PROPERTIES OF MATTER Review Stations

Transcription

1 PROPERTIES OF MATTER Review Stations

2 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 1 Where did the water droplets on the outside of this cup come from? Answer: The droplets came from the air surrounding the cup. What phase change is this? Answer: Condensation

3 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 2 Make a copy of this graph on your paper. Label the phases of matter on the graph. When is it solid? When is it liquid? When is it gas?

4 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 3 What happens to the temperature when a liquid turns to a gas? Answer: Temperature stays the SAME (energy increases) Liquid to gas

5 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 4 What happens to the kinetic energy of the water as time increases on the graph? Answer: Kinetic Energy increases Does the kinetic energy increase? YES Does the kinetic energy decrease? NO Does the kinetic energy stay the same? NO

6 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 5 The six phase changes are listed below. List the three phase changes that absorb or require energy. (Goes from low kinetic energy to higher kinetic energy). Melting - solid to liquid; low energy to medium energy Vaporization - liquid to gas; medium energy to high energy Sublimation - solid to gas; low energy to high energy

7 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 6 List the three phase changes that release energy. (Goes from high kinetic energy to lower kinetic energy). Freezing - liquid to solid; medium energy to low energy Condensation - gas to liquid; high energy to medium energy Deposition gas to solid; high energy to low energy

8 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 7 The definition of matter says that matter needs to have two things? What are these things? Matter is anything that has _MASS and VOLUME.

9 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 8 Salt, woodchips, and magnetic BBs have been mixed together. List the steps that you would take to completely separate the items. ANSWER 1. Use a magnet to remove the BBs since they are magnetic. 2. Add water to the mixture. Wood will float because it is less dense. The salt is soluble so it will dissolve. Scoop the wood out of the cup. 3. Let the water evaporate (or boil it) off and all that will be left is salt!

10 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 9 You ride your bike to your friend s house for dinner. Before you left, you pumped up the tires to make sure they had enough air. While you were at your friend s house the temperature dropped and it started to snow. When you decided to ride your bike home you saw that the tires were flat. You brought the bike into the garage and saw there were no holes in the tires. *Use your knowledge of the Kinetic Theory of Matter to explain why the bike tires went flat. Include the words: kinetic energy, temperature, speed of molecules, and volume. ANSWER: The Kinetic Molecular Theory states the tires are filled with gas molecules that move. As the temperature decreases outside, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules decreases. This causes the speed of the molecules inside the tire to slow down. As the molecules speed decreases, they push on the inside of the tire less and this causes the volume in the inside of the tire to decrease, making it feel flat.

11 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 10 Karla filled her ice cube tray with 20 grams of coffee. According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what will happen to the mass of the coffee when it freezes and becomes solid iced coffee cubes? ANSWER: According to the Law of Conservation of Mass the mass will stay the same because mass is neither created nor destroyed it is just transformed.

12 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 11 The candle had a starting mass of 50 grams. The candle burned for 2 hours and was then put out. The mass was then 30 grams. Where did the other 20 grams go? ANSWER: The mass was not destroyed or created, but it was changed into smoke, ash, and melted wax. So there were 30 grams left and 20 grams were changed into smoke, ash, and melted wax.

13 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 12 Below is a mixed list of physical and chemical changes. Sort the changes to make one list of physical changes and one list of chemical changes. Physical Changes cutting wood boiling water breaking glass melting chocolate dissolving sugar in water Chemical changes toasting marshmallows rusting a nail lighting a match rotting an egg burning paper mixing baking soda and vinegar

14 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 13 Complete the Venn Diagram using the list of signs of physical and chemical changes. There should be two sentences in each circle. A phase change occurs. The substance melted Physical Change Physical or Chemical Change The mass decreased. The substance was separated into two parts. Chemical Change A change in ph occurs. Something new is formed.

15 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 14 Below is a mixed list of physical and chemical properties. Sort the changes to make one list of physical properties and one list of chemical properties. List of physical and chemical properties. mass volume flammability reactivity density acidity magnetism solubility color Physical Chemical mass volume flammability density color acidity magnetism solubility reactivity

16 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION a. Order the phases of matter from most kinetic energy to least kinetic energy. GAS LIQUID SOLID 15 b. Order the phases of matter from the molecules being the farthest apart to the molecules being the closest together. GAS LIQUID SOLID 15.c Draw the molecules in each phase of matter and label the phases of matter. LIQUID GAS SOLID

17 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 16 Property Substance A Substance B Substance C Substance D State Solid Solid Solid Solid Magnetic Yes No No No Soluble in Water No No Yes No Color Black White White Brown Which substance is iron? Substance A Which substance is sugar? Substance C Which substance is sand? Substance D Which substance is cotton? Substance B

18 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 17 A substance has a mass of 20.0 g and a volume of 5.0 ml. 17a. What is the density? D=m/v ANSWER: D = 20.0g divided by 5.0 ml = 4 g/ml 17b. Would this substance float or sink in water? (The density of water is 1.0 g/ml.) ANSWER: This substance would sink because it has a greater density than 1 g/ml.

19 PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATION 18 Substance Honey Dawn Dish Soap Lamp Oil Karo Syrup Density 1.36 g/ml 1.03 g/ml 0.80 g/ml 1.33 g/ml A B C D Use the density column and the data table to match the letters in the density column (A, B, C, D) to the correct substances listed in the data table. A is LAMP OIL B is DAWN DISH SOAP C is KARO SYRUP D is HONEY