NMR Studies of 3 He Impurities in 4 He in the Proposed Supersolid Phase
|
|
- Elwin Baldwin
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of Low Temperature Physics manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) NMR Studies of 3 He Impurities in 4 He in the Proposed Supersolid Phase S. S. Kim 1 C. Huan 1 L. Yin 1 J. S. Xia 1 D. Candela 2 N. S. Sullivan 1 Received: 06/15/09 / Accepted: Abstract Preliminary results are reported for measurements of the NMR relaxation times of very dilute 3 He in samples of solid 4 He in the region where a supersolid phase 1 has been reported. The results were obtained for carefully prepared samples with different 3 He concentrations. The measurements of the spin-spin relaxation time, T 2, show several interesting features. A temperature independent plateau attributed to the exchange motional narrowing is observed down to the lowest temperature studied, and the observed variation of T 2 with 3 He concentration favors the nonlinear theory suggested by Landesman. 2 The best fit to the data is given by T 2 x 1.89±0.1 3 rather than x 1 3. No evidence of an exchange-phonon bottleneck for the spin-lattice relaxation is seen down to 40mK. The vacancy activation energy is determined to be 13.5K for a sample with x 3 = and molar volume 20.9 cm 3. Keywords Supersolid NMR 3He - 4 He mixture Quantum defects PACS g bd d Mc 1 Introduction The recent observation of a nonclassical rotational inertia fraction (NCRIF) at very low temperatures in solid 4 He has stimulated great interest as it can be interpreted as a first observation of a supersolid phase. 1,3,4,5,6 Even though the result has been repeated by a number of research groups, the underlying physics that leads to the observed NCRIFs is still poorly understood from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints. Moreover many experiments have shown that crystal disorder (vacancies, 3 He impurities, grain boundaries, dislocations... ) plays an important role in determining the effects both quantitatively and qualitatively. It is 1: Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Tel.: Fax: sungkim@phys.ufl.edu 2: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Hasbrouck Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
2 2 therefore important to investigate the microscopic dynamical properties in the region where NCRIF effects are observed and study the role of disorder using methods other than torsional oscillators. NMR measurements on 3 He in solid 4 He are ideally suited to meet this task because of the high sensitivity of NMR to the motion of 3 He impurities. Furthermore, the relevant frequency scale can be changed easily by changing the applied magnetic field and/or field gradient. In this work, we report the results of careful measurements of the temperature dependence of the nuclear spin-spin relaxation times T 2 of 3 He with varying 3 He concentrations. 2 Experimental Method The NMR cell was designed to have a horizontal cylindrical shape with two coils. One is a solenoidal NMR receiving coil wound around the cylindrical sample cell, and the other is a thermally isolated and orthogonal horizontal RF excitation coil for the RF pulses. This crossed coil design offers (i) the conventional reduction of the unwanted pick-up of RF excitation in the receiving coil, and (ii) thermal isolation of the RF-heated excitation coil that can be heat sunk to the still temperature by means of a weak thermal link. The NMR cell was made with polycarbonate. The cell was tested several times with rapid thermal cycling before use in an experiment and was capable of withstanding sample pressures up to 100 bar and remain superfluid leak-tight. One end of the cell was open to a sintered silver plug that provides the required surface area to insure good thermal contact down to mk temperatures. The other end is sealed by an insulating epoxy (Stycast 2585FT) cap through which the capillary filling line passes. Samples were grown by a blocked capillary method. The pressure of the sample during cooling was monitored by a Straty-Adams capacitive pressure gauge which is connected to the NMR cell. After the sample cell was filled to a pressure of 68bar, the cell was cooled from 2.2K to the 1.2K. When the temperature is cooled to meet the the melting curve, the helium pressure follows the melting curve while liquid solidifies, and after 10 min. the pressure of the sample becomes constant indicating that the sample is completely solid. The final pressure of the solid sample at 1.2K was 30±1bars. The molar volume V m of the samples were determined by the PVT data of Grilly and Mills 10 and the equation derived by Mullin 11 V (p,x 3 ) = x 3 V 3 (p) + (1 x 3 )V 4 (p) 0.4x 3 (1 x 3 ) (1) using the measured pressure of the sample cell. Here V 3 and V 4 are the molar volumes of pure 3 He and the 4 He, respectively. In order to enhance the weak NMR sensitivity we constructed a low temperature preamplifier that was placed close to, but thermally isolated from the receiving coil. The circuit design was a simple source follower using pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors(phemts). Although phemts generate appreciable heating, they have high gain at low temperatures (up to the UHF range) and the planar geometry allows the phemt to be aligned parallel to the magnetic field, 7 eliminating Hall effects. During our experiment the power dissipated by the amplifier was estimated to be less than 0.7 mw. The r.m.s noise amplitude was measured from 1.5K to 250mK and the estimated overall noise temperature was around 1.1K. The 3 He concentrations were determined by dilution of an initial 1000 ppm gas mixture to 500 ppm and 250 ppm by adding 4 He. The spin-spin relaxation times T 2 were measured at the NHMFL High B/T facility using nuclear magnetic resonance spin-echo techniques for a Larmor frequency of f = 2.05MHz.
