ENGI 3424 Engineering Mathematics Five Tutorial Examples of Partial Fractions

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "ENGI 3424 Engineering Mathematics Five Tutorial Examples of Partial Fractions"

Transcription

1 ENGI 44 Engineering Mthemtics Five Tutoril Exmples o Prtil Frctions 1. Express x in prtil rctions: x 4 x 4 x 4 b x x x x Both denomintors re liner non-repeted ctors. The cover-up rule my be used: ; b Thereore x 4 x x x Among other uses, it then ollows tht 4 x dx ln x ln x C ln C x 4 x x ln x ln A ln A x x

2 ENGI 44 Prtil Frctions Exmples Pge o 6. Express x in prtil rctions: x x 1 x x x x 1 x 1 b c x x x x 1 x 1 x x 1 x 1 1 All three denomintors re liner non-repeted ctors. The cover-up rule my be used: b c Thereore 1 1 x x x x 1 x x 1 x 1 While it is true tht one cn conclude rom this prtil rction expression tht x 1 dx ln x ln x 1 ln x 1 C ln xx 1 x 1 C ln x x C x x this integrl cn be ound more quickly by using u x dx ln u x C u x u x or ll dierentible unctions with ux x x

3 ENGI 44 Prtil Frctions Exmples Pge o 6. Express x in prtil rctions: x 1 x x x 1 1 bx c x x x x 1 x x 1 Note tht the polynomil in the numertor o prtil rction must be o order one less thn tht o the denomintor o tht prtil rction. Liner denomintors need constnt numertors, while qudrtic denomintors require liner numertors. OR Only the irst denomintor is liner non-repeted ctor. used to ind : One o the stndrd methods must be used to ind b nd c. Clering the denomintors (nd replcing by +1 ): 1 1 x 1 bx c x 1 b x cx 1 or ll x Mtching coeicients o Mtching coeicients o [The coeicients o x : 0 1b b 1 x 1 : 0 c c 0 The cover-up rule my be 0 x lredy mtch, becuse we ound = 1 by the cover-up rule.] Setting x 1: 1 1 b c 1 A Setting x 1: 1 1 b c 1 B A B c 0 c 0 in A or B b 1 [Note tht setting x = 0 provides no new inormtion, becuse we ound = 1 by the cover-up rule.] Thereore 1 1 x x x x x x 1 Among other uses, it then ollows tht 1 1 x dx ln x ln x 1 C ln C x x x 1

4 ENGI 44 Prtil Frctions Exmples Pge 4 o 6 4. Express Fs in prtil rctions: F s 6s s8 s 1 s 1 s 6s s 8 b c s 1 s 1 s s 1 s 1 s All three denomintors re liner ctors tht re not repeted. The cover-up rule my be used in ll three cses. c Thereore F s s s s 1 s 1 s s 1 s 1 s I one does not wish to employ the cover-up rule, then strt by clering the denomintors: 6s s 8 s 1 s b s 1 s c s 1 s 1 Setting s 1 yields Setting s 1 yields b 0 Setting s yields c The sme vlues or, b nd c then ollow.

5 ENGI 44 Prtil Frctions Exmples Pge 5 o 6 5. Express Fs in prtil rctions: F s 5s 7s s 1 s1 s 1 All lower positive integer powers o repeted ctor must pper. In this cse, there must be seprte terms or s 1 nd s 1. The reson or this rule is on the next pge. Where the [non-repeted] denomintor o prtil rction is n n th order polynomil, the corresponding numertor must be n (n 1) th order polynomil. The simple cover-up rule cnnot be used in either cse, (but modiied version cn be used to ind b). 5s 7s s 1 b cs d s 1 s 1 s1 s 1 s 1 5s 7s s 1 s 1 s 1 b s 1 cs d s 1 Setting s 1 yields b 0 b Setting s 0 (or, equivlently, mtching coeicients o d d At this point we hve severl choices: Mtch two o the remining three coeicients, or Substitute two more vlues o s, or Some combintion o the bove two methods. In this exmple I shll choose to mtch coeicients o s : 5 0 c c 5 0 s ) yields s nd s : 7 d c 10 c 5 nd d 4 5s 7s s 1 s 4 1 s 1 s 1 s 1 s s 1 s.

6 ENGI 44 Prtil Frctions Exmples Pge 6 o 6 Explntion o Repeted Prtil Frctions Where the denomintor o prtil rction is n n th order polynomil, the corresponding numertor must be n (n 1) th order polynomil. In question 5 prtil rction is repeted nd so should be o the orm: ms n ms m m n ms 1 m n ms1 n m s 1 s 1 s 1 s 1 s 1 ms n b s1 s 1 s1, where m nd b n m Multiply repeted liner ctors re treted in similr wy. For exmple, mx nx px q b c d 4 4 x k x k x k x k x k Repeted qudrtic ctors re lso treted in similr wy: mx nx px q x b cx d x rx s x rx s x rx s Why does the simple cover-up rule work (or non-repeted liner ctors)? s bs Consider this more generl cse: s k g s s k g s where nd k re constnts, gs is n (n) th order polynomil in s tht does not hve s k gk is not zero), s is polynomil in s o order t most (n) nd bs s ctor, (so tht is polynomil in s o order n 1 contining n coeicients to be determined. s g s bss k s Let s = k then k g k b k k k g k 0 which is just the originl rction evluted t s k gk k with the zero ctor s k covered up. Return to your previous pge Creted nd most recently modiied by Dr. G.H. George

