Sensorless Control of Induction Motor using Simulink by Direct Synthesis Technique

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1 Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal Engneeng. ISSN olue 4, Nube (20), pp Intenatonal Reeach Publcaton Houe Senole Contol of Inducton Moto ung Sulnk by Dect Synthe Technque P. Nagaekha Reddy, P. nga Reddy 2 and J. Aanath 3 E.E.E. Depatent, MGIT, Hydeabad, Andhapadeh, Inda. 2 EEE Depatent, K Unvety, jayawada, Andhapadeh, Inda. 3 Depatent of Electcal Engneeng, J.N.T.U., Hydeabad, Andhapadeh, Inda. E-al:nagaekhaeddy.p@gal.co Abtact To analyze any oto o geneato t vey uch potant to obtan the achne n te of equvalent atheatcal equaton. Tadtonal pe phae equvalent ccut ha been wdely ued n teady tate analy and degn of nducton oto, but t not appecable to pedct the dynac pefoance of the oto. The dynac odel of the nducton oto deved by ung a two-phae oto n dect and quadatue axe. Th appoach deable becaue of the conceptual plcty obtaned wth two et of wndng. Th pape decbe a genealzed odel of the nducton oto and t Sulnk pleentaton of an nducton oto odel n a tep-by-tep appoach. The tatonay efeence fae baed odel fo nducton oto condeed due to t plcty, accuate and obutne to the paaete vaaton of nducton oto. Alo, the opeaton of peed contolled ac dve wthout echancal peed o poton eno eque the etaton of ntenal tate vaable of the achne. The aeent baed excluvely on eaued tenal voltage and cuent. Contnung eeach ha concentated on the elnaton of the peed eno at the achne haft wthout deteoatng the dynac pefoance of dve contol yte. Speed etaton an ue of patcula nteet wth nducton oto dve whee the echancal peed of the oto geneally dffeent fo the peed of the evolvng agnetc feld. Afte the pleentaton of achne odel, a enole contol of nducton oto ung Dect Synthe fo State Equaton have been caed out by ung Matlab /Sulnk fo the evaluaton of dynac pefoance of nducton oto. Keywo: Inducton oto, tato efeence fae, dect ynthe, enole contol, odelng, MATAB/SIMUINK.

2 24 P. Nagaekha Reddy et al Intoducton Uually, when an electcal achne ulated n any ccut ulato lke PSpce and SABER package, t teady tate odel ued. But fo electcal dve tude, the tanent behavo vey potant. One advantage of Sulnk ove ccut ulato the eae n odelng the tanent of electcal achne and dve and to nclude dve contol n the ulaton. A long a the equaton ae known, any dve o contol algoth can be odeled n Sulnk. Howeve, the equaton by theelve ae not alway enough. Soe expeence wth dffeental equaton olvng alo equed. Sulnk baed nducton achne odel ae avalable n the lteatue [], [3], [5], but they appea to be black-boxe wth no ntenal detal. Soe of the have been ecoended ung S-functon, whch ae oftwae ouce code fo Sulnk block. Th technque doe not fully utlze the powe and eae of Sulnk becaue uage of S-functon pogang knowledge eque to acce the odel vaable. S-functon un fate than dcete Sulnk block, but Sulnk odel can be ade to un fate ung acceleato functon o poducng tand-alone Sulnk odel. In th pape, a odula whch eay to undetand Sulnk nducton oto decbed. Wth the odula yte, each block olve one of the odel equaton. Theefoe unlke black-box odel, all of the achne paaete ae acceble fo contol and vefcaton pupoe. The Senole vecto contol nducton oto dve eentally ean vecto contol wthout any peed eno. An nceental haft ounted peed encode, uually an optcal type equed fo cloed loop peed o poton contol n both vecto contol and cala contolled dve. In th pape, t alo popoed to pleent enole vecto contol of nducton oto by dect ynthe of the tate equaton technque by ung SIMUINK. Inducton Moto Model Befoe gong to analyze any achne t vey uch potant to obtan the achne n te of equvalent atheatcal equaton. The dynac odel of the nducton oto deved by ung a two-phae oto n dect and quadatue axe. Th appoach deable becaue of the conceptual plcty obtaned wth two et of wndng, one on the tato and the othe n the oto. The nducton oto odel can be developed fo the fundaental electcal and echancal equaton. Aung d - q ae oented at θ angle, then the coepondng voltage and can be eolved n to a-b-c coponent and can be epeented n atx fo wth efeence to tatonay efeence fae. a b c coθ n( θ 20) co( θ + 20) nθ n( θ 20) n( θ + 20) o ()