3 3 3 Results and Discussion The temperature dependence of T 2 observed for different 3 He concentrations is shown in Fig.1. At high temperatures a well-known strong temperature dependence is observed and is attributed to the thermal activation of highly mobile vacancies. 8 The minimum at T = 1.1K is the familiar BPP minimum 9 when the Larmor frequency is close to the vacancy modulation frequency. From the slope of the temperature dependence and the value of the minimum value of T 2 we can determine the vacancy formation energy E vac and the frequency ω vac with which a vacancy moves through the lattice. This analysis yielded E vac = 13.5 K and ω vac = s 1 for a 500 ppm sample with a molar volume V m = 20.9 cm x x x10 3 T2(ms) 1.0x x x x x /T(K -1 ) Fig. 1 (Color online) Observed temperature dependence of the nuclear spin-spin relaxation time, T 2, for 3 He in solid 4 He at a molar volume V m = 20.9cm 3 for three different fractional concentrations: 10 3, and At temperatures below 0.7 K, we observe temperature independent plateaus of T 2 for all samples studied. This region previously studied down to 0.4K 12 is interpreted as resulting from the quantum tunneling of the 3 He atoms through the 4 He lattice. What has not been well-determined from earlier studies is the concentration dependence. This is important because there is an appreciable lattice distortion around the 3 He impurities due to the difference in the zero-point motion of the two isotopes. This distortion has been described by a relatively long range interaction, 2 V (R jk ) = V o (a/r jk ) 3 (1 3cos 2 ξ ) (2) where a is the near neighbor distance, ξ the angle between R jk and the trigonal axis. This leads to a reduced effective exchange interaction J e f f = J 2 34 /V o where J 34 is the bare exchange frequency. 2 The T 2 measurements determine J e f f which scales as x 4/3 in the simplest model compared to a simple x 1 dependence if the lattice distortion is neglected. These two different dependences are compared in Figure 2. The results clearly show a concentration dependence closer to the value predicted by Landesman. 2 For the lowest concentration
4 / T2 (ms -1 ) ,000 1,200 1,400 x 3 (Concentration of 3 He, ppm) Fig. 2 (Color online) Concentration dependence of the nuclear spin-spin relaxation time T 2 in the temperature independent region. The two lines refer to the fitting based on two different theories : (i) T 1 2 x 3 (red solid line) and (ii) T 1 2 x 4/3 3 (brown broken line). Our data were fitted best by (iii) T 1 2 x3 1.89±0.1 (blue dotted line). studied there is a small temperature dependence greater than the experimental uncertainties and possibly due to variations in the effect of the lattice distortions. We therefore analysed the results for different temperatures and the results are given in Table 1. The analysis show a stronger concentration dependence than expected x 4/3 and points to a shorter range interaction than that given by Eqn 2. Although these series of systematic measurements have been limited to T 250 mk so far, we did carry out one rapid cooling to 40 mk by turning off the pre-amplifier, waiting for 1h and then rapidly measuring the NMR signal. The observed response showed that the relaxation time was considerably less than 10 3 s showing that the expected phonon bottleneck for the relaxation had not been reached. Table 1 Fitting parameters of concentration and temperature dependence of T 2. ( T 1 2 = A x α ). Temp. 250mK 300mK 350mK 400mK 450mK 650mK α A 1.29E E E E E E-8 4 Conclusion Careful measurements of T 2 for 3 He impurities in solid 4 He as a function of temperature show the existence of a temperature independent plateau down to 250 mk for three different
5 5 concentration(250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm). From the observed concentration dependence of the data at low temperatures, we conclude that the behavior is best described by a non-linear concentration dependence as predicted by the crystal field interaction model of Landesman. 2 The observed concentration dependence of x 1.89±0.1 is appreciably stronger than the value of x 4/3 predicted by Landesman and suggests that the dominant interaction may have shorter range than that given by Eqn 2, and is better understood in terms of an R 6 dependence. Further measurements at lower concentrations are needed to resolve this issue, and to determine the role played by 3 He impurities in the supersolid region. Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of L. Phelps in assembling the low temperature amplifiers. This research was carried out at the NHMFL High B/T Facility which is supported by NSF Grant DMR and by the State of Florida. This project was supported in part by an award from the Collaborative Users Grant Program of the NHMFL. References 1. E. Kim and M. W. H. Chan, Science, 305, 1941 (2004). 2. A. Landesman, Phys. Lett. 54A, 137 (1975). 3. E. Kim and M. W. H Chan, Nature 427, 225 (2004). 4. E. Kim and M. W. H. Chan, J. Low Temp. Phys. 138, 1941 (2005). 5. E. Kim and M. W. H. Chan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, (2006). 6. A. C. S. Ritter and J. D. Reppy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, (2006). 7. J. Bodart, B. M. Garcia, L. Phelps and N.S. Sullivan, Rev. Sci. Instr. 69, 319 (1998). 8. H. A. Reich, Phys. Rev. 129, 630 (1963). 9. N. Bloembergen, E. M. Purcell, and R. V. Pound, Phys. Rev. 73, 679 (1948). 10. E. R. Grilly and R. L. Mills, Ann. Phys.(N.Y.) 18, 250 (1962). 11. W. J. Mullin, Phys, Rev. Lett. 20, 254 (1968). 12. A. R. Allen, M. G. Richards, and J. Schratter, J. Low Temp. Phys., 47, 289 (1982).
