Chapter 9. Chapter 9 Opener. Big Ideas Math Blue Worked-Out Solutions. Try It Yourself (p. 349) So, =

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1 Chapter Chapter Opener Try It Yourself (p. ) So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So, So,..... So, So, So,....

2 Chapter Section.. Activity (pp. ). a. Power b. The expression n means raised to the nth n power. To find the value of ( ), multiply factor n times. Repeated Multiplication Form as a. a. The large cube is made up of small cubes. Because each small cube contains $, the total amount of money in the large cube is. b. There is $ in the large cube. Value ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). a.,,,,,,,, The diameter of the observable universe is,,,,,,,, meters. b.,,,,,,, The diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy is,,,,,,, meters. c.,,,,, The diameter of the solar system is,,,,,, or one quadrillion, meters. d.,, The diameter of Earth is,,, or ten million, meters. e.,, The length of the Lake Erie shoreline is,,, or one million, meters. f., The width of Lake Erie is,, or one hundred thousand, meters.. Wives: Sacks: Cats: Kits:. You can use exponents to write the product of repeated factors. Sample answer: The formula for the volume of a cube, V s, is an example of how exponents are used in real life. Exponents are also used in measuring astronomical distances.. On Your Own (pp. ). Because is used as a factor times, its exponent is. So, x x Because. is used as a factor times, its exponent is. Because x is used as a factor times, its exponent is So, x x x Inner sphere: V πr π π. (.) (.) The volume of the inflated space is about.., or. cubic meters.

3 Chapter. Exercises (pp. ) Vocabulary and Concept Check. The exponent of a power indicates the number of times the base is used as a factor. A power is the entire expression (base and exponent).the two words cannot be used interchangeably.. The second one does not belong because it is an incorrect statement about the expression. The power is the entire expression. Practice and Problem Solving. Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So,.. ( ) ( ). Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( ) ( ) ( ). Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So,.. Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So,.. π π π x x x x Because π is used as a factor times, the exponent is. Because x is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, π π π x x x x π x.. ( ) ( ) ( ) y y Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. Because y is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, y y y.. b b b Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. Because b is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, b b b b.. ( t) ( t) ( t) ( t) ( t) Because t is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( t) ( t) ( t) ( t) ( t) ( t) The power represents three factors of, or. So,... The prime factorization of is, or. Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So,.. The largest doll is inches and the other are the height of the next larger doll. Use as a factor times. So, an expression for the height of the smallest doll is.. The height of the smallest doll is. inches ( ) + +

4 Chapter. ( ) ( ). ( ) ( ) h h h h h h h h h You should choose your boss paying you h because if you work more than hour, you will get paid more than the other option. C.... a. t After years, the amount of carbon- remaining is about. grams. b. percent remaining amount remaining original amount..% After years,.% of the carbon- remains.. a. To travel from A- to A, it takes notes. F.. b. n The frequency of A is about vibrations per second. c. Sample answer: For a -note increase, the frequency approximately doubles. Fair Game Review. The statement x x represents the Commutative Property of Multiplication.. The statement ( ) x ( x) represents the Associative Property of Multiplication. x represents the Identity Property of Multiplication.. The statement ( x ). B; Surface area πr + πr π π + π π π π π π π π The slant height is inches. Section.. Activity (pp. ). a. Product Repeated Multiplication Form Power ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ).. ( ) ( ) ( (. ( )

5 Chapter b. To find the product of two powers with the same base, add their exponents. m n m n a a a + + c. + ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + + Using the rule to simplify the products results in the values in the third column of the table in part (a).. ( ),.,. ( ),,. a. For x y, : There are pennies in the stack. x y b. x+ y x+ y The stacks that have pennies are the locations in which the sum x + y equals. x y x + y d. From part (c), the tallest stack has, pennies. So, the height of the tallest stack is,.. inches.. To multiply two powers that have the same base, add their exponents. Sample answer: + +. On Your Own (pp. ) z z z z y y y y y y y π π π π π π ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). y y y y y y y y.. ( ) ( y y y y).n.n.n + +. n. n.n (..) ( n n) ab ab ab ab ab ab a b ab ( a a a a a) ( b b b b b) The locations (, ), (, ), (, ), and (, ) have pennies in their stacks. c. The tallest stack is located at (, ). x y, The value of a penny is $.. So, there is $., $. in the tallest stack.

