Electrostatics. 3) positive object: lack of electrons negative object: excess of electrons. Particle Mass Electric Charge. m e = 9.
|
|
- Louise Rodgers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Electrostatics 1) electric charge: 2 types of electric charge: positive and negative 2) charging by friction: transfer of electrons from one object to another 3) positive object: lack of electrons negative object: excess of electrons 4) Types of materials: a) Conductors: materials in which electric charges move freely (e.g. metals, graphite) b) Insulators: materials in which electric charges do not move freely (e.g. plastic, rubber, dry wood, glass, ceramic) c) Semiconductors: materials with electrical properties between those of conductors and insulators (e.g. silicon) d) Superconductors: materials in which electrical charges move without resistance (e.g. some ceramics at very low temperatures) roperties of Atomic articles e = elementary unit of charge (magnitude of charge on electron) article Mass Electric Charge Electron roton m e = x kg m p = x kg q = -e q = x C q = +e q = x C e = 1.60 x C Neutron m n = x kg q = 0 q = 0 C 1. A balloon has gained 2500 electrons after being rubbed with wool. What is the charge on the balloon? What is the charge on the wool? q = -4.0 x C q = +4.0 x C 2. A rubber rod acquires a charge of -4.5 µc. How many excess electrons does this represent? x e Conservation of Electric Charge: The total electric charge of an isolated system remains constant. 1
2 Electric Force (Electrostatic Force, Coulomb Force) Coulomb s Law: The electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the two charges and inversely proportional to square of the distance between them, and directed along the line joining the two charges. Coulomb Force F e qq =k r k = Coulomb constant (electrostatic constant) k = 8.99 x 10 9 N m 2 C -2 NOTE: +-F denotes direction of force not sign of charge oint charge: a charged object that acts as if all its charge is concentrated at a single point Alternate formula for Coulomb force: F F e e = = 1 qq 4πε r 0 qq 4πε r k = 1/ 4πε 0 ε 0 = permittivity of free space = 8.85 x C 2 N -1 m -2 Use the Coulomb force to estimate the speed of the electron in a hydrogen atom. 2
3 The rinciple of Superposition The net electric force acting on a charged particle is the vector sum of all the electric forces acting on it. 1. Determine the net electrostatic force on charge q 1, as shown below. 2. Where can a third charge of +1.0 µc be placed so that the net force acting on it is zero? 3. Three point charges of -2.0 µc are arranged as shown. Determine the magnitude and direction of the net force on charge q 1. D = 2/3 m 3
4 Electric Field Electric field: a region in space surrounding a charged object in which a second charged object experiences an electric force Test charge: a small positive charge used to test an electric field Electric Field Diagrams 1. ositively charged sphere 2. ositive point charge 3. Negative point charge Radial Field: field lines are extensions of radii 5. Two positive charges 6. Two negative charges 7. Two unlike charges 8. Oppositely charged parallel plates roperties of Electric Field Lines Uniform Field: field has same intensity at all spots Edge Effect: bowing of field lines at edges 1. Never cross 2. Show the direction of force on a small positive test charge 3. Out of positive, into negative 4. Direction of electric field is tangent to the field lines 5. Density of field lines is proportional to field strength (density = intensity) 6. erpendicular to surface 7. Most intense near sharp points 4
5 Electric Field Strength Electric Field Strength (Intensity): electric force exerted per unit charge on a small positive test charge Electric Field: E F e = k 2 q Units: N/C Units: N Electric Force: F = Eq e Electric Field for a oint Charge: Qq Q 1 Q E= r = k = q r 4πε r oint Charge Spherical Conductor 1. a) Find the magnitude and direction of the electric field at a spot meter away from a sphere whose charge is microcoulombs and whose radius is 0.60 centimeters. 2. a) Find the magnitude and direction of the gravitational field at an altitude of 100 km above the surface of the Earth. b) Find the magnitude and direction of the electric force acting on a nc charge placed at this spot. b) Find the magnitude and direction of the gravitational force exerted on a 6.0 kg bowling ball placed at this spot. c) Find the electric field strength at the surface of the sphere. c) Find the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth. 5
6 3. a) Find the magnitude and direction of the net electric field halfway between the two charges shown below. b) Determine the electric force on a proton placed at this spot. 4. Two charged objects, A and B, each contribute as follows to the net electric field at point : E A = 3.00 N/C directed to the right, and E B = downward. What is the net electric field at? E = 3.61 N/C Theta = a) Two positive point charges, q 1 = +16 µc and q 2 = +4.0 µc, are separated in a vacuum by a distance of 3.0 m. Find the spot on the line between the charges where the net electric field is zero. 6