NMR STUDIES OF 3 HE IN SOLID 4 HE SUNG SU KIM
NMR STUDIES OF 3 HE IN SOLID 4 HE By SUNG SU KIM A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
More informationarxiv:cond-mat/ v1 [cond-mat.other] 27 Feb 2007
arxiv:cond-mat/0702632v1 [cond-mat.other] 27 Feb 2007 Annealing Effect for Supersolid Fraction in 4 He Andrey Penzev, Yoshinori Yasuta, and Minoru Kubota Institute for Solid State Physics, Tokyo University,
More informationSuperfluidity and Supersolidity in 4 He
Superfluidity and Supersolidity in 4 He Author: Lars Bonnes Supervisor: Lode Pollet Proseminar Theoretische Physik: Phase Transitions SS 07 18.06.2007 Superfluid Liquid Helium Motivation Two-fluid Model
More informationExperiments at Ultra- Low Temperatures (T<0.01K)
Experiments at Ultra- Low Temperatures (T
More informationCan a solid be superfluid?
Can a solid be superfluid? University of Virginia, August 31, 2007 Moses Chan - Penn State Outline Introduction Torsional oscillator measurements. Specific heat measurements Superfluidity in liquid 4 He
More informationStudy of Supersolidity and Shear Modulus Anomaly of 4 He in a Triple Compound Oscillator
Journal of Physics: Conference Series Study of Supersolidity and Shear Modulus Anomaly of 4 He in a Triple Compound Oscillator To cite this article: Xiao Mi et al 01 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 400 01047 Related
More informationNMR Spin-Echo Investigations of Magnetized Quantum Fluids: Effect of Cavity Walls on Spin- Wave Instabilities
EFFECT OF CAVITY WALLS ON SPIN-WAVE INSTABILITIES 223 NMR Spin-Echo Investigations of Magnetized Quantum Fluids: Effect of Cavity Walls on Spin- Wave Instabilities Mani Bidar Faculty Sponsor: Robert Ragan,
More informationNMR at Very Low Temperatures: Population Difference Thermometry 1
258 Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance Contents NMR at Very Low Temperatures: Population Difference Thermometry 1 Neil S. Sullivan Department of Physics University of Florida 215 Williamson Hall Gainesville,
More informationElastic Properties of Polycrystalline Solid Helium
JLowTempPhys(2010)160:5 11 DOI 10.1007/s10909-010-0173-8 Elastic Properties of Polycrystalline Solid Helium Humphrey J. Maris Sebastien Balibar Received: 29 March 2010 / Accepted: 16 April 2010 / Published
More informationWorkshop on Supersolid August Brief introduction to the field. M. Chan Pennsylvania State University, USA
1959-11 Workshop on Supersolid 2008 18-22 August 2008 Brief introduction to the field M. Chan Pennsylvania State University, USA Superfluid and supersolid An introduction at the ICTP Supersolid 2008 workshop
More informationObservation of a supersolid helium phase
SMR.1759-2 Fourth Stig Lundqvist Conference on Advancing Frontiers of Condensed Matter Physics 3-7 July 2006 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationShimming of a Magnet for Calibration of NMR Probes UW PHYSICS REU 2013
Shimming of a Magnet for Calibration of NMR Probes RACHEL BIELAJEW UW PHYSICS REU 2013 Outline Background The muon anomaly The g-2 Experiment NMR Design Helmholtz coils producing a gradient Results Future
More informationNMR of CeCoIn5. AJ LaPanta 8/15/2016
NMR of CeCoIn5 AJ LaPanta 8/15/2016 In Co-NMR measurements on CeCoIn5, we see an increasing peak width below 50K. We interpret this as the growth of antiferromagnetic regions surrounding Cadmium dopants
More informationLow Temperature Shear Modulus Changes in Solid 4 He and Connection to Supersolidity
1 Low Temperature Shear Modulus Changes in Solid 4 He and Connection to Supersolidity James Day and John Beamish Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta CANADA T6G 2G7 Superfluidity,
More informationPINNING MODES OF THE STRIPE PHASES OF 2D ELECTRON SYSTEMS IN HIGHER LANDAU LEVELS
International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol. 23, Nos. 12 & 13 (2009) 2628 2633 c World Scientific Publishing Company PINNING MODES OF THE STRIPE PHASES OF 2D ELECTRON SYSTEMS IN HIGHER LANDAU LEVELS
More informationSupersolids. Bose-Einstein Condensation in Quantum Solids Does it really exist?? W. J. Mullin
Supersolids Bose-Einstein Condensation in Quantum Solids Does it really exist?? W. J. Mullin This is a lively controversy in condensed matter physics. Experiment says yes. Theory says no, or at best maybe.
