Now we must transform the original model so we can use the new parameters. = S max. Recruits

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Now we must transform the original model so we can use the new parameters. = S max. Recruits"

Transcription

1 MODEL FOR VARIABLE RECRUITMENT (ontinue) Alterntive Prmeteriztions of the pwner-reruit Moels We n write ny moel in numerous ifferent ut equivlent forms. Uner ertin irumstnes it is onvenient to work with lterntive versions of the Riker n the Beverton n Holt spwner-reruit moels. The Riker R Moel R exp( ) ln( ) Define new prmeters α ln( ) Now we must trnsform the originl moel so we n use the new prmeters. α R exp( ) exp( ln( ) ) exp α R exp( α) expα exp α α Prmeter α is imensionless n hs imensions [No.Fish]. The quntity ( - / ) is the reltive evition from the equilirium vlue; e.g., 0% of the equilirium. Also, notie tht α ln( ) ln( ) mx / mx If α < > < mx If α > > mx < mx ' mx Reruits Reruits pwners pwners FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 89

2 Another formultion for the Riker R Moel Mny reent stok ssessment moels hve opte yet nother formul for the spwner-reruit reltionship efine in terms of prmeters for the size of the unexploite spwning popultion ( ) n the so-lle steepness of the R urve, often enote y h. The steepness vlue is efine to e the frtion of the unexploite level of reruitment tht ours when the prentl spwning popultion is t 20% of its unexploite level. From this efinition n the formultion of the R moel given on the previous pge we hve the following reltionship. ( ) 0.2 R exp α h R eq Beuse the unexploite reruitment is equl to the unexploite spwning popultion (R eq ), the eqution n e written s h exp α > h 0.2 exp α ( 0.2) > α.25 ln( 5 h) The new lterntive formultion for the Riker R moel eomes R exp.25 ln( 5 h) The Beverton n Holt Moel R + Define new prmeters α α Agin, we must trnsform the originl moel so we n use the new prmeters. R + ( ) + ( ) A n sutrt ; multiply y (-)/(-). R ( ) α As in the lterntive form of the Riker moel, prmeter α is imensionless n hs imensions [No.Fish], n the quntity ( - / ) is the reltive evition from the equilirium vlue. Also, notie tht α R mx / R mx FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 90

3 Beuse must e positive numer, it will lwys e true tht α < n < R mx. Another formultion for the Beverton n Holt R Moel In terms of prmeters for the unexploite spwning stok size n the steepness of the R urve the Beverton n Holt R moel n e written s R 5 h 4 h This follows from the efinition of steepness. R( 0.2 ) 0.2 h R eq h 0.2 α 0.2 α ( 0.2) h > α 5 h 4 h Hrvesting n tok-reruit Moels If fishing ours over short intervl just prior to spwning, s ours when fishing on spwning migrtions of Pifi slmon, then the inoming reruits inlue progeny tht spwn plus fish tht woul hve spwne h they not een ught prior to spwning. We n express this reltionship with the following equtions. Reruits New_pwners + Cth New_pwners Reruits Cth If we just the size of our th so tht we hrvest ll the reruits tht re in exess of the replement level R, then the popultion will e mintine t stey stte with onstnt stok size from one genertion to the next. The equilirium th per ohort is given y C eq R( ) We n think of these fish tht re ught (C eq ) s eing "surplus" reruits euse they re not neee to mintin the size of the spwning stok. If less thn C eq fish re ught the size of the spwning stok will inrese. If more thn C eq fish re ught the size of the spwning stok will erese. FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 9

4 Equilirium Cth per Cohort for the Riker R Moel C eq R( ) 0 C eq exp( ) C eq C eq ( exp( ) ) Reruits pwners Another wy to look t this is to "streth" the spwner- reruit urve n let the line R eome the new horizontl xis. The vertil xis is R()-, the surplus reruits, whih is the sme s the equilirium th C eq. urplus Reruits 0 pwners The mximum equilirium th ours t tht vlue of for whih C eq ( R( ) ) 0 R( ) 0 R exp( ) ( ) > C eq exp( ) ( ) The mximum equilirium th ours t the vlue of tht stisfies exp( ) ( ) FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 92

5 C Reruits mx( C eq ) pwners We nnot solve iretly for this vlue of, euse it ppers oth insie n outsie n exponent. Inste we must use numeril tehniques (whih is esy in Exel using olver) or we n get pproximte solutions y using the Tylor series expnsion for the exponentil funtion. exp( X) + X + X 2 2! X ! We n use the first orer pproximtion, exp(- ) -, to solve pproximtely for the vlue of tht mximizes C eq. Cll this vlue C. ( C) ( C) 2 ( C) + 2 C 2 / 2 ( C) + 2 C 2 0 This is qurti eqution in C. C + B C + A C 2 0 with solutions C [-B ± ( B 2-4 A C)]/(2 A) C or C Qurti equtions hve two possile solutions euse X 2 (-X) 2. FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 93

6 We wnt the negtive root. The positive root oes not proue resonle solution. C The mximum equilirium th is otine y sustituting C into the eqution for C eq, mxc eq C ( exp( C) ) Here is n exmple using the sme n vlues s erlier: Here re the pproximtions for C n mxc eq se on the first orer Tylor series. C 22. mxc eq C ( exp( C) ) 45.0 Now we'll lulte the true vlue for C using Mth's root() funtion. The funtion nees strting guess tht it itertively improves. C root[ exp( C) ( C), C] The pproximtion for C is out 2% too smll, ( )/ mxc eq C ( exp( C) ) 49. The pproximtion for mxc eq is only out % too smll. Equilirium Cth per Cohort for the Beverton & Holt R Moel 0 C eq R( ) C eq + C eq + Reruits C eq pwners FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 94

