Exercise 2: The DC Ohmmeter

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1 Exercise 2: The DC Ohmmeter EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be able to measure resistance by using a basic meter movement. You will verify ohmmeter operation by measuring known resistor values. DISCUSSION power from the circuit. This basic ohmmeter circuit consists of a 10V battery, meter movement, calibration resistor (R CAL ), and a scale resistor (R SCALE ). The circuit is closed when the two leads are shorted together or when the meter is connected to the unknown resistance (R X ). R CAL voltage. 278 FACET by Lab-Volt

2 Direct Current Meters The scale of an ohmmeter is opposite to the scales of the ammeter and the voltmeter in that the ohmmeter has zero ohms at the right and high resistance at the left. The nonlinear scale results from the Ohm s law inverse proportional relationship between current and resistance (with voltage held constant). NOTE: I T = 10V/(R X + R CAL + R SCALE + R M ) a. b. c. resistor used in the last question (or for any resistance in general). FACET by Lab-Volt 279

3 PROCEDURE OHMS scale is above the meter current scale. If necessary, clear the DC FUNDAMENTALS circuit board of all two-post connectors and any other connections. NOTE: Do not energize the OHMS circuit of the VOLTMETER/AMMETER/OHMMETER circuit block at this time. Adjust the positive variable supply to 10 Vdc at the VOLTMETER/AMMETER/OHMMETER circuit block. Be precise. Connect the dc milliammeter module into the circuit. Set R8 for maximum (CCW) resistance. NOTE: Connect the meter into the circuit with the positive lead at the top of the ma symbol and the negative lead at the test point. Why is the ohmmeter (meter movement) not reading zero ohms? a. b. (zero adjust connection). c. All of the above. Adjust R8 for a full-scale meter indication. You are calibrating your circuit to generate 1 ma of current through the meter. NOTE: If you cannot adjust your circuit, ensure that the circuit source voltage is 10 Vdc. Check your meter connection. It should be in the shorted position of your circuit. If you cannot correct your problem, ask your instructor for help. 280 FACET by Lab-Volt

4 Direct Current Meters Move the negative lead of the dc milliammeter module to the test point at the bottom of R6. The meter should indicate about a half-scale reading. NOTE: Do not offset R8 or make any changes in circuit source voltage. Based on your meter indication, the resistance of R6 is about HINT: R M + R8 + R5 = 10 k, and R T (with R6 in the circuit) = 20 k a k. b. 10 k. c. 1 k. Move the negative lead of your meter to the test point at the bottom of R7. NOTE: Do not offset R8 or make any changes in circuit source voltage. Based on your meter indication, the resistance of R7 is about a k. b. 10 k. c. 1 k. Remove all circuit board connections. CONCLUSION unknown resistance. Analog ohmmeters provide a zero adjust pot to set zero ohms and to allow for a decrease in ohmmeter battery voltage overtime. REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. An ohms adjust rheostat is usually a part of the internal resistance of an ohmmeter to compensate for a. large variations in meter movement resistance. b. ohms scale errors during manufacture. c. variations in ohmmeter supply voltage. d. current variations when small values of resistors are measured. 2. a. maximum b. minimum c. halfway between minimum and maximum d. None of the above. 3. The total internal resistance of an ohmmeter having a 1.5V internal battery and using a 0 1 ma meter movement would be a b c d FACET by Lab-Volt 281

5 4. If you used the ohmmeter from question 3 and an unknown resistor caused the pointer to go to halfscale, the value of the unknown resistor would be a b c d When using an ohmmeter, you should disconnect the applied voltage from the circuit being checked because a. the voltage source will increase the resistance. b. the current will decrease the resistance. c. the ohmmeter has its own internal battery. d. no current is needed for the meter movement. 282 FACET by Lab-Volt

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