More informationSuperphenomena in solid Helium-4
Superphenomena in solid Helium-4 Lode Pollet main collaborators: Anatoly Kuklov Boris Svistunov Nikolay Prokofev torsional oscillators ϕ Be-Cu torsion rod Al shell Mg s < 1 6 He reasons: design, elasticity
More informationProbing Wigner Crystals in the 2DEG using Microwaves
Probing Wigner Crystals in the 2DEG using Microwaves G. Steele CMX Journal Club Talk 9 September 2003 Based on work from the groups of: L. W. Engel (NHMFL), D. C. Tsui (Princeton), and collaborators. CMX
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging Simon Lacoste-Julien Electromagnetic Theory Project 198-562B Department of Physics McGill University April 21 2003 Abstract This paper gives an elementary introduction
More informationarxiv: v1 [cond-mat.other] 11 Sep 2008
arxiv:0809.1990v1 [cond-mat.other] 11 Sep 2008 Momentum deficit in quantum glasses A.F. Andreev Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Str. 2, Moscow, 119334 Russia
More informationMASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Physics Department Statistical Physics I Spring Term 2013
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Physics Department 8.044 Statistical Physics I Spring Term 2013 Problem 1: Ripplons Problem Set #11 Due in hand-in box by 4:00 PM, Friday, May 10 (k) We have seen
More informationCircuit QED with electrons on helium:
Circuit QED with electrons on helium: What s the sound of one electron clapping? David Schuster Yale (soon to be at U. of Chicago) Yale: Andreas Fragner Rob Schoelkopf Princeton: Steve Lyon Michigan State:
More informationNUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE. The phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance will be used to study magnetic moments of nuclei.
14 Sep 11 NMR.1 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE The phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance will be used to study magnetic moments of nuclei. Theory: In addition to its well-known properties of mass, charge,
More informationMeasurements of ultralow temperatures
Measurements of ultralow temperatures Anssi Salmela 1 Outline Motivation Thermometry below 1K Methods below 1K (Adiabatic melting experiment) 2 Motivation Why tedious refrigeration is worthwhile? Reduced
More informationSuperfluidity and Condensation
Christian Veit 4th of June, 2013 2 / 29 The discovery of superfluidity Early 1930 s: Peculiar things happen in 4 He below the λ-temperature T λ = 2.17 K 1938: Kapitza, Allen & Misener measure resistance
More informationPrinciples of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy
Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Paul T. Callaghan Department of Physics and Biophysics Massey University New Zealand CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD CONTENTS 1 PRINCIPLES OF IMAGING 1 1.1 Introduction
More informationFundamental MRI Principles Module 2 N. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. X-ray. MRI Hydrogen Protons. Page 1. Electrons
Fundamental MRI Principles Module 2 N S 1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance There are three main subatomic particles: protons positively charged neutrons no significant charge electrons negatively charged Protons
More informationDIFFUSION IN SOLIDS. IE-114 Materials Science and General Chemistry Lecture-5
DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS IE-114 Materials Science and General Chemistry Lecture-5 Diffusion The mechanism by which matter is transported through matter. It is related to internal atomic movement. Atomic movement;
More informationarxiv:cond-mat/ v1 [cond-mat.other] 23 Jun 2005
Freezing and pressure-driven flow of solid helium in Vycor James Day, Tobias Herman, and John Beamish Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2J1 (Dated: November 4,
More informationMagnetic quantum tunnelling in subsets of
Magnetic quantum tunnelling in subsets of Mn -Ac molecules D. Phalen a, S. Hill b a Department of Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 b Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville,
More informationSupercondcting Qubits
Supercondcting Qubits Patricia Thrasher University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 Superconducting qubits are electrical circuits based on the Josephson tunnel junctions and have the ability to
More informationDisordered Solids. real crystals spin glass. glasses. Grenoble
Disordered Solids real crystals spin glass glasses Grenoble 21.09.11-1 Tunneling of Atoms in Solids Grenoble 21.09.11-2 Tunneln Grenoble 21.09.11-3 KCl:Li Specific Heat specific heat roughly a factor of
More informationLigand isotope structure of the optical 7 F 0 \ 5 D 0 transition in EuCl 3 6H 2 O
