Final Exam. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

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1 Class: Date: Final Exam Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Two blocks are fastened to the ceiling of an elevator as in this figure. The elevator accelerates upward at an acceleration of 2.0 m/s 2. What is the tension in the upper rope? a. 240 N c. 50 N b. 150 N d. 200 N 2. A block with mass 2.0 kg sits on the floor. A force of 10 N is required to move the block. What is the coefficient of static friction? a. 0.2 c. 0.1 b. 0.5 d

2 3. Two bodies have masses kg and kg. They are separated by a distance of 10 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force acting on more massive object? (G= Nm 2 /kg 2 ) a. 5 N c. 500 N b. 10,000 N d. 20,000 N 4. The normal force on an object is always: a. opposite the direction of the object s d. abnormally large motion b. equal to the gravitational force e. perpendicular to the surface on which the object sits c. in the upward direction 5. In this figure, the block has a mass of 10 kg and sits on an incline plane with an angle θ=15. The block is stationary. What is the minimum coefficient of static friction? a. 0.4 c. 0.3 b. 0.6 d A force of 10 N at an angle of 60 is applied to a wooden block. This force causes the block to move 2 meters. What is the work done by the force a. 9 J c. 10 J b. -10 J d. 5 J 2

3 7. In this figure, the bead has a mass of 1 kg and is at rest at point A. It goes down the slope. What is its velocity at point C? 8. a m/s c m/s b m/s d m/s In this figure, the spring has a spring constant of 2250 N/m. The hand compresses the block-spring system by x= meters. What is the force, F ä, exerted on the block by the spring? a. -45 N c. 45 N b N d. 450 N 3

4 9. In this figure, the spring has a spring constant of 2250 N/m. The hand compresses the block-spring system by x= meters. What is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring? a. -45 J c. 450 J b J d. 45 J 10. How does the work required to stretch a spring 9 cm compare with the work required to stretch it 3 cm? a. three times the work c. four times the work b. same amount of work d. nine times the work 11. When you pay the electric company for so many kilowatt-hours, what exactly are you paying for? a. voltage d. current b. power e. time c. none of these 12. A football of mass 0.2 kg is thrown at a velocity of 10 m/s. A receiver catches the ball and brings it to rest in 0.01 seconds. What is the magnitude of the force imparted on the receiver? a N c. 20 N b. 2 N d. 200 N 13. A man of mass 99 kg holds a gun of 1 kg; the man and gun are initially at rest. The man fires the gun, and a bullet of mass 10 grams emerges from the gun with a velocity of 400 m/s. What is the speed of the man and gun after firing (i.e. the recoil speed)? a. 330 m/s c m/s b m/s d. 0.4 m/s 4

5 14. A system of particles is known to have a total momentum of zero. What can you say about the total kinetic energy of the system? a. kinetic energy is negative c. kinetic energy is zero b. you can t say anything about the kinetic energy d. kinetic energy is positive 15. A small car and large truck collide head-on and stick together. Which has the larger change in momentum? a. not enough information given c. the less massive car b. neither, they have the same change in momentum d. the more massive truck 16. Which of these is not a field force? a. gravitational force d. frictional force b. All of these are field forces e. strong nuclear force c. electrical force 17. A merry-go-round moves through 4 revolutions. What is this angular displacement in units of degrees? a. 25 c b. 90 d A ball has a mass of 2.0 kg and is twirled in a circle horizontally on a string; the circular path has a radius of 3.0 m. It moves at a constant velocity. In 3.0 seconds, the ball moves through an angular displacement of 3 revolutions. What is the tension in the string? a. 240 N c. 1.6 N b N d. 6.0 N 19. Bonnie sits on the outer rim of a merry-go-round. Klyde sits midway between the center and the rim. The merry-go-round makes one revolution every two seconds. Who has the smaller centripetal acceleration? a. Bonnie c. Klyde b. centripetal acceleration is the same for both d. both the same 20. An object rotates with a constant angular velocity. If the object rotates through an angle θ in the time t, through what angle did it rotate in the time t. 1 a. θ c. 1 θ 2 3 b. 1 θ d. 1 θ Klyde sits on the outer rim of a merry-go-round with a radius of 2 meters, and Bonnie sits midway between the center and rim. The merry-go-round makes one complete revolution every 2 seconds. What is the angular velocity, in revolutions/second, of Bonnie? a. 0.5 rev/s c. 2 rev/s b. 4 rev/s d. 1 rev/s 5

6 22. In this figure, Lisa sits on a see-saw 2 meters from the pivot point. Lisa has a mass of 60 kg. If Bob has a mass of 90 kg, what distance must he be from the pivot point for the see-saw to balance (i.e. be in equilibrium)? a. 1.8 m c. 3.1 m b. 1.3 m d. 2.0 m 6

7 23. This figure shows the human arm. The forearm rotates about the elbow (point O), and the biceps exerts a force on the ulna at 0.03 m from the elbow. The total length of the forearm and hand is 0.35 m. If the biceps can only exert a force of 700 N, what is the maximum mass of the ball that the person can hold in this position? a. 50 N c. 580 kg b. 6 kg d. 60 kg 7

