AMHS Hoors Algebra 2 - Uit 6 Uit 6: Sequeces ad Series 26 Sequeces Defiitio: A sequece is a ordered list of umbers ad is formally defied as a fuctio whose domai is the set of positive itegers. It is commo
More informationis also known as the general term of the sequence
Lesso : Sequeces ad Series Outlie Objectives: I ca determie whether a sequece has a patter. I ca determie whether a sequece ca be geeralized to fid a formula for the geeral term i the sequece. I ca determie
More informationLecture 2.5: Sequences
Lecture.5: Sequeces CS 50, Discrete Structures, Fall 015 Nitesh Saxea Adopted from previous lectures by Zeph Gruschlag Course Admi HW posted Covers Chapter Due Oct 0 (Tue) Mid Term 1: Oct 15 (Thursday)
More informationSequences, Sums, and Products
CSCE 222 Discrete Structures for Computig Sequeces, Sums, ad Products Dr. Philip C. Ritchey Sequeces A sequece is a fuctio from a subset of the itegers to a set S. A discrete structure used to represet
More informationSection 7 Fundamentals of Sequences and Series
ectio Fudametals of equeces ad eries. Defiitio ad examples of sequeces A sequece ca be thought of as a ifiite list of umbers. 0, -, -0, -, -0...,,,,,,. (iii),,,,... Defiitio: A sequece is a fuctio which
More informationInfinite Sequences and Series
Chapter 6 Ifiite Sequeces ad Series 6.1 Ifiite Sequeces 6.1.1 Elemetary Cocepts Simply speakig, a sequece is a ordered list of umbers writte: {a 1, a 2, a 3,...a, a +1,...} where the elemets a i represet
More information11.1 Arithmetic Sequences and Series
11.1 Arithmetic Sequeces ad Series A itroductio 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 9, 1, 7, 15 6., 6.6, 7, 7.4 ππ+, 3, π+ 6 Arithmetic Sequeces ADD To get ext term 35 1 7. 3π + 9, 4, 8, 16, 3 9, 3, 1, 1/ 3 1,1/ 4,1/16,1/
More informationSequences, Mathematical Induction, and Recursion. CSE 2353 Discrete Computational Structures Spring 2018
CSE 353 Discrete Computatioal Structures Sprig 08 Sequeces, Mathematical Iductio, ad Recursio (Chapter 5, Epp) Note: some course slides adopted from publisher-provided material Overview May mathematical
More informationChapter 6: Numerical Series
Chapter 6: Numerical Series 327 Chapter 6 Overview: Sequeces ad Numerical Series I most texts, the topic of sequeces ad series appears, at first, to be a side topic. There are almost o derivatives or itegrals
More informationChapter 6 Overview: Sequences and Numerical Series. For the purposes of AP, this topic is broken into four basic subtopics:
Chapter 6 Overview: Sequeces ad Numerical Series I most texts, the topic of sequeces ad series appears, at first, to be a side topic. There are almost o derivatives or itegrals (which is what most studets
More informationChapter 7: Numerical Series
Chapter 7: Numerical Series Chapter 7 Overview: Sequeces ad Numerical Series I most texts, the topic of sequeces ad series appears, at first, to be a side topic. There are almost o derivatives or itegrals
More informationTopic 1 2: Sequences and Series. A sequence is an ordered list of numbers, e.g. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or
Topic : Sequeces ad Series A sequece is a ordered list of umbers, e.g.,,, 8, 6, or,,,.... A series is a sum of the terms of a sequece, e.g. + + + 8 + 6 + or... Sigma Notatio b The otatio f ( k) is shorthad
More information2.4 - Sequences and Series
2.4 - Sequeces ad Series Sequeces A sequece is a ordered list of elemets. Defiitio 1 A sequece is a fuctio from a subset of the set of itegers (usually either the set 80, 1, 2, 3,... < or the set 81, 2,
More information5 Sequences and Series