6 Chapter. Total number Number of bytes Number of of bytes in a gigabyte gigabytes + The computer has. Exercises (pp. ) bytes of free storage space. Vocabulary and Concept Check. Use the Product of Powers Property to multiply powers with the same base.. no; You can only use the Product of Powers Property to multiply powers with the same base. Practice and Problem Solving ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a a a a +. h h h h (.) (.) (.) (.) b b b b b b To raise a power to a power, first write the expression as repeated multiplication. Then you add the exponents.. r r r r r r r g g g g g g g ( ) ( g g g). ( v) ( v) ( v) ( v) ( v) ( v) (( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ( v v v v v) ( ) v ( ) v. v k k k + + k k k.. ( k k).m.m.m.m.m m. m.m (....) ( m m m m) rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt ( r r r r r r r r r r r r) ( t t t t t t t t t t t t) r t r t To multiply two powers, you do not multiply the bases. +

7 Chapter. p p p p p p p ( p p p). No. They are not equal., but + +. V s w. a. An expression for the volume of the case is ( w ). b. w w w w w w.. ( ) ( w w w) + + x x x x x x x x +. ( ) +, ( x x x x).. a. highest altitude lowest altitude + The highest altitude of an altocumulus cloud is about feet. V πabc π π π, or. b. ( ) The volume of the egg is π or about. cubic inches. a b c V πabc π + π π π π, or. The volume of the egg is π or about. cubic inches. Because π π, the volume is times greater than the volume is part (a).. Because the dimensions increase by %, or., the dimensions of the base increase by a factor of % of, or.. V b h.. bh ( b) ( h) ( b )( h) bh., or.

8 Chapter. Total pieces Amount delivered Number of of mail each second seconds ( ) ( ) + + The United States Postal Service delivers pieces of mail in days. x. a. x + x b. Because +, x. x x + x Because +, x. Fair Game Review.... n. B; ( n ) Each angle measures. Section.. Activity (pp. ). a. Quotient Repeated Multiplication Form Power... ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). ( ) b. To find the quotient of two powers with the same base, subtract their exponents. a a m n a mn

9 Chapter. c..... Using the rule to simplify the quotients results in the values in the third column of the table in part (a). The volume of the smaller cube equals the number of smaller cubes that will fit inside the larger cube.. To divide two powers that have the same base, subtract their exponents. Sample answer:. On Your Own (pp. ). a. b. c. d. Volume of Small Cube Volume of Large Cube ( ) ( ) ( ) Larger Volume Smaller Volume Answer ( )..... x x x x + d d d d d d d d d d + People per Population in square kilometer Land area.... There will be about people per square kilometer in Alabama in.. Exercises (pp. ) Vocabulary and Concept Check. To divide powers with the same base, subtract their exponents.. The third quotient does not belong because it is a quotient of powers with different bases, whereas the other three are quotients of powers with the same bases. Practice and Problem Solving. ( ).... ( ) (. ). (.) (.) (.)

10 Chapter (. ). (.) (.) (.). c d c d c c c d. π π π π. b b b b c d cd. n n n n. x y x y x y x y xy x y. When dividing powers, you do not divide exponents; you subtract them ( ). ( ) ( ) ( ).... (.) (.) (.) (.) ( +.) (.) π π π π π + π π π π c c c c c + c c c c k k k k k k k k k k + The sound of a jet at take off is times more intense than the sound of a normal conversation. x x x x x w w w w a b b a b b a b a b ab. m n m n mn m n m n m n. a. MP Player D has times more memory than MP Player B. b. y Because the points on the graph are not linear, the difference between consecutive players does not reflect a constant rate of change.. a. Sample answer: To satisfy the equation, the difference m nmust equal. When m and n, the difference m n is. b. There are infinitely many pairs of numbers that satisfy the equation. Any pair of numbers whose difference is will satisfy the equation.. Price Number of galaxies x There are about Memory (GB) Number of stars in the Universe Number of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy + galaxies in the Universe.