7 6. A proton is released from rest near the positive plate. The distance between the plates is 3.0 mm and the strength of the electric field is 4.0 x 10 3 N/C. a) Describe the motion of the proton. constant acceleration in a straight line b) Write an expression for the acceleration of the proton. c) Find the time it takes the proton to reach the negative plate. d) Find the speed of the proton when it reaches the negative plate. 7. A particle is shot with an initial speed through the two parallel plates as shown. a) Sketch and describe the path it will take if it is a proton, an electron, or a neutron. b) Which particle will experience a greater force? c) Which particle will experience a greater acceleration? d) Which particle will experience a greater displacement? 8. In the figure, an electron enters the lower left side of a parallel plate capacitor and exits at the upper right side. The initial speed of the electron is m/s. The plates are 3.50 cm long and are separated by cm. Assume that the electric field between the plates is uniform everywhere and find its magnitude. 7
8 High amount of E Electric otential Energy Gravitational otential Energy (E ) Reason for E : 1. Test object has mass (test mass = m) 2. Test mass is in a gravitational field (g) caused by larger object (M) Low amount of E 3. Larger object exerts a gravitational force on test mass (F g = mg) 4. Test mass has tendency to move to base level due to force 5. Work done moving object between two positions is path independent. Base level where E = 0 Gravitational potential energy: E = mgh W = E = mg h Reason for E : Electric otential Energy (E ) High amount of E 1. Test object has charge (test charge = +q) 2. Test charge is in an electric field caused by larger object (Q) 3. Larger object exerts an electric force on test charge (F E = Eq) Low amount of E 4. Test charge has tendency to move to base level due to force 5. Work done moving object between two positions is path independent. Base level where E = 0 Electric potential energy: E = Eq h W = E = Eq h Electric otential Energy (E )- the work done in bringing a small positive test charge in from infinity to that point in the electric field Derivation for oint Charges (Work done by field) E = W = Fs cosθ E = Eq s E E E r kq = ( q) ds 2 s kqq = s kqq = r r E = 0 Electric otential Energy due to a point charge Formula: Units: E kqq = r J Type: scalar 8
9 Electric otential (V) - work done per unit charge moving a small positive test charge in from infinity to a point in an electric field. Electric otential due to a point charge Formula: V V kqq E r q q = = kq Q = = r 4πε r 0 E = qv Units: J/C = volts(v) Type: scalar Higher potential B A Lower potential Zero potential Lower potential Higher potential Zero potential B A 1. a) Calculate the potential at a point 2.50 cm away from a +4.8 µc charge. b) How much potential energy will an electron have if it is at this spot? 3. What is the potential where a proton is placed 0.96 m from a -1.2 nc charge? 9
10 oint Charges +Q +Q +Q +Q Electric Force Electric Field Electric otential Energy Electric otential Two objects needed interaction between the two One object needed property of that one object Two objects needed quantity possessed by the system One object needed property of the field Magnitude: F = Eq Magnitude: E = F/q Magnitude: E = qv Magnitude: V = E /q F = kqq/r 2 E = kq/r 2 E = kqq/r V = kq/r Units: N Units: N/C Units: J Units: J/C Type: vector Type: vector Type: scalar (+/-) Type: scalar (+/-) Direction: likes repel, unlikes attract Direction: away from positive, towards negative Sign: use signs of Q and q Sign: use sign of Q Sign: don t use when calculating check frame of reference Sign: don t use when calculating check frame of reference F = 0 where E = 0 E = 0 where V = 0 10
11 1. a) Calculate the net electric field at each spot (A and B): b) Calculate the net electric force on a proton placed at each spot. 2. a) Calculate the net electric potential at each spot (A and B): b) Calculate the electric potential energy of a proton placed at each spot. 11
12 Electric otential and Conductors Graphs for a spherical conductor For a hollow or solid conductor, 1. all the charge resides on the outside surface 2. the electric field is zero everywhere within 3. the external electric field acts as if all the charge is concentrated at the center Electric Field Strength Value at surface = kq/r 2 Electric otential 4. the electric potential is constant ( 0) everywhere within and equal to the potential at the surface radius Distance radius Distance A spherical conducting surface whose radius is 0.75 m has a net charge of +4.8 µc. a) What is the electric field at the center of the sphere? b) What is the electric field at the surface of the sphere? c) What is the electric field at a distance of 0.75 m from the surface of the sphere? d) What is the electric potential at the surface of the sphere? e) What is the electric potential at the center of the sphere? f) What is the electric potential at a distance of 0.75 m from the surface of the sphere? 12