Bria E. Veitch 5 Sequeces ad Series 5. Sequeces A sequece is a list of umbers i a defiite order. a is the first term a 2 is the secod term a is the -th term The sequece {a, a 2, a 3,..., a,..., } is a
More informationCHAPTER 10 INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES
CHAPTER 10 INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES 10.1 Sequeces 10.2 Ifiite Series 10.3 The Itegral Tests 10.4 Compariso Tests 10.5 The Ratio ad Root Tests 10.6 Alteratig Series: Absolute ad Coditioal Covergece
More informationMIXED REVIEW of Problem Solving
MIXED REVIEW of Problem Solvig STATE TEST PRACTICE classzoe.com Lessos 2.4 2.. MULTI-STEP PROBLEM A ball is dropped from a height of 2 feet. Each time the ball hits the groud, it bouces to 70% of its previous
More informationSection 6.4: Series. Section 6.4 Series 413
ectio 64 eries 4 ectio 64: eries A couple decides to start a college fud for their daughter They pla to ivest $50 i the fud each moth The fud pays 6% aual iterest, compouded mothly How much moey will they
More informationT1.1 Lesson 3 - Arithmetic & Geometric Series & Summation Notation
Fast Five T. Lesso 3 - Arithmetic & Geometric eries & ummatio Notatio Math L - atowski Fid the sum of the first 00 umbers Outlie a way to solve this problem ad the carry out your pla Fid the sum of the
More informationSigma notation. 2.1 Introduction
Sigma otatio. Itroductio We use sigma otatio to idicate the summatio process whe we have several (or ifiitely may) terms to add up. You may have see sigma otatio i earlier courses. It is used to idicate
More informationInfinite Series. Definition. An infinite series is an expression of the form. Where the numbers u k are called the terms of the series.
Ifiite Series Defiitio. A ifiite series is a expressio of the form uk = u + u + u + + u + () 2 3 k Where the umbers u k are called the terms of the series. Such a expressio is meat to be the result of
More information62. Power series Definition 16. (Power series) Given a sequence {c n }, the series. c n x n = c 0 + c 1 x + c 2 x 2 + c 3 x 3 +
62. Power series Defiitio 16. (Power series) Give a sequece {c }, the series c x = c 0 + c 1 x + c 2 x 2 + c 3 x 3 + is called a power series i the variable x. The umbers c are called the coefficiets of
More informationAP Calculus BC Review Chapter 12 (Sequences and Series), Part Two. n n th derivative of f at x = 5 is given by = x = approximates ( 6)
AP Calculus BC Review Chapter (Sequeces a Series), Part Two Thigs to Kow a Be Able to Do Uersta the meaig of a power series cetere at either or a arbitrary a Uersta raii a itervals of covergece, a kow
More informationSEQUENCES AND SERIES
9 SEQUENCES AND SERIES INTRODUCTION Sequeces have may importat applicatios i several spheres of huma activities Whe a collectio of objects is arraged i a defiite order such that it has a idetified first
More informationIf we want to add up the area of four rectangles, we could find the area of each rectangle and then write this sum symbolically as:
Sigma Notatio: If we wat to add up the area of four rectagles, we could fid the area of each rectagle ad the write this sum symbolically as: Sum A A A A Liewise, the sum of the areas of te triagles could
More informationSolving equations (incl. radical equations) involving these skills, but ultimately solvable by factoring/quadratic formula (no complex roots)
Evet A: Fuctios ad Algebraic Maipulatio Factorig Square of a sum: ( a + b) = a + ab + b Square of a differece: ( a b) = a ab + b Differece of squares: a b = ( a b )(a + b ) Differece of cubes: a 3 b 3
More informationRecurrence Relations