11 Chapter. x x+ x ( x+ ) xx x For the equation to be true, the value of x must equal. x + + x So, x. Fair Game Review. + ( ). ( ) +. ( ) +. + ( ). B; x + x x x.. +. a a a a a a c c c c c c c c ( ) ( c c c c) p p p + + p p p ( p p) Study Help (p. ) Available at BigIdeasMath.com. Quiz.. (p. ). ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ).. Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So,.. ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) Because x is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x) ( x).. m m m Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. Because m is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, m m m m π π π π π + π π π π t t t t t t t t t t + n n, The first four terms of the sequence are,,, and.

12 Chapter. no;. ab ab ab + + a b ab ( a a) ( b b) Because ab a b, ab is not equivalent to ab. An earthquake of magnitude. is times stronger than an earthquake of magnitude.. Section.. Activity (pp. ). a. The exponents of the terms decrease by. Because, the fourth exponent is. From the expanded notation, the last term of the sum must equal. Because, must equal. b. n n n n As n decreases by, the value of n is half the previous value. Because of is,. The value of the expression is the previous value. Because of is,.. a. The volume of the cylinder is π r and the volume of the cone is. πr The ratio is the volume of the cylinder to the volume of the cone. π r πr πr πr π r π r The volume of the cylinder is times the volume of the cone. b. The volume of the sphere is πr and the volume of the cone is. πr The ratio is the volume of the sphere to the volume of the cone. πr πr πr π r π r π r The volume of the sphere is twice the volume of the cone. c. The volume of the cylinder is π r and the volume of the sphere is. πr The ratio is the volume of the cylinder to the volume of the sphere. πr πr πr π r πr π r or The volume of the cylinder is or the volume of the sphere.. Method uses repeated multiplication and dividing out common terms to simplify the expression. Method uses the Quotient of Powers Property to simplify the expression. You can rewrite a power with a negative exponent by writing over the power with a positive exponent.. A number with a exponent is equal to. A power with a negative exponent is the fraction divided by the power with a positive exponent. Sample answer:,,. On Your Own (pp. ).. ( ) +. ( ). ( ) ( ) ( )

13 Chapter... x b x b b b.. z z z z z.. So,. liters of water leak from the faucet in hour.. Exercises (pp. ) Vocabulary and Concept Check. No. For any nonzero number a, the value of a.. Rewrite as, or.. The numbers, in order from least to greatest, are,, and.. The one in the bottom right column is different because it asks you to write ( ) ( ) as a power, whereas the other three ask you to write to the negative third power. ; Practice and Problem Solving.. As n decreases by, the value of the expression is the previous value.. Because of is,.. Rewrite as divided by,or..... ( ) n n (.) (.) (.) (.) The power was not rewritten with a positive exponent.

14 Chapter grams gram of sand. kilograms kilogram gram There are about, or,,, grains of sand.. For any nonzero number a, a. So, and.. y. y a a a c. b c c. ( b ) b c b. x x x x d d d d + d d... n m n n m m k w w w w w decimeter m. millimeter m There are millimeters in a decimeter... centimeter m, micrometer m There are, micrometers in a centimeter. millimeter m,, nanometer m There are,, nanometers in a millimeter. x.. a. meter m micrometer m ( ),, There are,, micrometers in a meter. micrometer,,,,,,,., or The length of the virus is meter. b. nanometer meter meter meter,,,. meter The answer to part (a) is equal to one nanometer.. a. mm The donation is cubic millimeters. +,,,,, There are five billion white blood cells in the donation. +,,,,,,, b. There are two trillion five hundred billion red blood cells in the donation. c. The ratio of red blood cells to white blood cells is,,,,.,,,