13 Equipotential Surfaces Equipotential surface: a surface on which the electric potential is the same everywhere 1. Locate points that are at the same electric potential around each of the point charges shown. 2. Sketch in the electric field lines for each point charge. 3. What is the relationship between the electric field lines and the equipotential surfaces? erpendicular Field lines point in direction of decreasing potential Electric otential Gradient The electric field strength is the negative of the electric potential gradient. Formula: Units: N/c or V/m V E= x For each electric field shown, sketch in equipotential surfaces. Sketch in equipotential surfaces for the two configurations of point charges below
14 Electric otential Difference Electric otential Difference ( V) work done per unit charge moving a small positive test charge between two points in an electric field Formula: Units: J/C = V W V = q V = E q E = q V High and Low otential 1. a) Which plate is at a higher electric potential? positive b) Which plate is at a lower electric potential? negative c) What is the electric potential of each plate? Arbitrary relative to base level d) What is the potential difference between the plates? Not arbitrary depends on charge, distance between, strength of electric field, geometry of plates, etc. e) Where will: a proton have the most electric potential energy? Mark plates with example potentials, as well as spots within field Mark ground mark equipotentials an electron? a neutron? an alpha particle? Not arbitrary 2. An electron is released from rest near the negative plate and allowed to accelerate until it hits the positive plate. The distance between the plates is 2.00 cm and the potential difference between them is 100. volts. a) Calculate how fast the electron strikes the positive plate. E o = E f E e = E K qv = ½ mv 2 v = sqrt (2qV/m) v = sqrt(2(1.6 x )(100 V) /(9.11 x )) v = 5.9 x 10 6 m/s b) Calculate the strength of the electric field. Formula: qv = ½ mv 2 Ve = ½ mv 2 Formula: E = - V/ x E = V/d 14
15 The Electronvolt Electronvolt: energy gained by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt Derivation: E e = q V E e = (1e)(1 V) = 1 ev E e = (1.6 x C)( 1 V) E e = 1.6 x J Therefore: 1 ev = 1.60 x J 1. How much energy is gained by a proton moving through a potential difference of 150. V? 150 ev or 150(1.60 x ) = 2.4 x J 2. A charged particle has 5.4 x J of energy. How many electronvolts of energy is this? Factor-label (5.4 x J) (1 ev/1.6 x ) = 3375 ev 3. An electron gains 200 ev accelerating from rest in a uniform electric field of 150 N/C. Calculate the final speed of the electron. 4. In Rutherford s famous scattering experiments (which led to the planetary model of the atom), alpha particles were fired toward a gold nucleus with charge +79e. An alpha particle, initially very far from the gold nucleus, is fired at m/s directly toward the gold nucleus. Assume the gold nucleus remains stationary. How close does the alpha particle get to the gold nucleus before turning around? (the distance of closest approach ) 2.74 x m 15
Objects can be charged by rubbing
Electrostatics Objects can be charged by rubbing Charge comes in two types, positive and negative; like charges repel and opposite charges attract Electric charge is conserved the arithmetic sum of the
More informationChapter 10. Electrostatics
Chapter 10 Electrostatics 3 4 AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Electrostatics 1. The electron volt is a measure of (A) charge (B) energy (C) impulse (D) momentum (E) velocity. A solid conducting sphere
More informationSemester 2 Physics (SF 026) Lecture: BP 3 by Yew Sze Fiona Website:
Semester 2 Physics (SF 026) Lecture: BP 3 by Yew Sze Ling @ Fiona Website: http://yslphysics.weebly.com/ Chapter 1: Electrostatics The study of electric charges at rest, the forces between them and the
More informationElectrostatics. Electrostatics the study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place. Also referred to as Static Electricity
Electrostatics 169 Electrostatics Electrostatics the study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place. Types of Charge Also referred to as Static Electricity Benjamin Franklin noticed
More informationEL FORCE and EL FIELD HW-PRACTICE 2016
1 EL FORCE and EL FIELD HW-PRACTICE 2016 1.A difference between electrical forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include a. separation distance. b. repulsive interactions. c. the inverse
More informationHandout 3: Electric potential and electric potential energy. Electric potential
Handout 3: Electric potential and electric potential energy Electric potential Consider a charge + fixed in space as in Figure. Electric potential V at any point in space is defined as the work done by
More informationCh 16 practice. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Ch 16 practice Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with a piece of fur, giving it a negative charge?
