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Transcription

1 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; OP T - U6 R - V OPQ# 9>) W)R> 9- /E N- A - 9;X 9+) 9-9YX - WA ) "A) M /; N Z 56 9TY- [A Z YX N- / /; /PX #RQ-! "#$% &( ; /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # )RT- O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ E a,c $ + 6>, SPS < N% (SPS) " "- /*+ (/;-, &-" 9c &, 9 )!" X6)/)R- /)> []6#X!; + 9 /*+ 7YX M, &-" - 6 9@ "5 P )e- 75 #X` 6#$% 9-"c G7M < a C#, ;? O-P? f SPSg) $d / O-, 7 N/ "? > f / 9- T ; (E< > " 9-9YX - SPS P, &-" ]Z- O!< 8 9> *), ]< 7MQ# e < # ; O-P AB? f $$ OPQ# 9> O- /*+? H - QG? G f?> Q$ ;ZXE < OPQ# C T) 7/ Q ` #X KA GF?/ &?$/ )# E 6MM *+ D h5, 9- SPS "Y C M )# 5M?" [] fma SPS a,c ( / #> N-!< ) C Z ;G 6UB LKKIJK 9c kv PQ#!< # ;ZXE OPQ# # ; ip )? - fm O/A O+ SPS +- $W> + 6> /)> OP #X < /PX"c NMG 6 6 SPS D, &-" &, M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ M # M9 C O-#, M>, &-" (- -( / 6; 9- D#E < 9-, &-" 6#$% % &-" / SPS /) > < 5 R #; SPS9- ) # 78 QG > *+ []6 Gg (GRS)GF &?$/ E *+ () *+,- / jt #; - (SPS) &%"# $#??$e C?/ ZY(G + M()+T6 MR- ]E ()E,?- -8 9; / -X 9; jt #; M# *h ]E 9> 9GG?$ E?,?AG )*+,!"- / jt #; -?/ 7/ & M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M %" M5 *- GRS D, SPS C AB 5"65 & R>"$!G N & $ # SPS % & < &-" "- *+ SPS Q"E " "- *+, / 6 ^ SPS - 9Q 56, U?/ +,- 6) () &?< 9Q * + +,- T V< < + U?/ 6 U# &S?< E?, ]E?E \ & U+ i]e C & ZY(G?> #W XE 6! SPS 6 "?(? & /??$ V< \ &?< N!>, [ 7$?< ^ 6 / - 7??$< ]< XE V<, $ M V<? a? G 9 ` ) D#E wwwiaeee-iranorg?#@ + /? /+ - E 9>, % - -> (-?$^ -(, O?AG /?, E N V<,?G ]E?E > \ 657 VE C E 5 &?< a /,!< % VE E "!; ` SPS, &-"?<!< XE 6 &?< a Digsilen 5 a, &-"!< [] <!< AB" 65 75?< &< ^ SPS $ + 6> 6 / G 7 " SPS, &-" /6 a G R> "$ & "5 SPS $ + 6>?< "< "? 9> 6 ^?, 6; 6 "5 >, &-" 6 (5 6MG "?$ N, SPS, 6;? 6 &?< a!< C NMG ba?< "< $$ $/?G ^ ]E V< 6 > 6 &?< "< MATLAB 5 a $ + G < a? " SPS $ + 6>,!<? a C NMG $ + 6> #A] SPS, QG &?< a ;,, b N - Sysem Proecion Scheme - Generaor Rejecion Scheme (GRS) - Special Proecion Scheme,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" Q #RQ- () *+,- / #/ O#+P - M

2 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; Mero OP T - General U6 L R - V OPQ# 9>) W)R> 9- /E N- A - General 9;X L 9+) 9-9YX - 8 Q #RQ- ( 9; () *+,- / #/ O#+P - M G G ~ ~ 66 MGMG O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ Kan Firouzbahram WA ) "A) M /; N Z 56 9TY- [A Z YX N- / /; /PX #RQ- Monazer Ghaem Kan() Vardavard 5 Kan MQ# # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- Exernal Grid 5 9 /)> #X + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c 5 5 G ~ Firouzi Rey-Shomali Manavi 58 ( N- ) Z 5+ 6UB 9c PQ# Line Doushanapeh Line() M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- Synchrono (M,- / /+ M M9 O-# M> (- -( 9- D#E 9- G ~ General Load Firouz Bahram Raiae Roudshour 8 9> *) Vardavard Vardavard Kan Ziaran Namayeshgah Tehranpars 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX - Firouzi? f?