Recurrece Relatios Aalysis of recursive algorithms, such as: it factorial (it ) { if (==0) retur ; else retur ( * factorial(-)); } Let t be the umber of multiplicatios eeded to calculate factorial(). The
More informationChapter 10: Power Series
Chapter : Power Series 57 Chapter Overview: Power Series The reaso series are part of a Calculus course is that there are fuctios which caot be itegrated. All power series, though, ca be itegrated because
More informationsin(n) + 2 cos(2n) n 3/2 3 sin(n) 2cos(2n) n 3/2 a n =
60. Ratio ad root tests 60.1. Absolutely coverget series. Defiitio 13. (Absolute covergece) A series a is called absolutely coverget if the series of absolute values a is coverget. The absolute covergece
More informationSequences A sequence of numbers is a function whose domain is the positive integers. We can see that the sequence
Sequeces A sequece of umbers is a fuctio whose domai is the positive itegers. We ca see that the sequece 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3,... is a fuctio from the positive itegers whe we write the first sequece elemet
More informationSECTION 1.5 : SUMMATION NOTATION + WORK WITH SEQUENCES
SECTION 1.5 : SUMMATION NOTATION + WORK WITH SEQUENCES Read Sectio 1.5 (pages 5 9) Overview I Sectio 1.5 we lear to work with summatio otatio ad formulas. We will also itroduce a brief overview of sequeces,
More informationMISCELLANEOUS SEQUENCES & SERIES QUESTIONS
MISCELLANEOUS SEQUENCES & SERIES QUESTIONS Questio (***+) Evaluate the followig sum 30 r ( 2) 4r 78. 3 MP2-V, 75,822,200 Questio 2 (***+) Three umbers, A, B, C i that order, are i geometric progressio
More information4.1 Sigma Notation and Riemann Sums
0 the itegral. Sigma Notatio ad Riema Sums Oe strategy for calculatig the area of a regio is to cut the regio ito simple shapes, calculate the area of each simple shape, ad the add these smaller areas
More information4.1 SIGMA NOTATION AND RIEMANN SUMS
.1 Sigma Notatio ad Riema Sums Cotemporary Calculus 1.1 SIGMA NOTATION AND RIEMANN SUMS Oe strategy for calculatig the area of a regio is to cut the regio ito simple shapes, calculate the area of each
More informationSequences. A Sequence is a list of numbers written in order.
Sequeces A Sequece is a list of umbers writte i order. {a, a 2, a 3,... } The sequece may be ifiite. The th term of the sequece is the th umber o the list. O the list above a = st term, a 2 = 2 d term,
More informationINFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES
11 INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES 11.4 The Compariso Tests I this sectio, we will lear: How to fid the value of a series by comparig it with a kow series. COMPARISON TESTS
More informationCHAPTER 2 SEQUENCES AND SERIES OUTLINE Geometric Series Infinite Geometric Series and Sigma Notation 4 Review
CHAPTER SEQUENCES AND SERIES OUTLINE Day Sectio Topic.7 Geometric Sequeces.8 Geometric Series 3.9 Ifiite Geometric Series ad Sigma Notatio 4 Review 5 Review 6 Chapter Test Terry Fox Math 007 .7 GEOMETRIC
More informationAnalytic Number Theory Solutions
Aalytic Number Theory Solutios Sea Li Corell Uiversity sl6@corell.eu Ja. 03 Itrouctio This ocumet is a work-i-progress solutio maual for Tom Apostol s Itrouctio to Aalytic Number Theory. The solutios were
More informationSums, products and sequences
Sums, products ad sequeces How to write log sums, e.g., 1+2+ (-1)+ cocisely? i=1 Sum otatio ( sum from 1 to ): i 3 = 1 + 2 + + If =3, i=1 i = 1+2+3=6. The ame ii does ot matter. Could use aother letter
More informationModern Algebra 1 Section 1 Assignment 1. Solution: We have to show that if you knock down any one domino, then it knocks down the one behind it.