More informationPHYS102 Previous Exam Problems. Electric Potential
PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 24 Electric Potential Electric potential energy of a point charge Calculating electric potential from electric field Electric potential of point charges Calculating
More informationChapter 17. Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential
Chapter 17 Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential Consider gravity near the surface of the Earth The gravitational field is uniform. This means it always points in the same direction with
More informationElectrostatics. 3) positive object: lack of electrons negative object: excess of electrons
Electostatics IB 12 1) electic chage: 2 types of electic chage: positive and negative 2) chaging by fiction: tansfe of electons fom one object to anothe 3) positive object: lack of electons negative object:
More informationElectrostatics. 4πε 2) + Q / 2 4) 4 Q
Two spheres A and B of radius a and b respectively are at the same potential The ratio of the surface charge density of A to B is: ) a / b ) b / a a / b b / a Two free protons are separated by a distance
More informationSolution. ANSWERS - AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Electrostatics. Answer
NSWRS - P Physics Multiple hoice Practice lectrostatics Solution nswer 1. y definition. Since charge is free to move around on/in a conductor, excess charges will repel each other to the outer surface
More informationPhysics 112 Homework 2 (solutions) (2004 Fall) Solutions to Homework Questions 2
Solutions to Homework Questions 2 Chapt16, Problem-1: A proton moves 2.00 cm parallel to a uniform electric field with E = 200 N/C. (a) How much work is done by the field on the proton? (b) What change
More information1. The diagram shows the electric field lines produced by an electrostatic focussing device.
1. The diagram shows the electric field lines produced by an electrostatic focussing device. Which one of the following diagrams best shows the corresponding equipotential lines? The electric field lines
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 2 Electrostatics Electric flux and Gauss s law Electrical energy potential difference and electric potential potential energy of charged conductors http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~alan/
More informationChapters 21 and 22: Giancoli, 4 th Edition Electrostatics
Chapters 21 and 22: Giancoli, 4 th Edition Electrostatics Electric Charges Coulomb s Law and Electric force The Electric Field Electric Field Lines Electric flux Gauss Law and applications of Gauss Law
More informationElectromagnetism Unit- Electrostatics Sub-Unit
Electromagnetism Unit Electrostatics SubUnit 4.1.1 Elementary Charge Atomic Structure Review electrons nucleus two types of nucleons charge 0 charge Nucleons are not allowed to move around WITHIN matter
More informationElectrostatics. Do Now: Describe the Concept of charge
Electrostatics Do Now: Describe the Concept of charge Electrostatics The study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place Also referred to as static electricity Types of Charge:
More informationPHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 22: ELECTRIC FORCE & FIELD; GAUSS' LAW
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ELECTRIC CHARGE e Atoms are built up of protons, neutrons and electrons p, n e ELECTRIC CHARGE is a property of matter, similar to MASS: MASS (m) ELECTRIC CHARGE (Q) - Mass
More information(a) This cannot be determined since the dimensions of the square are unknown. (b) 10 7 N/C (c) 10 6 N/C (d) 10 5 N/C (e) 10 4 N/C
1. 4 point charges (1 C, 3 C, 4 C and 5 C) are fixed at the vertices of a square. When a charge of 10 C is placed at the center of the square, it experiences a force of 10 7 N. What is the magnitude of
More informationPhysics Notes Chapter 17 Electric Forces and Fields
Physics Notes Chapter 17 Electric Forces and Fields I. Basic rules and ideas related to electricity a. electricity is about charges or charged objects where they are and how they move electrostatics is
More informationELECTROSTATIC FIELDS
ELECTROSTATIC FIELDS Electric charge Ordinary matter is made up of atoms which have positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons surrounding them. A body can become charged if it loses or
More informationELECTRIC FORCES AND ELECTRIC FIELDS
CHATER 18 ELECTRIC FORCES AND ELECTRIC FIELDS CONCETUAL QUESTIONS 1. REASONING AND SOLUTION In Figure 18.9, the grounding wire is removed first, followed by the rod, and the sphere is left with a positive
More informationElectricity and Magnetism. Electric Potential Energy and Voltage
Electricity and Magnetism Electric Potential Energy and Voltage Work and Potential Energy Recall from Mechanics that E mech = K + U is a conserved quantity for particles that interact via conservative
More informationChapter 18 Electrostatics Electric Forces and Fields
Chapter 18 Electrostatics Electric Forces and Fields Electrical charges that does not flow through an object, but sit stationary on the surface of an object. Usually it is isolated on the surface, but
More informationChapter 18 Electric Force and Electric Fields. Sections
Chapter 18 Electric Force and Electric Fields Sections 18.1 18.6 Objectives: After finishing this unit, you should be able to: Explain and demonstrate the First law of electrostatics and discuss charging
More informationElectrostatics and Electric Potential - Outline
Electrostatics and Electric Potential - Outline 1. Understand the basic properties of electric charge, including conservation of charge and that charges are quantized. 2. Differentiate between conductors
More informationSection 1: Electric Fields
PHY 132 Outline of Lecture Notes i Section 1: Electric Fields A property called charge is part of the basic nature of protons and electrons. Large scale objects become charged by gaining or losing electrons.
