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Transcription

1 28 k Rvbyqvix 2012 ivr kwbevi evqzzj gvkviig RvZxq gmwr` PZ i,cëb, XvKvq Rk b Ryjy k C ` wgjv`ybœex Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjøvgv Dcj ÿ KvMwZqv Avjxqv MvDQyj AvRg `ievi kix di HwZnvwmK GkvqvZ m jb-2012 Gi we kl µvocî gvl jq ev `vm Yi gnvwgjb, Rvgvbvi MvDQyj AvR gi GkvqvZ m jb hvezxq cöksmv, YKxZ b I kvki gnvb Avj vn cv Ki Rb, AmsL QvjvZ I mvjvg ivngvzzwj j Avjvwgb gynv v`yi ivm~jyj vn Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv, Zvui cwieviem, mvnvev q Kivg (ivt) Ges bk&kvi ev `vm Yi Dci Rk& b Ryjy Q C ` wgjv`ybœex Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi G gv m gnvb cöfyi `iev i gnvb gv k `, AvIjv ` gv dv, Ljxdv q ivm~j (`t) nhiz kvql Qq ` MvDQzj AvR gi nvqv Z wlrixqv Kvgbv KiwQ gvbe mf Zv AvR AvaywbK _ K AvaywbKZvi w` K GwM q Pj Q, gvbyl w`b w`b Ávb-weÁvb, wk v-`x v I A_ -we Ëi w` K AMÖmi n Q GKw` K gmwr`, gv`&ivmv, LvbvKv, IqvR-bwQnZ, evqavz, Bmjvgx wec e I mf Zvi k vmv b AvKvk-evZvm Kw úz n Q Ab w` K gvivgvwi, nvbv-nvwb, wnsmv-we Øl, envqvcbv-dj½cbv, A bmjvwgk ms wz Z mgvr KjywlZ n Z Pj Q gvivz Kfv e wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi Agxq evyx ÔGgb GK mgq Avm e bvg ^e ^ Bmjvg _vk e, iqg ^e ^ KviAvb _vk e Õ gymjgvb `i Ggb µvwš Kv j evsjvi evwywr K ivravbx PÆMÖvg Rjv, ivdrvb Dc Rjvi ÔKvMwZqv Avjxqv MvDQzj AvRg `ievi kixdõ we k i gymwjg hye mgvr K nvzqvwb w` q WvK Q KviAvb-mybœvn I Bmjv gi mwvk c_ wqivzzj gv vwk gi w` K G `iev ii cöwzôvzv n jb gnvb gv k `, AvIjv ` gv dv, Ljxdv q ivm~j (`t) nhiz kvql Qq ` MvDQzj AvRg gvïvwrjyûj Avjx Qv ne whwb 1923 mv j evi AvDwjqvi c~y f~wg e `i bmix PÆMÖv gi HwZn evnx ivdrvb Dc Rjv, KvMwZqv MÖvg, gvbrcvovi Ô Qq ` evox ZÕ AvIjv ` ivm~j (`t), nhiz kvql Qq ` elwzqvi gvnx QvIqvi (ivt) Gi eskai nhiz kvql Qq ` jvj gvnv ` Kv Ze Avj Avivex (ivt) Gi Ab Zg AvIjv` nhiz kvql Qq ` K vrx b~i Avng` (ivt) Gi Ji k Rb jvf K ib Zvui gvnzvivg AveŸvRvb G gnvb gwblxi bvg iv Lb Qq ` Zd¾j Avng` huvi bqj kixd AvIjv ` ivm~j (`t) nhiz kvql Qq ` jvj gvnv ` Kv Ze AvjAvivex (ivt)-i esk ci úivq ivngvzzwj j Avjvgxb nhiz bex Kwig Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi bqj gvevi Ki mv _ wgwjz nq wk v Rxeb G gnvb gwblx wkïkv j gvnzvivg AveŸvRvb K nvwi q wcöq bex Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi Iqvwik e k GwZg m R Rxe bi m~pbv K ib Zvui gvnzvivgv Av vrv bi wbku cöv_wgk wk v jv fi ci ez gvb KvMwZqv Kvwgj Gg. G. gv`ivmvq ZrKvjxb hym kªô Av jg, cöl vz Ajx, Av k K ivm~j (`t) nhiz Qq ` i ûj Avwgb (ivt) Gi wbku KviAvb, nv`xm, wdkvn, `k b I AjsKvi kv mn `vwlj ii Ávb- nkgz AR b K ib ciez x Z ZrKvjxb `kl vz cöwzôvb PÆMÖvg `vi j Djyg Kvwgj gv`&ivmv _ K 1945 mv j Avwjg, 1947 mv j dvwhj Ges 1949 mv j ÔggZvRyj gynv ÏwmbÕ mb` AR b Z_v UvB Uj (Kvwgj Gg. G) cvk K ib ZrKv j nv Z- Mvbv K qkrb UvB Uj (Kvwgj Gg. G) cvk Kiv