8 24. This figure represents a solid disk whose mass is 10 kg and radius (r B ) is 2 meters. As shown in the figure, two forces are applied to the disk: F A has a magnitude of 50 N and is applied at a radius equal to 1.0 m (r A ). F B has a magnitude of 50 N and is applied at a radius equal to 2.0 m (r B ); this force is at an angle of 30 from the tangent of the circle. What is the net torque on the wheel? a. 0 N m c. -36 N m b. -50 N m d. -18 N m 25. You have two disks. The first has four times the mass of the second disk. The second disk has twice the radius of the first disk. Which has the larger moment of inertia? a. both have the same moment of inertia c. first disk b. second disk d. not enough information given 26. Which of these is not a state of matter? a. gas c. cold b. solid d. liquid 8

9 27. The apparent weight of an object submerged in a liquid is equal to its actual weight minus the buoyant force. The apparent weight of a solid PVC sphere, whose mass is 65 kg, is 147 N? What is the volume of the solid PVC sphere? (The density of PVC is 1300 kg/m 3 ; the density of water is 1000 kg/m 3.) a m 3 c m 3 b m 3 d m In this figure, f ä = 100 N, a=1 cm 2, and A=1 m 2. What is F ä? a N c. 100 N b. 1 N d. 0.1 N 9

10 29. This figure shows a broken barometer; the vacuum inside the barometer has been compromised such that P o 0. If the barometer is filled with water (ρ=1000 kg/m 3 ), what is the pressure inside the barometer when the pressure outside is P=1.0 atmosphere and the height is 5 m? (1 atm= N/m 2 ) a. 0.5 atm c. 20 Pa b N/m 2 d. 0 atm 30. When you partially close the end of a horizontal garden hose, the pressure of the water decreases. This is an application of which principle or equation: a. Bernoulli s Equation c. Pascal s Principle b. Archimede s Principle d. Equation of Continuity 10

11 31. Water flows through 2 sections of pipe as shown in this figure. In the first section, the pressure is P 1 = Pa, and the velocity is v 1 =3.0 m/s. The cross sectional area of the first pipe is 0.50 m 2. In the second section of pipe, the velocity is 6.0 m/s and the cross-sectional area is 0.25 m 2. What is the pressure, P 2, in the second section of pipe? a Pa c. 1.2 atm b Pa d. none of these 32. You want to take apart a couple of brass parts held together by steel screws, but the parts are stuck. What should you do to remove the screws? (The coefficient of linear expansion for steel is C -1. The coefficient for brass is C -1.) a. heat the parts c. Not enough information given b. cool the parts 33. Which of these is the Kelvin temperature scale based upon? a. plasma point of water d. double point of water b. heat of fusion of water e. all of the above c. absolute zero 34. Which is the largest unit of temperature: one degree Kelvin, Celsius, or Fahrenheit? a. Kelvin & Celsius c. Kelvin b. Celsius d. Fahrenheit 11

12 35. You heat a bimetallic strip that is made of brass on one side and steel on the other side. As you heat it, the strip will bend towards which side? (The coefficient of linear expansion for steel is C -1. The coefficient for brass is C -1.) a. the strip will not bend c. the brass side b. the steel side d. don t know 36. One mole of an atomic ideal gas occupies a volume of 0.01 m 3 at a pressure of Pa. How many atoms are present in the gas? (universal gas constant=8.314 J/(mol K); Boltzmann s constant = J/K; Avogadro s number is ) a atoms c. 0.4 atoms b atoms d. Not enough information given 37. A steel bar is 100 meters long. It is heated from 100 C to 1000 C. What is the change in length of the steel bar? (The coefficient of linear expansion for steel is C -1.) For this problem, ignore the proper use of significant figures. a. 0.1 m c. 100 cm b m d m 38. The specific heat of aluminum is 900 J/kg C. The specific heat of glass is 837 J/kg C. If two pieces of glass and aluminum, each with the same mass, are placed in a very cold place. For which of these will the temperature drop more quickly? a. aluminum c. temperature of both will decrease at same rate b. glass d. not enough information given 39. You place a mass of copper at -10 C into a container with 100 g of steam at 120 C and 200 g of water at 80 C. The system reaches an equilibrium temperature of 45 C. What is the mass of the copper? (for water: latent heat of vaporization= J/kg, latent heat of fusion= J/kg, and specific heat=4186 J/kg C. For copper, the specific heat is 387 J/kg C.) a. 1 kg c. 10 kg b. 25 kg d. 10,000 kg 12

13 40. Convection is the transfer of heat caused by a. the conversion of work to heat c. the motion of a substance b. contact between two objects d. the transfer of radiation 41. Water has a higher specific heat than sand. Therefore, in the late evening, breezes blow a. from the ocean to the beach c. either way, makes no difference b. from the beach to the ocean 42. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 100 g of ice from -20 C to 50 C? (For water: latent heat of vaporization= J/kg, latent heat of fusion= J/kg, and specific heat=4186 J/kg C.) a J c J b J d J 43. In which of these processes is the work done on the gas equal to zero? a. adiabatic d. isochroic b. isothermal e. isobaric c. isovolumetric 13