> FirouzBahram ;ZXE OPQ# T) Manavi Q #X KA?/ )# Ozgul Al-ghadir Qheyarieh ; /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # )RT- G Besa Besa() ~ Kalan() 56 Tehranpars Tehranpars () *+,- / General Rey() L jt #; - G ~ Kalan Kalan G ~ Rey Reyshomali "Y M )# Rey-shoumali # ;ZXE OPQ# Firouz-bahram# ; ip )? fm Doushanapeh O/A O+ +- W> /)> #X /PX"c Besa Mosalla Ghourkhaneh 69 Rey-shoumali 7 Moshirieh Rey,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" P ]Z- O 8 /) > (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- 6MM h M()+T6 MR- ()E?- -8 9; / -X 9; M 5 #; 9- ) # 78 > jt #; M# *- jt #; - M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M M5 *- 6 $ # % & / ,- ) () * + +,- Jalal G ~ Synchrono Digsilen 5a ]E CG a () N< &M?/ ( SPS < (I)N< 895 &7 6, % SPS AB #A]!< N ) VE D#E wwwiaeee-iranorg /? JK VE ]E, %?#@ 9AB- -,- / /+ - -!< ]E CG a (k) N<?< (LKKIJKkV) /@$ /??<,?$$ E VE 6 E OR > VE) JL VE 6 &?< l5!<?/ (?< O, E #G 6 (N, )R> "$ AND 6 J & / E < VE) JK VE ]E, % V< E?< / ba < & 6 VE E (a;,5 ) R>"$ AND /6 AND /6 "?/ h b? R> "$!G N & J I &/?&?< & ou of voing scheme o C o o /, G m?/e O, E G? &?<?/E " ",, E ` o G nkk & C R> "$ & < l5, E < R> "$ & B" /GF l5?< G LKK? N< < pg &? & /GF GRS D, SPS C G JK VE ]E, 9> -> (- -(

3 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; SPS " c?q?" U #RQ- N(G 9; () *+,- / #/ O#+P - M - OP w"y T %$ - U6 c R,!G - V " OPQ# c?< 9>) #G W)R> 9- /E N- A - 9;X 9+) 9-9YX - AND LWA? C ) " "A) 6A M / /; `M N SPS?< Z 56 9TY- [A R> "$ Z YX N- / /; /PX #RQ- ou OR AND of Q$ 6A &?$/ ( d 6 &?< w#g ; dddd /PX > / \) 9-,- ]A# voing # )RTschem A OR Q$ O $# - (/;Z# d ` % 9a# -?< X ; OR # 9 /)E N- X6 K AND Z 95X)/- ^ D E $# d k D E $# d 6 (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)Ra;),5 %$ 6A &?$/ ( d, d, d 9GG / /)> #X I + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- SPS T a ; (I)N< (E > 9-9YX -?$< AND P ]Z- O 8 9> *) 7MQ# # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- &? f SPS?> FMEA ;ZXE (k)@? OPQ# T) Q #X KA?/ )# 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M E h Q$ E E 6A Q$ ( U+ C N-,, 6 ) ; Z 5+ SPS 6UB $ + 6> 9c, PQ# # (per ;ZXE day) OPQ# # ; ip )? fm O/A U+ O+,?/ +- W> &?$^ /)> SPS #X qm% " M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ OR M M9 6 O-# a,c C M>! (- M -(, 9- D#E g" 9- OR AND /) -"Y > /r SPS 5 $ #; + 6> 9- ), # 78 > G9 $ r () U *+ r,- /r / jt [sl] #; - + M()+T6 MR- ()E AND?