2 Av jg _vkv Z Avcvgi RbZv Zv K ÔUvB Uj mv ne ûryiõ e j WvK Zb wzwb UvB Uj cvk K i KvMwZqv Kvwgj Gg. G. gv`ivmvq Aviex cöfvlk c ` hvm`vb K i ch vqµ g Aa c` n Z Aemi MÖnY K ib wk v-`x v, Øxwb ZvÕwjg, IqvR-bwQnZ, AvPvi-AvPi Y AZzjYxq e w³ Z i AwaKvix niqvq Avcvgi RbZv 1954 mvj _ K Zvu K ÔKvMwZqvi eo ûryiõ e j Rv bb I D P ii mydx mvak Ges hym kªô Av j g Øxb wn m e RvwZ, ag wbwe k l mk j fvjev mb I kª v K ib Ab w` K GKv WwgK wk vi cvkvcvwk 1945 mv j Avwjg mgvcbx cix vi ci fvizxq Dcgnv ` ki cöl vz Ajx q Kv gj, kvqlyz ZwiK Z nhiz nv g` nvqvb Avjfx AvRgMox (ivt) Gi Ab Zg Ljxdv ZrKvjxb hym kªô cx i ZwiK Z, LvRv q ev½vj, KzZ&eyj Gikv`, nhiz kvql Qq ` nv dr gywbi DÏxb (ivt) Gi nv Z Bj g ZwiK Z ïi K ib G gnvb gwblx Ggb ZvKIqvevb, Gev`Z Rvi, iqvrzkvix Ges Bj g ev Z b ZR ^x e w³z wq jb h, mvaviy Bw½ Z Avcb cxi Qv n ei gg K_v eys Zb Ges AvqË Ki Z m g n Zb hvi djkö wz Z gvî 9 eq i Bj g ZwiK Zi me i AwZµg K i 1954 mv j ZwiK Zi LjvdZ jvf K ib ZwiK Zi `xn c_cwiµgvq Avj vn Zvqvjv I Zvui wcöq nvexe Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi c~y AbymiY I AK wîg fvjevmvq 1996 mv j my ^ cœ A j wkkfv e wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi c n Z ÔZv R MvDwQq ZÕ jvf K i Ôhy Mi MvDQzj AvRgÕ c ` f~wlz nb Ges 2003 mv j Igiv cvjb k l iirv kix d bex Kwig (`t) Gi whqvizkv j RvMÖZ Ae vq A j wkkfv e wcöq ivmyj Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi nvz gvevi K evqavz n q ÔLjxdv q ivm~jõ Gi gh v`v jvf K ib, hv eykiv (my- ^cœ) Øviv cögvwyz (we vwiz Rvb Z Avgv `i cökvwkz ÔLjxdv q ivm~jõ bvgk ebwu co b) KviAv bi kvk Z evyx-ôzuv `i (Avj vni AjxM Yi) Rb `ywbqv I cikv j eyk&iv _vk eõ Avi wcöq ivm~j (`t) Gi evyx-avgvi c i beyq Z Z_v Inx bvwhj n ebv, wkš gyevwk ivz _vk e mvnvev q Kivg AviR Ki jb-gqv ivm~jvj vn Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vg! gyevwk ivz wk? wzwb ej jbmy ^cœ, hv Kvb gyõwgb ev `v ` Lb ev GK gyõwgb m ú K Av ik gyõwgb K `Lv bv nq wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv Av iv Gikv` K ib-my ^cœ n Q be~q Z Z_v Inxi QPwj k fv Mi GK fvm G gnvb gwblxi Ava vwz K wgkb gnvb gv k `, AvIjv ` gv dv, Ljxdv q ivm~j (`t) nhiz kvql Qq ` MvDQzj AvRg gvïvwrjyûj Avjx Qv ne kzvãxi kªô gyrvwï` wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi Agxq evyx-avj vn Zvqvjv cö Z K kzvãxi gv_vq Ggb GKRb K cöiy K ib whwb Øxb K ms vi K ib wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi evyx gvzv ek gymwjg wek D vn&i Rb GK Ava vwz K i bumv wn m e Avwef ~Z n jb gnvb gv k `, AvIjv ` gv dv, Ljxdv q ivm~j (`t), nhiz kvql Qq ` MvDQzj AvRg gvïvwrj ûj Avjx wb gœ Zvui Ava vwz K Kg cwiµgvi wkwâz weeiy `qv n jv-

