LESSON 11: TRIANGLE FORMULAE

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "LESSON 11: TRIANGLE FORMULAE"

Transcription

1 . THE SEMIPERIMETER OF TRINGLE LESSON : TRINGLE FORMULE In wht follows, will hve sides, nd, nd these will e opposite ngles, nd respetively. y the tringle inequlity, nd..() So ll of, & re positive rel numers. The perimeter of is + + nd its semiperimeter is s. This quntity plys very importnt role in lultions, s we shll presently see. It is esily seen tht s s..() s nd y the tringle inequlities, ll these re positive. In this lesson, we shll lulte three importnt onstnts ssoited with tringle, nmely, its re, the rdius of its insried irle (lled the inirle) nd the rdius of the (unique) irle tht psses through the three verties, tht is, the irumirle of. ll these will e lulted in terms of, nd. The symol R is used to denote rdius of the irumsried irle of.. THE SIN RULE The sin rule for tringle sys tht the rtio of side of tringle to the sin of the ngle opposite it, is the sme, regrdless of the ngle seleted. More preisely, O sin sin sin tully is sys little more, nmely, tht this onstnt numer is tully the dimeter of the irumsried irle of. D

2 Refer to the figure longside. The irumentre is O, nd the onstrution is to drw the dimeter D through. So D = R. Now, dimeter of irle sutends right ngle t the irumferene, so ngle D = 90. So D is right ngled tringle nd sin D. So R. ut ngles nd D re R sin D oth sutended y the sme hord, nmely,. Therefore D nd R = dimeter of sin irumirle. In like mnner, the other two rtios n lso e shown to e equl to the dimeter. So.3 THE OS RULE THE SIN RULE: R.(3) sin sin sin There is lso osine rule. It is rule wherey the osine of ny ngle of tringle n e epressed in terms of the three sides. The onstrution here is to drw the ltitude D. Let = D. Then D =. Using the theorem of Pythgors, we hve the following: D ( ) - D Hene. ut os so os, from whih follows the osine rule: os For eh side of the tringle, there is osine rule: os os os () The sin nd the osine rules hold lso for otuse ngled tringles tringles, lthough our proofs were only for ute ngled tringles.. RE FORMUL (): We re fmilir with the formul tht gives the re of tringle s one hlf the produt of its se nd height. Tht is,

3 h h h, so sin h. Sustitute to get: sin. This gives the re of the tringle, given two sides nd Now sin n inluded ngle. There is nothing speil out ngle ; there re three suh formul; sin sin sin. D sin sin sin, (5).5 RE OF TRINGLE () : HERON S FORMUL Wht is the re of tringle whose three sides re given? Heron s formul nswers this question. HERON S FORMUL: The re of tringle whose sides re, nd is given y: s( s )( s )( s )...(6) where s is its semiperimeter. Proof: From eqution 5, so sin sin ( os ) ( os )( os )...(from eqution ) 3

4 ( )( ) 6 ( ) ( ) 6 ( ) ) ( ) 6 ( )( )( ) ( ) 6 s( s )( s )( s )...from eqution () The result now follows..6 RDII OF THE IRUMSRIED ND INSRIED IRLES.6. The rdius of the irumsried irle Rell tht R Hene sin...from eqution (3) R sin sin...from eqution (5) R=...(7) s( s - )( s - )( s - )

5 .6. The rdius of the insried irle The three isetors of the ngles of tringle meet t one point, whih is usully nmed I. If, from I, perpendiulrs re drwn to the three sides, they ll hve the sme length, sy, r. The irle entred t I nd hving rdius r, touhes ll three sides the sides re tngent to this irle. It is this r tht we shll now lulte. r k I r r If denotes the re of the tringle, we see tht is the sum of the res of three tringles, whih re swept out when I is joined to the three verties. If, nd re tken to e the ses of these tringles, then they ll hve the sme height, nmely, r. We n onlude: r r r r sr Hene sr r s s( s )( s )( s )...(8) s using Heron s formul..7 THE TRINGLE INEQULITY Finlly, the quntities s, s, nd s turn out to e preisely the distne etween the verties nd the points of ontt with the insried irle. More preisely: Let, y nd z e the lengths of the tngents from the verties of the tringle, to the points of ontt. (See digrm elow). The two tngents drwn from point outside the irle hve the sme lengths. From the digrm, the perimeter of the tringle is + y + z. ut the perimeter is lso twie the semiperimeter, tht is s. Hene s = + y + z, nd s = +y + z. From the digrm gin, it is ler tht y y z z y y z z 5