7 Here is the lterntive view otine y sutrting the replement line R from the urve R(). urplus Reruits 0 pwners The equilirium th will e mximum t tht vlue of for whih C eq 0 ( R( ) ) C R ( + ) mx( C eq ) Reruits > C eq ( + ) 2 pwners The mximum C eq ours t the vlue of, ll it C, tht stisfies ( + C) 2 > ( + C) C + 2 C 2 ( ) C + 2 C 2 A qurti eqution gin. 0 C + B X + A X 2 The generl solution is X [-B ± (B 2-4 A C)] / (2 A) The solution for C is C ( ) We wnt C to e positive. In our eqution prmeters n re lwys positive, so only the positive root will yiel positive vlue for C. We get the following solution for the stok size tht proues the mximum equilirium th. FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 95

8 C The mximum equilirium th is otine y sustituting C into the eqution for C eq, mxc eq + C C C mxc eq ( + ) mxc eq + + ( ) 2 Espement Curves uppose our mngement strtegy is to hrvest some fixe proportion of the inoming new reruits. Hrvest Frtion: µ C R ( ) The numer of fish tht espe n spwn, the espement, is R' R µ. We n represent this grphilly y proportionlly reuing the reruitment urve y (-µ) s shown here. ' eq Reruits pwners For exmple, if 25% of the new reruits re hrveste from eh genertion, then the spwning stok size will e reue n the stok will pproh new n lower equilirium level. In the grph ove the new R'() urve is 75% of the originl urve. FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 96

9 Here is nother wy to look t the onsequenes of fixe hrvest frtion. The espement is n for ext replement we must hve ( ) Espement R µ ( ) Espement > R µ Given the hrvest frtion µ, the replement line is R. µ This gives us nother wy to represent hrveste popultion. When there is hrvesting the replement line is higher euse only some of the inoming reruits (the frtion -µ) re llowe to spwn. ' eq Reruits pwners FW43/53 Copyright 2008 y Dvi B. mpson Reruitment3 - Pge 97

for all x in [a,b], then the area of the region bounded by the graphs of f and g and the vertical lines x = a and x = b is b [ ( ) ( )] A= f x g x dx

for all x in [a,b], then the area of the region bounded by the graphs of f and g and the vertical lines x = a and x = b is b [ ( ) ( )] A= f x g x dx Applitions of Integrtion Are of Region Between Two Curves Ojetive: Fin the re of region etween two urves using integrtion. Fin the re of region etween interseting urves using integrtion. Desrie integrtion

More information

CS 491G Combinatorial Optimization Lecture Notes

CS 491G Combinatorial Optimization Lecture Notes CS 491G Comintoril Optimiztion Leture Notes Dvi Owen July 30, August 1 1 Mthings Figure 1: two possile mthings in simple grph. Definition 1 Given grph G = V, E, mthing is olletion of eges M suh tht e i,

More information

Factorising FACTORISING.

Factorising FACTORISING. Ftorising FACTORISING www.mthletis.om.u Ftorising FACTORISING Ftorising is the opposite of expning. It is the proess of putting expressions into rkets rther thn expning them out. In this setion you will

More information

Numbers and indices. 1.1 Fractions. GCSE C Example 1. Handy hint. Key point

Numbers and indices. 1.1 Fractions. GCSE C Example 1. Handy hint. Key point GCSE C Emple 7 Work out 9 Give your nswer in its simplest form Numers n inies Reiprote mens invert or turn upsie own The reiprol of is 9 9 Mke sure you only invert the frtion you re iviing y 7 You multiply

More information

SIMPLE NONLINEAR GRAPHS

SIMPLE NONLINEAR GRAPHS S i m p l e N o n l i n e r G r p h s SIMPLE NONLINEAR GRAPHS www.mthletis.om.u Simple SIMPLE Nonliner NONLINEAR Grphs GRAPHS Liner equtions hve the form = m+ where the power of (n ) is lws. The re lle

More information

1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1. Given a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.

1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1. Given a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. 1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1 1 Pythgors Theorem In this setion we will present geometri proof of the fmous theorem of Pythgors. Given right ngled tringle, the squre of the hypotenuse is equl to the sum of the

More information

Surds and Indices. Surds and Indices. Curriculum Ready ACMNA: 233,

Surds and Indices. Surds and Indices. Curriculum Ready ACMNA: 233, Surs n Inies Surs n Inies Curriulum Rey ACMNA:, 6 www.mthletis.om Surs SURDS & & Inies INDICES Inies n surs re very losely relte. A numer uner (squre root sign) is lle sur if the squre root n t e simplifie.