- -8" 9; / < -X ` 9; -U 898 r jt bu]# #; M#, 6*- U fma SPS %QE jt G #; \ - SPS c (I)@? M7 /M> 9;, /a M 978% jt #;M G M5 SPS *- S KkKK )KKkK)KKKk S KKKK S kkkk S KIKK)KKIK)KKKI FMEA ;<* && $ # % & S5 KkkK)KkKk)KKkk S IKKK & 6A SPS %$ a G? FMEA N(G $ / ,- ) () * + +,- S7 kkkk)kkkk)kkkk S6 )KKkI)KIKk)KKIk #G E /h E c a G Q$ / KkIK)KIkK)KkKI S9 KIIK)KIKI)KKII S8 IkKK)IKkK)IKKk C AND Q$ J OR Q$ C N< `M SPS S IIKK)IKIK)IKKI S kikk)kkik)kkki o AB?< ou of voing scheme o S ) KkkI)KkIk)KIkk D#E wwwiaeee-iranorg S Kkkk?#@ 9AB- -,- / / > (- -( &?< "5 $ + N> %kkk ou of voing scheme S5 IkkK)IkKk)IKkk S7 )kkki)kikk)kkik S kkkk)kkkk)kkkk S6 KkII)KIkI)KIIk, 6A AND > OR %$ &?< "5 kkik)kikk)kkki S9 KIII S IIIK)IIKI)IKII S Ikkk S5 IkkI)IkIk)IIkk S7 IIIk)IkII)IIkI S9 IIII S8 )IKkI)IIKk)IKIk IkIK)IIkK)IkKI S kiik)kiki)kkii S kkkk S kkki)kkik)kikk S6 kkii)kiki)kiik S8 kiii k ( K 6A / Q$ E E 6A 6 / Q$ E 6A a E 6A 6 )K )k )I?< (k)@? v] FMEA m5 - Failure Mode & Effec Analysis,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M"?)#5 >"5 ;<* &&

4 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; -& SPS G 5 #RQ-?$" G () *+,,- / SPS #/ 6A D O#+P - MbA / OP T G- U6 /6A R, E - V % OPQ# 9>) G W)R> nk G 9-? /E N- A 7B AND - 9;X / 6 9+) 9- ^ 9YX - - WA 7/, ) 6A "A) kl M SPS/; 6A N JK aw Z 56 9TY- [A Z 7/ YX (I) / v] /; 6A /PX JK#RQ- 6A ;? /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # )RTv] U a G 6A Tx G O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ S S S S S S S S (T)N< (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- S S S 6 S6 S 7 S7 S 8 8 S /)> #X + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c S 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M ( N- ) Z 5+ 6UB 9c PQ# S 5 /) > #; 9- ) # 78 > () *+,- / jt #; - S S S S S S7 S 8 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX - S 5 S5, S, S, S, S5, S, S, S, S 5 P ]Z- O 8 9> *) 7MQ# # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- S 9 S9, S6, S9, S, S, S 6, S7, S 8, S 9? f?> ;ZXE OPQ# T) Q #X KA?/ )# (L)N< v] U &?< & S S S S S 6 a G ba S S 7 + M()+T6 MR- ()E?- -8 9; / -X 9; SPS-U 898 a (J)N< jt #; M# *- jt #; - S 8 C,C,C,C &y SPS 6A Tx G $d / M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M M5 *- " 6A / z {?$"?$" S < a S $ # S % & } C / - S 56 +,- ) () * + +,- S }?/ ~G &?< & U a (L)N< 6 /@$, $)?/ ~G &!"< -B > CD5 &A&A (?< OR "< [,G GRS %$ E < l5 ~G C C 6 ) D#E, wwwiaeee-iranorg, N!> Q$ " l5?$<?#@ 9AB- --,- ~G / SPS -@$ } - -> (-?/ -( > 657?/ 5 F( ) e d e (k) G B N (G OG (L)N< G ^ %$?< " B ik B ii k 6A i 6A, " k ) (i 6A, " kl ] kl?$^ 6, / h) 6A) 6A SPS A, < l5 $#?< ( S?/ } C?/ }?/ } C?/ } < N%,?$" " C S, S5, S7, S, S, S, S, S5, S7, S, S, S, S5 C S, S, S, S6 C None C S, S8, S9, S, S6, S8, S9, S, S, S6, S7, S8, S9,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" # ;ZXE OPQ# # ; ip )? fm O/A O+ +- W> /)> #X /PX"c M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ M M9 O-# M> (- -( 9- D#E 9-