PHYSICAL REVIEW B 8, 256 29 Ligand isotope structure of the optical 7 F \ 5 D transition in EuCl 3 6H 2 O R. L. Ahlefeldt, A. Smith, and M. J. Sellars Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and
More informationSuperflow in Solid Helium
Superflow in Solid Helium Abhishek Roy December 16, 2004 Abstract The small mass and significant zero point motion of solid 4 He make it very different from its conventional counterparts. In the seventies
More informationCooperative Phenomena
Cooperative Phenomena Frankfurt am Main Kaiserslautern Mainz B1, B2, B4, B6, B13N A7, A9, A12 A10, B5, B8 Materials Design - Synthesis & Modelling A3, A8, B1, B2, B4, B6, B9, B11, B13N A5, A7, A9, A12,
More informationChem 325 NMR Intro. The Electromagnetic Spectrum. Physical properties, chemical properties, formulas Shedding real light on molecular structure:
Physical properties, chemical properties, formulas Shedding real light on molecular structure: Wavelength Frequency ν Wavelength λ Frequency ν Velocity c = 2.998 10 8 m s -1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
More informationFrozen Spin Targets. In a Nutshell. Version 2.0. Chris Keith
Frozen Spin Targets In a Nutshell Version 2.0 Chris Keith Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (the simple model) Use Low Temperature + High Field to polarize free electrons (aka paramagnetic centers) in the target
More informationA Summary of Mass Flux Measurements in Solid 4 He
J Low Temp Phys (2012) 169:264 277 DOI 10.1007/s10909-012-0660-1 A Summary of Mass Flux Measurements in Solid 4 He R.B. Hallock M.W. Ray Y. Vekhov Received: 13 June 2012 / Accepted: 11 July 2012 / Published
More informationIntroduction to MRI. Spin & Magnetic Moments. Relaxation (T1, T2) Spin Echoes. 2DFT Imaging. K-space & Spatial Resolution.
Introduction to MRI Spin & Magnetic Moments Relaxation (T1, T2) Spin Echoes 2DFT Imaging Selective excitation, phase & frequency encoding K-space & Spatial Resolution Contrast (T1, T2) Acknowledgement:
More informationPHY451, Spring /5
PHY451, Spring 2011 Notes on Optical Pumping Procedure & Theory Procedure 1. Turn on the electronics and wait for the cell to warm up: ~ ½ hour. The oven should already e set to 50 C don t change this
More informationThe Low Temperature Physics of Thin Films Superconducting Tin and Monolayer Graphene
The Low Temperature Physics of Thin Films Superconducting Tin and Monolayer Graphene Abstract: The aim of this project was to investigate how the electrical resistance of a conductor changes if it is deposited
More informationNon Classical Rotational Inertia in Two Dimensional 4 He Solid on Graphite
Non Classical Rotational Inertia in Two Dimensional 4 He Solid on Graphite Yoshiyuki Shibayama Department of Physics, Keio University Collaborators Hiroshi Fukuyama The University of Tokyo Keiya Shirahama
More informationSuppression of the low-frequency decoherence by motion of the Bell-type states Andrey Vasenko
Suppression of the low-frequency decoherence by motion of the Bell-type states Andrey Vasenko School of Electronic Engineering, Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, Higher School of Economics
More informationNMR: Formalism & Techniques
NMR: Formalism & Techniques Vesna Mitrović, Brown University Boulder Summer School, 2008 Why NMR? - Local microscopic & bulk probe - Can be performed on relatively small samples (~1 mg +) & no contacts
More informationHow does this work? How does this method differ from ordinary MRI?
361-Lec41 Tue 18nov14 How does this work? How does this method differ from ordinary MRI? NEW kinds of MRI (magnetic resononance imaging (MRI) Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractographic reconstruction
More informationAndrea Morello. Nuclear spin dynamics in quantum regime of a single-molecule. magnet. UBC Physics & Astronomy
Nuclear spin dynamics in quantum regime of a single-molecule magnet Andrea Morello UBC Physics & Astronomy Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory Leiden University Nuclear spins in SMMs Intrinsic source of decoherence
More informationNMR Spectroscopy Laboratory Experiment Introduction. 2. Theory
1. Introduction 64-311 Laboratory Experiment 11 NMR Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful and theoretically complex analytical tool. This experiment will introduce to
More informationGeneral NMR basics. Solid State NMR workshop 2011: An introduction to Solid State NMR spectroscopy. # nuclei
: An introduction to Solid State NMR spectroscopy Dr. Susanne Causemann (Solid State NMR specialist/ researcher) Interaction between nuclear spins and applied magnetic fields B 0 application of a static
More informationThe paper is well written and prepared, apart from a few grammatical corrections that the editors can find.
