Chapter 2 Test Item File

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1 Chapter 2 Test Item File Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 1. What must be your average speed in order to travel 350 km in 5.15 h? a) 66.0 km/h b) 67.0 km/h c) 68.0 km/h d) 69.0 km/h 2. A car travels 90km/h. How long does it take for it to travel 400 km? a) 4.1 h b) 4.2 h c) 4.3 h d) 4.4 h Answer: d Difficulty: 1 3. If you are driving 90 km/h along a straight road and you look to the side for 3.0 s, how far do you travel during this inattentive period? a) 30 m b) 25 m c) 50 m d) 75 m Answer: d Difficulty: mi/h is how many m/s? (1 mi = 1609 m.) a) 25 m/s b) 120 m/s c) 49 m/s d) 62 m/s Answer: a Difficulty: 1

2 5. A polar bear starts at the North pole. It travels 1.0 km South, then 1.0 km East, then 1.0 km North to return to its starting point. This trip takes 30 min. What was the bear's average speed? a) 0 km/h b) 0.10 km/h c) 3.0 km/h d) 6.0 km/h Answer: d Difficulty: 1 6. You are driving home on a weekend from school at 55 mi/h for 110 miles. It then starts to snow and you slow to 35 mi/h. You arrive home after driving 4 hours and 15 minutes. How far is your hometown from school? a) 180 mi b) 190 mi c) 200 mi d) 210 mi Answer: b Difficulty: 2 7. A ly (light year) is the distance that light travels in one year. The speed of light is 3.OOX10 8 m/s. How many miles are there in a ly? (1 mi = 1609 m, 1 yr = 365 d.) a) 9.46XlO 12 ml b) 9.46XlO 15 ml c) 5.88XlO 12 ml d) 5. 88XlO 15 ml 8. A polar bear starts at the North Pole. It travels 1.0 km South, then 1.0 km East, then 1.0 km North to return to its starting point. This trip takes 30 min. What was the bear's average velocity? a) 0 km/h b) 0.10 km/h c) 3.0 km/h d) 6.0 km/h Answer: a Difficulty: 2

3 9. A runner ran the marathon (approximately 42.0 km) in 2 hours and 57 min. What is the average speed of the runner in m/s? a) 14.2X10 3 m/s b) 124 m/s c) 3.95 m/s d) 14.2 m/s 10. A motorist travels 160 km at 80 km/h and 160 km at 100 km/h. What is the average speed of the motorist for this trip? a) 84 km/h b) 89 km/h c) 90 km/h d) 91 km/h Answer: b Difficulty: 2 Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 11. If you run a complete loop around an outdoor track (400 m), in 100 s, your average velocity is a) 0.25 m/s b) 4.0 m/s c) 40,000 m/s d) zero Answer: d Difficulty: An airplane travels at 300 mi/h south for 2.00 h and then at 250 mi/h north for 750 miles. What is the average speed for the trip? a) 260 mi/h b) 270 mi/h c) 275 mi/h d) 280 mi/h Answer: b Difficulty: 2

4 13. Which of the following speeds is the greatest? a) 10 km/h b) 10 mi/h c) 10 m/s d) 10 ftls 14. Consider a boat that can travel with speed V in still water. For which of the following trips will the elapsed time be least? a) Boat travels a distance 2d in still water. b) Boat travels a distance d upstream and then returns to its starting point. c) Boat travels a distance d downstream and then returns to its starting point. d) The time is the same in all of the above cases. Answer: a Difficulty: In a 400-m relay race the anchorman (the person who runs the last 100 m) for team A can run 100 m in 9.8 s. His rival, the anchorman for team B, can cover 100 m in 10.1 s. What is the largest lead the team Brunner can have when the team A runner starts the final leg of the race, in order that the team A runner not lose the race? a) 2.0 m b) 3.0 m c) 4.0 m d) 5.0 m Answer: b Difficulty: 3

5 16. A boat can move at 30 km/h in still water. How long will it take to move 12 km upstream in a river flowing 6.0 km/h? a) 20 min b) 22 min c) 24 min d) 30 min Answer: d Difficulty: A motorist travels for 3.0 h at 80 km/h and 2.0 h at 100 km/h. What is her average speed for the trip? a) 85 km/h b) 88 km/h c) 90 km/h d) 92 km/h 18. When is the average velocity of an object equal to the instantaneous velocity? a) This is always true. b) This is never true. c) This is the case only when the velocity IS constant. d) This is the case only when the velocity is increasing at a constant rate. 19. A new car manufacturer advertises that their car can go "from zero to sixty in 8 s". This is a description of a) average speed. b) instantaneous speed. c) average acceleration. d) instantaneous acceleration.