3 Senole Contol of Inducton Moto 25 The coepondng nvee elaton, o 3 2 coθ nθ 0.5 co( θ 20) n( θ 20) 0.5 co( θ + 20) n( θ + 20) 0.5 a b c (2) Fgue: Thee-phae wndng and Two-phae equvalent epeentaton of nducton oto. Fo the above equvalent epeentaton the tenal voltage equaton (3) obtaned by aung the achne yetcal wth a lnea a-gap and agnetc ccut, unfo a gap, nuodal dtbuton of f and neglgble Satuaton effect. q d R + ρ 0 ρ ω R + ρ ω 0 ρ R ρ 0 + ρ ω 0 ρ ω R + ρ q d (3) d Whee ρ, dffeental opeato dt The tato and oto flux lnkage n the tato efeence fae ae defned a, q d q d q d q d ( + ) ( + ) q d (4) (5) Fo the tenal voltage and flux lnkage equaton, we get

4 26 P. Nagaekha Reddy et al d q R R R R d q + ρ + ρ + ω ω q d + ρ + ρ d q (6) By olvng the equaton (4),(5) and (6), we have, ( R dt (7) ) ( R dt (8) ) ω q + R d (9) R + ω d + R q (0) R + R + d ( R + ) () R + q ( R + ) (2) The electoagnetc toque of the nducton oto n tato efeence fae gven by, T e 3 P 2 2 ( ) d q (3) The electo-echancal equaton of the nducton oto gven by, 2 dω Te T J (4) P dt Ung above equaton, the nducton oto odel wll be developed n tato efeence fae ung Sulnk by dect ynthe technque. Sulnk pleentaton The d-q odel eque that all the thee-phae vaable have to be tanfoed n to the two-phae ynchonouly otatng fae. Conequently, the nducton achne odel wll have block tanfong the thee-phae voltage to the d-q fae and the d-q fae back to thee-phae. The nput of a quel cage nducton achne ae the thee-phae voltage, the

5 Senole Contol of Inducton Moto 27 fundaental fequency, and the load toque. The output on the othe hand ae the thee phae cuent, oto peed and the electcal toque. 3-phae to 2-phae conveon Fo convenent the zeo-equence coponent, o n equaton (2) et to θ 0 o that -ax algned wth a-ax. Theefoe gnong zeo-equence coponent, d-q voltage equaton can be plfed a, 2 a 3 3 b + 3 b 3 c 3 c Ung thee equaton, 3-phae nducton oto equvalently conveted to two phae nducton oto a hown n fgue 2. Input to th block ae 3-φ voltage and output ae equvalent 2-φ dect ax and quadatue ax voltage. a Scope a Scope 2 b 2/3 Gan K*u e 2 3 c Scope2 Fgue 2: Sulnk daga of thee-phae to two-phae conveon. 2-phae to 3-Phae conveon The feedback quantte whch ae n otatng fae ae tanfeed to tatonay fae and then ung SIMUINK t tanfeed fo 2-φ to 3-φ a hown n the fgue 3. Fgue 3: Sulnk daga of two-phae to thee-phae conveon.

6 28 P. Nagaekha Reddy et al Unt vecto calculaton BOCK Unt vecto co θ e and n θ e ae ued n vecto otaton block, abc-yn conveon block and yn-abc conveon block. The angle, θ e calculated dectly by ntegatng the fequency of the nput thee-phae voltage, ω e. θ e ω e dt The unt vecto ae obtaned ply by takng the ne and cone of θ e. Th block alo wee the ntal oto poton can be neted, f needed, by addng an ntal condton to the ulnk ntegato block. Inducton oto odel The dynac equaton (7) to (4) wee ued to develop the ulnk odel of the nducton oto odel a hown n fgue 4. The nput to th block ae dect and quadatue axe voltage and load toque. The output ae dect axe tato and oto fluxe, quadatue axe tato and oto fluxe, dect and quadatue axe tato cuent, developed electcal toque and oto peed. Fgue 4: Sulnk daga of nducton oto odel. Paaete fo Sulaton Paaete fo the nducton oto Stato ccut etance Ω Roto ccut etance Ω Inductance of tato ccut 0.65 H Inductance of oto ccut 0.62 H Mutual nductance 0.49 H Moent of neta Kg. 2 Sulaton paaete DC lnk voltage 250 Step ze 25 µ