More information

I 3 2 = I I 4 = 2A

I 3 2 = I I 4 = 2A ECE 210 Eletril Ciruit Anlysis University of llinois t Chigo 2.13 We re ske to use KCL to fin urrents 1 4. The key point in pplying KCL in this prolem is to strt with noe where only one of the urrents

More information

Project 6: Minigoals Towards Simplifying and Rewriting Expressions

Project 6: Minigoals Towards Simplifying and Rewriting Expressions MAT 51 Wldis Projet 6: Minigols Towrds Simplifying nd Rewriting Expressions The distriutive property nd like terms You hve proly lerned in previous lsses out dding like terms ut one prolem with the wy

More information

Lecture 6: Coding theory

Lecture 6: Coding theory Leture 6: Coing theory Biology 429 Crl Bergstrom Ferury 4, 2008 Soures: This leture loosely follows Cover n Thoms Chpter 5 n Yeung Chpter 3. As usul, some of the text n equtions re tken iretly from those

More information

Review of Gaussian Quadrature method

Review of Gaussian Quadrature method Review of Gussin Qudrture method Nsser M. Asi Spring 006 compiled on Sundy Decemer 1, 017 t 09:1 PM 1 The prolem To find numericl vlue for the integrl of rel vlued function of rel vrile over specific rnge

More information

CARLETON UNIVERSITY. 1.0 Problems and Most Solutions, Sect B, 2005

CARLETON UNIVERSITY. 1.0 Problems and Most Solutions, Sect B, 2005 RLETON UNIVERSIT eprtment of Eletronis ELE 2607 Swithing iruits erury 28, 05; 0 pm.0 Prolems n Most Solutions, Set, 2005 Jn. 2, #8 n #0; Simplify, Prove Prolem. #8 Simplify + + + Reue to four letters (literls).

More information

( ) { } [ ] { } [ ) { } ( ] { }

( ) { } [ ] { } [ ) { } ( ] { } Mth 65 Prelulus Review Properties of Inequlities 1. > nd > >. > + > +. > nd > 0 > 4. > nd < 0 < Asolute Vlue, if 0, if < 0 Properties of Asolute Vlue > 0 1. < < > or

More information

AP Calculus BC Chapter 8: Integration Techniques, L Hopital s Rule and Improper Integrals

AP Calculus BC Chapter 8: Integration Techniques, L Hopital s Rule and Improper Integrals AP Clulus BC Chpter 8: Integrtion Tehniques, L Hopitl s Rule nd Improper Integrls 8. Bsi Integrtion Rules In this setion we will review vrious integrtion strtegies. Strtegies: I. Seprte the integrnd into

More information

Lecture 2: January 27

Lecture 2: January 27 CS 684: Algorithmic Gme Theory Spring 217 Lecturer: Év Trdos Lecture 2: Jnury 27 Scrie: Alert Julius Liu 2.1 Logistics Scrie notes must e sumitted within 24 hours of the corresponding lecture for full

More information

Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues

Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues MTB 050 1 ORIGIN 1 Eigenvets n Eigenvlues This wksheet esries the lger use to lulte "prinipl" "hrteristi" iretions lle Eigenvets n the "prinipl" "hrteristi" vlues lle Eigenvlues ssoite with these iretions.

More information

Momentum and Energy Review

Momentum and Energy Review Momentum n Energy Review Nme: Dte: 1. A 0.0600-kilogrm ll trveling t 60.0 meters per seon hits onrete wll. Wht spee must 0.0100-kilogrm ullet hve in orer to hit the wll with the sme mgnitue of momentum

More information

Polynomials. Polynomials. Curriculum Ready ACMNA:

Polynomials. Polynomials. Curriculum Ready ACMNA: Polynomils Polynomils Curriulum Redy ACMNA: 66 www.mthletis.om Polynomils POLYNOMIALS A polynomil is mthemtil expression with one vrile whose powers re neither negtive nor frtions. The power in eh expression

More information

Linear Inequalities. Work Sheet 1

Linear Inequalities. Work Sheet 1 Work Sheet 1 Liner Inequlities Rent--Hep, cr rentl compny,chrges $ 15 per week plus $ 0.0 per mile to rent one of their crs. Suppose you re limited y how much money you cn spend for the week : You cn spend

More information

AP CALCULUS Test #6: Unit #6 Basic Integration and Applications

AP CALCULUS Test #6: Unit #6 Basic Integration and Applications AP CALCULUS Test #6: Unit #6 Bsi Integrtion nd Applitions A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR SOME PROBLEMS OR PARTS OF PROBLEMS IN THIS PART OF THE EXAMINATION. () The ext numeril vlue of the orret

More information

University of Sioux Falls. MAT204/205 Calculus I/II

University of Sioux Falls. MAT204/205 Calculus I/II University of Sioux Flls MAT204/205 Clulus I/II Conepts ddressed: Clulus Textook: Thoms Clulus, 11 th ed., Weir, Hss, Giordno 1. Use stndrd differentition nd integrtion tehniques. Differentition tehniques

More information

Section 2.3. Matrix Inverses

Section 2.3. Matrix Inverses Mtri lger Mtri nverses Setion.. Mtri nverses hree si opertions on mtries, ition, multiplition, n sutrtion, re nlogues for mtries of the sme opertions for numers. n this setion we introue the mtri nlogue

More information

AP Calculus AB Unit 4 Assessment

AP Calculus AB Unit 4 Assessment Clss: Dte: 0-04 AP Clulus AB Unit 4 Assessment Multiple Choie Identify the hoie tht best ompletes the sttement or nswers the question. A lultor my NOT be used on this prt of the exm. (6 minutes). The slope

More information

Section 1.3 Triangles

Section 1.3 Triangles Se 1.3 Tringles 21 Setion 1.3 Tringles LELING TRINGLE The line segments tht form tringle re lled the sides of the tringle. Eh pir of sides forms n ngle, lled n interior ngle, nd eh tringle hs three interior

More information

Probability. b a b. a b 32.