Moder Algebra 1 Sectio 1 Assigmet 1 JOHN PERRY Eercise 1 (pg 11 Warm-up c) Suppose we have a ifiite row of domioes, set up o ed What sort of iductio argumet would covice us that ocig dow the first domio
More informationInfinite Series and Improper Integrals
8 Special Fuctios Ifiite Series ad Improper Itegrals Ifiite series are importat i almost all areas of mathematics ad egieerig I additio to umerous other uses, they are used to defie certai fuctios ad to
More informationPhysics 116A Solutions to Homework Set #1 Winter Boas, problem Use equation 1.8 to find a fraction describing
Physics 6A Solutios to Homework Set # Witer 0. Boas, problem. 8 Use equatio.8 to fid a fractio describig 0.694444444... Start with the formula S = a, ad otice that we ca remove ay umber of r fiite decimals
More informationMath 2784 (or 2794W) University of Connecticut
ORDERS OF GROWTH PAT SMITH Math 2784 (or 2794W) Uiversity of Coecticut Date: Mar. 2, 22. ORDERS OF GROWTH. Itroductio Gaiig a ituitive feel for the relative growth of fuctios is importat if you really
More informationSequences. Notation. Convergence of a Sequence
Sequeces A sequece is essetially just a list. Defiitio (Sequece of Real Numbers). A sequece of real umbers is a fuctio Z (, ) R for some real umber. Do t let the descriptio of the domai cofuse you; it
More informationIt is always the case that unions, intersections, complements, and set differences are preserved by the inverse image of a function.
MATH 532 Measurable Fuctios Dr. Neal, WKU Throughout, let ( X, F, µ) be a measure space ad let (!, F, P ) deote the special case of a probability space. We shall ow begi to study real-valued fuctios defied
More informationA sequence of numbers is a function whose domain is the positive integers. We can see that the sequence
Sequeces A sequece of umbers is a fuctio whose domai is the positive itegers. We ca see that the sequece,, 2, 2, 3, 3,... is a fuctio from the positive itegers whe we write the first sequece elemet as
More informationSOME TRIBONACCI IDENTITIES
Mathematics Today Vol.7(Dec-011) 1-9 ISSN 0976-38 Abstract: SOME TRIBONACCI IDENTITIES Shah Devbhadra V. Sir P.T.Sarvajaik College of Sciece, Athwalies, Surat 395001. e-mail : drdvshah@yahoo.com The sequece
More informationINFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES
INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES I geeral, it is difficult to fid the exact sum of a series. We were able to accomplish this for geometric series ad the series /[(+)]. This is
More informationMa 530 Infinite Series I
Ma 50 Ifiite Series I Please ote that i additio to the material below this lecture icorporated material from the Visual Calculus web site. The material o sequeces is at Visual Sequeces. (To use this li
More information= = =
Sec 5.8 Sec 6. Mathematical Modelig (Arithmetic & Geometric Series) Name: Carl Friedrich Gauss is probably oe of the most oted complete mathematicias i history. As the story goes, he was potetially recogiized
More informationDefine and Use Sequences and Series
. a., A..A; P..A, P..B TEKS Defie ad Use Sequeces ad Series Before You idetified ad wrote fuctios. Now You will recogize ad write rules for umber patters. Why? So you ca fid agle measures, as i Ex.. Key
More information2.4 Sequences, Sequences of Sets
72 CHAPTER 2. IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF R 2.4 Sequeces, Sequeces of Sets 2.4.1 Sequeces Defiitio 2.4.1 (sequece Let S R. 1. A sequece i S is a fuctio f : K S where K = { N : 0 for some 0 N}. 2. For each
More informationSection 11.8: Power Series
Sectio 11.8: Power Series 1. Power Series I this sectio, we cosider geeralizig the cocept of a series. Recall that a series is a ifiite sum of umbers a. We ca talk about whether or ot it coverges ad i
More information10.6 ALTERNATING SERIES
0.6 Alteratig Series Cotemporary Calculus 0.6 ALTERNATING SERIES I the last two sectios we cosidered tests for the covergece of series whose terms were all positive. I this sectio we examie series whose
More informationMTH112 Trigonometry 2 2 2, 2. 5π 6. cscθ = 1 sinθ = r y. secθ = 1 cosθ = r x. cotθ = 1 tanθ = cosθ. central angle time. = θ t.