6 20. Can an object's velocity change direction when its acceleration is constant? a) No, this is not possible because it is always speeding up. b) No, this is not possible because it is always speeding up or always slowing down, but it can never turn around. c) Yes, this is possible, and a rock thrown straight up is an example. d) Yes, this is possible, and a car that starts from rest, speeds up, slows to a stop, and then backs up is an example. Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 21. Can an object have increasing speed while its acceleration is decreasing? a) No, this is impossible because of the way in which acceleration is defined. b) No, because if acceleration is decreasing the object will be slowing down. c) Yes, and an example would be an object falling in the absence of air friction. d) Yes, and an example would be an object released from rest in the presence of air friction. Answer: d Difficulty: Suppose that an object is moving with constant acceleration. Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning its motion? a) In equal times its speed increases by equal amounts. b) In equal times its velocity changes by equal amounts. c) In equal times it moves equal distances. d) None of the above is true. Answer: b Difficulty: 2

7 23. A can, after an initial kick, moves up along a smooth hill of ice. It will a) travel at constant velocity. b) have a constant acceleration up the hill, but a different constant acceleration when it comes back down the hill. c) have the same acceleration, both up the hill and down the hill. d) have a varying acceleration along the hill. Answer: c Difficulty: Under what condition is average velocity equal to the average of the object's initial and final velocity? a) The acceleration must be constantly changing. b) The acceleration must be constant. c) This can only occur if there is no acceleration. d) This is impossible. Answer: b Difficulty: An object moves 5.0 m north and then 3.0 m south. Find both the distance traveled and the magnitude of the displacement vector. a) 2.0 m, 8.0 m b) 8.0 m, 2.0 m c) 8.0 m, 8.0 m d) 2.0 m, 2.0 m 26. A cart starts from rest and accelerates at 4.0 m/s2 for 5.0 s, then maintain that velocity for 10 s, and then decelerates at the rate of 2.0 m/s2 for 4.0 s. What is the final speed of the car? a) 20 m/s b) 16 m/s c) 12 m/s d) 10 m/s

8 27. A cart with an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s2 experiences a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What is the cart's displacement during the first 6.0 s of its motion? a) 10 m b) 55 m c) 66 m d) 80 m Answer: d Difficulty: An object moving in the +x axis experiences an acceleration of 2.0 m/s 2. This means the object is a) traveling at 2.0 m in every second. b) traveling at 5.0 m/s in every second. c) changing its velocity by 5.0 m/s. d) increasing its velocity by 5.0 m/s in every second. Answer: d Difficulty: 1 29.An airplane increases its speed from 100 m/s to 160 m/s, at the average rate of 15 m/s 2. How much time does it take for the complete increase in speed? a) 17 s b) s c) 4.0 s d) 0.25 s Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 30. A car traveling 30 m/s is able to stop in a distance d. Assuming the same braking force, what distance does this car require to stop when it is traveling twice as fast? a) d b) l.4d c) 2d d) 4d Answer: d Difficulty: 2

9 31. A car decelerates uniformly and comes to a stop after 10 s. The car's average velocity during deceleration was 50 km/h. What was the car's deceleration while slowing down? a) 10 km/h-s b) 8.0 km/h-s c) 5.0 km/h-s d) 4.0 km/h-s Answer: a Difficulty: A car traveling 60 km/h accelerates at the rate of 2.0 m/s 2. How much time is required for the car to reach a speed of 90 km/h? a) 15 s b) 30 s c) 45 s d) 4.2 s 33. A bullet moving horizontally with a speed of 500 m/s strikes a sandbag and penetrates a distance of 10.0 cm. What is the average acceleration, in m/s2, of the bullet? a) 1.25X10 6 b) 2.50X10 6 c) 1.25X10 3 d) 2.50X10 3 Answer: a Difficulty: A car with good tires on a dry road can decelerate at about 5.0 m/s 2 when braking. If the car is traveling at 55 mi/h, how much time does 1 take the car to stop? a) 9.8 s b) 2.5 s c) 11 s d) 4.9 s Answer: d Difficulty: 1

10 35. A car with good tires on a dry road can decelerate at about 5.0 m/s2 when braking. If the car is traveling at 55 mi/h, what is the stopping distance? a) 60 m b) 120 m c) 300 m d) 5.5 m Answer: a Difficulty: A jet fighter plane is launched from a catapult on an aircraft carrier.it reaches a speed of 42 m/s at the end of the catapult, and this requires 2.0 s. Assuming the acceleration is constant, what is the length of the catapult? a) 16 m b) 24 m c) 42 m d) 84 m 37. A car starting from rest moves with constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s 2 for 10 s, then travels with constant speed for another 10 s, and then finally slows to a stop with constant acceleration of -2.0 m/s 2. How far does it travel? a) 200 m b) 300 m c) 400 m d) 500 m