6 It therefore follows tht s - y - s - z s - ( y z) yz 0, y 0, z 0 (9) The lst set of inequlities is just nother wy of writing the tringle inequlities. So our digrm eomes; s- s- s- s- s- s- 6

CHENG Chun Chor Litwin The Hong Kong Institute of Education

CHENG Chun Chor Litwin The Hong Kong Institute of Education PE-hing Mi terntionl onferene IV: novtion of Mthemtis Tehing nd Lerning through Lesson Study- onnetion etween ssessment nd Sujet Mtter HENG hun hor Litwin The Hong Kong stitute of Edution Report on using

More information

PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES

PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES PROPERTIES OF TRINGLES. RELTION RETWEEN SIDES ND NGLES OF TRINGLE:. tringle onsists of three sides nd three ngles lled elements of the tringle. In ny tringle,,, denotes the ngles of the tringle t the verties.

More information

April 8, 2017 Math 9. Geometry. Solving vector problems. Problem. Prove that if vectors and satisfy, then.

April 8, 2017 Math 9. Geometry. Solving vector problems. Problem. Prove that if vectors and satisfy, then. pril 8, 2017 Mth 9 Geometry Solving vetor prolems Prolem Prove tht if vetors nd stisfy, then Solution 1 onsider the vetor ddition prllelogrm shown in the Figure Sine its digonls hve equl length,, the prllelogrm

More information

Math Lesson 4-5 The Law of Cosines

Math Lesson 4-5 The Law of Cosines Mth-1060 Lesson 4-5 The Lw of osines Solve using Lw of Sines. 1 17 11 5 15 13 SS SSS Every pir of loops will hve unknowns. Every pir of loops will hve unknowns. We need nother eqution. h Drop nd ltitude

More information

Geometry of the Circle - Chords and Angles. Geometry of the Circle. Chord and Angles. Curriculum Ready ACMMG: 272.

Geometry of the Circle - Chords and Angles. Geometry of the Circle. Chord and Angles. Curriculum Ready ACMMG: 272. Geometry of the irle - hords nd ngles Geometry of the irle hord nd ngles urriulum Redy MMG: 272 www.mthletis.om hords nd ngles HRS N NGLES The irle is si shpe nd so it n e found lmost nywhere. This setion

More information

Mathematics 10 Page 1 of 5 Properties of Triangle s and Quadrilaterals. Isosceles Triangle. - 2 sides and 2 corresponding.

Mathematics 10 Page 1 of 5 Properties of Triangle s and Quadrilaterals. Isosceles Triangle. - 2 sides and 2 corresponding. Mthemtis 10 Pge 1 of 5 Properties of s Pthgoren Theorem 2 2 2 used to find the length of sides of right tringle Tpe of s nd Some s Theorems ngles s Slene Isoseles Equilterl ute - ll ngles re less thn 90

More information

PYTHAGORAS THEOREM,TRIGONOMETRY,BEARINGS AND THREE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS

PYTHAGORAS THEOREM,TRIGONOMETRY,BEARINGS AND THREE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS PYTHGORS THEOREM,TRIGONOMETRY,ERINGS ND THREE DIMENSIONL PROLEMS 1.1 PYTHGORS THEOREM: 1. The Pythgors Theorem sttes tht the squre of the hypotenuse is equl to the sum of the squres of the other two sides

More information

Trigonometry and Constructive Geometry

Trigonometry and Constructive Geometry Trigonometry nd Construtive Geometry Trining prolems for M2 2018 term 1 Ted Szylowie tedszy@gmil.om 1 Leling geometril figures 1. Prtie writing Greek letters. αβγδɛθλµπψ 2. Lel the sides, ngles nd verties

More information

Proving the Pythagorean Theorem

Proving the Pythagorean Theorem Proving the Pythgoren Theorem W. Bline Dowler June 30, 2010 Astrt Most people re fmilir with the formul 2 + 2 = 2. However, in most ses, this ws presented in lssroom s n solute with no ttempt t proof or

More information

Trigonometry Revision Sheet Q5 of Paper 2

Trigonometry Revision Sheet Q5 of Paper 2 Trigonometry Revision Sheet Q of Pper The Bsis - The Trigonometry setion is ll out tringles. We will normlly e given some of the sides or ngles of tringle nd we use formule nd rules to find the others.