Reviewers' comments: Reviewer #1 (Remarks to the Author): The manuscript by Desvaux and colleagues describes a novel application of spin-noise spectroscopy, a concept developed by Slean, Hahn and coworkers
More informationSpin Relaxation and NOEs BCMB/CHEM 8190
Spin Relaxation and NOEs BCMB/CHEM 8190 T 1, T 2 (reminder), NOE T 1 is the time constant for longitudinal relaxation - the process of re-establishing the Boltzmann distribution of the energy level populations
More informationThe Proton Magnetic Moment
Georg Schneider on behalf of the BASE collaboration March 9, 2016, Kanazawa 1. Theoretical basics Who we are? Measurement principle The double Penning trap method Experimental setup Milestones 2 / 25 Who
More informationFundamental MRI Principles Module Two
Fundamental MRI Principles Module Two 1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance There are three main subatomic particles: protons neutrons electrons positively charged no significant charge negatively charged Protons
More informationTemperature Effects in Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy. Allen Majewski Department of Physics University of Florida Fall 2016
Temperature Effects in Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy Allen Majewski Department of Physics University of Florida Fall 2016 Overview What is nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR)? NMR vs NQR Electric
More informationTemperature Waves in SRF Research
4th International Particle Accelerator Conference Shanghai China May 12 17, 2013 Temperature Waves in SRF Research Nicholas Valles, Andrei Ganshin, Don Hartill, Georg Hoffstaetter, Xiao Mi and Eric Smith
More informationSupersolidity of excitons
Supersolidity of excitons Michał Matuszewski Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Thomas R. Taylor and Alexey V. Kavokin University of Southampton, UK ISNP 2012, Phuket Outline 1. What
More informationMRI Physics I: Spins, Excitation, Relaxation
MRI Physics I: Spins, Excitation, Relaxation Douglas C. Noll Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Michigan Functional MRI Laboratory Outline Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
More informationIntroduction. Resonant Cooling of Nuclear Spins in Quantum Dots
Introduction Resonant Cooling of Nuclear Spins in Quantum Dots Mark Rudner Massachusetts Institute of Technology For related details see: M. S. Rudner and L. S. Levitov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 036602 (2007);
More informationRelaxation. Ravinder Reddy
Relaxation Ravinder Reddy Relaxation What is nuclear spin relaxation? What causes it? Effect on spectral line width Field dependence Mechanisms Thermal equilibrium ~10-6 spins leads to NMR signal! T1 Spin-lattice
More informationPII S X(98) DEPHASING OF HAHN ECHO IN ROCKS BY DIFFUSION IN SUSCEPTIBILITY- INDUCED FIELD INHOMOGENEITIES
PII S0730-725X(98)00059-9 Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Vol. 16, Nos. 5/6, pp. 535 539, 1998 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. 0730-725X/98 $19.00.00 Contributed Paper DEPHASING
More informationTransition to Turbulence and Critical Velocity in Superfluid Solution of 3 He in 4 He
Journal of Low Temperature Physics - QFS2009 manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Transition to Turbulence and Critical Velocity in Superfluid Solution of 3 He in 4 He I. A. Gritsenko A. A.
More informationUnsolved Mysteries of the Universe: Looking for Clues in Surprising Places
The 64 th Compton Lecture Series Unsolved Mysteries of the Universe: Looking for Clues in Surprising Places http://kicp.uchicago.edu/~odom/compton.htm Lecture 5: Using the Fine Structure Constant to Push
More informationExperimental Investigation of Mobility Changes of Negative Ions in Superfluid Helium due to Photo-excitation
J Low Temp Phys (2014) 175:70 77 DOI 10.1007/s10909-013-0983-6 Experimental Investigation of Mobility Changes of Negative Ions in Superfluid Helium due to Photo-excitation W. Wei Z.-L. Xie G.M. Seidel
More informationMeasuring Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time
WJP, PHY381 (2009) Wabash Journal of Physics v4.0, p.1 Measuring Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time L.W. Lupinski, R. Paudel, and M.J. Madsen Department of Physics, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, IN 47933 (Dated:
More informationFor a complex order parameter the Landau expansion of the free energy for small would be. hc A. (9)
Physics 17c: Statistical Mechanics Superconductivity: Ginzburg-Landau Theory Some of the key ideas for the Landau mean field description of phase transitions were developed in the context of superconductivity.