15 Chapter. Sample answer:. If you substitute for a, you get. Zero raised to any n power is. Because division by is undefined, the rule for negative exponents does not apply when a. Fair Game Review,,, ,. D; A box-and-whisker plot shows the least value, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the greatest value of a data set. So, a box-and-whisker plot best shows the variability of a data set. Section.. Activity (pp. ).,,,,,,,,,,,, is a factor of,,,,,, and E+ represents how many places the decimal point is from the number in standard form. The calculator did not show the answer in standard form because the calculator screen is not large enough to display the number..... The. is a factor of. and E represents how many places the decimal point is from the number in standard form.. a..,,, About,, dust mites can live in square yards of carpet.., b.. A dust mite is about. inch long. c. Sample answer: Suppose there are students in the classroom, plus teacher..,,,,,,,,,, There are about,,,,, bacteria living in the humans in the classroom. d. Sample answer: Suppose your finger is inches long...,. The bacterium is about. inch long.., So, about, bacteria could lie end-to-end on your finger.. e...,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,., or.% Earth s mass is bout.% gold. atom gram. gram. ounce...,,,,,,, f. There are,,,,,,, atoms of gold per ounce.

16 Chapter. Sample answer: Numbers that are written in scientific notation are represented by the product of a factor that is at least and less than and a power of. This type of notation is called scientific notation because it is used in scientific fields of study. Scientific notation is important because you can use the notation to easily write very large or very small numbers.. On Your Own (p. ). The factor is greater than. So, the number is not written in scientific notation..,, The number in standard form is,,.... The number in standard form is...., The number in standard form is,.. Water:. Lead:., Lead is more dense than water, so it will sink..... The fleas consume about. liter, or. milliliters, of blood per day.. Exercises (pp. ) Vocabulary and Concept Check. Scientific notation uses a factor of at least one but less than multiplied by a power of. A number in standard form is written out with all the zeros and place values included.. The last expression does not belong because it is not written in scientific notation (the factor is greater than ), whereas the other three expressions are written in scientific notation. Practice and Problem Solving.... micrometers is. meter....,,,,. There are about,, square centimeters in acres , There are about, cubic millimeters in. cubic inches.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number. is written in scientific notation.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number. is written in scientific notation.. The factor is less than. So, the number. is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is greater than. So, the number. is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is greater than. So, the number is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number is written in scientific notation.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number. is written in scientific notation.. The factor is less than. So, the number. is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number. is written in scientific notation..,, The number in standard form is,,... The number in standard form is..

17 Chapter. The number in standard form is.... The number in standard form is..... The number in standard form is.... The number in standard form is...,,, The number in standard form is,,,.... The number in standard form is....,, The number in standard form is,,.. Because the exponent is negative, the decimal point should be moved to the left, not to the right... The number in standard form is... a..,,,, There are,, platelets in milliliters of blood. ml b. L ml L.,,,,,, There are about,,,, platelets in an adult body.. a. Betelgeuse:. Bellatrix:.,, Sun:.,, Aldebaran:. Rigel:.,, Bellatrix has the highest surface temperature with, F. b. Betelgeuse has the lowest surface temperature with F...% of..... The area of the Florida Reef Tract is. square kilometers.. (. ) (. ) (. ),,,,,,,, square gigameter,,,, square kilometers,,,,,,,, There are,,,, or square kilometers in square gigameters. cubic kilometers of fresh water. percent fresh water total cubic kilometers of water x.... x.,,, x,, x There are about,, cubic kilometers of fresh water on Earth.. To write the number. in standard form, move the decimal point places to the right. So, there are zeros in a googol.

18 Chapter. a. Air: Glass: Ice:. mi h. km mi.. km sec,,. km sec,,, km sec, km sec. ft mi sec ft.. km sec,,. km sec,,, km sec, km sec. km Vacuum: Water: sec h sec. km mi, km sec. m km sec m sec,, km sec, km sec. km. cm m sec cm. km sec,,, km, sec, km sec km m Light travels the fastest through a vacuum. b. Light travels the slowest through glass. Fair Game Review B; a + b c + c + c c c c The length of the hypotenuse is Section.. Activity (pp. ). a.. inches. The ph of lime juice is, and so it is an acid. b.. The ph of an egg is, and so it is a base. c.. The ph of distilled water is, and so it is neutral.. d. The ph of ammonia water is, and so it is a base. e.. The ph of tomato juice is, and so it is an acid. f. The ph of hydrochloric acid is, and so it is an acid.. a. The distance is the second greatest distance, so the description matches Uranus.,,, mi. mi,,, mi ft mi,,,, ft. ft,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Uranus to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Uranus is. kilograms..