More informationChapter 23. Electric Fields Properties of Electric Charges Coulomb s Law The Electric Field Electric Field Lines
Chapter 23 Electric Fields 23.1 Properties of Electric Charges 23.3 Coulomb s Law 23.4 The Electric Field 23.6 Electric Field Lines 1 23.1 Properties of Electric Charges Experiments 1-After running a comb
More informationPhysics 240 Fall 2003: Exam #1. Please print your name: Please list your discussion section number: Please list your discussion instructor:
Physics 4 Fall 3: Exam #1 Please print your name: Please list your discussion section number: Please list your discussion instructor: Form #1 Instructions 1. Fill in your name above. This will be a 1.5
More informationALABAMA SCHOOL OF FINE ART, 8 TH GRADE HONORS PHYSICS QUIZ : ELECTROSTATICS TIME: 90 MINUTES NAME
1 ALABAMA SCHOOL OF FINE ART, 8 TH GRADE HONORS PHYSICS QUIZ 4-18-2016: ELECTROSTATICS TIME: 90 MINUTES NAME COVERAGE: ELECTRIC CHARGE, ELECTROSTATIC FORCE (COULOMB S LAW ), ELECTRIC POTENTIAL, ELECTRIC
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 4 Electrostatics Electric flux and Gauss s law Electrical energy potential difference and electric potential potential energy of charged conductors http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~apetrov/phy2140/
More informationPHYSICS. Electrostatics
Electrostatics Coulomb s Law: SYNOPSIS SI unit of electric intensity is NC -1 Dimensions The electric intensity due to isolated point charge, Electric dipole moment, P = q (2a), SI unit is C m Torque on
More informationCHAPTER 15 PRE-TEST: ELECTRIC FORCE AND FIELDS
Class: Date: CHAPTER 5 PRE-TEST: ELECTRIC FORCE AND FIELDS Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.. What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with
More informationElectric Charge and Electric Field AP Physics 4 Lecture Notes
Electric Charge and Electric Field AP Physics 4 Lecture Notes Coulomb s Law The Electric Field Field Lines Electric Fields and Conductors Coulomb s law: Coulomb s Law Force (N) F F F k r F F F r Charge
More informationIntroduction to Charges. BCLN PHYSICS 12 - Rev. Sept/2012
Electrostatics ~ Learning Guide Name: Instructions: Using a pencil, answer the following questions. The Pre-Reading is marked, based on effort, completeness, and neatness (not accuracy). The rest of the
More information1. A coulomb is the same as: A. an ampere/second B. half an ampere second 2 C. an ampere/meter 2 D. an ampere second E. a newton meter 2 ans:
Chapter 21: ELECTRIC CHARGE 1 A coulomb is the same as: A an ampere/second B half an ampere second 2 C an ampere/meter 2 D an ampere second E a newton meter 2 ans: 2 A kiloampere hour is a unit of: A current
More informationAP Physics Study Guide Chapter 17 Electric Potential and Energy Name. Circle the vector quantities below and underline the scalar quantities below
AP Physics Study Guide Chapter 17 Electric Potential and Energy Name Circle the vector quantities below and underline the scalar quantities below electric potential electric field electric potential energy
More informationElectric Charge. Electric Charge ( q ) unbalanced charges positive and negative charges. n Units Coulombs (C)
Electric Charge Electric Charge ( q ) unbalanced charges positive and negative charges n Units Coulombs (C) Electric Charge How do objects become charged? Types of materials Conductors materials in which
More informationChapter 23. Electric Fields
Chapter 23 Electric Fields Electric Charges There are two kinds of electric charges Called positive and negative Negative charges are the type possessed by electrons Positive charges are the type possessed
More informationElectrostatics Notes 1 Charges and Coulomb s Law
Electrostatics Notes 1 Charges and Coulomb s Law Matter is made of particles which are or charged. The unit of charge is the ( ) Charges are, meaning that they cannot be It is thought that the total charge
More information4 r 2. r 2. Solved Problems
CHAP. 24] COULOMB'S LAW AND ELECTRIC FIELDS 233 AN ELECTRIC FIELD is said to exist at any point in space when a test charge, placed at that point, experiences an electrical force. The direction of the
More informationElectrostatics Test Review Hons. All work must be shown,including givens, equations used, and units. Draw diagrams as appropriate.
Electrostatics Test Review Hons. All work must be shown,including givens, equations used, and units. Draw diagrams as appropriate. 1. If a charged rod A attracts another rod B, you can conclude that a.