Probability. b a b. a b 32. Proility If n event n hppen in '' wys nd fil in '' wys, nd eh of these wys is eqully likely, then proility or the hne, or its hppening is, nd tht of its filing is eg, If in lottery there re prizes nd lnks,

More information

6.5 Improper integrals

6.5 Improper integrals Eerpt from "Clulus" 3 AoPS In. www.rtofprolemsolving.om 6.5. IMPROPER INTEGRALS 6.5 Improper integrls As we ve seen, we use the definite integrl R f to ompute the re of the region under the grph of y =

More information

x dx does exist, what does the answer look like? What does the answer to

x dx does exist, what does the answer look like? What does the answer to Review Guie or MAT Finl Em Prt II. Mony Decemer th 8:.m. 9:5.m. (or the 8:3.m. clss) :.m. :5.m. (or the :3.m. clss) Prt is worth 5% o your Finl Em gre. NO CALCULATORS re llowe on this portion o the Finl

More information

P 3 (x) = f(0) + f (0)x + f (0) 2. x 2 + f (0) . In the problem set, you are asked to show, in general, the n th order term is a n = f (n) (0)

P 3 (x) = f(0) + f (0)x + f (0) 2. x 2 + f (0) . In the problem set, you are asked to show, in general, the n th order term is a n = f (n) (0) 1 Tylor polynomils In Section 3.5, we discussed how to pproximte function f(x) round point in terms of its first derivtive f (x) evluted t, tht is using the liner pproximtion f() + f ()(x ). We clled this

More information

For a, b, c, d positive if a b and. ac bd. Reciprocal relations for a and b positive. If a > b then a ab > b. then

For a, b, c, d positive if a b and. ac bd. Reciprocal relations for a and b positive. If a > b then a ab > b. then Slrs-7.2-ADV-.7 Improper Definite Integrls 27.. D.dox Pge of Improper Definite Integrls Before we strt the min topi we present relevnt lger nd it review. See Appendix J for more lger review. Inequlities:

More information

Counting Paths Between Vertices. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs

Counting Paths Between Vertices. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs. Isomorphism of Graphs Isomorphism of Grphs Definition The simple grphs G 1 = (V 1, E 1 ) n G = (V, E ) re isomorphi if there is ijetion (n oneto-one n onto funtion) f from V 1 to V with the property tht n re jent in G 1 if

More information

18.06 Problem Set 4 Due Wednesday, Oct. 11, 2006 at 4:00 p.m. in 2-106

18.06 Problem Set 4 Due Wednesday, Oct. 11, 2006 at 4:00 p.m. in 2-106 8. Problem Set Due Wenesy, Ot., t : p.m. in - Problem Mony / Consier the eight vetors 5, 5, 5,..., () List ll of the one-element, linerly epenent sets forme from these. (b) Wht re the two-element, linerly

More information

Definite Integrals. The area under a curve can be approximated by adding up the areas of rectangles = 1 1 +

Definite Integrals. The area under a curve can be approximated by adding up the areas of rectangles = 1 1 + Definite Integrls --5 The re under curve cn e pproximted y dding up the res of rectngles. Exmple. Approximte the re under y = from x = to x = using equl suintervls nd + x evluting the function t the left-hnd

More information

MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION. (Last edited October 28, 2013 at 11:09pm.)

MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION. (Last edited October 28, 2013 at 11:09pm.) MORE FUNCTION GRAPHING; OPTIMIZATION FRI, OCT 25, 203 (Lst edited October 28, 203 t :09pm.) Exercise. Let n be n rbitrry positive integer. Give n exmple of function with exctly n verticl symptotes. Give

More information

Let s divide up the interval [ ab, ] into n subintervals with the same length, so we have

Let s divide up the interval [ ab, ] into n subintervals with the same length, so we have III. INTEGRATION Eonomists seem muh more intereste in mrginl effets n ifferentition thn in integrtion. Integrtion is importnt for fining the epete vlue n vrine of rnom vriles, whih is use in eonometris

More information

22: Union Find. CS 473u - Algorithms - Spring April 14, We want to maintain a collection of sets, under the operations of:

22: Union Find. CS 473u - Algorithms - Spring April 14, We want to maintain a collection of sets, under the operations of: 22: Union Fin CS 473u - Algorithms - Spring 2005 April 14, 2005 1 Union-Fin We wnt to mintin olletion of sets, uner the opertions of: 1. MkeSet(x) - rete set tht ontins the single element x. 2. Fin(x)

More information

Logarithms LOGARITHMS.

Logarithms LOGARITHMS. Logrithms LOGARITHMS www.mthletis.om.u Logrithms LOGARITHMS Logrithms re nother method to lulte nd work with eponents. Answer these questions, efore working through this unit. I used to think: In the

More information

Properties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives

Properties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives Block #6: Properties of Integrls, Indefinite Integrls Gols: Definition of the Definite Integrl Integrl Clcultions using Antiderivtives Properties of Integrls The Indefinite Integrl 1 Riemnn Sums - 1 Riemnn

More information

Chapter Gauss Quadrature Rule of Integration

Chapter Gauss Quadrature Rule of Integration Chpter 7. Guss Qudrture Rule o Integrtion Ater reding this hpter, you should e le to:. derive the Guss qudrture method or integrtion nd e le to use it to solve prolems, nd. use Guss qudrture method to

More information

Unit #9 : Definite Integral Properties; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Unit #9 : Definite Integral Properties; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Unit #9 : Definite Integrl Properties; Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus Gols: Identify properties of definite integrls Define odd nd even functions, nd reltionship to integrl vlues Introduce the Fundmentl

More information

Integration. antidifferentiation

Integration. antidifferentiation 9 Integrtion 9A Antidifferentition 9B Integrtion of e, sin ( ) nd os ( ) 9C Integrtion reognition 9D Approimting res enlosed funtions 9E The fundmentl theorem of integrl lulus 9F Signed res 9G Further