19 Chapter b. The distance is the seventh greatest distance, so the description matches Venus.,, mi. mi,, mi ft mi,,, ft. ft,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Venus to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Venus is. kilometers. c. The distance is the third greatest, so the description matches Saturn.,, mi. mi,, mi ft mi,,,, ft. ft,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Saturn to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Saturn is. kilograms. d. The distance is the sixth greatest, so the description matches Earth.,, mi. mi ft,, mi,,, ft mi. ft,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Earth to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Earth is. kilograms. e. The distance is the fifth greatest, so the description matches Mars.,, mi. mi,, mi ft mi,,, ft. ft,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Mars to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Mars is. kilograms. f. The distance is the greatest, so the description matches Neptune.,,, mi. mi ft,,, mi,,,, ft mi. ft,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Neptune to the Sun is. miles, or. ft. The mass of Neptune is. kilograms. g. The distance is the fourth greatest, so the description matches Jupiter.,, mi. mi,, mi ft mi,,,, ft. ft,,,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Jupiter to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Jupiter is. kg. h. The distance is the smallest, so the description matches Mercury.,, mi. mi,, mi ft mi,,, ft. ft,,,,,,, kg. kg The distance from Mercury to the Sun is. miles, or. feet. The mass of Mercury is. kilograms.. Sample answer: Let inch represent,, miles. Then the distances from the Sun will be: Mercury:. inches, Venus:. inches, Earth:. inches, Mars:. inches, Jupiter:. inches, Saturn:. inches, Uranus: inches, and Neptune: inches. Check scale drawings. Students should include a key for their scale.. Sample answer: Move the decimal point left or right so the number is at least but less than. Then multiply by raised to the number of times you moved the decimal. If you moved the decimal point to the left, the exponent will be positive. If you moved the decimal point to the right, the exponent should be negative.

20 Chapter. On Your Own (pp. )., The number in scientific notation is..,,. The number in scientific notation is.... The number in scientific notation is.... The number in scientific notation is.... The number in scientific notation is The number in scientific notation is.. Remaining sales Sales required Current sales needed for award for award total,,,,,. The album must sell. more copies to receive the award..... (. ) ( ) + ( ) ( ).... (.) ( ).... Exercises (pp. ) ( ) ( ) Vocabulary and Concept Check. A number written in scientific notation will have a positive exponent if the decimal point of the number in standard form is moved to the left. A number written in scientific notation will have a negative exponent if the decimal point of the number in standard form is moved to the right.. To write a number in scientific notation, move the decimal point to the right of the first nonzero digit. Count the number of places you moved the decimal point. This number is the exponent of the power of. Use a positive exponent if you moved the decimal point to the left and a negative exponent if you moved the decimal point to the right. Practice and Problem Solving... The number in scientific notation is....,. The number in scientific notation is...,,. The number in scientific notation is..... The number in scientific notation is..

21 Chapter.. The number in scientific notation is..,,. The number in scientific notation is..,,,.. The number in scientific notation is..... The number in scientific notation is...,. The number in scientific notation is... The decimal point was moved to the right. So, the exponent should be negative.... The factor is greater than. The decimal point needs to be moved one more unit to the left.,,... ( ) ( ) +. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (.) ( ) (. ) ( ).... (). The diameter of a human hair is. meter..,,. The circumference of Earth is about. meters..,,.. During high flow,. gallons of water go over Niagara Falls per minute. A w (. ) (. ).. (..) ( ) The area is. square centimeters.

22 Chapter.. A b h (. ) (. ).. (..) ( ) The area is square foot. Power Force Velocity (. ) (. ).. (..) ( ).. + The power of the space shuttle during launch is. Newton-meters per second.. Sample answer: million,, million,,. million +. Answer should include, but is not limited to: Students will use the Internet or another reference source to find the populations, rounded to the nearest million, for India, China, Argentina, and the United States. Students will write the populations in scientific notation. They will then find the population density for each country. They will use the population and population density to find the area of each country. Students calculations should be accurate and neatly written. Students should provide the source they used to find the information.. Diameter Number Length Number + of ridges of ridge of valleys Length Diameter of + of valley center of disk,. +, ( ) The diameter of the DVD is about centimeters. (,,)(.). a. (.)(,) b. (. )( ). (. ) ( ).. (. ).. (. )( ),, (. ) ( ) Fair Game Review. a p w. So, % of is.