More informationChapter 17 & 18. Electric Field and Electric Potential
Chapter 17 & 18 Electric Field and Electric Potential Electric Field Maxwell developed an approach to discussing fields An electric field is said to exist in the region of space around a charged object
More informationChapter 21. Coulomb s Law. Copyright 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Coulomb s Law Copyright Magic? (a) The two glass rods were each rubbed with a silk cloth and one was suspended by thread. When they are close to each other, they repel each other. (b) The plastic
More informationElectric Potential Energy & Electric Potential
Electric Potential Energy & Electric Potential Consider the following scenario. F E F E pt.a If we release the ve charge from pt.a The ELECTRIC FIELD produced by the ve charge pulls the ve charge to the
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Introduction Syllabus and teaching strategy Electricity and Magnetism Properties of electric charges Insulators and conductors Coulomb s law Lecture 1. Chapter 15 1 Lecturer:
More information- Like charges repel Induced Charge. or by induction. Electric charge is conserved
Course website: http://course.physastro.iastate.edu/phys112/ Here you will find the syllabus, lecture notes and other course information Links to the website are also on Blackboard: Phys 112 (Spring 2017)
More informationELECTROSTATICS 3. P.Ravindran, PHY041: Electricity & Magnetism 15 January 2013: Electrostatics 3
ELECTROSTATICS 3 q 0 Electro negativity ti it Rl Relative electro negativity ranking for some common materials from electron donating materials (+, glass) to electron accepting materials (, teflon) + +
More informationChapter 19 Electric Potential and Electric Field
Chapter 19 Electric Potential and Electric Field The electrostatic force is a conservative force. Therefore, it is possible to define an electrical potential energy function with this force. Work done
More informationChapter 21. Electric Fields
Chapter 21 Electric Fields The Origin of Electricity The electrical nature of matter is inherent in the atoms of all substances. An atom consists of a small relatively massive nucleus that contains particles
More informationConceptual Questions. Fig.8.51 EXERCISES. 8. Why can t electric field lines cross? 9. In which direction do charges always move in an electric field?
EXERCISES Conceptual Questions 1. Explain why a neutral object can be attracted to a charged object. Why can this neutral object not be repelled by a charged object? 2. What is the function of an electroscope?
More informationElectric fields summary problems HW Complete + Self-mark using answers at the back.
Electric fields summary problems HW Complete + Self-mark using answers at the back. Part 1: Uniform Electric fields problems 1) Here are two closely spaced metal plates connected to a 500 V supply. + 500
More informationDownloaded from
Question 1.1: What is the force between two small charged spheres having charges of 2 10 7 C and 3 10 7 C placed 30 cm apart in air? Repulsive force of magnitude 6 10 3 N Charge on the first sphere, q
More informationPHYSICS - Electrostatics
PHYSICS - Electrostatics Electrostatics, or electricity at rest, involves electric charges, the forces between them, and their behavior in materials. 22.1 Electrical Forces and Charges The fundamental
More informationc. They have electric charges that move freely d. Electrons are added to the rod a. charges are of unlike signs b. charges are of like signs
Physics Review Chapter 17 & 18 Name: Date: Period: 1. What sentence best characterizes electron conductors? a. They have low mass density b. They have high tensile strength c. They have electric charges
More informationP202 Practice Exam 1 Spring 2004 Instructor: Prof. Sinova
P202 Practice Exam 1 Spring 2004 Instructor: Prof. Sinova Name: Date: 1. Each of three objects has a net charge. Objects A and B attract one another. Objects B and C also attract one another, but objects
More informationElectrostatics. Electrical properties generated by static charges. Introduction
Electrostatics Electrical properties generated by static charges Introduction First Greek discovery Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified and attracted pieces of straw or feathers Introduction
More informationChapter 21 Electric Charge and Electric Field
Chapter 21 Electric Charge and Electric Field Electric charge Conductors and insulators Coulomb s Law Electric Fields Phys 2435: Chap 21, Pg 1 Electric Charge There are two kinds of charge: positive (+)
More informationElectric Potential Practice Problems
Electric Potential Practice Problems AP Physics Name Multiple Choice 1. A negative charge is placed on a conducting sphere. Which statement is true about the charge distribution (A) Concentrated at the
More informationPhysics 122 Unit 3 S1 Electrostatics Weebly.notebook. Unit 3. Section 1 Electrostatics
Unit 3 Section 1 Electrostatics Electrostatics Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges. Only two types of electric charge have been discovered, positive and negative. proton (1.673 x
More informationElectric Potential Energy Chapter 16
Electric Potential Energy Chapter 16 Electric Energy and Capacitance Sections: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 The electrostatic force is a conservative force It is possible to define an electrical potential energy
More informationElectrostatics-Coulomb's Law
1. Which graph best represents the electrostatic force between an alpha particle with a charge of +2 elementary charges and a positively charged nucleus as a function of their distance of separation? 2.
