14.02 Principles of Macroeconomics Fall 2005 Quiz 3 Solutions
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1 4.0 rincipl of Macroconomic Fall 005 Quiz 3 Soluion Shor Quion (30/00 poin la a whhr h following amn ar TRUE or FALSE wih a hor xplanaion (3 or 4 lin. Each quion coun 5/00 poin.. An incra in ax oday alway lad o a dcra in conumpion oday. Fal. If you conidr xpcaion, hn h ffc can go h ohr way. For xampl, popl may xpc ha h govrnmn will incra govrnmn pnding in h fuur inc h govrnmn ha mor rvnu du o incrad ax. Thi would incra fuur oupu. Sinc currn conumpion hould raliically alo dpnd on popl xpcaion of hir fuur incom, conumpion oday may go up. 3. Th fac ha Japan ha a currn accoun urplu impli ha par of Japan aving i ud o financ invmn in ohr counri. Tru. Th fac ha Japan ha a currn accoun urplu (CA>0 impli ha i mu hav a capial accoun dfici (KA<0 inc CA+KA0. Japan i hu lnding o ohr counri. You can alo hi from h aving/invmn quaion in an opn conomy: I S riv + S ub NX. Whn NX i poiiv ( rad urplu, h counry inv l han i av and par of h aving i invd in ohr counri who hav a rad dfici ( hy inv mor han hy av. 4. If impor ar only a funcion of h ral xchang ra (.g. IM 00, hn h good mark muliplir i h am in an opn conomy a in a clod conomy. Tru. In h andard opn conomy good mark modl whr impor dpnd on oupu (Y and h xchang ra (, h muliplir i only mallr bcau om of h incra in Y i ud o buy good from abroad inad of locally producd good (inc IM dpnd on Y. If IM don dpnd on Y, hn hi lakag don xi and h muliplir i h am a in a clod conomy. 5. Givn ha h Japan nominal inr ra i clo o 0% and ha h nominal inr ra in h US i abou 4%, Amrican invor will nvr wan o hold Japan bond. Fal. Th rurn in dollar of Japan bond i givn by i JAAN +Expcd_Apprciaion Yn. Thu, vn if i JAAN 0, h xpcd apprciaion of h yn could b ufficinly big uch ha Amrican ar indiffrn bwn holding Japan bond and ohr bond or vn prfr o hold Japan bond.
2 6. Aum ha h uncovrd inr pariy condiion hold. Thn, undr a fixd xchang ra rgim, invmn unambiguouly incra in h hor-run a a conqunc of a fical xpanion. Thi amn i fal undr a flxibl xchang ra rgim. Tru. If UI hold, undr fixd xchang ra, h domic inr ra do no incra afr a fical xpanion and oupu incra. Thrfor, invmn incra unambiguouly. In conra, undr flxibl xchang ra, boh oupu and h inr ra incra in h hor-run and, hrfor, w canno ll if invmn incra or no. 7. Aum ha h uncovrd inr pariy condiion hold. Thn, in a counry ha ha a fixd xchang ra, h Cnral Bank ju ha o kp h domic inr ra qual o h forign inr ra. Fal. Invor migh xpc a dvaluaion and ar dmanding forign currncy. To kp h xchang ra lvl unchangd, h Cnral Bank ha o aify h highr dmand by lling forign rrv and, if i run ou of hm, i will no b abl o dfnd h xchang ra any mor. Long Quion I (35/00 poin Opn Economy IS-LM Conidr h following modl of an opn conomy: ( Y T C I Y 000r IM 0.Y + 30 X 0.0Y * 70 T 00 G 00 Y * 5000 M 800 M d Y 4000i i * 5% whr r i h ral ra of inr, h ral xchang ra, and h ohr variabl hav h uual maning. Suppo ha * and ha hr i no inflaionπ * π 0. Aum ha h counry ha a fixd xchang ra rgim. Compu h quilibrium ( Y, i, E, TB. (0 poin From h uncovrd inr pariy and h fixd xchang ra rgim aumpion w g i * i d LM rlaion: M M Givn i 0. 05, 800 Y 4000i Y * 0.05