23 Chapter. a p w. w w So, % of is.. A; The domain is the set of inputs, or x-values. So, the domain is,,,,. Quiz.. (p. ) d. d x x x x. The factor is greater than. So, the number is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is less than. So, the number. is not written in scientific notation..,, The number in standard form is,,.... The number in standard form is..... The number in scientific notation is...,,. The number in scientific notation is... x ( ) ( ) (.) ( )... a. Mercury:. km Venus:. km Earth:. km Mars:. km Jupiter:., km Saturn:., km Uranus:., km Neptune:., km The planet that has the second smallest equatorial radius is Mars. b. The planet that has the second greatest equatorial radius is Saturn..... a. (.) ( ) + The Oort Cloud is kilometers from the Sun. b. The length of the dinoflagellate is meter. mm m mm m. m So, the length of the dinoflagellate is millimeter. Chapter Review (pp. ). ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ).. n n Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. Because n is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, n n n...

24 Chapter. ( ) ( ) p p p p +. n n n n n.. + y y y y y y y ( ) ( y y y). ( k) ( k) ( k) ( k) ( k) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( k k k k) ( ) k ( ) k.... k + w w w w w w w w w w + + c ( c c c ). c c ( ) ( c c c) c c c c c c c The factor is less than. So, the number. is not written in scientific notation.. The factor is at least and less than. The power of has an integer exponent. So, the number. is written in scientific notation.. The factor is greater than. So, the number is not written in scientific notation..,, The number in standard form is,,.... The number in standard form is...., The number in standard form is,..... The number in scientific notation is.., The number in scientific notation is..,,. The number in scientific notation is... m m m m m m m m m m +

25 Chapter.. ( ) ( ) +.. Chapter Test (p. ). ( ) ( ) ( ). (. ) ( )... Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). Because is used as a factor times, the exponent is. So, (. ). (.) (.) (.) +...,, ( ) The number in standard form is,,... ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ).. The volume is about cubic centimeters.. V πr. no; ( xy ) ( xy )( xy )( xy ) x y x y x y xy xy xy xy x y x y x y., or There are about grains of rice in one scoop.., There are about taste buds on a human tongue. new amount original amount. percent decrease original amount Let x represent the new amount of lead allowed in the air. x..... x.. x.. x. x., or. The new amount of lead allowed in the air is. gram per cubic meter.... The number in standard form is..

26 Chapter Chapter Standardized Test Practice (pp. ). C;.,, Mercury s distance to the Sun is approximately,, kilometers.. I; Jim stopped when he found the value of x. However, the question asks for the angle measure of the largest angle. So, Jim should evaluate the largest angle when x.. D; + sum of four scores. ; mean number of scores x x + x x Your score on the fourth round was.. G; You can translate the phrase never been above to mean less than or equal to. So, an inequality that represents the situation is t.. C; Let n be the number of decades since. n Balance in Beginning balance, There will be $, in the account in.. F; + ( + ). Sample answer: Part A: GDP per person GDP Population,,,,,,, The GDP per person is GDP divided by the population. So, the GDP per person for the United States is $, per person. Part B: Population:,, GDP:,,,,. The population is and the GDP is. dollars. Part C: GDP GDP per person Population H; Words: Variable: Hourly rate The GDP per person is the GDP divided by the population. So, the GDP per person for the United States is. dollars per person. rise. A; slope run The line crosses the y-axis at (, ). So, the y-intercept is. Because the slope is and the y-intercept is, the equation of the line is y x +.. I; x x. The solution is x.. So, the graph of the solution should point to the left with a solid dot at x....; (.) (.) (.) (.).., or. B; A circle graph is best suited for showing the data because circle graphs represent data as parts of a whole. So, a circle graph will clearly show the majority of the money used for research. times number of hours is more than Let h be the number of hours. $. Inequality:. h > An inequality that represents the situation is.h >.