More information

The area under the graph of f and above the x-axis between a and b is denoted by. f(x) dx. π O

The area under the graph of f and above the x-axis between a and b is denoted by. f(x) dx. π O 1 Section 5. The Definite Integrl Suppose tht function f is continuous nd positive over n intervl [, ]. y = f(x) x The re under the grph of f nd ove the x-xis etween nd is denoted y f(x) dx nd clled the

More information

( ) as a fraction. Determine location of the highest

( ) as a fraction. Determine location of the highest AB/ Clulus Exm Review Sheet Solutions A Prelulus Type prolems A1 A A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 This is wht you think of doing Find the zeros of f( x) Set funtion equl to Ftor or use qudrti eqution if qudrti Grph to

More information

50 AMC Lectures Problem Book 2 (36) Substitution Method

50 AMC Lectures Problem Book 2 (36) Substitution Method 0 AMC Letures Prolem Book Sustitution Metho PROBLEMS Prolem : Solve for rel : 9 + 99 + 9 = Prolem : Solve for rel : 0 9 8 8 Prolem : Show tht if 8 Prolem : Show tht + + if rel numers,, n stisf + + = Prolem

More information

I1 = I2 I1 = I2 + I3 I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 I 3

I1 = I2 I1 = I2 + I3 I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 I 3 2 The Prllel Circuit Electric Circuits: Figure 2- elow show ttery nd multiple resistors rrnged in prllel. Ech resistor receives portion of the current from the ttery sed on its resistnce. The split is

More information

Sections 5.3: Antiderivatives and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Theory:

Sections 5.3: Antiderivatives and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Theory: Setions 5.3: Antierivtives n the Funmentl Theorem of Clulus Theory: Definition. Assume tht y = f(x) is ontinuous funtion on n intervl I. We ll funtion F (x), x I, to be n ntierivtive of f(x) if F (x) =

More information

1B40 Practical Skills

1B40 Practical Skills B40 Prcticl Skills Comining uncertinties from severl quntities error propgtion We usully encounter situtions where the result of n experiment is given in terms of two (or more) quntities. We then need

More information

Lecture 2: Cayley Graphs

Lecture 2: Cayley Graphs Mth 137B Professor: Pri Brtlett Leture 2: Cyley Grphs Week 3 UCSB 2014 (Relevnt soure mteril: Setion VIII.1 of Bollos s Moern Grph Theory; 3.7 of Gosil n Royle s Algeri Grph Theory; vrious ppers I ve re

More information

5.4, 6.1, 6.2 Handout. As we ve discussed, the integral is in some way the opposite of taking a derivative. The exact relationship

5.4, 6.1, 6.2 Handout. As we ve discussed, the integral is in some way the opposite of taking a derivative. The exact relationship 5.4, 6.1, 6.2 Hnout As we ve iscusse, the integrl is in some wy the opposite of tking erivtive. The exct reltionship is given by the Funmentl Theorem of Clculus: The Funmentl Theorem of Clculus: If f is

More information

SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL. Part 1. What and Why.?

SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL. Part 1. What and Why.? SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL Prt Wht nd Wh.? Student Mteril Prt Prolem n > 0 n > 0 Is the onverse true? Prolem If n is even then n is even. If n is even then n is even. Wht nd Wh? Eploring Pure Mths Are

More information

Conservation Law. Chapter Goal. 6.2 Theory

Conservation Law. Chapter Goal. 6.2 Theory Chpter 6 Conservtion Lw 6.1 Gol Our long term gol is to unerstn how mthemticl moels re erive. Here, we will stuy how certin quntity chnges with time in given region (sptil omin). We then first erive the

More information

f a L Most reasonable functions are continuous, as seen in the following theorem:

f a L Most reasonable functions are continuous, as seen in the following theorem: Limits Suppose f : R R. To sy lim f(x) = L x mens tht s x gets closer n closer to, then f(x) gets closer n closer to L. This suggests tht the grph of f looks like one of the following three pictures: f

More information

NON-DETERMINISTIC FSA

NON-DETERMINISTIC FSA Tw o types of non-determinism: NON-DETERMINISTIC FS () Multiple strt-sttes; strt-sttes S Q. The lnguge L(M) ={x:x tkes M from some strt-stte to some finl-stte nd ll of x is proessed}. The string x = is

More information

THE EXISTENCE-UNIQUENESS THEOREM FOR FIRST-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.

THE EXISTENCE-UNIQUENESS THEOREM FOR FIRST-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS. THE EXISTENCE-UNIQUENESS THEOREM FOR FIRST-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS RADON ROSBOROUGH https://intuitiveexplntionscom/picrd-lindelof-theorem/ This document is proof of the existence-uniqueness theorem

More information

INTEGRATION. 1 Integrals of Complex Valued functions of a REAL variable

INTEGRATION. 1 Integrals of Complex Valued functions of a REAL variable INTEGRATION NOTE: These notes re supposed to supplement Chpter 4 of the online textbook. 1 Integrls of Complex Vlued funtions of REAL vrible If I is n intervl in R (for exmple I = [, b] or I = (, b)) nd

More information

A Primer on Continuous-time Economic Dynamics

A Primer on Continuous-time Economic Dynamics Eonomis 205A Fll 2008 K Kletzer A Primer on Continuous-time Eonomi Dnmis A Liner Differentil Eqution Sstems (i) Simplest se We egin with the simple liner first-orer ifferentil eqution The generl solution

More information

Improper Integrals. The First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, as we ve discussed in class, goes as follows:

Improper Integrals. The First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, as we ve discussed in class, goes as follows: Improper Integrls The First Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus, s we ve discussed in clss, goes s follows: If f is continuous on the intervl [, ] nd F is function for which F t = ft, then ftdt = F F. An integrl

More information

Lesson 55 - Inverse of Matrices & Determinants

Lesson 55 - Inverse of Matrices & Determinants // () Review Lesson - nverse of Mtries & Determinnts Mth Honors - Sntowski - t this stge of stuying mtries, we know how to, subtrt n multiply mtries i.e. if Then evlute: () + B (b) - () B () B (e) B n

More information

p-adic Egyptian Fractions

p-adic Egyptian Fractions p-adic Egyptin Frctions Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Trditionl Egyptin Frctions nd Greedy Algorithm 2 3 Set-up 3 4 p-greedy Algorithm 5 5 p-egyptin Trditionl 10 6 Conclusion 1 Introduction An Egyptin frction

More information

UNIT 5 QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS Lesson 3: Creating Quadratic Equations in Two or More Variables Instruction

UNIT 5 QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS Lesson 3: Creating Quadratic Equations in Two or More Variables Instruction Lesson 3: Creting Qudrtic Equtions in Two or More Vriles Prerequisite Skills This lesson requires the use of the following skill: solving equtions with degree of Introduction 1 The formul for finding the

More information

Area and Perimeter. Area and Perimeter. Solutions. Curriculum Ready.

Area and Perimeter. Area and Perimeter. Solutions. Curriculum Ready. Are n Perimeter Are n Perimeter Solutions Curriulum Rey www.mthletis.om How oes it work? Solutions Are n Perimeter Pge questions Are using unit squres Are = whole squres Are = 6 whole squres = units =

More information

approaches as n becomes larger and larger. Since e > 1, the graph of the natural exponential function is as below

approaches as n becomes larger and larger. Since e > 1, the graph of the natural exponential function is as below . Eponentil nd rithmic functions.1 Eponentil Functions A function of the form f() =, > 0, 1 is clled n eponentil function. Its domin is the set of ll rel f ( 1) numbers. For n eponentil function f we hve.

More information

2.4 Theoretical Foundations

2.4 Theoretical Foundations 2 Progrmming Lnguge Syntx 2.4 Theoretil Fountions As note in the min text, snners n prsers re se on the finite utomt n pushown utomt tht form the ottom two levels of the Chomsky lnguge hierrhy. At eh level

More information

Algebra 2 Semester 1 Practice Final

Algebra 2 Semester 1 Practice Final Alger 2 Semester Prtie Finl Multiple Choie Ientify the hoie tht est ompletes the sttement or nswers the question. To whih set of numers oes the numer elong?. 2 5 integers rtionl numers irrtionl numers

More information

Solids of Revolution

Solids of Revolution Solis of Revolution Solis of revolution re rete tking n re n revolving it roun n is of rottion. There re two methos to etermine the volume of the soli of revolution: the isk metho n the shell metho. Disk

More information

Bases for Vector Spaces

Bases for Vector Spaces Bses for Vector Spces 2-26-25 A set is independent if, roughly speking, there is no redundncy in the set: You cn t uild ny vector in the set s liner comintion of the others A set spns if you cn uild everything

More information

The Regulated and Riemann Integrals

The Regulated and Riemann Integrals Chpter 1 The Regulted nd Riemnn Integrls 1.1 Introduction We will consider severl different pproches to defining the definite integrl f(x) dx of function f(x). These definitions will ll ssign the sme vlue

More information

QUADRATIC EQUATION EXERCISE - 01 CHECK YOUR GRASP

QUADRATIC EQUATION EXERCISE - 01 CHECK YOUR GRASP QUADRATIC EQUATION EXERCISE - 0 CHECK YOUR GRASP. Sine sum of oeffiients 0. Hint : It's one root is nd other root is 8 nd 5 5. tn other root 9. q 4p 0 q p q p, q 4 p,,, 4 Hene 7 vlues of (p, q) 7 equtions

More information

ILLUSTRATING THE EXTENSION OF A SPECIAL PROPERTY OF CUBIC POLYNOMIALS TO NTH DEGREE POLYNOMIALS

ILLUSTRATING THE EXTENSION OF A SPECIAL PROPERTY OF CUBIC POLYNOMIALS TO NTH DEGREE POLYNOMIALS ILLUSTRATING THE EXTENSION OF A SPECIAL PROPERTY OF CUBIC POLYNOMIALS TO NTH DEGREE POLYNOMIALS Dvid Miller West Virgini University P.O. BOX 6310 30 Armstrong Hll Morgntown, WV 6506 millerd@mth.wvu.edu

More information

Formula for Trapezoid estimate using Left and Right estimates: Trap( n) If the graph of f is decreasing on [a, b], then f ( x ) dx

Formula for Trapezoid estimate using Left and Right estimates: Trap( n) If the graph of f is decreasing on [a, b], then f ( x ) dx Fill in the Blnks for the Big Topis in Chpter 5: The Definite Integrl Estimting n integrl using Riemnn sum:. The Left rule uses the left endpoint of eh suintervl.. The Right rule uses the right endpoint

More information

Overview of Calculus

Overview of Calculus Overview of Clculus June 6, 2016 1 Limits Clculus begins with the notion of limit. In symbols, lim f(x) = L x c In wors, however close you emn tht the function f evlute t x, f(x), to be to the limit L

More information

Part 4. Integration (with Proofs)