AQA Further Pure 2. Hyperbolic Functions. Section 2: The inverse hyperbolic functions

AQA Further Pure 2. Hyperbolic Functions. Section 2: The inverse hyperbolic functions Hperbolic Functions Section : The inverse hperbolic functions Notes nd Emples These notes contin subsections on The inverse hperbolic functions Integrtion using the inverse hperbolic functions Logrithmic

More information

If deg(num) deg(denom), then we should use long-division of polynomials to rewrite: p(x) = s(x) + r(x) q(x), q(x)

If deg(num) deg(denom), then we should use long-division of polynomials to rewrite: p(x) = s(x) + r(x) q(x), q(x) Mth 50 The method of prtil frction decomposition (PFD is used to integrte some rtionl functions of the form p(x, where p/q is in lowest terms nd deg(num < deg(denom. q(x If deg(num deg(denom, then we should

More information

Math& 152 Section Integration by Parts

Math& 152 Section Integration by Parts Mth& 5 Section 7. - Integrtion by Prts Integrtion by prts is rule tht trnsforms the integrl of the product of two functions into other (idelly simpler) integrls. Recll from Clculus I tht given two differentible

More information

Jim Lambers MAT 169 Fall Semester Lecture 4 Notes

Jim Lambers MAT 169 Fall Semester Lecture 4 Notes Jim Lmbers MAT 169 Fll Semester 2009-10 Lecture 4 Notes These notes correspond to Section 8.2 in the text. Series Wht is Series? An infinte series, usully referred to simply s series, is n sum of ll of

More information

Section 7.1 Integration by Substitution

Section 7.1 Integration by Substitution Section 7. Integrtion by Substitution Evlute ech of the following integrls. Keep in mind tht using substitution my not work on some problems. For one of the definite integrls, it is not possible to find

More information

20 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS

20 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS 0 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS.1 Introduction In Clss IX, you hve studied polynomils in one vrible nd their degrees. Recll tht if p(x) is polynomil in x, the highest power of x in p(x) is clled the degree of

More information

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as Improper Integrls Two different types of integrls cn qulify s improper. The first type of improper integrl (which we will refer to s Type I) involves evluting n integrl over n infinite region. In the grph

More information

Anti-derivatives/Indefinite Integrals of Basic Functions

Anti-derivatives/Indefinite Integrals of Basic Functions Anti-derivtives/Indefinite Integrls of Bsic Functions Power Rule: In prticulr, this mens tht x n+ x n n + + C, dx = ln x + C, if n if n = x 0 dx = dx = dx = x + C nd x (lthough you won t use the second

More information

CHAPTER 6b. NUMERICAL INTERPOLATION

CHAPTER 6b. NUMERICAL INTERPOLATION CHAPTER 6. NUMERICAL INTERPOLATION A. J. Clrk School o Engineering Deprtment o Civil nd Environmentl Engineering y Dr. Irhim A. Asskk Spring ENCE - Computtion s in Civil Engineering II Deprtment o Civil

More information

Math 3B Final Review

Math 3B Final Review Mth 3B Finl Review Written by Victori Kl vtkl@mth.ucsb.edu SH 6432u Office Hours: R 9:45-10:45m SH 1607 Mth Lb Hours: TR 1-2pm Lst updted: 12/06/14 This is continution of the midterm review. Prctice problems

More information

Functions of Several Variables

Functions of Several Variables Functions of Severl Vribles Sketching Level Curves Sections Prtil Derivtives on every open set on which f nd the prtils, 2 f y = 2 f y re continuous. Norml Vector x, y, 2 f y, 2 f y n = ± (x 0,y 0) (x

More information

5.2 Exponent Properties Involving Quotients

5.2 Exponent Properties Involving Quotients 5. Eponent Properties Involving Quotients Lerning Objectives Use the quotient of powers property. Use the power of quotient property. Simplify epressions involving quotient properties of eponents. Use

More information

We are looking for ways to compute the integral of a function f(x), f(x)dx.