5 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; () () () [ Pr ( S ) Pr ( S ) Pr ( )] VE ]E, Q!<) #RQ- #A] ( 6MG 9;!< () *+ () Pr,- / #/ S O#+P - M [ OP " T < - U6 & R 7 - ] FV OPQ#?<? 9>) JK W)R> 9- /E N- A - 9;X 9+) 9-9YX - WA ) "A) M /; 6, &, m 6< N /E, O w"y " ba E,E \ Z 56 9TY- [A Z YX N- / /; /PX #RQ- ; /PX ( m) () m Pr [ Pr( S ) / Pr( S ) \) Pr( 9- S,- ) ] Pr B ]A# # VE E JK VE ]E (I) )RT- E O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ VE E a? JK VE ]E a? E 6< /E, &, m, O " (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- H # %">)58 ; G9* &&E Pr( C) Pr( S ) + Pr( S 5) + Pr( S 7) + Pr( S ) /)> #X + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c + Pr( S ) 7M 6# ;, O-P,? SPS f g) C N O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX - Pr( C ) Pr( S ) + Pr( S ) + Pr( S ) + Pr( S 6) P ba ]Z-?$ O N 8 9> A *)?/ h JK 7MQ# VE ]E )k # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- SPS Pr( )? f?> ;ZXE OPQ# T) Q #X KA?/ )# 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M < E?, G? R> "$ & N 6 Pr( C ) Pr( S ) + Pr( S 8) + Pr( S 9) + Pr( S ) ( N- + Pr( S ) ) Z 5+ 6UB 9c PQ#?$ N " SPS?/ h JK VE ]E )I # ;ZXE OPQ# # ; ip )? fm O/A O+ +- W> /)> #X /PX"c, G? GF C A 6 &?< G? 6A CD5&E& M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ M M9 O-# M> (- -( 9- D#E 9- C ba?$ N SPS 6 &?< E? A?/? h VE R]E )J qm% C, C, C, C / " w#g G /) > #; 9- ) # 78 > SPS,?< C & SPS 6A 6 #> SPS () *+,- / jt #; - 6 &?< E?, GF JK VE ]E?E, " i c + M()+T6 MR- ()E?- -8 9; / -X 9; jt #; M# *-, % C G 5 N G ba?$ N % W?/ ~G jt GF #; - 6, &, m 6<b, O SPS $ + 6> M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M M5 *- Risk( K T ) Risk( Pr( T Im( T $ # % &(J) R Pr( C ) 6 &?( "5 SPS %$ #G AB / + Pr( K T Ei - ) Im( K 56 T Ei +,- ) ) () * + +,- / SPS 6 &?< l5 l " ba?< #G 8 ^ ƒ# 9 %$ )- >?&?< "5, w#g 5! 6<b, O $ + 6> 6 SPS $ + 6>? h K "5, k, N%5 C (GF C ~G) SPS N T mj s 6< /E?<, ) % D#E G wwwiaeee-iranorg Pr( K T! (J)@5?#@ 9AB- -,- / / > (- -( &E V > Pr( K T Pr( T Pr( K ( T ) B? Im( T R> "$ (L)(J) ;A5, Pr( K ( T ) &?AG *] a G (L) CD5 &&E C! M Pr( T Pr( T Im( K T 6 &?< &^ 5 B! M &M?<! M?/ SPS " $ + 6>, "5 c " 6 a,c >,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" / C a " NA / $ Q"> NR " ƒp%, 6! C < w#g [I]6A ^, < Q"> m 6A +, /a? SPS C, < Pr( T Ei ) Pr( T CD5 &&&E F) G9* &&E 5