MTH Trigoometry,, 5, 50 5 0 y 90 0, 5 0,, 80 0 0 0 (, 0) x, 7, 0 5 5 0, 00 5 5 0 7,,, Defiitios: siθ = opp. hyp. = y r cosθ = adj. hyp. = x r taθ = opp. adj. = siθ cosθ = y x cscθ = siθ = r y secθ = cosθ
More informationSome Basic Probability Concepts. 2.1 Experiments, Outcomes and Random Variables
Some Basic Probability Cocepts 2. Experimets, Outcomes ad Radom Variables A radom variable is a variable whose value is ukow util it is observed. The value of a radom variable results from a experimet;
More information10.2 Infinite Series Contemporary Calculus 1
10. Ifiite Series Cotemporary Calculus 1 10. INFINITE SERIES Our goal i this sectio is to add together the umbers i a sequece. Sice it would take a very log time to add together the ifiite umber of umbers,
More informationa 3, a 4, ... are the terms of the sequence. The number a n is the nth term of the sequence, and the entire sequence is denoted by a n
60_090.qxd //0 : PM Page 59 59 CHAPTER 9 Ifiite Series Sectio 9. EXPLORATION Fidig Patters Describe a patter for each of the followig sequeces. The use your descriptio to write a formula for the th term
More informationEssential Question How can you recognize an arithmetic sequence from its graph?
. Aalyzig Arithmetic Sequeces ad Series COMMON CORE Learig Stadards HSF-IF.A.3 HSF-BF.A. HSF-LE.A. Essetial Questio How ca you recogize a arithmetic sequece from its graph? I a arithmetic sequece, the
More informationis an ordered list of numbers. Each number in a sequence is a term of a sequence. n-1 term
Mthemticl Ptters. Arithmetic Sequeces. Arithmetic Series. To idetify mthemticl ptters foud sequece. To use formul to fid the th term of sequece. To defie, idetify, d pply rithmetic sequeces. To defie rithmetic
More information10.1 Sequences. n term. We will deal a. a n or a n n. ( 1) n ( 1) n 1 2 ( 1) a =, 0 0,,,,, ln n. n an 2. n term.
0. Sequeces A sequece is a list of umbers writte i a defiite order: a, a,, a, a is called the first term, a is the secod term, ad i geeral eclusively with ifiite sequeces ad so each term Notatio: the sequece
More informationSEQUENCES AND SERIES
Chapter 9 SEQUENCES AND SERIES Natural umbers are the product of huma spirit. DEDEKIND 9. Itroductio I mathematics, the word, sequece is used i much the same way as it is i ordiary Eglish. Whe we say that
More informationExam 2 CMSC 203 Fall 2009 Name SOLUTION KEY Show All Work! 1. (16 points) Circle T if the corresponding statement is True or F if it is False.
1 (1 poits) Circle T if the correspodig statemet is True or F if it is False T F For ay positive iteger,, GCD(, 1) = 1 T F Every positive iteger is either prime or composite T F If a b mod p, the (a/p)
More informationMAT1026 Calculus II Basic Convergence Tests for Series
MAT026 Calculus II Basic Covergece Tests for Series Egi MERMUT 202.03.08 Dokuz Eylül Uiversity Faculty of Sciece Departmet of Mathematics İzmir/TURKEY Cotets Mootoe Covergece Theorem 2 2 Series of Real
More informationUNIT #5. Lesson #2 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences. Lesson #3 Summation Notation. Lesson #4 Arithmetic Series. Lesson #5 Geometric Series
UNIT #5 SEQUENCES AND SERIES Lesso # Sequeces Lesso # Arithmetic ad Geometric Sequeces Lesso #3 Summatio Notatio Lesso #4 Arithmetic Series Lesso #5 Geometric Series Lesso #6 Mortgage Paymets COMMON CORE
More informationXT - MATHS Grade 12. Date: 2010/06/29. Subject: Series and Sequences 1: Arithmetic Total Marks: 84 = 2 = 2 1. FALSE 10.