We are looking for ways to compute the integral of a function f(x), f(x)dx. INTEGRATION TECHNIQUES Introdction We re looking for wys to compte the integrl of fnction f(x), f(x)dx. To pt it simply, wht we need to do is find fnction F (x) sch tht F (x) = f(x). Then if the integrl

More information

NUMERICAL INTEGRATION

NUMERICAL INTEGRATION NUMERICAL INTEGRATION How do we evlute I = f (x) dx By the fundmentl theorem of clculus, if F (x) is n ntiderivtive of f (x), then I = f (x) dx = F (x) b = F (b) F () However, in prctice most integrls

More information

f(x) dx, If one of these two conditions is not met, we call the integral improper. Our usual definition for the value for the definite integral

f(x) dx, If one of these two conditions is not met, we call the integral improper. Our usual definition for the value for the definite integral Improper Integrls Every time tht we hve evluted definite integrl such s f(x) dx, we hve mde two implicit ssumptions bout the integrl:. The intervl [, b] is finite, nd. f(x) is continuous on [, b]. If one

More information

Math 113 Exam 2 Practice

Math 113 Exam 2 Practice Mth Em Prctice Februry, 8 Em will cover sections 6.5, 7.-7.5 nd 7.8. This sheet hs three sections. The first section will remind you bout techniques nd formuls tht you should know. The second gives number

More information

The Product Rule state that if f and g are differentiable functions, then

The Product Rule state that if f and g are differentiable functions, then Chpter 6 Techniques of Integrtion 6. Integrtion by Prts Every differentition rule hs corresponding integrtion rule. For instnce, the Substitution Rule for integrtion corresponds to the Chin Rule for differentition.

More information

Summary: Method of Separation of Variables

Summary: Method of Separation of Variables Physics 246 Electricity nd Mgnetism I, Fll 26, Lecture 22 1 Summry: Method of Seprtion of Vribles 1. Seprtion of Vribles in Crtesin Coordintes 2. Fourier Series Suggested Reding: Griffiths: Chpter 3, Section

More information

Precalculus Spring 2017

Precalculus Spring 2017 Preclculus Spring 2017 Exm 3 Summry (Section 4.1 through 5.2, nd 9.4) Section P.5 Find domins of lgebric expressions Simplify rtionl expressions Add, subtrct, multiply, & divide rtionl expressions Simplify

More information

If u = g(x) is a differentiable function whose range is an interval I and f is continuous on I, then f(g(x))g (x) dx = f(u) du

If u = g(x) is a differentiable function whose range is an interval I and f is continuous on I, then f(g(x))g (x) dx = f(u) du Integrtion by Substitution: The Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus demonstrted the importnce of being ble to find nti-derivtives. We now introduce some methods for finding ntiderivtives: If u = g(x) is differentible

More information

Theoretical foundations of Gaussian quadrature

Theoretical foundations of Gaussian quadrature Theoreticl foundtions of Gussin qudrture 1 Inner product vector spce Definition 1. A vector spce (or liner spce) is set V = {u, v, w,...} in which the following two opertions re defined: (A) Addition of

More information

Chapter 7 Notes, Stewart 8e. 7.1 Integration by Parts Trigonometric Integrals Evaluating sin m x cos n (x) dx...

Chapter 7 Notes, Stewart 8e. 7.1 Integration by Parts Trigonometric Integrals Evaluating sin m x cos n (x) dx... Contents 7.1 Integrtion by Prts................................... 2 7.2 Trigonometric Integrls.................................. 8 7.2.1 Evluting sin m x cos n (x)......................... 8 7.2.2 Evluting

More information

Section 3.2: Negative Exponents

Section 3.2: Negative Exponents Section 3.2: Negtive Exponents Objective: Simplify expressions with negtive exponents using the properties of exponents. There re few specil exponent properties tht del with exponents tht re not positive.

More information

Integration Techniques

Integration Techniques Integrtion Techniques. Integrtion of Trigonometric Functions Exmple. Evlute cos x. Recll tht cos x = cos x. Hence, cos x Exmple. Evlute = ( + cos x) = (x + sin x) + C = x + 4 sin x + C. cos 3 x. Let u

More information

AQA Further Pure 1. Complex Numbers. Section 1: Introduction to Complex Numbers. The number system

AQA Further Pure 1. Complex Numbers. Section 1: Introduction to Complex Numbers. The number system Complex Numbers Section 1: Introduction to Complex Numbers Notes nd Exmples These notes contin subsections on The number system Adding nd subtrcting complex numbers Multiplying complex numbers Complex

More information

Journal of Inequalities in Pure and Applied Mathematics

Journal of Inequalities in Pure and Applied Mathematics Journl o Inequlities in Pure nd Applied Mthemtics http://jipm.vu.edu.u/ Volume 6, Issue 4, Article 6, 2005 MROMORPHIC UNCTION THAT SHARS ON SMALL UNCTION WITH ITS DRIVATIV QINCAI ZHAN SCHOOL O INORMATION

More information

The graphs of Rational Functions

The graphs of Rational Functions Lecture 4 5A: The its of Rtionl Functions s x nd s x + The grphs of Rtionl Functions The grphs of rtionl functions hve severl differences compred to power functions. One of the differences is the behvior

More information

Physics 116C Solution of inhomogeneous ordinary differential equations using Green s functions

Physics 116C Solution of inhomogeneous ordinary differential equations using Green s functions Physics 6C Solution of inhomogeneous ordinry differentil equtions using Green s functions Peter Young November 5, 29 Homogeneous Equtions We hve studied, especilly in long HW problem, second order liner

More information

63. Representation of functions as power series Consider a power series. ( 1) n x 2n for all 1 < x < 1

63. Representation of functions as power series Consider a power series. ( 1) n x 2n for all 1 < x < 1 3 9. SEQUENCES AND SERIES 63. Representtion of functions s power series Consider power series x 2 + x 4 x 6 + x 8 + = ( ) n x 2n It is geometric series with q = x 2 nd therefore it converges for ll q =

More information

MATH FIELD DAY Contestants Insructions Team Essay. 1. Your team has forty minutes to answer this set of questions.