6 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; Q #RQ- ( CD5 9; 7&A&I () *+ " L,- / SPS w"y #/ / 56 6A 78 O#+P ^ - M Pr( K ( T ), OP T - U6 R - V OPQ# 9>) W)R> 9- /E < N- A " -?&?< 9;X & > 9+) C,,C 9-9YX " Pr( K ( T ) ag WA ) "A) M /; N Z 56 Pr( 9TY- T [A Pr(( T Z Ei YX ) ( CN- C/ C C/; ) /PX #RQ- QY( 6 & N SPS & h Ei \ 6 ; /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # (s) )RT- Pr( T Ei Cj) Pr( Ei Cj) Pr( T ( Ei Cj)) a,c Pr( K ( T E))! M?< Pr( K ( T E)) j j O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ *] SPS "5?!< 6 Pr( Pr( Cj)Pr( T ( Ei Cj)) (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- JK VE w"y ]E, & w"y /)>?AG #X + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c 9GG / 67M?? ; "?AG O-P q] /? f g) &,!< O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX - P ]Z- 6 O &?< 8 &^ 9> 7Y *), 7MQ#!< g" # ^ ; Pr( O-P T? Pr( f Pr( g);zxe Cj) Pr( T ( EiOPQ# Cj)) O- ( )? f?> ;ZXE OPQ# T) Q #X KA?/ )# 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M Im( K T Im( T CD5 &&&E Pr( E i )?< N!> / 7Y Pr(Cj)! M &M ( N- ) Z 5+ 6UB 9c PQ# #G JK VE ]E D> h G G # ;ZXE, w#g OPQ# Im( K T # Im( ; T ip! M ) 6;? fm O/A O+ +- W> /)> #X /PX"c M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ 6 &?< M "5 Pr( E ) Pr( F M9 ) eo-# M> (- -( 9- D#E 9- j j Pr( E ) P r( F ) e R>"$ & B" GF,? ou /) > #; 9- ) # 78 >?$< O, E?, 6A?< () JK *+ VE ]E,- D> / h 5 #; - & B" GF +, M()+T6, MR-? ()E?- -8 9; ou / -X 9; Pr( T ( Ei Cj)) $# jt #; &? M# > ag *-?< O, E SPS 6A R>"$ jt #; - SPS & h Ei \ 6, " $/Case 9 GF,? & $/ M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M M5 *- Cos 6- G ba?< Cj 6A $/MWh 9 ˆP & $/ & B" GF C, $ # / %?AG & G Pg Cos Pg, j, Pr( T ( E Cj)), j,, j, Pr( T ( E Cj)), j, / ,- ) () R> "$ * + +,- -&?^ 6? C,C,C,C?$& G 5 B h Ei \ 6 "A & m Im( T C & G?< j & h E ">? ba 6 & N SPS & - "?B O?/ ~G SPS < " Im( T Cos + Cos ( ) ou Pg 9GG / < ) D#E h 6 "A wwwiaeee-iranorg?#@ 9AB- -,- / / > (- -( Ei & m Im( K T, j, Pr( T ( E Cj)), j, ba 6 & h? & N SPS& > Im( K T E) Cos + Cos ou ( Pg + Pg ) Im( K T E ) (n) SPS & / " C G J)L?$ G " $ ƒ w"y?ag *] SPS? " C 6 a,c C ^ 6? QG 6 a,c / ba < $ -% SPS " (J)@5, j, Pr( T ( E Cj)), j, v] Pr( T Ei ) Pr( T B ƒ (s)( )! M 6; a,c ;A " (J)@? Pr( T E) Pr( E)[Pr( C ) + Pr( C )] Pr( T E) Pr( E)[Pr( C) + Pr( C)] Pr( T E) Pr( E)[Pr( C ) + Pr( C )] Pr( T E) Pr( E)[Pr( C) + Pr( C)],- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M"?<?$/E - Redispaching 6