ubject: eries ad equeces 1: Arithmetic otal Mars: 8 X - MAH Grade 1 Date: 010/0/ 1. FALE 10 Explaatio: his series is arithmetic as d 1 ad d 15 1 he sum of a arithmetic series is give by [ a ( ] a represets
More informationIn number theory we will generally be working with integers, though occasionally fractions and irrationals will come into play.
Number Theory Math 5840 otes. Sectio 1: Axioms. I umber theory we will geerally be workig with itegers, though occasioally fractios ad irratioals will come ito play. Notatio: Z deotes the set of all itegers
More informationHoggatt and King [lo] defined a complete sequence of natural numbers
REPRESENTATIONS OF N AS A SUM OF DISTINCT ELEMENTS FROM SPECIAL SEQUENCES DAVID A. KLARNER, Uiversity of Alberta, Edmoto, Caada 1. INTRODUCTION Let a, I deote a sequece of atural umbers which satisfies
More informationMath 113 Exam 3 Practice
Math Exam Practice Exam will cover.-.9. This sheet has three sectios. The first sectio will remid you about techiques ad formulas that you should kow. The secod gives a umber of practice questios for you
More information7 Sequences of real numbers
40 7 Sequeces of real umbers 7. Defiitios ad examples Defiitio 7... A sequece of real umbers is a real fuctio whose domai is the set N of atural umbers. Let s : N R be a sequece. The the values of s are
More informationObjective Mathematics
. If sum of '' terms of a sequece is give by S Tr ( )( ), the 4 5 67 r (d) 4 9 r is equal to : T. Let a, b, c be distict o-zero real umbers such that a, b, c are i harmoic progressio ad a, b, c are i arithmetic
More informationFind a formula for the exponential function whose graph is given , 1 2,16 1, 6
Math 4 Activity (Due by EOC Apr. ) Graph the followig epoetial fuctios by modifyig the graph of f. Fid the rage of each fuctio.. g. g. g 4. g. g 6. g Fid a formula for the epoetial fuctio whose graph is
More informationOn a Smarandache problem concerning the prime gaps
O a Smaradache problem cocerig the prime gaps Felice Russo Via A. Ifate 7 6705 Avezzao (Aq) Italy felice.russo@katamail.com Abstract I this paper, a problem posed i [] by Smaradache cocerig the prime gaps
More informationk=1 s k (x) (3) and that the corresponding infinite series may also converge; moreover, if it converges, then it defines a function S through its sum
0. L Hôpital s rule You alreay kow from Lecture 0 that ay sequece {s k } iuces a sequece of fiite sums {S } through S = s k, a that if s k 0 as k the {S } may coverge to the it k= S = s s s 3 s 4 = s k.
More informationInhomogeneous Poisson process
Chapter 22 Ihomogeeous Poisso process We coclue our stuy of Poisso processes with the case of o-statioary rates. Let us cosier a arrival rate, λ(t), that with time, but oe that is still Markovia. That
More informationConvergence: nth-term Test, Comparing Non-negative Series, Ratio Test
Covergece: th-term Test, Comparig No-egative Series, Ratio Test Power Series ad Covergece We have writte statemets like: l + x = x x2 + x3 2 3 + x + But we have ot talked i depth about what values of x
More information07 - SEQUENCES AND SERIES Page 1 ( Answers at he end of all questions ) b, z = n
07 - SEQUENCES AND SERIES Page ( Aswers at he ed of all questios ) ( ) If = a, y = b, z = c, where a, b, c are i A.P. ad = 0 = 0 = 0 l a l
More informationThe Ratio Test. THEOREM 9.17 Ratio Test Let a n be a series with nonzero terms. 1. a. n converges absolutely if lim. n 1
460_0906.qxd //04 :8 PM Page 69 SECTION 9.6 The Ratio ad Root Tests 69 Sectio 9.6 EXPLORATION Writig a Series Oe of the followig coditios guaratees that a series will diverge, two coditios guaratee that
More informationCOMP26120: More on the Complexity of Recursive Programs (2018/19) Lucas Cordeiro
COMP26120: More o the Complexity of Recursive Programs (2018/19) Lucas Cordeiro lucas.cordeiro@machester.ac.uk Divide-ad-Coquer (Recurrece) Textbook: Algorithm Desig ad Applicatios, Goodrich, Michael T.