MATH FIELD DAY Contestants Insructions Team Essay. 1. Your team has forty minutes to answer this set of questions. MATH FIELD DAY 2012 Contestnts Insructions Tem Essy 1. Your tem hs forty minutes to nswer this set of questions. 2. All nswers must be justified with complete explntions. Your nswers should be cler, grmmticlly

More information

Lesson 25: Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions

Lesson 25: Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions Lesson 2: Adding nd Subtrcting Rtionl Expressions Student Outcomes Students perform ddition nd subtrction of rtionl expressions. Lesson Notes This lesson reviews ddition nd subtrction of frctions using

More information

Chapter 1: Fundamentals

Chapter 1: Fundamentals Chpter 1: Fundmentls 1.1 Rel Numbers Types of Rel Numbers: Nturl Numbers: {1, 2, 3,...}; These re the counting numbers. Integers: {... 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3,...}; These re ll the nturl numbers, their negtives,

More information

Chapter 6 Techniques of Integration

Chapter 6 Techniques of Integration MA Techniques of Integrtion Asst.Prof.Dr.Suprnee Liswdi Chpter 6 Techniques of Integrtion Recll: Some importnt integrls tht we hve lernt so fr. Tle of Integrls n+ n d = + C n + e d = e + C ( n ) d = ln

More information

Numerical Analysis: Trapezoidal and Simpson s Rule

Numerical Analysis: Trapezoidal and Simpson s Rule nd Simpson s Mthemticl question we re interested in numericlly nswering How to we evlute I = f (x) dx? Clculus tells us tht if F(x) is the ntiderivtive of function f (x) on the intervl [, b], then I =

More information

The Regulated and Riemann Integrals

The Regulated and Riemann Integrals Chpter 1 The Regulted nd Riemnn Integrls 1.1 Introduction We will consider severl different pproches to defining the definite integrl f(x) dx of function f(x). These definitions will ll ssign the sme vlue

More information

Math 113 Exam 2 Practice

Math 113 Exam 2 Practice Mth 3 Exm Prctice Februry 8, 03 Exm will cover 7.4, 7.5, 7.7, 7.8, 8.-3 nd 8.5. Plese note tht integrtion skills lerned in erlier sections will still be needed for the mteril in 7.5, 7.8 nd chpter 8. This

More information

1.2. Linear Variable Coefficient Equations. y + b "! = a y + b " Remark: The case b = 0 and a non-constant can be solved with the same idea as above.

1.2. Linear Variable Coefficient Equations. y + b ! = a y + b  Remark: The case b = 0 and a non-constant can be solved with the same idea as above. 1 12 Liner Vrible Coefficient Equtions Section Objective(s): Review: Constnt Coefficient Equtions Solving Vrible Coefficient Equtions The Integrting Fctor Method The Bernoulli Eqution 121 Review: Constnt

More information

Spring 2017 Exam 1 MARK BOX HAND IN PART PIN: 17

Spring 2017 Exam 1 MARK BOX HAND IN PART PIN: 17 Spring 07 Exm problem MARK BOX points HAND IN PART 0 5-55=x5 0 NAME: Solutions 3 0 0 PIN: 7 % 00 INSTRUCTIONS This exm comes in two prts. () HAND IN PART. Hnd in only this prt. () STATEMENT OF MULTIPLE

More information

Identify graphs of linear inequalities on a number line.

Identify graphs of linear inequalities on a number line. COMPETENCY 1.0 KNOWLEDGE OF ALGEBRA SKILL 1.1 Identify grphs of liner inequlities on number line. - When grphing first-degree eqution, solve for the vrible. The grph of this solution will be single point

More information

MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION. (Last edited October 28, 2013 at 11:09pm.)

MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION. (Last edited October 28, 2013 at 11:09pm.) MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION FRI, OCT 25, 203 (Lst edited October 28, 203 t :09pm.) Exercise. Let n be n rbitrry positive integer. Give n exmple of function with exctly n verticl symptotes. Give

More information

7. Indefinite Integrals

7. Indefinite Integrals 7. Indefinite Integrls These lecture notes present my interprettion of Ruth Lwrence s lecture notes (in Herew) 7. Prolem sttement By the fundmentl theorem of clculus, to clculte n integrl we need to find

More information

Polynomial Approximations for the Natural Logarithm and Arctangent Functions. Math 230

Polynomial Approximations for the Natural Logarithm and Arctangent Functions. Math 230 Polynomil Approimtions for the Nturl Logrithm nd Arctngent Functions Mth 23 You recll from first semester clculus how one cn use the derivtive to find n eqution for the tngent line to function t given

