Improvement of condensation modelling for hydrogen risk analysis in a PWR. M. Hassanaly, S. Mimouni
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1 1 Improvement of condensation modelling for hydrogen risk analysis in a PWR M. Hassanaly, S. Mimouni
2 2 Condensation modelling for hydrogen risk assessment in a PWR Overview on the advances realized in NEPTUNE_CFD: Condensation modeling. Validation : COPAIN, PANDA experiments. Outline the major criticism of the validation plan proposed.
3 3 Context
4 4 The NEPTUNE_CFD code General Overview The code deals with compressible, unsteady, turbulent 3D two-phase or multi-phase flow. The numerical approach is based on a finite volume co-located cell-centered approach. Fully-parallelized. Equations of the two-phase flow model (so-called 6 equation model): mass, momentum and energy balance for both liquid and gas are solved T V liq liq T V gas gas heat and mass transfer
5 5 The NEPTUNE_CFD code Only the Drag force is considered. Gas turbulent kinetic energy K g and its dissipation rate e g are calculated by using a two-equations K-e approach 1 Equation which gives the droplet diameter (monodispersed) drag force He stratification interfacial area mass transfer Mass balance equation of the non-condensable gas (Air helium). He stratification Steam condensation at wall
6 Other phenomenon validation for H2 risk assessment : Recombiner model 6 H2-PAR(IRSN) : evaluation of the recombiner model Presentation of the experiment Homogenous approach rh 2 min( X H 2,2 X O2,8) ( A p B) tanh( X H 2 0.5) E2-Bis E19 Molar fraction O Molar fraction N Molar fraction H2O Molar fraction H2 0 0 Temperature ( C) Pressure (Pa)
7 Other phenomenon validation for H2 risk assessment : Aspersion 7 PANDA 30 : non regression test Presentation of the experiment B18 C14 B20 C26 D14 GH14 GH26 L14 L26 A helium rich layer is created in the upper part of the vessel 1, while the remaining volume of v1 and the full volume of v2 is filled with air. A good agreement is obtained between experimental data and calculations.
8 8 Wall Condensation Model Validation : Heat transfer between the gas and the wall ~ h T T vap log w 1 coefficients of heat transfer Heat transfer between the liquid film and the wall ~ h T T liq log w 2 Heat transfer between the droplets and the wall Th n 27 2r 8 Vaporization heat flux w w T w T 2 ( T ). y.( Heat ) n. D( T ). Sh. r 1 latent w number of droplets at the wall by surface unit A g is the sum of the areas of influence of each droplet over the unit surface. n w = is the number of droplets by surface unit formed at nucleation sites by vapor condensation + the number of pre-existing droplets by surface unit. m w sat w v
9 9 Wall Condensation Model Validation : COPAIN experiment (carried out at IPSN) PANDA 17 and 25 experiment (PSI)
10 10 COPAIN (IRSN) : evaluation of the wall condensation model Presentation of the experiment
11 11 COPAIN (IRSN) : evaluation of the wall condensation model Results
12 12 COPAIN (IRSN) : evaluation of the wall condensation model Results
13 13 Wall Condensation Model Validation : COPAIN experiment (carried out at IPSN) PANDA experiment (PSI)
14 14 PANDA 17 : stratification erosion Presentation of the experiment
15 15 PANDA 17 : stratification erosion Mesh cells
16 16 PANDA 17 : stratification erosion Results : comparison between Experiment/Code_Saturne/Neptune_CFD Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
17 17 PANDA 17 : stratification erosion Results Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
18 18 PANDA 17 : stratification erosion Results Comparison between experiment and computations are in good agreement. We can notice that homogeneous approach and two phases flow approach are a little bit different. Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
19 19 PANDA 25 : semi-integral test case Operating Conditions ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
20 20 PANDA 25 : semi-integral test case Preliminary results (work still in progress) ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
21 21 PANDA 25 : semi-integral test case Preliminary results (work still in progress) Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