7 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; &-" % A Q R> #RQ- "$ ( & 9;? () *+,- / #/ O#+P - M Risk( K) Risk( Pr( K Im( K (Š) OP T - U6 R? - V -% " SPS 9>), W)R> 9- /E N- A - 9;X 9+) 9-9YX - Pr( E)Pr( K E)Im( K E) WA ) "A) M /; N Z 56 9TY- [A Z YX N- / /; /PX #RQ-, G, G $M$ U+, ; /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # )RT- ]E D> 6A R> "$ & B" /GF O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; Im( K E# ) 9 Im( /)E K T EN- ) X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ ŠK%) IKMW?AG q] SPS a? Pr( K E) Pr( K ( T E)) (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- /?/ ( (R> "$ &?> /)> #X *] + G 7YX M SPS? - 9@ C P )e-?b #X` $ 9-"c a? % GF G, 6 ZY( N< 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- T ;! M (E & > w"y 9-?AG 9YX - b? e &! 6 P ]Z- O 8 9> *) 7MQ# # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- 6 &?< % K* &J? f?> ;ZXE OPQ# T) Q #X KA?/ )# 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M /GF, G, &?$/ ( ( )N< ( N- QG SPS ) Z G c &-" PQ# # ;ZXE & OPQ# / b \ # R> ; "$ ip & ) B"? fm & O/A < O+ & SPS +- W> /)> &, #X % /PX"c N< M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- /(M?<,- IKMW /?AG /+ q] M SPS < & 5 M9 + O-# 6 M> (- -( QG 9- o D#E ( 9- &? pg 9 SPS, &-" 6 ZY( C/) >? QG 5 #; < 9- ) $ # C 78 > 6 &?< R> "$ &?AG () *] *+ 9,- / SPS? SPS jt " #; - + M()+T6 MR- ()E?- -8]B 9; $ / -X 9; E jt ]B #; OP M# *- / ,- ) () * ba + 6 SPS+,-? " [s] MG Roor angle wih reference o reference machine angle in deg SPS a? 6A /GF G, (s)n<?#@ 9AB- -,- / / > (- -(,!< Digsilen 5a, AB > $ 6 &?< &-" ) D#E wwwiaeee-iranorg [s] MG Roor angle wih reference o reference machine angle in deg SPS 6A /GF G, ( )N<, G?AG *] e ƒy" jt $; #; 5 -, M7 "( SPS /M> " C 9; M 978 jt #;M E M5 ]B *- DIgSILENT DIgSILENT SPS &,?! ba 6 SPS? " C E ]B, Gc?AG *] < & C, " SPS " C < SPS 8 & 9 &, )-? M+ ;D*&L SPS &&L OP 6 &?< ^ + &?< Digsilen % 6 ^ AB m5 "5 LKKMW,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" $ # % &? % R>"$ &?, #G 6 N, R> "$ VE 6 &?< ]E?E,!<?# 6 &?< E VE E (a;,5 )R> "$) JK VE g" 6 &?<,!< SPS? SPS " SPS??/ (,!< 7

8 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#; Q JK#RQ- VE ( ]E 9; D> \ () *+??E,- " (L)@? #/ O#+P - M WA ( MW)?AG q] ) "A) 8 M 79/; 78 N Z TY- 7 [A 7 69 Z YX N- 66 / 65 /; 6 /PX 6#RQ Pr( K ( T E)) (%) ; /PX / \) 9-,- ]A# # )RT- O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; # 9 /)E N- X6 K Z 95X)/- ^ kk MW 6 $; 5 ]B )J )L 7Y Pr( K ( T E))! M $ $d / (/;- 9c 9 X6)/)R- % SPS QG!?AG *]!<?< `M ^ I)J /)> #X + 7YX M - 9@ P )e- #X` 9-"c 6, SPS a? 6A R> "$ & w"y 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX " &?<,!< JK VE w"y N%5 ]E D> 6 P kk ]Z- MW O, 8 " 9> R> *) "$ & 7MQ#?AG q] $/ # ; O-P? f g);zxe OPQ# O- 6 &?< &^ 6??AG q] /??E "<?? &, f?> SPS G ;ZXE OPQ# W 5 Q? #X KA?