More information

Chapter 8: Methods of Integration

Chapter 8: Methods of Integration Chpter 8: Methods of Integrtion Bsic Integrls 8. Note: We hve the following list of Bsic Integrls p p+ + c, for p sec tn + c p + ln + c sec tn sec + c e e + c tn ln sec + c ln + c sec ln sec + tn + c ln

More information

A short introduction to local fractional complex analysis

A short introduction to local fractional complex analysis A short introduction to locl rctionl complex nlysis Yng Xio-Jun Deprtment o Mthemtics Mechnics, hin University o Mining Technology, Xuhou mpus, Xuhou, Jingsu, 228, P R dyngxiojun@63com This pper presents

More information

1 Techniques of Integration

1 Techniques of Integration November 8, 8 MAT86 Week Justin Ko Techniques of Integrtion. Integrtion By Substitution (Chnge of Vribles) We cn think of integrtion by substitution s the counterprt of the chin rule for differentition.

More information

PARTIAL FRACTION DECOMPOSITION

PARTIAL FRACTION DECOMPOSITION PARTIAL FRACTION DECOMPOSITION LARRY SUSANKA 1. Fcts bout Polynomils nd Nottion We must ssemble some tools nd nottion to prove the existence of the stndrd prtil frction decomposition, used s n integrtion

More information

I do slope intercept form With my shades on Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

I do slope intercept form With my shades on Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics AAT-A Dte: 1//1 SWBAT simplify rdicls. Do Now: ACT Prep HW Requests: Pg 49 #17-45 odds Continue Vocb sheet In Clss: Complete Skills Prctice WS HW: Complete Worksheets For Wednesdy stmped pges Bring stmped

More information

CAAM 453 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS I Examination There are four questions, plus a bonus. Do not look at them until you begin the exam.

CAAM 453 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS I Examination There are four questions, plus a bonus. Do not look at them until you begin the exam. Exmintion 1 Posted 23 October 2002. Due no lter thn 5pm on Mondy, 28 October 2002. Instructions: 1. Time limit: 3 uninterrupted hours. 2. There re four questions, plus bonus. Do not look t them until you

More information

Linearly Similar Polynomials

Linearly Similar Polynomials Linerly Similr Polynomils rthur Holshouser 3600 Bullrd St. Chrlotte, NC, US Hrold Reiter Deprtment of Mthemticl Sciences University of North Crolin Chrlotte, Chrlotte, NC 28223, US hbreiter@uncc.edu stndrd

More information

Bridging the gap: GCSE AS Level

Bridging the gap: GCSE AS Level Bridging the gp: GCSE AS Level CONTENTS Chpter Removing rckets pge Chpter Liner equtions Chpter Simultneous equtions 8 Chpter Fctors 0 Chpter Chnge the suject of the formul Chpter 6 Solving qudrtic equtions

More information

Mathematics Number: Logarithms

Mathematics Number: Logarithms plce of mind F A C U L T Y O F E D U C A T I O N Deprtment of Curriculum nd Pedgogy Mthemtics Numer: Logrithms Science nd Mthemtics Eduction Reserch Group Supported y UBC Teching nd Lerning Enhncement

More information

THE STERN-BROCOT TREE

THE STERN-BROCOT TREE THE STER-BROCOT TREE This is smple (drt) chpter rom: MATHEMATICAL OUTPOURIGS ewsletters nd Musings rom the St. Mr s Institute o Mthemtics Jmes Tnton www.jmestnton.com This mteril ws nd cn still e used

More information

Polynomials and Division Theory

Polynomials and Division Theory Higher Checklist (Unit ) Higher Checklist (Unit ) Polynomils nd Division Theory Skill Achieved? Know tht polynomil (expression) is of the form: n x + n x n + n x n + + n x + x + 0 where the i R re the

More information

Abstract inner product spaces

Abstract inner product spaces WEEK 4 Abstrct inner product spces Definition An inner product spce is vector spce V over the rel field R equipped with rule for multiplying vectors, such tht the product of two vectors is sclr, nd the

More information

Farey Fractions. Rickard Fernström. U.U.D.M. Project Report 2017:24. Department of Mathematics Uppsala University

Farey Fractions. Rickard Fernström. U.U.D.M. Project Report 2017:24. Department of Mathematics Uppsala University U.U.D.M. Project Report 07:4 Frey Frctions Rickrd Fernström Exmensrete i mtemtik, 5 hp Hledre: Andres Strömergsson Exmintor: Jörgen Östensson Juni 07 Deprtment of Mthemtics Uppsl University Frey Frctions

More information

MA Exam 2 Study Guide, Fall u n du (or the integral of linear combinations

MA Exam 2 Study Guide, Fall u n du (or the integral of linear combinations LESSON 0 Chpter 7.2 Trigonometric Integrls. Bsic trig integrls you should know. sin = cos + C cos = sin + C sec 2 = tn + C sec tn = sec + C csc 2 = cot + C csc cot = csc + C MA 6200 Em 2 Study Guide, Fll

More information

MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 1.2

MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 1.2 MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS. Apply lgebric procedures in solving problems Eternlly ssessed 4 credits Electronic technology, such s clcultors or computers, re not permitted in the ssessment of this stndr