More informationNMR/MRI examination (8N080 / 3F240)
NMR/MRI examination (8N080 / 3F240) Remarks: 1. This test consists of 3 problems with at total of 26 sub-questions. 2. Questions are in English. You are allowed to answer them in English or Dutch. 3. Please
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Log
Objective The development of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) log was fueled by the desire to obtain an estimate of permeability from a continuous measurement. Previous work had relied on empirical
More informationChapter 7. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Chapter 7 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy I. Introduction 1924, W. Pauli proposed that certain atomic nuclei have spin and magnetic moment and exposure to magnetic field would lead to energy level
More informationMagnetization Gradients, k-space and Molecular Diffusion. Magnetic field gradients, magnetization gratings and k-space
2256 Magnetization Gradients k-space and Molecular Diffusion Magnetic field gradients magnetization gratings and k-space In order to record an image of a sample (or obtain other spatial information) there
More informationCollective Effects. Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics
Collective Effects in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics: Lecture 3, 3 March 2006 Collective Effects in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics Website: http://cncs.bnu.edu.cn/mccross/course/ Caltech
More informationNMR Spectroscopy. Guangjin Hou
NMR Spectroscopy Guangjin Hou 22-04-2009 NMR History 1 H NMR spectra of water H NMR spectra of water (First NMR Spectra on Water, 1946) 1 H NMR spectra ethanol (First bservation of the Chemical Shift,
More informationLong-lived spin echoes in magnetically diluted system: an NMR study of the Ge single crystals Alexander M. Panich,
Long-lived spin echoes in magnetically diluted system: an NMR study of the Ge single crystals Alexander M. Panich, Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel N. A. Sergeev,
More informationBiomedical Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Biomedical Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging Charles A. DiMarzio & Eric Kercher EECE 4649 Northeastern University May 2018 Background and History Measurement of Nuclear Spins Widely used in physics/chemistry
More informationPhysical fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging
Physical fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging Stepan Sereda University of Bonn 1 / 26 Why? Figure 1 : Full body MRI scan (Source: [4]) 2 / 26 Overview Spin angular momentum Rotating frame and interaction
More informationSuppression of Static Magnetic Field in Diffusion Measurements of Heterogeneous Materials
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 5, NO. 1, 2009 81 Suppression of Static Magnetic Field in Diffusion Measurements of Heterogeneous Materials Eva Gescheidtova 1 and Karel Bartusek 2 1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering
More informationUses of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in Metal Hydrides and Deuterides. Mark S. Conradi
Uses of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in Metal Hydrides and Deuterides Mark S. Conradi Washington University Department of Physics St. Louis, MO 63130-4899 USA msc@physics.wustl.edu 1 Uses of Nuclear
More informationNMR Spectroscopy of Polymers
UNESCO/IUPAC Course 2005/2006 Jiri Brus NMR Spectroscopy of Polymers Brus J 1. part At the very beginning the phenomenon of nuclear spin resonance was studied predominantly by physicists and the application
More informationWith that first concept in mind, it is seen that a spinning nucleus creates a magnetic field, like a bar magnet
NMR SPECTROSCOPY This section will discuss the basics of NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. Most of the section will discuss mainly 1H or proton spectroscopy but the most popular nuclei in
More informationA Hands on Introduction to NMR Lecture #1 Nuclear Spin and Magnetic Resonance
A Hands on Introduction to NMR 22.920 Lecture #1 Nuclear Spin and Magnetic Resonance Introduction - The aim of this short course is to present a physical picture of the basic principles of Nuclear Magnetic
More informationNMR course at the FMP: NMR of organic compounds and small biomolecules - II -
NMR course at the FMP: NMR of organic compounds and small biomolecules - II - 16.03.2009 The program 2/76 CW vs. FT NMR What is a pulse? Vectormodel Water-flip-back 3/76 CW vs. FT CW vs. FT 4/76 Two methods
More informationA parametric amplification measurement scheme for MEMS in highly damped media. Cadee Hall. Department of Physics, University of Florida
A parametric amplification measurement scheme for MEMS in highly damped media Cadee Hall Department of Physics, University of Florida Lee Research Group 1 ABSTRACT Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance PRINCIPLES OF NMR SPECTROSCOPY Contents Principles of nuclear magnetic resonance The nmr spectrometer Basic principles in nmr application NMR tools used to obtain information
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Three Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Na 3 Bi
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Three Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Na 3 Bi Amelia Estry December 28, 2015 Abstract Dirac semimetals (DS) possess promising electrical characteristics because the shape
More informationWe shall operate the maser with ±14 kv applied. References
IV. MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY Prof. M. W. P. Strandberg J. G. Ingersoll R. D. Mattuck Prof. R. L. Kyhl B. Josephson, Jr. J. J.. McNicholl Dr. C. F. Davis, Jr. J. D. Kierstead R. E. Norris, Jr. S. A. Collins,
More informationSuperfluidity in Hydrogen-Deuterium Mixed Clusters
Journal of Low Temperature Physics - QFS2009 manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Superfluidity in Hydrogen-Deuterium Mixed Clusters Soomin Shim Yongkyung Kwon Received: date / Accepted: date
More informationAtomic Quantum number summary. From last time. Na Optical spectrum. Another possibility: Stimulated emission. How do atomic transitions occur?