More informationCoulomb s Law. Phys102 Lecture 2. Key Points. Coulomb s Law The electric field (E is a vector!) References
Phys102 Lecture 2 Phys102 Lecture 2-1 Coulomb s Law Key Points Coulomb s Law The electric field (E is a vector!) References SFU Ed: 21-5,6,7,8,9,10. 6 th Ed: 16-6,7,8,9,+. Phys102 Lecture 2 Phys102 Lecture
More informationClass XII Chapter 1 Electric Charges And Fields Physics
Class XII Chapter 1 Electric Charges And Fields Physics Question 1.1: What is the force between two small charged spheres having charges of 2 10 7 C and 3 10 7 C placed 30 cm apart in air? Answer: Repulsive
More informationElectrostatics Describe and explain the properties of conductors and insulators
Electrostatics 5.1.1 Describe the process of electrification by friction The ancient Greeks found that if amber was rubbed with fur it would attract small objects like hair. If the amber is rubbed long
More informationChapter 12 Electrostatic Phenomena
Chapter 12 Electrostatic Phenomena 1. History Electric Charge The ancient Greeks noticed that if you rubbed amber (petrified tree resin) on fur, then the amber would have a property that it could attract
More informationElectric Force and Coulombs Law
Electric Force and Coulombs Law 1 Coulombs law is an inverse squared law prove this graphically / experimentally 2 NOTE: THIS IS ONLY FOR POINT CHARGES. Schematics I.) +5C 3C II.) Q Q 3 III.) more than
More informationCHAPTER 15 ELECTRIC FORCE & FIELDS
CHAPTER 15 ELECTRIC FORCE & FIELDS We will look at the basic properties of electric charge. Electric charge comes in discrete units The total charge in the universe remains constant The force law that
More informationChapter 19 Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields
Chapter 19 Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields 1 Overview of Chapter 19 Electric Charge! Insulators and Conductors! Coulomb s Law! The Electric Field! Electric Field Lines! Shielding and Charging by Induction
More information104 Practice Exam 1-2/21/02
104 Practice Exam 1-2/21/02 1. One mole of a substance contains 6.02 > 10 23 protons and an equal number of electrons. If the protons could somehow be separated from the electrons and placed in separate
More informationChapter 1 The Electric Force
Chapter 1 The Electric Force 1. Properties of the Electric Charges 1- There are two kinds of the electric charges in the nature, which are positive and negative charges. - The charges of opposite sign
More informationIB-1 Physics Electrostatics Practice Questions. e +4e A. B. C. D.
1. A plastic rod is rubbed with a cloth. At the end of the process, the rod is found to be positively charged and the cloth is found to be uncharged. This involves the movement of A. positive charge from
More information1040 Phys Lecture 1. Electric Force. The electromagnetic force between charged particles is one of the fundamental forces of nature.
Electric Force The electromagnetic force between charged particles is one of the fundamental forces of nature. 1- Properties of Electric Charges A number of simple experiments demonstrate the existence
More informationPhysics 12 ELECTROSTATICS
Physics 12 ELECTROSTATICS F = kq 1Q 2 r2 E = V d V = kq r E p = kq 1Q 2 r F = qe V = E p Q 1 000 000 Volts 1 000 000 Volts NAME: Block: Text References 3 rd Ed. Giancolli Pg. 416-30 4 th Ed. Giancolli
More informationBook page. Coulombs Law
Book page Coulombs Law A Coulomb torsion balance A Coulomb torsion balance is used to measure the force between two charged objects Coulomb's Torsion Balance Two conducting spheres fixed on insulating
More informationTo start off. The atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electrons have a negative (-) charge. Nucleus stays still only electrons move
Electrostatics To start off The atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electrons have a negative (-) charge. Nucleus stays still only electrons move Protons have a positive (+) charge. Neutrons
More informationElectric Force and Electric Field
Electric Force and Electric Field Electrostatics Sources Outcomes Maxwell s Equation Stationary Charge Electric Force Gauss s Law Electric Field Electric Potential Capacitors Electric Forces and Electric
More informationChapter 2. Electric Fields Field Intensity Due to a Point Charge
Chapter 2 Electric Fields An electric field exists in a region if electrical forces are exerted on charged bodies in that region. The direction of an electric field at a point is the direction in which
More informationWelcome to PHYS2002!