More information

A-Level Mathematics Transition Task (compulsory for all maths students and all further maths student)

A-Level Mathematics Transition Task (compulsory for all maths students and all further maths student) A-Level Mthemtics Trnsition Tsk (compulsory for ll mths students nd ll further mths student) Due: st Lesson of the yer. Length: - hours work (depending on prior knowledge) This trnsition tsk provides revision

More information

We will see what is meant by standard form very shortly

We will see what is meant by standard form very shortly THEOREM: For fesible liner progrm in its stndrd form, the optimum vlue of the objective over its nonempty fesible region is () either unbounded or (b) is chievble t lest t one extreme point of the fesible

More information

CMDA 4604: Intermediate Topics in Mathematical Modeling Lecture 19: Interpolation and Quadrature

CMDA 4604: Intermediate Topics in Mathematical Modeling Lecture 19: Interpolation and Quadrature CMDA 4604: Intermedite Topics in Mthemticl Modeling Lecture 19: Interpoltion nd Qudrture In this lecture we mke brief diversion into the res of interpoltion nd qudrture. Given function f C[, b], we sy

More information

Orthogonal Polynomials

Orthogonal Polynomials Mth 4401 Gussin Qudrture Pge 1 Orthogonl Polynomils Orthogonl polynomils rise from series solutions to differentil equtions, lthough they cn be rrived t in vriety of different mnners. Orthogonl polynomils

More information

SUMMER KNOWHOW STUDY AND LEARNING CENTRE

SUMMER KNOWHOW STUDY AND LEARNING CENTRE SUMMER KNOWHOW STUDY AND LEARNING CENTRE Indices & Logrithms 2 Contents Indices.2 Frctionl Indices.4 Logrithms 6 Exponentil equtions. Simplifying Surds 13 Opertions on Surds..16 Scientific Nottion..18

More information

1B40 Practical Skills

1B40 Practical Skills B40 Prcticl Skills Comining uncertinties from severl quntities error propgtion We usully encounter situtions where the result of n experiment is given in terms of two (or more) quntities. We then need

More information

Math 113 Fall Final Exam Review. 2. Applications of Integration Chapter 6 including sections and section 6.8

Math 113 Fall Final Exam Review. 2. Applications of Integration Chapter 6 including sections and section 6.8 Mth 3 Fll 0 The scope of the finl exm will include: Finl Exm Review. Integrls Chpter 5 including sections 5. 5.7, 5.0. Applictions of Integrtion Chpter 6 including sections 6. 6.5 nd section 6.8 3. Infinite

More information

ENGI 9420 Lecture Notes 7 - Fourier Series Page 7.01

ENGI 9420 Lecture Notes 7 - Fourier Series Page 7.01 ENGI 940 ecture Notes 7 - Fourier Series Pge 7.0 7. Fourier Series nd Fourier Trnsforms Fourier series hve multiple purposes, including the provision of series solutions to some liner prtil differentil

More information

Taylor Polynomial Inequalities

Taylor Polynomial Inequalities Tylor Polynomil Inequlities Ben Glin September 17, 24 Abstrct There re instnces where we my wish to pproximte the vlue of complicted function round given point by constructing simpler function such s polynomil

More information

ntegration (p3) Integration by Inspection When differentiating using function of a function or the chain rule: If y = f(u), where in turn u = f(x)

ntegration (p3) Integration by Inspection When differentiating using function of a function or the chain rule: If y = f(u), where in turn u = f(x) ntegrtion (p) Integrtion by Inspection When differentiting using function of function or the chin rule: If y f(u), where in turn u f( y y So, to differentite u where u +, we write ( + ) nd get ( + ) (.

More information

Convex Sets and Functions

Convex Sets and Functions B Convex Sets nd Functions Definition B1 Let L, +, ) be rel liner spce nd let C be subset of L The set C is convex if, for ll x,y C nd ll [, 1], we hve 1 )x+y C In other words, every point on the line

More information

p-adic Egyptian Fractions

p-adic Egyptian Fractions p-adic Egyptin Frctions Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Trditionl Egyptin Frctions nd Greedy Algorithm 2 3 Set-up 3 4 p-greedy Algorithm 5 5 p-egyptin Trditionl 10 6 Conclusion 1 Introduction An Egyptin frction

More information

ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS. The real numbers have the following properties: a b c ab ac

ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS. The real numbers have the following properties: a b c ab ac REVIEW OF ALGEBRA Here we review the bsic rules nd procedures of lgebr tht you need to know in order to be successful in clculus. ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS The rel numbers hve the following properties: b b

More information

Part I: Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics

Part I: Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics Prt I: Bsic Concepts o Thermodynmics Lecture 4: Kinetic Theory o Gses Kinetic Theory or rel gses 4-1 Kinetic Theory or rel gses Recll tht or rel gses: (i The volume occupied by the molecules under ordinry

More information

Techniques of Integration

Techniques of Integration Chpter 8 Techniques of Integrtion 8. Integrtion by Prts Some Exmples of Integrtion Exmple 8... Use π/4 +cos4x. cos θ = +cosθ. Exmple 8... Find secx. The ide is to multiply secx+tnx both the numertor nd

More information

How can we approximate the area of a region in the plane? What is an interpretation of the area under the graph of a velocity function?