/ )# 6MM h5 9- "Y M )# 5M 6 &?< R (L)@?,!< g" C 75 ` SPS, &-" V<, (?< N- ) Z 5+ 6UB 9c PQ# SPS # ;ZXE, &-" OPQ# % LK MW # ;?AG ip q] ) <? fm O/A %O+ K* +- W> /)> #X /PX"c &&L M?#@, 9AB $d M(L)#X- /? (M 75,- kš/ / $/hr /+ &,? M C MATLAB 5a M9 O-#, &-" M> (- JLs-( /?$ 9- G D#E 6 kkmw, "( &?AG q] /) QG > C66669 $ + 6> 5 #; NMG 9-6; ) # 78 > V<,?< "< &, SPS G /6 E () h *+,- 6 / &?< "< SPS jt #; -?AG q] <+ C M()+T6 7/ ` MR- SPS ()E?- -8( 9; ) JK/ VE -X ]E 9;, h ( jt,, #;, ) M# OR AND *sš/n $/hr " C SPS, &-" % 8 MW /$/ (, ou ou ) /GF O, E jt /, #; -? 7/! M7 M?$ /M> 65 9; M 978 $ jt #;M (Cos,Cos) M5 *- SPS $ + 6> & a C $ + 6> $ # % & $; 5 ]B SPS? SPS " C / / ,- ) () * + +,-?$ R E $ /65 per day / 65 per day e per hour?#@ 9AB- -,- ou / hr / > (- -( hr ou > Cos 5 $/Case Cos 5 $/MWhr ) D#E wwwiaeee-iranorg " C ( )N< % O+&N?<,!<, N% g" G?G R> "$ & GRS D, a;,5)r>"$ VE E SPS 6 &?< "5, 8 % 9 /" )- "? "; ^ SPS c 6 $d /?$ pg?/ > / < N%, g" 5 /" "5 C 6<b, O SPS $ + 6>!> / 6 A!> N>?B K/Š nn SPS $ + 6> "?B?<?< 9 SPS? SPS " C ( )N< v] R> "$ &?AG q],- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" OP T - U6 R - V OPQ# 9>) W)R> 9- /E N- A - 9;X 9+) 9-9YX -?< )k )I 8

9 () *+,- / 85 #$ 9,- /+ #/ /9/6 I)# 85/67/A#;,- /+ NL # 85 #$E 9 # /# #KL 9- M" Q #RQ- () *+ (,- C / NMG $ #/ + 6> 56 78, O#+P N% - g" M OP T - U6 R - V OPQ# 9>) W)R>! $ $ > /E, N- ^ E A "E - 9;X NA? SPS 9+) 9-9YX - WA ) "A) M /; N Z 56 99TY- $ V< [A Z ^ YX, &-" N- / 6 /; E( /PX #RQ- K/Š nn ) ; /PX, $ < / " \) C 9-,- N> 7/ ]A# # 9 )RT- O - (/;Z# ` 9a# - X ; $; 5 # 9 ]B /)E, Gc N-?AG X6 *] K [> Z 995X)/- $ V< ^ kk MW?AG q] (/;- SPS 9c $; 5 9 X6)/)R- ]B 6 /)> #X + 7YX M -?< 9@ P )e- R> "$ #X` & 9-"c 7M # ; O-P? f g) O- N/? f 9- T ; (E > 9-9YX - P ]Z- O 8 9> *) 7MQ# # ; O-P? f g);zxe QR5 &POPQ# O-? f?> ;ZXE OPQ# T) Q #X [] KA NERC?/ Planning )# 6MM Sandards (draf),997 h5 9- "Y M )# 5M [] W fu, S Zhao, J Mccalley, V Vial, and N Abi- ( Samra N-, Risk assessmen ) Z for 5+ special 6UB proecion 9c sysems, PQ# IEEE Trans Power Sysems, vol 7, pp 6-7, Feb # ;ZXE OPQ# # ; ip )? fm [] P O/A M O+ Anderson +- and W> B K /)> LeReverend, #X Indusry /PX"c experience wih special proecion schemes, IEEE Trans M?#@ 9AB M(L)#X- (M,- / /+ M M9 O-# M> (- -( 9- D#E 9- Power Sysems, vol, pp 66-79, Aug 996 [] J /) Mccalley > and W Fu, Reliabiliy 5 #; of 9- special ) # 78 > proecion sysems, IEEE Trans Power Sysems, vol, pp ( -6, 9; () nov *+ 999,- / jt #; - [5] R Billinon, R Allan, Reliabiliy Evaluaion of Power + M()+T6 MR- ()E?- -8Sysems, 9; / -X Plenum 9; Press, New York, jt 98 #; M# *- jt #; - M7 /M> 9; M 978 jt #;M M5 *- $ # % & / ,- ) () * + +,- ) D#E?#@ 9AB- -,- / / > (- -( > wwwiaeee-iranorg 9