22 22 PANDA 25 : semi-integral test case Preliminary results (work still in progress) Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
23 23 PANDA 25 : semi-integral test case Preliminary results (work still in progress) Temporal evolution of Helium concentration a different locations ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
24 24 Conclusion H2-PAR and PANDA 30 validations show good agreement between experiments and simulations COPAIN simulations gives a good prediction of evaporation flux at the wall The results obtained on PANDA 17 are corrects at the middle of the tank but can be improved at higher locations. PANDA 25 gives some reasonable results on some variables but we need to do better. Differences between two phases flow and homogeneous approach exist. This is underlined on Panda 17 and Panda 25 test case. We still have to perform lot of tests to accurate our analysis Validation base should grow up to increase our confidence in the model ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
25 References 25 S. Mimouni, J.-S. Lamy, J. Lavieville, S. Guieu, and M. Martin, Modelling of sprays in containment applications with a CMFD code, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 240 (9), 2010, pp S. Mimouni, N. Mechitoua, M Ouraou, CFD Recombiner Modelling and Validation on the H2-Par and Kali-H2 Experiments, Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID , 13 pages, doi: /2011/ S. Mimouni, N. Mechitoua, A. Foissac, M Ouraou, CFD Modeling of Wall Steam Condensation: Two-Phase Flow Approach versus Homogeneous Flow Approach, Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID , 10 pages. S. Mimouni, A. Foissac, J. Lavieville, CFD modelling of wall steam condensation by a two-phase flow approach, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Volume 241, Issue 11, November 2011, Pages S. Mimouni, A. Foissac, J. Malet, A. Schumm, J. Laviéville, «Improvement of spray modelling for hydrogen risk analysis in a PWR, ERMSAR 2012 A. Foissac, J. Malet, R.M. Vetrano, J.M. Buchlin, S. Mimouni, F. Feuillebois and O. Simonin, Experimental measurements of droplet size and velocity distributions at the outlet of a pressurized water reactor containment swirling spray nozzle, Proceedings of XCFD4NRS-3, Washington D.C., USA, 2010 Atomization and Sprays, 2011, accepted. A. Foissac, J. Malet, S. Mimouni and F. Feuillebois, Binary water droplet collision study in presence of solid aerosols in air, Proceedings of the 7th ICMF, Tampa, USA, A. Foissac, J. Malet, S. Mimouni, P. Ruyer, F. Feuillebois and O. Simonin, Eulerian simulation of interacting PWR sprays : influence of droplet collisions, NURETH-14, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, September 25-30, 2011 J. Malet, L. Blumenfeld, S. Arndt, M. Babic, A. Bentaib, F. Dabbene, P. Kostka, S. Mimouni, M. Movahed, S. Paci, Z. Parduba, J. Travis, E. Urbonaviciusk Sprays in containment: Final results of the SARNET spray benchmark, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Volume 241, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages J. Malet, T. Gelain,. Mimouni, G. Manzini, S. Arndt, W. Klein-Hessling, Z. Xu, M. Povilaitis, L. Kubisova, Z. Parduba, S. Paci, N.B. Siccama, M.H. Stempniewicz, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MODELLING OF SINGLE DROPLET FOR CONTAINMENT APPLICATIONS SARNET-2 BENCHMARK, ERMSAR ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
26 Droplets condensation/evaporation 26 T liq T gas diffusion coefficient d : droplet 6 d c g : gas mass _ transfer : Sh.D(Tm ). sat (Td ) g yv g 2 V liq V gas dd 6 Vapor mass fraction heat _ transfer : ' g 2d Nu.g (Tm ). Td Tg dd thermal conductivity Vapor density at saturation state at Tdroplet Vapor density at Tgas ' '2 1c 1 H 2 H1 Sh 2 0,56 Re1/ 2 Sc1/ 3 1/ 2 1/ 3 Nu 2 0,56 Re Pr Computation of Sh and Nu numbers : relations of Frössling / RanzMarshall Tabulated laws : D(Tm), ρsat(t2), λ1(tm) ERMSAR 2012, Cologne, Germany, March , 2012 ERMSAR 2013, Avignon, October, 2013
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