More information

Activities. 4.1 Pythagoras' Theorem 4.2 Spirals 4.3 Clinometers 4.4 Radar 4.5 Posting Parcels 4.6 Interlocking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes and Solutions

Activities. 4.1 Pythagoras' Theorem 4.2 Spirals 4.3 Clinometers 4.4 Radar 4.5 Posting Parcels 4.6 Interlocking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes and Solutions MEP: Demonstrtion Projet UNIT 4: Trigonometry UNIT 4 Trigonometry tivities tivities 4. Pythgors' Theorem 4.2 Spirls 4.3 linometers 4.4 Rdr 4.5 Posting Prels 4.6 Interloking Pipes 4.7 Sine Rule Notes nd

More information

Non Right Angled Triangles

Non Right Angled Triangles Non Right ngled Tringles Non Right ngled Tringles urriulum Redy www.mthletis.om Non Right ngled Tringles NON RIGHT NGLED TRINGLES sin i, os i nd tn i re lso useful in non-right ngled tringles. This unit

More information

Basic Angle Rules 5. A Short Hand Geometric Reasons. B Two Reasons. 1 Write in full the meaning of these short hand geometric reasons.

Basic Angle Rules 5. A Short Hand Geometric Reasons. B Two Reasons. 1 Write in full the meaning of these short hand geometric reasons. si ngle Rules 5 6 Short Hnd Geometri Resons 1 Write in full the mening of these short hnd geometri resons. Short Hnd Reson Full Mening ) se s isos Δ re =. ) orr s // lines re =. ) sum s t pt = 360. d)

More information

Maintaining Mathematical Proficiency

Maintaining Mathematical Proficiency Nme Dte hpter 9 Mintining Mthemtil Profiieny Simplify the epression. 1. 500. 189 3. 5 4. 4 3 5. 11 5 6. 8 Solve the proportion. 9 3 14 7. = 8. = 9. 1 7 5 4 = 4 10. 0 6 = 11. 7 4 10 = 1. 5 9 15 3 = 5 +

More information

1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1. Given a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.

1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1. Given a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. 1 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1 1 Pythgors Theorem In this setion we will present geometri proof of the fmous theorem of Pythgors. Given right ngled tringle, the squre of the hypotenuse is equl to the sum of the

More information

Lesson-5 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES

Lesson-5 PROPERTIES AND SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES Leon-5 PROPERTIES ND SOLUTIONS OF TRINGLES Reltion etween the ide nd trigonometri rtio of the ngle of tringle In ny tringle, the ide, oppoite to the ngle, i denoted y ; the ide nd, oppoite to the ngle

More information

m m m m m m m m P m P m ( ) m m P( ) ( ). The o-ordinte of the point P( ) dividing the line segment joining the two points ( ) nd ( ) eternll in the r

m m m m m m m m P m P m ( ) m m P( ) ( ). The o-ordinte of the point P( ) dividing the line segment joining the two points ( ) nd ( ) eternll in the r CO-ORDINTE GEOMETR II I Qudrnt Qudrnt (-.+) (++) X X - - - 0 - III IV Qudrnt - Qudrnt (--) - (+-) Region CRTESIN CO-ORDINTE SSTEM : Retngulr Co-ordinte Sstem : Let X' OX nd 'O e two mutull perpendiulr

More information

m A 1 1 A ! and AC 6

m A 1 1 A ! and AC 6 REVIEW SET A Using sle of m represents units, sketh vetor to represent: NON-CALCULATOR n eroplne tking off t n ngle of 8 ± to runw with speed of 6 ms displement of m in north-esterl diretion. Simplif:

More information

Two Triads of Congruent Circles from Reflections

Two Triads of Congruent Circles from Reflections Forum Geometriorum Volume 8 (2008) 7 12. FRUM GEM SSN 1534-1178 Two Trids of ongruent irles from Refletions Qung Tun ui strt. Given tringle, we onstrut two trids of ongruent irles through the verties,

More information

Proportions: A ratio is the quotient of two numbers. For example, 2 3

Proportions: A ratio is the quotient of two numbers. For example, 2 3 Proportions: rtio is the quotient of two numers. For exmple, 2 3 is rtio of 2 n 3. n equlity of two rtios is proportion. For exmple, 3 7 = 15 is proportion. 45 If two sets of numers (none of whih is 0)

More information

Triangles The following examples explore aspects of triangles:

Triangles The following examples explore aspects of triangles: Tringles The following exmples explore spects of tringles: xmple 1: ltitude of right ngled tringle + xmple : tringle ltitude of the symmetricl ltitude of n isosceles x x - 4 +x xmple 3: ltitude of the

More information

Mathematics. Area under Curve.