More informationENGI Series Page 6-01
ENGI 3425 6 Series Page 6-01 6. Series Cotets: 6.01 Sequeces; geeral term, limits, covergece 6.02 Series; summatio otatio, covergece, divergece test 6.03 Stadard Series; telescopig series, geometric series,
More information6.3 Testing Series With Positive Terms
6.3. TESTING SERIES WITH POSITIVE TERMS 307 6.3 Testig Series With Positive Terms 6.3. Review of what is kow up to ow I theory, testig a series a i for covergece amouts to fidig the i= sequece of partial
More informationCAMI Education linked to CAPS: Mathematics. Grade The main topics in the FET Mathematics Curriculum NUMBER
- 1 - CAMI Eucatio like to CAPS: Grae 1 The mai topics i the FET Curriculum NUMBER TOPIC 1 Fuctios Number patters, sequeces a series 3 Fiace, growth a ecay 4 Algebra 5 Differetial Calculus 6 Probability
More informationMathematical Description of Discrete-Time Signals. 9/10/16 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 1
Mathematical Descriptio of Discrete-Time Sigals 9/10/16 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 1 Samplig ad Discrete Time Samplig is the acquisitio of the values of a cotiuous-time sigal at discrete poits
More informationAP CALCULUS - AB LECTURE NOTES MS. RUSSELL
AP CALCULUS - AB LECTURE NOTES MS. RUSSELL Sectio Number: 4. Topics: Area -Sigma Notatio Part: of Sigma Notatio Upper boud Recall ai = a+ a + a3 + L + a idex i= Lower boud Example : Evaluate each summatio.
More informationWorksheet on Generating Functions
Worksheet o Geeratig Fuctios October 26, 205 This worksheet is adapted from otes/exercises by Nat Thiem. Derivatives of Geeratig Fuctios. If the sequece a 0, a, a 2,... has ordiary geeratig fuctio A(x,
More information9.3 Power Series: Taylor & Maclaurin Series
9.3 Power Series: Taylor & Maclauri Series If is a variable, the a ifiite series of the form 0 is called a power series (cetered at 0 ). a a a a a 0 1 0 is a power series cetered at a c a a c a c a c 0
More information[ 11 ] z of degree 2 as both degree 2 each. The degree of a polynomial in n variables is the maximum of the degrees of its terms.
[ 11 ] 1 1.1 Polyomial Fuctios 1 Algebra Ay fuctio f ( x) ax a1x... a1x a0 is a polyomial fuctio if ai ( i 0,1,,,..., ) is a costat which belogs to the set of real umbers ad the idices,, 1,...,1 are atural
More informationRecursive Algorithms. Recurrences. Recursive Algorithms Analysis
Recursive Algorithms Recurreces Computer Sciece & Egieerig 35: Discrete Mathematics Christopher M Bourke cbourke@cseuledu A recursive algorithm is oe i which objects are defied i terms of other objects
More informationCHAPTER 1 SEQUENCES AND INFINITE SERIES
CHAPTER SEQUENCES AND INFINITE SERIES SEQUENCES AND INFINITE SERIES (0 meetigs) Sequeces ad limit of a sequece Mootoic ad bouded sequece Ifiite series of costat terms Ifiite series of positive terms Alteratig
More informationReview for Test 3 Math 1552, Integral Calculus Sections 8.8,
Review for Test 3 Math 55, Itegral Calculus Sectios 8.8, 0.-0.5. Termiology review: complete the followig statemets. (a) A geometric series has the geeral form k=0 rk.theseriescovergeswhe r is less tha
More informationDefinition An infinite sequence of numbers is an ordered set of real numbers.