7 Senole Contol of Inducton Moto 29 Senole vecto contol The nducton oto wthout peed eno extact nfoaton of the echancal haft peed fo eaued tato voltage and cuent at the oto tenal. By ung the peed etaton technque, the nfoaton of peed can be etated and th nfoaton feedback to contol of the nducton oto dve. In hgh pefoance applcaton, the nducton oto contolled though feld oentaton technque, whch eque knowledge of the oto peed. Snce peed eno deceae the elablty of a dve yte (and nceae t cot), a coon tend to elnate the and ue vaou peed etaton technque lke lp calculaton, dect ynthe fo tate equaton, MRAS, peed adaptve flux obeve, Extended kalan flte (EKF) and lot haonc. In th pape, a dect ynthe fo tate equaton technque wee ued to pleent enole vecto contol ung SIMUINK. The flux and peed etato ae ued to etate the flux and peed epectvely. Thee gnal then copaed wth efeence value and contolled by ung the PI contolle. The Sulnk daga of enole vecto contol of nducton oto ung dect ynthe of dynac tate equaton hown n fgue 5. Fgue 5: Sulnk daga of enole vecto contol. Sulaton eult The nducton oto odelng and Senole contol of nducton oto done by ung SIMUINK. The eult of dect and quadatue axe voltage & cuent, dve fo tatng, teady tate, tep change n load and peed eveal wee peented.

8 30 P. Nagaekha Reddy et al Fgue 6: Actual peed and etated peed ung dect ynthe of tate equaton n ad/ec. Fgue 7: dect and quadatue axe cuent. Fgue 8: dect and quadatue axe voltage.

9 Senole Contol of Inducton Moto 3 Fgue 9: ulaton eult of a dve dung tatng and teady tate. Fgue 0: ulaton eult of a dve on tep change n load; a 5 N- appled at te t0.25 ec. Fgue : tanent epone of a dve dung peed eveal of a dve; peed changed fo +00 ad/ec to -00 ad/ec.

10 32 P. Nagaekha Reddy et al Concluon The ulnk ulaton odel peented n th pape effectve fo tanent analy of the nducton oto ung dect ynthe. Ung dect ynthe of Sulnk oftwae, each block of the odel can be connected and be odfed ealy. Fnally, enole contol of nducton oto ung dect ynthe fo the tate equaton have been peented fo tatng, teady tate, tanent and peed eveal wthout ung any haft encode a n the cae of vecto contol. The developed ulnk odel nceae the uggedne a well a t povde fat epone. Refeence [] M.. de Agua, M. M. Cad, The concept of coplex tanfe functon appled to the odelng of nducton oto, Powe engneeng Socety Wnte Meetng, 2000, pp [2] A. Dutecu, D. Fodo, T. Joknen, M. Rou, S. Bucuenco, Modelng and ulaton of electc dve yte ung Matlab/Sulnk envonent, Intenatonal Confeence on Electc Machne and Dve (IEMD), 999, pp [3] S. Wade, M. W. Dunngan, B. W. Wlla, Modelng and ulaton of nducton achne vecto contol wth oto etance dentfcaton, IEEE Tanacton on Powe Electonc, vol. 2, no. 3, May 997, pp [4] Joach Holtz, Seno le Contol of Inducton oto Dve Poceedng of the IEEE, ol.90, no.8.augut [5]. Tang, M. F. Rahan, A new dect toque contol tategy fo flux and toque pple educton fo nducton oto dve a Matlab/Sulnk odel, IEEE Intenatonal Electc Machne and Dve Confeence, 200, pp [6] S.N. Ghan, Dgtal copute ulaton of thee phae Inducton Machne dynac-a genealzed appoach IEEE Tan. on Ind.App., vol.24, No., Jan/Feb.,988.