11 38. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at 3.0 m/s 2. A second car starts from rest 6.0 s later at the same point and accelerates uniformly at 5.0 m/s 2. How long does it take the second car to overtake the first car? a) 12 s b) 19 s c) 21 s d) 24 s Answer: c Difficulty: 3 Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 39. A car goes from 40 mls to 80 mls in a distance of 200 m. What is its average acceleration? a) 8.0 m/s 2 b) 9.6 m/s 2 c) 12 m/s 2 d) 24 m/s A car travels at 15 mls for 10 s. It then speeds up with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 for 15 s. At the end of this time, what is its velocity? a) 15 mls b) 30 mls c) 45 mls d) 375 mls

12 41. An object starts from rest and undergoes uniform acceleration. During the first second it travels 5.0 m. How far will it move during the next second? a) 5.0 m b) 15 m c) 20 m d) 25 m Answer: b Difficulty: An object starts from rest and undergoes uniform acceleration. During the first second it travels 5.0 m. How far will it travel during the third second? a) 5.0 m b) 15 m c) 25 m d) 45 m 43. Objects A and B both start at rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerates for twice the time as object B. What is the final speed of object A compared to that of object B? a) the same speed b) twice as fas t c) three times as fast d) four times as fast 44. Objects A and B both start from rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerates for twice the time as object B. What is the distance traveled by object A compared to that of object B? a) the same distance b) twice as far c) three times as far d) four times as far Answer: d Difficulty: 2

13 45. An object moving in a straight line with constant acceleration. Initially it is travelling at 16 m/s. Three seconds later it is 10 m/s. How far does it move during this time? a) 26 m b) 30 m c) 39 m d) 48 m 46. An object is moving with constant non-zero velocity in the +x axis. The position versus time graph of this object is a) a horizontal straight line. b) a vertical straight line. c) a straight line making an angle with the time axis. d) a parabolic curve. 47. An object is moving with constant non-zero acceleration in the +x axis. The position versus time graph of this object is a) a horizontal straight line. b) a vertical straight line. c) a straight line making an angle with the time axis. d) a parabolic curve. Answer: d Difficulty: An object is moving with constant non-zero velocity in the +x axis. The velocity versus time graph of this object is a) a horizontal straight line. b) a vertical straight line. c) a straight line making an angle with the time axis. d) a parabolic curve. Answer: a Difficulty: 1

14 49. An object is moving with constant non-zero acceleration in the +x axis. The velocity versus time graph of this object is a) A horizontal straight line b) A vertical straight line c) A straight line making an angle with the time axis d) A parabolic curve 50. A ball is thrown straight up, reaches its maximum height, then falls to its initial height. As the ball is coming down a. Both its velocity and its acceleration point upward. b. Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward. c. Its velocity points downward and its acceleration points upward. d. Both its velocity and its acceleration point downward. Answer: d Difficulty: An object is thrown upward with a speed if 14 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.5 m/s 2. What is the maximum height reached by the object? a. 7.0 m b. 10 m c. 14 m d. 28 m Answer: d Difficulty: An object is thrown upward with a speed if 14 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.5 m/s 2. How long does it take for the object to reach the maximum height? a. 2.0 s b. 4.0 s c. 8.0 s d. 1.4 s

15 53. An object is thrown upward with a speed if 14 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.5 m/s 2. How long does it take for the object to return to where it is thrown? a. 2.0 s b. 4.0 s c. 8.0 s d. 1.4 s 54. An object is thrown upward with a speed of 14 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.5 m/s2. What is the speed of the object after 2.0 s? a) 5.6 m/s b) 7.0 m/s c) 14 m/s d) 21 m/s 55. An object is thrown upward with a speed of 14 m/s on the surface of planet X where the acceleration due to gravity is 3.5 m/s2. What is the speed of the object after 8.0 s? a) 64 m/s b) 7.0 m/s c) 14 ml s d) 21 m/s 56. When an object is released from rest and falls in the absence of friction, which of the following is true concerning its motion? a) Its acceleration is constant. b) Its velocity is constant. c) Neither its acceleration nor its velocity is constant. d) Both its acceleration and its velocity are constant. Answer: a Difficulty: 1