Ifiite sequeces (Sect. 0. Today s Lecture: Review: Ifiite sequeces. The Cotiuous Fuctio Theorem for sequeces. Usig L Hôpital s rule o sequeces. Table of useful its. Bouded ad mootoic sequeces. Previous
More informationMa 530 Introduction to Power Series
Ma 530 Itroductio to Power Series Please ote that there is material o power series at Visual Calculus. Some of this material was used as part of the presetatio of the topics that follow. What is a Power
More informationSEQUENCES AND SERIES
Sequeces ad 6 Sequeces Ad SEQUENCES AND SERIES Successio of umbers of which oe umber is desigated as the first, other as the secod, aother as the third ad so o gives rise to what is called a sequece. Sequeces
More information(A sequence also can be thought of as the list of function values attained for a function f :ℵ X, where f (n) = x n for n 1.) x 1 x N +k x N +4 x 3
MATH 337 Sequeces Dr. Neal, WKU Let X be a metric space with distace fuctio d. We shall defie the geeral cocept of sequece ad limit i a metric space, the apply the results i particular to some special
More informationarxiv: v2 [math.nt] 10 May 2014
FUNCTIONAL EQUATIONS RELATED TO THE DIRICHLET LAMBDA AND BETA FUNCTIONS JEONWON KIM arxiv:4045467v mathnt] 0 May 04 Abstract We give closed-form expressios for the Dirichlet beta fuctio at eve positive
More informationCHAPTER 5 : SERIES. 5.2 The Sum of a Series Sum of Power of n Positive Integers Sum of Series of Partial Fraction Difference Method
CHAPTER 5 : SERIES 5.1 Seies 5. The Sum of a Seies 5..1 Sum of Powe of Positive Iteges 5.. Sum of Seies of Patial Factio 5..3 Diffeece Method 5.3 Test of covegece 5.3.1 Divegece Test 5.3. Itegal Test 5.3.3
More informationIt is often useful to approximate complicated functions using simpler ones. We consider the task of approximating a function by a polynomial.
Taylor Polyomials ad Taylor Series It is ofte useful to approximate complicated fuctios usig simpler oes We cosider the task of approximatig a fuctio by a polyomial If f is at least -times differetiable
More informationSYDE 112, LECTURE 2: Riemann Sums
SYDE, LECTURE : Riema Sums Riema Sums Cosider the problem of determiig the area below the curve f(x) boud betwee two poits a ad b. For simple geometrical fuctios, we ca easily determie this based o ituitio.
More informationAn alternating series is a series where the signs alternate. Generally (but not always) there is a factor of the form ( 1) n + 1
Calculus II - Problem Solvig Drill 20: Alteratig Series, Ratio ad Root Tests Questio No. of 0 Istructios: () Read the problem ad aswer choices carefully (2) Work the problems o paper as eeded (3) Pick
More informationCHAPTER - 9 SEQUENCES AND SERIES KEY POINTS A sequece is a fuctio whose domai is the set N of atural umbers. A sequece whose rage is a subset of R is called a real sequece. Geeral A.P. is, a, a + d, a
More informationGrowth of Functions. Chapter 3. CPTR 430 Algorithms Growth of Functions 1
Growth o Fuctios Chapter 3 CPTR 430 Alorithms Growth o Fuctios 1 Asymptotic Eiciecy o Alorithms Idea: Look at iput sizes lare eouh to make rui time order o rowth relevat How does the rui time o a alorithm
More information