How can we approximate the area of a region in the plane? What is an interpretation of the area under the graph of a velocity function? Mth 125 Summry Here re some thoughts I ws hving while considering wht to put on the first midterm. The core of your studying should be the ssigned homework problems: mke sure you relly understnd those

More information

1 ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA and GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE

1 ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA and GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA nd GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE Directions: Study the exmples, work the prolems, then check your nswers t the end of ech topic. If you don t get the nswer given, check

More information

We know that if f is a continuous nonnegative function on the interval [a, b], then b

We know that if f is a continuous nonnegative function on the interval [a, b], then b 1 Ares Between Curves c 22 Donld Kreider nd Dwight Lhr We know tht if f is continuous nonnegtive function on the intervl [, b], then f(x) dx is the re under the grph of f nd bove the intervl. We re going

More information

MATH 144: Business Calculus Final Review

MATH 144: Business Calculus Final Review MATH 144: Business Clculus Finl Review 1 Skills 1. Clculte severl limits. 2. Find verticl nd horizontl symptotes for given rtionl function. 3. Clculte derivtive by definition. 4. Clculte severl derivtives

More information

Topic 6b Finite Difference Approximations

Topic 6b Finite Difference Approximations /8/8 Course Instructor Dr. Rymond C. Rump Oice: A 7 Pone: (95) 747 6958 E Mil: rcrump@utep.edu Topic 6b Finite Dierence Approximtions EE 486/5 Computtionl Metods in EE Outline Wt re inite dierence pproximtions?

More information

0.1 Chapters 1: Limits and continuity

0.1 Chapters 1: Limits and continuity 1 REVIEW SHEET FOR CALCULUS 140 Some of the topics hve smple problems from previous finls indicted next to the hedings. 0.1 Chpters 1: Limits nd continuity Theorem 0.1.1 Sndwich Theorem(F 96 # 20, F 97

More information

The Modified Heinz s Inequality

The Modified Heinz s Inequality Journl of Applied Mthemtics nd Physics, 03,, 65-70 Pulished Online Novemer 03 (http://wwwscirporg/journl/jmp) http://dxdoiorg/0436/jmp03500 The Modified Heinz s Inequlity Tkshi Yoshino Mthemticl Institute,

More information

Families of Solutions to Bernoulli ODEs

Families of Solutions to Bernoulli ODEs In the fmily of solutions to the differentil eqution y ry dx + = it is shown tht vrition of the initil condition y( 0 = cuses horizontl shift in the solution curve y = f ( x, rther thn the verticl shift

More information

Bases for Vector Spaces

Bases for Vector Spaces Bses for Vector Spces 2-26-25 A set is independent if, roughly speking, there is no redundncy in the set: You cn t uild ny vector in the set s liner comintion of the others A set spns if you cn uild everything

More information

Math 1B, lecture 4: Error bounds for numerical methods

Math 1B, lecture 4: Error bounds for numerical methods Mth B, lecture 4: Error bounds for numericl methods Nthn Pflueger 4 September 0 Introduction The five numericl methods descried in the previous lecture ll operte by the sme principle: they pproximte the

More information

6.5 Numerical Approximations of Definite Integrals

6.5 Numerical Approximations of Definite Integrals Arknss Tech University MATH 94: Clculus II Dr. Mrcel B. Finn 6.5 Numericl Approximtions of Definite Integrls Sometimes the integrl of function cnnot be expressed with elementry functions, i.e., polynomil,

More information

Sturm-Liouville Eigenvalue problem: Let p(x) > 0, q(x) 0, r(x) 0 in I = (a, b). Here we assume b > a. Let X C 2 1

Sturm-Liouville Eigenvalue problem: Let p(x) > 0, q(x) 0, r(x) 0 in I = (a, b). Here we assume b > a. Let X C 2 1 Ch.4. INTEGRAL EQUATIONS AND GREEN S FUNCTIONS Ronld B Guenther nd John W Lee, Prtil Differentil Equtions of Mthemticl Physics nd Integrl Equtions. Hildebrnd, Methods of Applied Mthemtics, second edition

More information

Best Approximation. Chapter The General Case

Best Approximation. Chapter The General Case Chpter 4 Best Approximtion 4.1 The Generl Cse In the previous chpter, we hve seen how n interpolting polynomil cn be used s n pproximtion to given function. We now wnt to find the best pproximtion to given

More information

1 The Riemann Integral

1 The Riemann Integral The Riemnn Integrl. An exmple leding to the notion of integrl (res) We know how to find (i.e. define) the re of rectngle (bse height), tringle ( (sum of res of tringles). But how do we find/define n re

More information

Lecture 17. Integration: Gauss Quadrature. David Semeraro. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. March 20, 2014

Lecture 17. Integration: Gauss Quadrature. David Semeraro. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. March 20, 2014 Lecture 17 Integrtion: Guss Qudrture Dvid Semerro University of Illinois t Urbn-Chmpign Mrch 0, 014 Dvid Semerro (NCSA) CS 57 Mrch 0, 014 1 / 9 Tody: Objectives identify the most widely used qudrture method

