1. is the force that opposes motion between two objects in contact.
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1 Name: Vocabulary: Write the correct word in each space. Word Bank: force acceleration friction velocity gravity speed net force motion 1. is the force that opposes motion between two objects in contact. 2. A. is a push or a pull exerted on an object in order to change the object s motion 3. is the force of attraction between two objects due to their masses and the distance between them. 4. is the combination of all forces acting on an object. 5. is the rate at which an object moves in a given direction. 6. is the rate at which velocity changes. 7. is when an object changes position over time in relation to a reference point. 8. is the rate at which an object moves. Friction and Gravity: Circle the correct term in parentheses. 9. Gravity was discovered by (Sir Isaac Newton/Dmitri Mendeleev) 10. As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them (increases/decreases). 11. As the mass of an object increases, the force of gravity (increases/decreases). 12. A measure of gravitational force is (mass/weight). The units of measurement used are (kilograms/newtons). 13. A measure of the amount of matter in an object is (mass/weight). Mass is measured in units called (kilograms/newtons). Mass (always remains the same/changes based on gravity). 14. When a surface is rough, the friction (increases/decreases). 15. When you increase the force applied to an object, friction (increases/decreases). 16. When you make a surface smoother, friction is (increased/decreased). 17. A carpet has (more/less) friction than a hardwood floor. 19. Friction is (harmful/helpful/both harmful and helpful).
2 For numbers write a + if the statement is an example of helpful friction and a - if it is an example of harmful friction: 18. Engine parts wearing out. 20. A person walking. 22. Brakes stopping a car. 24. A pencil writing on paper. 19. Soil erosion. 21. Car tires moving a car forward. 23. Holes developing in your socks. 25. An eraser erasing. Forces: Calculate the net force in each problem below. Be sure to include which direction the box will travel, and whether it is balanced or unbalanced. If it does not move, write none for direction of motion N 210N 20N 20N 70N N N 8N 426N N 6.25N 40N 57N
3 32. 42N N 41N 17N 44N N 800N 852N 362N 490N 36. Circle the statements about forces that are 100% true. (hint: there are 3) A. Force can be transferred from one object to another using motion. B. There cannot be a force without motion. C. If there is motion, then a force is acting. D. Forces act on objects at rest. E. Moving objects stop when the force is used up. F. The stronger the force, the faster an object moves. G. Forces make things go, losing energy makes them stop. H. A force is necessary in order to change the direction of motion. I. Constant speed results from constant force. J. Objects can continue moving in a straight line without applying force. K. If there is no motion, then there is no force acting. 37. What kind of force is required to cause an object to start moving? (balanced/unbalanced) 38. When the net force is equal to 0 N, they are (balanced/unbalanced). 39. When the net force is greater than 0N, it is (balanced/unbalanced).
4 40. UNITS: Write A for Acceleration. Write S for Speed. Write V for Velocity. Write F for force. A. 38 m/s/s B. 42 mi/h West C. 182 m/s D. 34 m/s North E. 2 m/s/s F. 82 N G. 14 km/h H. 38 mi/h North I. 68 m/s/s J. 22 cm/s K. 683 m/s/s L. 22 m/s South M. 72 N to the right N. 82 mph O. 2 mi/h/s SPEED: 41. What is the formula for calculating speed? 42. Which of the following are two factors that determine speed? A. acceleration and time B. distance and time C. motion and Time D. velocity and time 41. Speed is the at which an object moves. 42. A car travels around the block. It travels 16 miles in.5 hours. Its average speed is 43. You are driving to Savannah. It is 244 miles away and it takes you 4 hours to get there. What was your average speed? 44. You are driving to Greenville, South Carolina. It is 135 miles away, and it takes you 2.5 hours. What was your average speed? 45. You are driving to Huntsville, Alabama. It takes you 2 hours to get there and you drive an average of 60 miles per hour. How many miles away is Huntsville, Alabama? Velocity: 46. Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity? A. Velocity has motion, and speed does not. B. Velocity has direction, and speed does not. C. Velocity involves time, and speed does not. D. Velocity involves acceleration and speed does not. 47. Jessica jogs on a path that is 2.5 meters long to get to a park that is south of her location. It takes her 1 hour. What is her velocity? 48. You are traveling 80 miles for a total of 1.5 hours. You are traveling north. What is your velocity?
5 49. A roller coaster car rapidly picks up speed as it rolls down a slope. As it starts down, its speed is 4 m/s. Then 3 seconds later; its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration? 50. A lizard accelerates from 2 m/s to 10 m/s in 4 seconds. What is the lizard s average acceleration? 51. You are traveling in a car that is moving at a velocity of 20 m/s. Suddenly, a car 10 meters in front of you slams on its brakes. At that moment, you also slam on your brakes and slow to 5 m/s. Calculate the acceleration if it took 2 seconds to slow your car down. Graphing Speed and Acceleration Use the graph below to answer questions During which part of the journey was the bus moving fastest? 53. During which part of the journey did the bus have the greatest acceleration? 54. Calculate the acceleration between D and E.
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