Mathematics. Area under Curve. Mthemtics Are under Curve www.testprepkrt.com Tle of Content 1. Introduction.. Procedure of Curve Sketching. 3. Sketching of Some common Curves. 4. Are of Bounded Regions. 5. Sign convention for finding

More information

Something found at a salad bar

Something found at a salad bar Nme PP Something found t sld r 4.7 Notes RIGHT TRINGLE hs extly one right ngle. To solve right tringle, you n use things like SOH-H-TO nd the Pythgoren Theorem. n OLIQUE TRINGLE hs no right ngles. To solve

More information

Section 1.3 Triangles

Section 1.3 Triangles Se 1.3 Tringles 21 Setion 1.3 Tringles LELING TRINGLE The line segments tht form tringle re lled the sides of the tringle. Eh pir of sides forms n ngle, lled n interior ngle, nd eh tringle hs three interior

More information

2. There are an infinite number of possible triangles, all similar, with three given angles whose sum is 180.

2. There are an infinite number of possible triangles, all similar, with three given angles whose sum is 180. SECTION 8-1 11 CHAPTER 8 Setion 8 1. There re n infinite numer of possile tringles, ll similr, with three given ngles whose sum is 180. 4. If two ngles α nd β of tringle re known, the third ngle n e found

More information

Comparing the Pre-image and Image of a Dilation

Comparing the Pre-image and Image of a Dilation hpter Summry Key Terms Postultes nd Theorems similr tringles (.1) inluded ngle (.2) inluded side (.2) geometri men (.) indiret mesurement (.6) ngle-ngle Similrity Theorem (.2) Side-Side-Side Similrity

More information

Introduction to Olympiad Inequalities

Introduction to Olympiad Inequalities Introdution to Olympid Inequlities Edutionl Studies Progrm HSSP Msshusetts Institute of Tehnology Snj Simonovikj Spring 207 Contents Wrm up nd Am-Gm inequlity 2. Elementry inequlities......................

More information

GM1 Consolidation Worksheet

GM1 Consolidation Worksheet Cmridge Essentils Mthemtis Core 8 GM1 Consolidtion Worksheet GM1 Consolidtion Worksheet 1 Clulte the size of eh ngle mrked y letter. Give resons for your nswers. or exmple, ngles on stright line dd up

More information

MCH T 111 Handout Triangle Review Page 1 of 3

MCH T 111 Handout Triangle Review Page 1 of 3 Hnout Tringle Review Pge of 3 In the stuy of sttis, it is importnt tht you e le to solve lgeri equtions n tringle prolems using trigonometry. The following is review of trigonometry sis. Right Tringle:

More information

A Study on the Properties of Rational Triangles

A Study on the Properties of Rational Triangles Interntionl Journl of Mthemtis Reserh. ISSN 0976-5840 Volume 6, Numer (04), pp. 8-9 Interntionl Reserh Pulition House http://www.irphouse.om Study on the Properties of Rtionl Tringles M. Q. lm, M.R. Hssn

More information

VECTOR ALGEBRA. Syllabus :

VECTOR ALGEBRA. Syllabus : MV VECTOR ALGEBRA Syllus : Vetors nd Slrs, ddition of vetors, omponent of vetor, omponents of vetor in two dimensions nd three dimensionl spe, slr nd vetor produts, slr nd vetor triple produt. Einstein

More information

MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 1.6

MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 1.6 MTHMTIS N STTISTIS 1.6 pply geometri resoning in solving prolems ternlly ssessed 4 redits S 91031 inding unknown ngles When finding the size of unknown ngles in figure, t lest two steps of resoning will

More information

Pythagoras Theorem. The area of the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides

Pythagoras Theorem. The area of the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides Pythgors theorem nd trigonometry Pythgors Theorem The hypotenuse of right-ngled tringle is the longest side The hypotenuse is lwys opposite the right-ngle 2 = 2 + 2 or 2 = 2-2 or 2 = 2-2 The re of the

More information

2.1 ANGLES AND THEIR MEASURE. y I

2.1 ANGLES AND THEIR MEASURE. y I .1 ANGLES AND THEIR MEASURE Given two interseting lines or line segments, the mount of rottion out the point of intersetion (the vertex) required to ring one into orrespondene with the other is lled the

More information

5. Every rational number have either terminating or repeating (recurring) decimal representation.

5. Every rational number have either terminating or repeating (recurring) decimal representation. CHAPTER NUMBER SYSTEMS Points to Rememer :. Numer used for ounting,,,,... re known s Nturl numers.. All nturl numers together with zero i.e. 0,,,,,... re known s whole numers.. All nturl numers, zero nd