Part 4. Integration (with Proofs) Prt 4. Integrtion (with Proofs) 4.1 Definition Definition A prtition P of [, b] is finite set of points {x 0, x 1,..., x n } with = x 0 < x 1

More information

Math 520 Final Exam Topic Outline Sections 1 3 (Xiao/Dumas/Liaw) Spring 2008

Math 520 Final Exam Topic Outline Sections 1 3 (Xiao/Dumas/Liaw) Spring 2008 Mth 520 Finl Exm Topic Outline Sections 1 3 (Xio/Dums/Liw) Spring 2008 The finl exm will be held on Tuesdy, My 13, 2-5pm in 117 McMilln Wht will be covered The finl exm will cover the mteril from ll of

More information

Activities. 4.1 Pythagoras' Theorem 4.2 Spirals 4.3 Clinometers 4.4 Radar 4.5 Posting Parcels 4.6 Interlocking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes and Solutions

Activities. 4.1 Pythagoras' Theorem 4.2 Spirals 4.3 Clinometers 4.4 Radar 4.5 Posting Parcels 4.6 Interlocking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes and Solutions MEP: Demonstrtion Projet UNIT 4: Trigonometry UNIT 4 Trigonometry tivities tivities 4. Pythgors' Theorem 4.2 Spirls 4.3 linometers 4.4 Rdr 4.5 Posting Prels 4.6 Interloking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes nd

More information

Introduction to Olympiad Inequalities

Introduction to Olympiad Inequalities Introdution to Olympid Inequlities Edutionl Studies Progrm HSSP Msshusetts Institute of Tehnology Snj Simonovikj Spring 207 Contents Wrm up nd Am-Gm inequlity 2. Elementry inequlities......................

More information

How do we solve these things, especially when they get complicated? How do we know when a system has a solution, and when is it unique?

How do we solve these things, especially when they get complicated? How do we know when a system has a solution, and when is it unique? XII. LINEAR ALGEBRA: SOLVING SYSTEMS OF EQUATIONS Tody we re going to tlk out solving systems of liner equtions. These re prolems tht give couple of equtions with couple of unknowns, like: 6= x + x 7=

More information

2.4 Linear Inequalities and Interval Notation

2.4 Linear Inequalities and Interval Notation .4 Liner Inequlities nd Intervl Nottion We wnt to solve equtions tht hve n inequlity symol insted of n equl sign. There re four inequlity symols tht we will look t: Less thn , Less thn or

More information

Discrete Mathematics and Probability Theory Spring 2013 Anant Sahai Lecture 17

Discrete Mathematics and Probability Theory Spring 2013 Anant Sahai Lecture 17 EECS 70 Discrete Mthemtics nd Proility Theory Spring 2013 Annt Shi Lecture 17 I.I.D. Rndom Vriles Estimting the is of coin Question: We wnt to estimte the proportion p of Democrts in the US popultion,

More information

Type 2: Improper Integrals with Infinite Discontinuities

Type 2: Improper Integrals with Infinite Discontinuities mth imroer integrls: tye 6 Tye : Imroer Integrls with Infinite Disontinuities A seond wy tht funtion n fil to be integrble in the ordinry sense is tht it my hve n infinite disontinuity (vertil symtote)

More information

Section 6: Area, Volume, and Average Value

Section 6: Area, Volume, and Average Value Chpter The Integrl Applied Clculus Section 6: Are, Volume, nd Averge Vlue Are We hve lredy used integrls to find the re etween the grph of function nd the horizontl xis. Integrls cn lso e used to find

More information

Polynomial Approximations for the Natural Logarithm and Arctangent Functions. Math 230

Polynomial Approximations for the Natural Logarithm and Arctangent Functions. Math 230 Polynomil Approimtions for the Nturl Logrithm nd Arctngent Functions Mth 23 You recll from first semester clculus how one cn use the derivtive to find n eqution for the tngent line to function t given

More information

MATH 122, Final Exam

MATH 122, Final Exam MATH, Finl Exm Winter Nme: Setion: You must show ll of your work on the exm pper, legily n in etil, to reeive reit. A formul sheet is tthe.. (7 pts eh) Evlute the following integrls. () 3x + x x Solution.

More information

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES. Two liner equtions in the sme two vriles re lled pir of liner equtions in two vriles. The most generl form of pir of liner equtions is x + y + 0 x + y + 0 where,,,,,,

More information

Section 4: Integration ECO4112F 2011

Section 4: Integration ECO4112F 2011 Reding: Ching Chpter Section : Integrtion ECOF Note: These notes do not fully cover the mteril in Ching, ut re ment to supplement your reding in Ching. Thus fr the optimistion you hve covered hs een sttic

More information

This enables us to also express rational numbers other than natural numbers, for example:

This enables us to also express rational numbers other than natural numbers, for example: Overview Study Mteril Business Mthemtis 05-06 Alger The Rel Numers The si numers re,,3,4, these numers re nturl numers nd lso lled positive integers. The positive integers, together with the negtive integers

More information

Chapter 9 Definite Integrals

Chapter 9 Definite Integrals Chpter 9 Definite Integrls In the previous chpter we found how to tke n ntiderivtive nd investigted the indefinite integrl. In this chpter the connection etween ntiderivtives nd definite integrls is estlished

More information

Suppose we want to find the area under the parabola and above the x axis, between the lines x = 2 and x = -2.

Suppose we want to find the area under the parabola and above the x axis, between the lines x = 2 and x = -2. Mth 43 Section 6. Section 6.: Definite Integrl Suppose we wnt to find the re of region tht is not so nicely shped. For exmple, consider the function shown elow. The re elow the curve nd ove the x xis cnnot

More information

MA123, Chapter 10: Formulas for integrals: integrals, antiderivatives, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (pp.

