2 (Total 1 mark) D. 30 N kg 1 (Total 1 mark)
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1 1. A spherical planet of uniform density has three times the mass of the Earth and twice the average radius. The magnitude of the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is g. What is the gravitational field strength at the surface of the planet? A. 6 g 2 B. g 3 3 C. g 4 3 D. g 2 (Total 1 mark) 2. A spacecraft travels away from Earth in a straight line with its motors shut down. At one instant the speed of the spacecraft is 5.4 km s 1. After a time of 600 s, the speed is 5.1 km s 1. The average gravitational field strength acting on the spacecraft during this time interval is A N kg 1 B N kg 1 C N kg 1 D. 30 N kg 1 (Total 1 mark) 3. A long straight wire carries an electric current perpendicularly out of the paper. Which of the following represents the magnetic field pattern due to the current? (Total 1 mark) IB Questionbank Physics 1
2 4. This question is about gravitational fields. Define gravitational field strength (b) The gravitational field strength at the surface of Jupiter is 25 N kg 1 and the radius of Jupiter is m. (i) Derive an expression for the gravitational field strength at the surface of a planet in terms of its mass M, its radius R and the gravitational constant G. (ii) Use your expression in (b)(i) above to estimate the mass of Jupiter. (Total 6 marks) IB Questionbank Physics 2
3 5. This question is about gravitational and electric fields. The equation for the magnitude of the gravitational field strength due to a point mass may be written as below. Y = KX 2 s The equation for the magnitude of the electric field strength can also be written in the same form. In the table identify the symbols used in the equation. Symbol Gravitational field quantity Electrical field quantity Y K X s (4) (b) The magnitude of the electrostatic force between the proton and electron in a hydrogen atom is F E. The magnitude of the gravitational force between them is F G. Determine the ratio F E. F G (Total 7 marks) IB Questionbank Physics 3
4 6. This question is about a lightning discharge. Define electric field strength (b) A thundercloud can be modelled as a negatively charged plate that is parallel to the ground. The magnitude of the charge on the plate increases due to processes in the atmosphere. Eventually a current discharges from the thundercloud to the ground. On the diagram, draw the electric field pattern between the thundercloud base and the ground. IB Questionbank Physics 4
5 (c) The magnitude of the electric field strength E between two infinite charged parallel plates is given by the expression E = 0 where σ is the charge per unit area on one of the plates. A thundercloud carries a charge of magnitude 35 C spread over its base. The area of the base is m 2. (i) Determine the magnitude of the electric field between the base of the thundercloud and the ground. (ii) State two assumptions made in (c)(i) IB Questionbank Physics 5
6 (iii) When the thundercloud discharges, the average discharge current is 1.8 ka. Estimate the discharge time. (iv) The potential difference between the thundercloud and the ground before discharge is V. Determine the energy released in the discharge. (4) (Total 17 marks) 7. This question is about force fields. Outline what is meant by a field of force IB Questionbank Physics 6
7 (b) Five particles A to E are each placed in a different type of field. Complete the table to identify the nature of the field in which each particle is situated. Particle Charge on particle Initial direction of motion of particle Direction of force on particle Type of field A uncharged stationary in direction of field... B negative along direction of field opposite to direction of field... C positive normal to direction of field normal to direction of field... D positive normal to direction of field in direction of field... E uncharged opposite to direction of field in direction of field... (5) (Total 7 marks) IB Questionbank Physics 7
8 8. This question is about electric charge. A plastic rod XY is held at end X. The end Y is rubbed with a piece of cloth and, as a result, the end Y becomes electrically charged. The procedure is now repeated using a copper rod and it is found that the copper rod remains electrically neutral. Explain these observations in terms of the properties of conductors and insulators (5) IB Questionbank Physics 8
9 (b) Two plastic rods each have a positive charge +q situated at one end. The rods are arranged as shown. Assume that the charge at the end of each rod behaves as a point charge. Draw, in the shaded area on the diagram, the electric field pattern due to the two charges. (Total 7 marks) 9. This question is about electric fields and electric circuits. Two parallel, charged metal plates A and B are in a vacuum. At a particular instant an electron is at point P. IB Questionbank Physics 9
10 On the diagram, draw (i) the electric field pattern due to the plates. (ii) an arrow to represent the direction of the force on the electron at P. (1) (b) The acceleration of the electron at P is m s 2. Determine the magnitude of the electric field strength at the point P (c) The electric potential energy of the electron changes by J as it moves from one plate to the other. Show that the potential difference between the plates is 120 V (1) IB Questionbank Physics 10
11 (d) A resistor R and a filament lamp L are connected in series with a battery. The battery has an emf of 12 V and internal resistance 4.0 Ω. The potential difference across the filament of the lamp is 3.0 V and the current in the filament is 0.25 A. (i) Define emf and describe the concept of internal resistance. emf: Internal resistance: (ii) Calculate the total power supplied by the battery. (1) IB Questionbank Physics 11
12 (iii) Calculate the power dissipated in the external circuit. (iv) Determine the resistance of the resistor R. (Total 16 marks) 10. This question is about electric and gravitational fields State, in terms of electrons, the difference between a conductor and an insulator (1) (b) Suggest why there must be an electric field inside a current-carrying conductor IB Questionbank Physics 12
13 (c) The magnitude of the electric field strength inside a conductor is 55 N C 1. Calculate the force on a free electron in the conductor (1) (d) The electric force between two point charges is a fundamental force as is the gravitational force between two point masses. State one similarity between these two forces and one difference (other than the fact that one applies to charge and the other to mass). Similarity: Difference: (e) The force on a mass of 1.0 kg falling freely near the surface of Jupiter is 25 N. The radius of Jupiter is m. (i) State the value of the magnitude of the gravitational field strength at the surface of Jupiter. (1) (ii) Calculate that the mass of Jupiter is about kg. (Total 10 marks) IB Questionbank Physics 13
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