3 Y 000 From h IS rlaion w g Y ( Y No ha, givn h aumpion, X 80 IM 30 IM TB X Y 000r Y * 70 E ( 0.Y + 30 Aum ha govrnmn pnding G incra by 00. Wha do h Cnral Bank hav o do in ordr o mainain h fixd xchang ra? Compu. (0 poin If h xchang ra pariy i mainaind, and i * i ( ( 0.Y + 30 Y Y Y 000r Y * Y 500 Y 50 From LM rlaion M Y 4000i M 050 M Aum ha G00 again. Th govrnmn would lik o balanc rad (TB0 whil laving h oupu lvl you found in par unchangd. Wha hould i do? Compu h righ mix of fical policy and xchang ra policy. Aum ha whn h govrnmn announc a chang in h valu of h fixd xchang ra from E o E ', boh E and chang inananouly o E '. (0 poin Trad Balanc qual o zro: NX 0 Y ( Y Y 000r G * * * G 50 NX 0 ( 0.Y Y * 70 0 ( 0.* * Th xchang ra i dvaluad from o 0.5. ( G E + 3
4 4 Dcrib wih a graph and xplain in word h dynamic ovr im of n xpor onc h mixd policy you uggd in par 3 i implmnd. Labl h ax of h graph. (Hin: J- curv. (5 poin NX 0-50 Th ffc of h dprciaion i rflcd fir in pric, and hn quanii adju. Th drop in h ral xchang ra lad o an iniial drioraion of h rad balanc. Givn ha h Marhall Lrnr condiion hold, h rpon of xpor and impor bcom rongr ovr im han h advr pric ffc. In h nw quilibrium h improvmn of h rad balanc i uch ha n xpor ar zro. 4
5 Long Quion II (35/00 poin Opn Economy AS/AD Conidr h following opn conomy a im : C ( Y T I Y 500r IM X T 0.Y * 80 Y 00 G 00 Y * M d M Y 5000i ( z u W whr z i a paramr ha rprn h workr bargaining powr and u i h unmploymn ra. Th following i h pric ing rlaion ( + µ W whr µ 0. 5 i h markup. Th producion funcion of h conomy i conan: Y N for any Th labor forc i conan a L 000. Aum ha h counry ha a flxibl xchang ra rgim. Driv h AS rlaion a. (5 poin Th AS rlaion rprn h quilibrium poin in h labor mark. ( + µ W W ( z u ( + µ ( z u Givn ha U L N Y u L L 000 µ 0.5and z w g Y ( Y.5. ( Th AS curv ha o pa hrough h poin (, Y uch ha Y Y n 800 : h naural lvl of oupu. 5
6 Driv h AD rlaion a. Expr Y a a funcion of h approximaion + π (0 poin Y i r + ( Y Y r +, Y 500r Y * 80 M Y 5000i 300 Y 5000i Y 300 i 5000 r i π Y r i i Y r 00 Y + 0.5Y whr E E * Y +, and. Aum * and u ( 0.Y Aum ha in h mdium run rad i balancd and ha g m , o ha h Aggrga Dmand rlaion bcom g y g m π (in h mdium run hr i a poiiv conan growh ra of h nominal mony ock. Compu h mdium run quilibrium valu for oupu (Y, h nominal inr ra (i, inflaion (π and h ral xchang ra (. If h conomy ha rachd i mdium run quilibrium a, wha i h valu of h quilibrium pric lvl a (? Wha i h valu of h quilibrium nominal xchang ra a ( E? (0 poin Y Y n 800 Givn h aumpion of conan labor forc and conan chnology, h AS curv drmin a mdium run oupu quilibrium lvl. In mdium run h growh ra of oupu i g y 0. Trad i balancd ( 0.Y Y * * ( 0 6
7 .8 From h IS rlaion, givn balancd rad, w hav Y Y Y 500r + n ( 00 n n 0.4Y n r r % From h aumpion ha g , givn ha g 0,w g π in mdium run. m i From h LM curv a and givn ha h conomy a i in i mdium run quilibrium 300 Y n 5000i *0. E.8 4 Aum ha * i qual o and conan. Aum prfc capial mobiliy. Wha i h mdium run forign ral inr ra r*? Compu and xplain. (0 poin From h inr pariy condiion * E ( + i ( + i E + No ha in h mdium run w hav E + E + and + +. E Givn h mdium run ral xchang ra E i conan a h lvl a which * rad i balancd, vry chang in ha o b compnad by a proporional chang in E. E E E π + E+ + i * + i + π + ( ( ( In quilibrium h im indx ar no ncary ( + r ( + π ( + r *( + π *( + π ( + r ( + r * r * Anohr quivaln way o olv h problm i noing ha arbirag condiion hav o hold boh in nominal and in ral rm. Th uncovrd inr pariy i an arbirag condiion. Raing h UI in ral rm, i bcom * ( + r ( + r + In quilibrium, + +. Givn ha h ral xchang i conan in h mdium run quilibrium, +. Thi impli ( + r ( + r *. y 7
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