More information

Section 3.3: Fredholm Integral Equations

Section 3.3: Fredholm Integral Equations Section 3.3: Fredholm Integrl Equtions Suppose tht k : [, b] [, b] R nd g : [, b] R re given functions nd tht we wish to find n f : [, b] R tht stisfies f(x) = g(x) + k(x, y) f(y) dy. () Eqution () is

More information

Consolidation Worksheet

Consolidation Worksheet Cmbridge Essentils Mthemtics Core 8 NConsolidtion Worksheet N Consolidtion Worksheet Work these out. 8 b 7 + 0 c 6 + 7 5 Use the number line to help. 2 Remember + 2 2 +2 2 2 + 2 Adding negtive number is

More information

On Error Sum Functions Formed by Convergents of Real Numbers

On Error Sum Functions Formed by Convergents of Real Numbers 3 47 6 3 Journl of Integer Sequences, Vol. 4 (), Article.8.6 On Error Sum Functions Formed by Convergents of Rel Numbers Crsten Elsner nd Mrtin Stein Fchhochschule für die Wirtschft Hnnover Freundllee

More information

Engineering Analysis ENG 3420 Fall Dan C. Marinescu Office: HEC 439 B Office hours: Tu-Th 11:00-12:00

Engineering Analysis ENG 3420 Fall Dan C. Marinescu Office: HEC 439 B Office hours: Tu-Th 11:00-12:00 Engineering Anlysis ENG 3420 Fll 2009 Dn C. Mrinescu Office: HEC 439 B Office hours: Tu-Th 11:00-12:00 Lecture 13 Lst time: Problem solving in preprtion for the quiz Liner Algebr Concepts Vector Spces,

More information

Math 360: A primitive integral and elementary functions

Math 360: A primitive integral and elementary functions Mth 360: A primitive integrl nd elementry functions D. DeTurck University of Pennsylvni October 16, 2017 D. DeTurck Mth 360 001 2017C: Integrl/functions 1 / 32 Setup for the integrl prtitions Definition:

More information

Chapter 4. Additional Variational Concepts

Chapter 4. Additional Variational Concepts Chpter 4 Additionl Vritionl Concepts 137 In the previous chpter we considered clculus o vrition problems which hd ixed boundry conditions. Tht is, in one dimension the end point conditions were speciied.

More information

Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions

Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions 6.4 Adding nd Subtrcting Rtionl Epressions Essentil Question How cn you determine the domin of the sum or difference of two rtionl epressions? You cn dd nd subtrct rtionl epressions in much the sme wy

More information

Reversing the Chain Rule. As we have seen from the Second Fundamental Theorem ( 4.3), the easiest way to evaluate an integral b

Reversing the Chain Rule. As we have seen from the Second Fundamental Theorem ( 4.3), the easiest way to evaluate an integral b Mth 32 Substitution Method Stewrt 4.5 Reversing the Chin Rule. As we hve seen from the Second Fundmentl Theorem ( 4.3), the esiest wy to evlute n integrl b f(x) dx is to find n ntiderivtive, the indefinite

More information

Chapter 3 Single Random Variables and Probability Distributions (Part 2)

Chapter 3 Single Random Variables and Probability Distributions (Part 2) Chpter 3 Single Rndom Vriles nd Proilit Distriutions (Prt ) Contents Wht is Rndom Vrile? Proilit Distriution Functions Cumultive Distriution Function Proilit Densit Function Common Rndom Vriles nd their

More information

Energy Bands Energy Bands and Band Gap. Phys463.nb Phenomenon

Energy Bands Energy Bands and Band Gap. Phys463.nb Phenomenon Phys463.nb 49 7 Energy Bnds Ref: textbook, Chpter 7 Q: Why re there insultors nd conductors? Q: Wht will hppen when n electron moves in crystl? In the previous chpter, we discussed free electron gses,

More information

Convergence of Fourier Series and Fejer s Theorem. Lee Ricketson

Convergence of Fourier Series and Fejer s Theorem. Lee Ricketson Convergence of Fourier Series nd Fejer s Theorem Lee Ricketson My, 006 Abstrct This pper will ddress the Fourier Series of functions with rbitrry period. We will derive forms of the Dirichlet nd Fejer

More information

Math 100 Review Sheet

Math 100 Review Sheet Mth 100 Review Sheet Joseph H. Silvermn December 2010 This outline of Mth 100 is summry of the mteril covered in the course. It is designed to be study id, but it is only n outline nd should be used s

More information

Improper Integrals. Introduction. Type 1: Improper Integrals on Infinite Intervals. When we defined the definite integral.

Improper Integrals. Introduction. Type 1: Improper Integrals on Infinite Intervals. When we defined the definite integral. Improper Integrls Introduction When we defined the definite integrl f d we ssumed tht f ws continuous on [, ] where [, ] ws finite, closed intervl There re t lest two wys this definition cn fil to e stisfied:

More information