3 KvMwZqv Avjxqv MvDQzj AvRg `ievi kixd ZwiK Zi Avmj iƒc K wek Z K i wkqz Amvay e w³ hlb ZwiK Z K mykxj mgv Ri wbku nvm Ki wn m e cwiyz Ki Q wvk ZLbB ZwiK Zi ev e mvbvjx kvk Z iƒc wb q G gnvb gwblx cöwzôv Ki jb KvMwZqv Avjxqv MvDQzj AvRg `ievi kixd 1954 mvj _ K G `iev i cöwz e n úwzevi ev ` bvgv R AvQi Ava vwz K c wz Z dq R KviAvb cö`vb, ev ` bvgv R gvmwie ZvIqv¾yn w` q jzv qd (K je, i n, wmi BZ vw`) Rvwii gva g AvZ ïw KiY, ev ` bvgv R Gkv wrk&i I QvjvZmvjvg cöwz Rygvevi KviAvb-nv`x mi Av jv K b~ivbx eqvb I dq R KviAvb cö`vb cöwz iweevi ev ` bvgv R gvmwie c w_exi h Kvb v b emv gwnjv ZwiK Zcš x `i K ZvIqv¾yn wej Mv q ei gva g QeK cö`vb Avi cöwz eqi 11B iwedj AvIqvj w`evmz ivz Rk& b Ryjy Q C ` wgjv`ybœex Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv, 26B ire w`evmz ivz cweî wgõivrybœex Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv, 9B gyniig w`evmz ivz kvnv`v q Kvievjv i Y cweî Avïivi gvnwdj, 14B kvevb w`evmz ivz cweî k e eiv Zi gvnwdj, 10B iwedm mvwb w`evmz ivz cweî dv Znv q GqvR`vûg I 3iv igrvb HwZnvwmK LZ g KviAvb gvnwdj Gme gvnwd j KviAvb-nv`x mi Av jvpbv, ZwiK Zi eqvb, kixq Zi gvqavjv gvqv qj, wcöq bex Qvj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv Qvj vgvi kvb-gvb eqvb, ZvIqv¾yn cö`vb, dq R KviAvb, evqavzkiy, wbw` ó c wz Z ZwiK Zi Ava vwz K Kg m~px m úbœ Kiv nq we kl K i LZ g KviAvb gvnwd j nvrvi-nvrvi LZg KviAvb kixd ZjvIqvZ Kiv nq gywbixqv hye ZejxM KwgwU evsjv `k gvbe mf Zvi g Wj wcöq ivm~j Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvi Ôwnjdzj dzhyjõ-gi Abymi Y wzwb 1983 mv j MVb K ib AivR bwzk ZwiK ZwfwËK Ava vwz K msmvb Ôgywbixqv ZejxM I hye ZejxM KwgwU evsjv `kõ Ges ejvq Zi K Ú WvK w` jb-ô n hyek! bvgvr co, ivrv ivl, bex Kwig (`t) Gi Dci `iƒ` co, gvz f~wg kvš KiÕ G KwgwUi j I D Ïk nj Ava vwz K PZbv wekv ki gva g wec`mvgx hye mgvr K wqivzzj gv vwk gi w` K avwez K i AvKv q ` Avn& j mybœvz Ges AvÕgv j mv jnvi Dci AUj ivlv, hye mgvr K bwzk Ae q _ K cwiîvy `qv, Avgi wej gvi d Z_v mr Kv Ri Av `k Ges bvwn Avwbj gybkvi Z_v Amr KvR _ K eviy Kiv, Ak xj I envqvcbv _ K mgvr K i v Kiv Ges cö Z K gymwjg bi-bvixi BnKvjxb I cikvjxb Kj vy mywbwðz Kiv D Ïk I j K mvg b i L G gnvb gwblxi wb ` k `k, RvwZ I wgj v Zi Kj v Y G KwgwU ev evqb K i _v K wewfbœ ag xq gvnwdj K) gmwr` gvnwdjt nv`x m cv K i q Q gmwr `i mv _ hvi AvwZ K m úk _vk e m Kqvg Zi gq`v b Avj vni Avi ki Qvqvi wb P vb cv e ZvB gymwjg wgj vz K bvgvr, ivrv, nr, hvkvz, `iƒ ` gv dv, mnxn I GKwbôfv e Bev` Zi Zvwjg `qvi Rb wzwb cöez b Ki jb ÔgmwR` gvnwdjõ L) GkvqvZ mwgbvit AvR mykxj mgv Ri K Ú zj, K jr-wek we` vj q bwzk wk v K cvv f~³ Kivi `vwe DV Q A_P 1983 mvj _ K zj K jr I wek we` vjq co qv QvÎ mgvr K bwzk Pwi Î PwiÎevb, ZwiK Z MÖnY K i KviAvb mybœvn wfwëk Rxeb Movi Drmvn cö`vbk í wewfbœ zj, K jr, gv`&ivmv I wek we` vj qi Î wzwb cöez b Ki jb ÔGkvqvZ mwgbviõ hvi djkö wz Z nvrvi nvrvi