MA123, Chapter 10: Formulas for integrals: integrals, antiderivatives, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (pp. MA123, Chpter 1: Formuls for integrls: integrls, ntiderivtives, nd the Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus (pp. 27-233, Gootmn) Chpter Gols: Assignments: Understnd the sttement of the Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus.

More information

x ) dx dx x sec x over the interval (, ).

x ) dx dx x sec x over the interval (, ). Curve on 6 For -, () Evlute the integrl, n (b) check your nswer by ifferentiting. ( ). ( ). ( ).. 6. sin cos 7. sec csccot 8. sec (sec tn ) 9. sin csc. Evlute the integrl sin by multiplying the numertor

More information

APPENDIX. Precalculus Review D.1. Real Numbers and the Real Number Line

APPENDIX. Precalculus Review D.1. Real Numbers and the Real Number Line APPENDIX D Preclculus Review APPENDIX D.1 Rel Numers n the Rel Numer Line Rel Numers n the Rel Numer Line Orer n Inequlities Asolute Vlue n Distnce Rel Numers n the Rel Numer Line Rel numers cn e represente

More information

PHYS 4390: GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE 6: TENSOR CALCULUS

PHYS 4390: GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE 6: TENSOR CALCULUS PHYS 4390: GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE 6: TENSOR CALCULUS To strt on tensor clculus, we need to define differentition on mnifold.a good question to sk is if the prtil derivtive of tensor tensor on mnifold?

More information

Designing Information Devices and Systems I Discussion 8B

Designing Information Devices and Systems I Discussion 8B Lst Updted: 2018-10-17 19:40 1 EECS 16A Fll 2018 Designing Informtion Devices nd Systems I Discussion 8B 1. Why Bother With Thévenin Anywy? () Find Thévenin eqiuvlent for the circuit shown elow. 2kΩ 5V

More information

Calculus Cheat Sheet. Integrals Definitions. where F( x ) is an anti-derivative of f ( x ). Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. dx = f x dx g x dx

Calculus Cheat Sheet. Integrals Definitions. where F( x ) is an anti-derivative of f ( x ). Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. dx = f x dx g x dx Clulus Chet Sheet Integrls Definitions Definite Integrl: Suppose f ( ) is ontinuous Anti-Derivtive : An nti-derivtive of f ( ) on [, ]. Divide [, ] into n suintervls of is funtion, F( ), suh tht F = f.

More information

Read section 3.3, 3.4 Announcements:

Read section 3.3, 3.4 Announcements: Dte: 3/1/13 Objective: SWBAT pply properties of exponentil functions nd will pply properties of rithms. Bell Ringer: 1. f x = 3x 6, find the inverse, f 1 x., Using your grphing clcultor, Grph 1. f x,f

More information

Math 270A: Numerical Linear Algebra

Math 270A: Numerical Linear Algebra Mth 70A: Numericl Liner Algebr Instructor: Michel Holst Fll Qurter 014 Homework Assignment #3 Due Give to TA t lest few dys before finl if you wnt feedbck. Exercise 3.1. (The Bsic Liner Method for Liner

More information

Review of Calculus, cont d

Review of Calculus, cont d Jim Lmbers MAT 460 Fll Semester 2009-10 Lecture 3 Notes These notes correspond to Section 1.1 in the text. Review of Clculus, cont d Riemnn Sums nd the Definite Integrl There re mny cses in which some

More information

Z b. f(x)dx. Yet in the above two cases we know what f(x) is. Sometimes, engineers want to calculate an area by computing I, but...

Z b. f(x)dx. Yet in the above two cases we know what f(x) is. Sometimes, engineers want to calculate an area by computing I, but... Chpter 7 Numericl Methods 7. Introduction In mny cses the integrl f(x)dx cn be found by finding function F (x) such tht F 0 (x) =f(x), nd using f(x)dx = F (b) F () which is known s the nlyticl (exct) solution.

More information

4 7x =250; 5 3x =500; Read section 3.3, 3.4 Announcements: Bell Ringer: Use your calculator to solve

4 7x =250; 5 3x =500; Read section 3.3, 3.4 Announcements: Bell Ringer: Use your calculator to solve Dte: 3/14/13 Objective: SWBAT pply properties of exponentil functions nd will pply properties of rithms. Bell Ringer: Use your clcultor to solve 4 7x =250; 5 3x =500; HW Requests: Properties of Log Equtions

More information

Solutions for HW9. Bipartite: put the red vertices in V 1 and the black in V 2. Not bipartite!

Solutions for HW9. Bipartite: put the red vertices in V 1 and the black in V 2. Not bipartite! Solutions for HW9 Exerise 28. () Drw C 6, W 6 K 6, n K 5,3. C 6 : W 6 : K 6 : K 5,3 : () Whih of the following re iprtite? Justify your nswer. Biprtite: put the re verties in V 1 n the lk in V 2. Biprtite:

More information

Algorithm Design and Analysis

Algorithm Design and Analysis Algorithm Design nd Anlysis LECTURE 8 Mx. lteness ont d Optiml Ching Adm Smith 9/12/2008 A. Smith; sed on slides y E. Demine, C. Leiserson, S. Rskhodnikov, K. Wyne Sheduling to Minimizing Lteness Minimizing

More information

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as Improper Integrls Two different types of integrls cn qulify s improper. The first type of improper integrl (which we will refer to s Type I) involves evluting n integrl over n infinite region. In the grph

More information