16 57. A ball is thrown straight up. When the ball reaches the highest point a) Both its velocity and its acceleration are zero. b) Its velocity is zero and its acceleration is not zero. c) Its velocity is not zero and its acceleration is zero. d) Neither its velocity nor its acceleration is zero. 58. A skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. When she reaches terminal velocity, her acceleration a. Is essentially zero. b. Is in the upward direction. c. Is approximately 9.8 m/s 2 downward. d. Is a constant pointing upward. Answer: a Difficulty: 2 Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 59. A ball is thrown upward at a velocity of 19.6 m/s. What is its velocity after 3.00 s? a) 9.8 m/s upward. b) 9.8 m/s downward. c) zero d) 19.6 downward. 60. A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed v. An identical second ball is thrown upward with a speed 2v (twice as fast). What is the ratio of the maximum height of the second ball to that of the first ball? (How many times higher does the second ball go than the first ball?) a) 4:1 b) 2:1 c) 1.7:1 d) 1.4:1 Answer: a Difficulty: 2

17 61. Human reaction time is usually greater than 0.10 s. If your friend holds a ruler between your fingers and releases it without warning, how far can you expect the ruler to fall before you catch it? a) at least 3.0 cm b) at least 4.9 cm c) at least 6.8 cm d) at least 9.8 cm 62. A bullet shot straight up returns to its starting point in 10 s. What is the initial speed of the bullet? a) 9.8 m/s b) 25 m/s c) 49 m/s d) 98 m/s 63. A ball is thrown straight up with a speed of 36.0 m/s. How long does it take to return to its starting point? a) 3.67 s b) 7.35 s c) 11.0 s d) 14.7 s 64. A ball is tbrown downward from tbe top of a building witb an initial speed of 25 m/s. It strikes the ground after 2.0 s. How high is the building? a) 20 m b) 30 m c) 50 m d) 70 m Answer: d Difficulty: 3

18 65. A ball is thrown straight up with a speed of 30 m/s. What is the maximum height reached by the ball? a) 23 m b) 46 m c) 92 m d) 138 m 66. A ball is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration just before it reaches its highest point? a) zero b) slightly less than g c) exactly g d) slightly greater than g Ball A is dropped from the top of a building. One second later, ball B is dropped from the same building. As time progresses, the distance between them a) increases. b) remains constant. c) decreases. d) cannot be determined from the information given. Answer: a Difficulty: Two objects are thrown from the top of a tall building. One is thrown up. and the other is thrown down, both with the same initial speed. What are their speeds when they hit the street? a. The one thrown up is traveling faster. b. The one thrown down is traveling faster. c. They are traveling at the same speed. d. It is impossible to tell because the height of the building is not given.

19 69. A ball is thrown straight up, reaches a maximum height, then falls to its initial height. As the ball is going up, a. Both its velocity and its acceleration point upward. b. Its velocity points upward and its acceleration points downward. c. Its velocity points downward and its acceleration points upward. d. Both its velocity and acceleration point downward. 70. Ball A is dropped from the top of a building. One second later, ball B is dropped from the same building. As time progresses, the difference in their speeds a. Increases. b. Remains constant. c. Decreases. d. Cannot be determined because from the information given. Answer: b Difficulty: A ball is thrown straight up with an initial speed of 30 m/s. What is its speed after 4.2 s? a. 11 m/s b. 30 m/s c. 42 m/s d. 72 m/s Answer: a Difficulty: A brick I dropped from the top of a building. A second brick is thrown straight down from the same building. They are released at the same time. Neglect air resistance. Compare the accelerations of the two bricks. a. The first brick accelerates faster. b. The second brick accelerates faster. c. The two bricks accelerate at the same rate. d. It is impossible to determine from the information given. 73. The slope of a position verses time graph gives a) position b) velocity c) acceleration d) displacment

20 74. The slope of a velocity versus time graph gives a) position b) velocity c) acceleration d) displacment 75. The area under a curve in an acceleration versus time graph gives a) acceleration b) velocity c) displacement d) position Answer: b Difficulty: The area under a curve in a velocity versus time graph gives a) acceleration b) velocity c) displacement d) none of the above are graph related 88. If the position versus time graph of an object is a horizontal line, the object is a. Moving with constant non-zero speed. b. Moving with constant non-zero acceleration. c. At rest. d. Moving with infinite speed.

21 89. If the position versus time graph of an object is a vertical line, the object is a. Moving with constant non-zero speed. b. Moving with constant non-zero acceleration. c. At rest. d. Moving with infinite speed. Answer: d Difficulty: If the velocity versus time graph of an object is a horizontal line, the object is a. Moving with constant non-zero speed. b. Moving with constant non-zero acceleration. c. At rest. d. Moving with infinite speed. Answer: a Difficulty: If the velocity versus time graph of an object is a straight line making an angle of 30 degrees with the time axis, the object is a. Moving with constant non-zero speed. b. Moving with constant non-zero acceleration. c. At rest. d. Moving with infinite speed.

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