4 QvÎ I hye mgvr G KwgwUi Avkª q G m bwzk Pwi Î PwiÎevb n q bzzb cör b i Rb ÔD¾j ` óvš Õ n q Av Q M) GkvqvZ gvnwdjt MÖvg _ K MÖvg, cj x _ K cj x KviAvb mybœvni eqvb, kixq Zi AbymiY, ZwiK Zi Abykxjb I gvbezvi wk v `qvi j wzwb cöez b Ki jb MÖvg wfwëk ÔGkvqvZ gvnwdjõ, hv evsjv ` ki AvUlwÆnvRvi MÖv g c uwq q `qvi Rb wbijm fv e KvR K i hv Qb N) GkvqvZ m jb I MvDQzj AvRg Kbdv iýt HwZnvwmK gnvb we`vq n R Avivdv Zi gq`v b wcöq bex Qvj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv we`vqx h fvly ck K iwq jb Zv gymwjg we k i Rb cwiyz n q Q mw wjz fv e Øx bi `viqvz cö`v bi GK kvk Z mvbvjx g Wj ZvB bmi _ K bmi, Rjv _ K Rjv, wefvm _ K wefvm Ges `k _ K `kvš i G ZwiK Zi mvbvjx kvk Z Ava vwz K Kg c wzi mylei gymwjg wgj v Zi N i N i c Qv bvi j Av qvrb Kiv nq Rk& b Ryjy Q C ` wgjv`ybœex Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv, GkvqvZ m jb I MvDQzj AvRg Kbdv iý hv evsjv ` ki mxgvbv cwi q Avie AvwgivZ, BD ivcmn ewnwe k i Rwgb K úk K i Q ZviB avivevwnkzvq Bb&kvÕj vn 28 k Rvbyqvix kwbevi ^vaxb evsjvi ivravbx XvKv, cë bi HwZnvwmK evqzzj gvkviig RvZxq gmwr` PZ i AbywôZ n Q Rk& b Ryjy Q C ` wgjv`ybœex Qvj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgv Dcj KvMwZqv Avjxqv MvDQzj AvRg `ievi kix di HwZnvwmK GkvqvZ m jb gywbixqv ZwiK Z G gnvb gwblx gvbervwz K kixq Zi Î AvZ gh v`v I mzk Zvi wk v, cig gvbezv I web qi `x v Ges iƒnvbx dwhjz jv fi c_ mymg Kivi wbwg Ë cöez b Ki jb mybœz ZwiKvi Dci cöwzwôz Ôgywbixqv ZwiK ZÕ KviAvb-mybœvn wfwëk ewk ó fiv G gnvb ZwiK Z gvbyl K Avj vni c~y AbymiY, AbyKiY I Avj vn cög I bex cö g wb R K m c `qvi Î iƒnvbx mg c_ AwZµg Kivi ev eagx wk v `q K) ARxdv kixdt Kvb gymwjg bi-bvix, hyek-hyezx, QvÎ-QvÎx G ZwiK Z `xw Z n j kixq Zi c_ wb ` kbv Abyhvqx `bw `b dir, IqvwRe, mybœv Z gyqv v`vn Avgj cvj bi ci AwZwi³ wkqz bdj Gev`vZ Ki Z nq m jv K ZwiK Zi fvlvq ÔARxdv kixdõ ejv nq hgb-ev ` bvgv R gvmwie dv Znv kixd, ev ` bvgv R Gkv `iƒ` kixd, ev ` bvgv R dri LZg kixd Avi me Î CQv j QvIqv ei K `ªwe `y ivm~ j Lv`v Qj vj vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj vgvõi iƒn kixd L) ZvIqv¾yn-Gi e e vcbvt cweî KviAv bi Agxq evyx-ôavwg gvbyl K me P q my `izg Aeqe w` q m wó K iwqõ G my `i Aeq ei Dcv`vb PviwU wrwbl Z_v- Av b, cvwb, gvwu I evzvm G Dcv`v bi cöfv e gvby li g a AvUwU `vl cwijw Z nq hgb- µva, cöwz kva civqy, wnsmvwe Øl, A ah, D Q sljzv, K cyzv, wbj ¾, A bmjvwgk we bv`b G jv hgbfv e gvby li evwn K A½-cÖZ ½ K Acivax K i Zv j Zgwb gvby li Af š ixy A½cÖZ ½ Z_v K je, iƒn, wqi BZ vw` K KjywlZ K i `q hvi d j gvby li g a bwzk Pwi Îi Ae q N U ZvB G gnvb ZwiK Z `xw Z n j cö_ g wzb gvm ARxdv kixd Av`vq K i, wbw` ó w` b QvjvZzZ ZvIev c o cyi l n j gnvb gv k ` MvDQyj AvR gi mvgbv-mvgwb Avi gwnjv n j c w_exi h Kvb

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