14 44. In this figure, what is the work done on the gas when it follows the path ab (beginning at a and ending at b)? a. -3 J c. -6 J b. -5 J d. 3 J 45. In the figure for the previous problem, what is the work on the gas for the cyclic path ABCA? a. -2 J c. -6 J b. 5 J d. -3 J 14

15 46. In a heat engine, 20,000 J of heat is absorbed by the steam from the coal boiler. This steam powers a turbine with 6,000 J of work. Then, 14,000 J of heat is dispersed in a cooling tower. What is the efficiency of this heat engine? a. 70% c. 30% b. 40% d. 80% 47. Which of these is a step in the 4-stroke internal combustion engine? a. combustion c. power b. ignition d. internment 48. An ideal, monatomic gas undergoes a thermal process where no heat is transferred to the gas. The inital pressure is 1000 Pa, and the initial volume is 0.1 m 3. The final volume is 0.2 m 3. What is the final pressure? (For a monatomic gas, Cp = 5 2 R and Cv = 3 2 R.) a. 300 Pa c. 100 Pa b. 700 Pa d. 500 Pa 49. The SI units for mass, length, and time are, respectively: a. kilogram, meter, and second c. slug, inch, and second b. kilogram, centimeter, and second d. gram, meter, and second 50. Ten thousand cubic millimeters (10,000 mm 3 ) is equal to how many cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) 51. a. None of the above c cm 3 b. 10 cm 3 d cm 3 How many significant figures are in this number: a. 7 c. 4 b. 6 d. 3 15

16 52. In this figure, the coordinates are given for the point; these coordinates are in the Cartesian coordinate system. If you wanted to express the polar coordinates (r,θ), what would those values be? 53. a. (r=8.60, θ=-36 ) c. (r=8.60, θ=216 ) b. (r=4.30, θ=216 ) d. (r=8.60, θ=180 ) This graph represents the position of a particle over a time of five seconds. What is the particle s instantaneous velocity at t=4.5 seconds? a. -2 m/s c. 0.3 m/s b. -4 m/s d. 2 m/s 54. A guy walks 10 meters towards the South. Then, he walks 8 meters to the West. What is the angle of his displacement? a. 51 N of E c. 39 W of S b. 39 S of W d. 51 Ε of S 16

17 55. A brick is thrown from the top of a building at an angle of 45 to the horizontal and with an initial speed of 10 m/s. If the brick is in flight for 3.0 s, how tall is the building? a. 71 m c. 73 m b. 30 m d. 23 m 56. While exploring a cave a spelunker starts at the entrance and moves the following distances: 50.0 m west, 25.0 m at an angle 60.0 east of north, and 100. m north. What is the magnitude of his resultant displacement? a. 127 m c. 175 m b. 125 m d. 116 m 57. A truck, initially traveling at 3.0 m/s, slows down at 0.5 m/s 2. It requires a time of 7.0 seconds to come to a complete stop. What distance did it cover in this time? a. 3.5 m c. 21 m b. 33 m d. 8.8 m 58. A high velocity sling shot can launch a steel ball 320 meters in about 11 seconds. What is the initial velocity of the steel ball? Assume the initial velocity is only in the horizontal direction. a. 110 m/s c. 29 m/s b. 33 m/s d. 590 m/s 17

18 59. You drop a very bouncy ball. It falls, and then it hits the floor and bounces right back up to you. Which of the following represents the velocity versus time graph for the ball s motion? a. c. b. d. 60. You throw a ball upward with a speed of 10 m/s. Assuming that air resistance is not negligible, what is the speed of the ball when it returns to you? a. > 10 m/s c. < 10 m/s b. Not enough information given d. 10 m/s 61. Which of these statements represent the motion represented in this plot? a. decreasing, negative velocity c. decreasing, positive velocity b. increasing, positive velocity d. increasing, negative velocity 62. A small cart is rolling at a constant velocity. With negligible air resistance, what happens if a stone is thrown straight into the air? a. The stone falls back into the cart. c. Not enough information given to answer the question. b. The stone falls in front of the cart. d. The stone falls behind the cart. 18

19 63. From the same height and at the same time, one ball is dropped and another ball is fired horizontally. Which one will hit the ground first? a. the dropped ball c. both b. it depends on the velocity of the fired ball d. the fired ball 64. You are using Version A of this test. Please bubble A and write Version A on your scantron. a. A c. C b. B d. D 19

20 Final Exam Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: A PTS: 1 2. ANS: B PTS: 1 3. ANS: C PTS: 1 4. ANS: E PTS: 1 5. ANS: C PTS: 1 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 7. ANS: D PTS: 1 8. ANS: B PTS: 1 9. ANS: D PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: 1 1

21 40. ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: A PTS: 1 2

Final (3.4)(2.54) = ( )( ) = x = max+ mv 2. + at 2 d. mv = xma t. Name: Class: Date:

Final (3.4)(2.54) = ( )( ) = x = max+ mv 2. + at 2 d. mv = xma t. Name: Class: Date: Name: Class: Date: Final Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is the result of this calculation: (3.4)(2.54) 2.0 + 4 = 8.318 a. 8.318 c.