Welcome to PHYS00! Physics I Done! We are now all experts in mechanics. Mechanics Mass M Interaction: mm F = G r 1 G = 6.67 10 Nm/ kg r M 11 1 We never said what mass is, only how it behaves. New Semester
More informationChapter Electric Forces and Electric Fields. Prof. Armen Kocharian
Chapter 25-26 Electric Forces and Electric Fields Prof. Armen Kocharian First Observations Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified
More informationChapter 25. Electric Potential
Chapter 25 Electric Potential Electric Potential Electromagnetism has been connected to the study of forces in previous chapters. In this chapter, electromagnetism will be linked to energy. By using an
More informationelectric charge Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
electric charge Multiple hoice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with a piece of fur, giving it a negative charge?
More informationElectric Potential Lecture 5
Chapter 23 Electric Potential Lecture 5 Dr. Armen Kocharian Electrical Potential Energy When a test charge is placed in an electric field, it experiences a force F = q o E The force is conservative ds
More informationChapter Assignment Solutions
Chapter 20-21 Assignment Solutions Table of Contents Page 558 #22, 24, 29, 31, 36, 37, 40, 43-48... 1 Lightning Worksheet (Transparency 20-4)... 4 Page 584 #42-46, 58-61, 66-69, 76-79, 84-86... 5 Chapter
More informationChapter 23 Electric Potential (Voltage)
Chapter 23 Electric Potential (Voltage) Electric potential energy Recall how a conservative force is related to the potential energy associated with that force: The electric potential energy: Change in
More informationELECTROSTATICS. the study of electric charges, forces and fields Static Electricity is Stationary Electricity or Accumulation of charge
Electrostatics 1 ELECTROSTATICS the study of electric charges, forces and fields Static Electricity is Stationary Electricity or Accumulation of charge Fundamental Rule Opposites attract, Likes Repel Things
More informationA 12-V battery does 1200 J of work transferring charge. How much charge is transferred? A source of 1.0 µc is meters is from a positive test
1 A source of 1.0 µc is 0.030 meters is from a positive test charge of 2.0 µc. (a) What is the force on the test charge? (b) What is the potential energy of the test charge? (c) What is the strength of
More information47 CHARGE. 1. What are the basic particles of charge?
47 CHARGE 1. What are the basic particles of charge? 2. There are three variables for charge listed to the right. Tell the typical circumstances when each is used. 3. Charge What are the units of charge?
More informationHistory. The word electricity comes from the Greek elektron which means amber. The amber effect is what we call static electricity.
Electrostatics 1 History The word electricity comes from the Greek elektron which means amber. The amber effect is what we call static electricity. 2 ELECTROSTATICS the study of electric charges, forces
More informationChapter 15. Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Chapter 15 Electric Forces and Electric Fields First Observations Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified and attracted pieces
More informationI. Origin of Electricity
Name Regents Physics Mr. Mellon Based on Chapter 20 and 21 Essential Questions What is the charge of an elementary charge? Know how to convert elementary charges to Coulombs (vice-versa). Explain the conservation
More informationIntroduction)! Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges and fields (as opposed to moving charges and currents)
Higher'Physics'1B Electricity) Electrostatics)) Introduction) Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges and fields (as opposed to moving charges and currents) Properties)of)Electric)Charges)
More informationELECTROSTATIC FORCE. ELECTROSTATICS - I Physics Without Fear.
ELECTROSTATIC FORCE ELECTROSTATICS - I Physics Without Fear CONTENTS Frictional Electricity Properties of Electric Charges Coulomb s Law Coulomb s Law in Vector Form Units of Charge Relative Permittivity
More informationWhat will the electric field be like inside the cavity?
What will the electric field be like inside the cavity? 1. There is no charge inside the gaussian surface so E = 0 2. There is no net flux through the surface but there is an E field 3. Gauss s law doesn
More informationPHYSICS 12 NAME: Electrostatics Review
NAME: Electrostatics Review 1. An electron orbits a nucleus which carries a charge of +9.6 x10-19 C. If the electron s orbital radius is 2.0 x10-10 m, what is its electric potential energy? A. -6.9 x10-18
More informationChapter 21 Electric Charge and Electric Field
Chapter 21 Electric Charge and Electric Field 21-1 Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation Objects can be charged by rubbing 21-1 Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation
More informationPhysics 1520, Fall 2011 Quiz 3, Form: A
Physics 1520, Fall 2011 Quiz 3, Form: A Name: Date: Numeric answers must include units. Sketches must be labeled. All short-answer questions must include your reasoning, for full credit. A correct answer
More informationLecture 13 ELECTRICITY. Electric charge Coulomb s law Electric field and potential Capacitance Electric current
Lecture 13 ELECTRICITY Electric charge Coulomb s law Electric field and potential Capacitance Electric current ELECTRICITY Many important uses Historical Light Heat Rail travel Computers Central nervous
More informationChapter 15. Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Chapter 15 Electric Forces and Electric Fields First Studies Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified and attracted pieces of
More information