From last time Hydrogen atom Multi-electron atoms This week s honors lecture: Prof. Brad Christian, Positron Emission Tomography Course evaluations next week Tues. Prof Montaruli Thurs. Prof. Rzchowski
More informationNew phases of liquid 3 He at low temperature
New phases of liquid 3 He at low temperature Jitong Yu December 11, 2007 1. Abstract This paper introduces the properties of superfluid 3 He by a brief review of the history of experimental discovery and
More informationTexture and Vortex of Rotating Superfluid
Texture and Vortex of Rotating Superfluid 3 He-A in Parallel-Plate Geometry M. Yamashita 2, K. Izumina 1, A. Matsubara 3, Y. Sasaki 3, O. Ishikawa 4, T. Takagi 5, M. Kubota 1, and T. Mizusaki 6 Abstract
More informationOverview of Experiments for Magnetic Torque
Overview of Experiments for Magnetic Torque General Description of Apparatus The Magnetic Torque instrument consists of a pair of Helmholtz like coils with a brass air bearing mounted in the middle. (The
More informationUnilateral NMR of Activated Carbon
Unilateral NMR of Activated Carbon Stuart Brewer 2, Hans Adriaensen 1, Martin Bencsik 1, Glen McHale 1 and Martin W Smith 2 [1]: Nottingham Trent University (NTU), UK [2]: Defence Science and Technology
More informationHigh-eld cyclotron resonance studies of InMnAs-based ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructures
vailable online at www.sciencedirect.com Physica E 21 (24) 978 982 www.elsevier.com/locate/physe High-eld cyclotron resonance studies of InMns-based ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructures G.. Khodaparast
More informationAus: Daniel Schroeder An introduction to thermal physics, Pearson Verlag
Ω A q B Ω B Ω total 0 00 8 0 8 8 0 8 00 99 9 0 80 8 0 8 0 98 0 80 0 8 00 97 0 0 80 0 8 0 8 9 0 79 0 88 9 0 8 0 8 0 0 0 9 0 0 9 0 77 0 9 9 88 0 8 0 00 7 0 9 0 7 0 9 9 0 Ω total ( 0 ) 7 0 0 0 00 N, q few
More informationRecent results in microwave and rf spectroscopy of two-dimensional electron solids
J. Phys. IV France 131 (2005) 241 245 C EDP Sciences, Les Ulis DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2005131061 Recent results in microwave and rf spectroscopy of two-dimensional electron solids R.M. Lewis 1,2, Y.P. Chen 1,2,
More informationD Target for Electro- production Experiments. A.M. Sandorfi
A Possible H!! D Target for Electro- production Experiments A.M. Sandorfi (BNL!JLab) motivating factors for transversely polarized targets frozen-spin! H! D and performance with photon beams factors limiting
More informationNMRis the most valuable spectroscopic technique for organic chemists because it maps the carbon-hydrogen framework of a molecule.
Chapter 13: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy NMRis the most valuable spectroscopic technique for organic chemists because it maps the carbon-hydrogen framework of a molecule. 13.2 The nature of
More informationarxiv: v2 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 24 Jan 2011
Coherence of nitrogen-vacancy electronic spin ensembles in diamond arxiv:006.49v [cond-mat.mes-hall] 4 Jan 0 P. L. Stanwix,, L. M. Pham, J. R. Maze, 4, 5 D. Le Sage, T. K. Yeung, P. Cappellaro, 6 P. R.
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY NOTE 1: ADDITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANODIAMOND SOLUTIONS AND THE OVERHAUSER EFFECT
1 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE 1: ADDITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANODIAMOND SOLUTIONS AND THE OVERHAUSER EFFECT Nanodiamond (ND) solutions were prepared using high power probe sonication and analyzed by dynamic
More informationUniversal conductance fluctuation of mesoscopic systems in the metal-insulator crossover regime
Universal conductance fluctuation of mesoscopic systems in the metal-insulator crossover regime Zhenhua Qiao, Yanxia Xing, and Jian Wang* Department of Physics and the Center of Theoretical and Computational
More informationLinear and nonlinear spectroscopy
Linear and nonlinear spectroscopy We ve seen that we can determine molecular frequencies and dephasing rates (for electronic, vibrational, or spin degrees of freedom) from frequency-domain or timedomain
More informationSolid state 13 Cand 1 H MAS NMR investigations of C 60 (ferrocene-d 10 ) 2 complex
Spectroscopy 17 (2003) 39 44 39 IOS Press Solid state 13 Cand 1 H MAS NMR investigations of C 60 (ferrocene-d 10 ) 2 complex E. Shabanova, K. Schaumburg and F.S. Kamounah CISMI, Department of Chemistry,
More information'H NMR Techniques in Studies of Transport of Paramagnetic Ions in Multicellular Systems
Gen. Physiol. Biophys. (1987), 6, 609 615 609 'H NMR Techniques in Studies of Transport of Paramagnetic Ions in Multicellular Systems S. RATKOVIČ 1 AND G. BAČIČ 2 1 Department of Technology and Chemical
More information