More information

Naming the sides of a right-angled triangle

Naming the sides of a right-angled triangle 6.2 Wht is trigonometry? The word trigonometry is derived from the Greek words trigonon (tringle) nd metron (mesurement). Thus, it literlly mens to mesure tringle. Trigonometry dels with the reltionship

More information

S56 (5.3) Vectors.notebook January 29, 2016

S56 (5.3) Vectors.notebook January 29, 2016 Dily Prctice 15.1.16 Q1. The roots of the eqution (x 1)(x + k) = 4 re equl. Find the vlues of k. Q2. Find the rte of chnge of 剹 x when x = 1 / 8 Tody we will e lerning out vectors. Q3. Find the eqution

More information

R(3, 8) P( 3, 0) Q( 2, 2) S(5, 3) Q(2, 32) P(0, 8) Higher Mathematics Objective Test Practice Book. 1 The diagram shows a sketch of part of

R(3, 8) P( 3, 0) Q( 2, 2) S(5, 3) Q(2, 32) P(0, 8) Higher Mathematics Objective Test Practice Book. 1 The diagram shows a sketch of part of Higher Mthemtics Ojective Test Prctice ook The digrm shows sketch of prt of the grph of f ( ). The digrm shows sketch of the cuic f ( ). R(, 8) f ( ) f ( ) P(, ) Q(, ) S(, ) Wht re the domin nd rnge of

More information

( ) { } [ ] { } [ ) { } ( ] { }

( ) { } [ ] { } [ ) { } ( ] { } Mth 65 Prelulus Review Properties of Inequlities 1. > nd > >. > + > +. > nd > 0 > 4. > nd < 0 < Asolute Vlue, if 0, if < 0 Properties of Asolute Vlue > 0 1. < < > or

More information

In right-angled triangles the square on the side subtending the right angle is equal to the squares on the sides containing the right angle.

In right-angled triangles the square on the side subtending the right angle is equal to the squares on the sides containing the right angle. Mth 3329-Uniform Geometries Leture 06 1. Review of trigonometry While we re looking t Eulid s Elements, I d like to look t some si trigonometry. Figure 1. The Pythgoren theorem sttes tht if = 90, then

More information

Pythagoras theorem and surds

Pythagoras theorem and surds HPTER Mesurement nd Geometry Pythgors theorem nd surds In IE-EM Mthemtis Yer 8, you lernt out the remrkle reltionship etween the lengths of the sides of right-ngled tringle. This result is known s Pythgors

More information

Trigonometry. Trigonometry. labelling conventions. Evaluation of areas of non-right-angled triangles using the formulas A = 1 ab sin (C )

Trigonometry. Trigonometry. labelling conventions. Evaluation of areas of non-right-angled triangles using the formulas A = 1 ab sin (C ) 8 8 Pythgors theorem 8 Pythgoren trids 8 Three-dimensionl Pythgors theorem 8D Trigonometri rtios 8E The sine rule 8F miguous se of the sine rule 8G The osine rule 8H Speil tringles 8I re of tringles res

More information

Topics Covered: Pythagoras Theorem Definition of sin, cos and tan Solving right-angle triangles Sine and cosine rule

Topics Covered: Pythagoras Theorem Definition of sin, cos and tan Solving right-angle triangles Sine and cosine rule Trigonometry Topis overed: Pythgors Theorem Definition of sin, os nd tn Solving right-ngle tringles Sine nd osine rule Lelling right-ngle tringle Opposite (Side opposite the ngle θ) Hypotenuse (Side opposite

More information

Intermediate Math Circles Wednesday 17 October 2012 Geometry II: Side Lengths

Intermediate Math Circles Wednesday 17 October 2012 Geometry II: Side Lengths Intermedite Mth Cirles Wednesdy 17 Otoer 01 Geometry II: Side Lengths Lst week we disussed vrious ngle properties. As we progressed through the evening, we proved mny results. This week, we will look t

More information

MATHEMATICS STUDY MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES & HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES AIEEE NARAYANA INSTITUTE OF CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

MATHEMATICS STUDY MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES & HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES AIEEE NARAYANA INSTITUTE OF CORRESPONDENCE COURSES MTHEMTIS STUDY MTERIL PROPERTIES ND SOLUTIONS OF TRINGLES & HEIGHTS ND DISTNES IEEE NRYN FNS HOUSE, 6 KLU SRI MRKET SRVPRIY VIHR, NEW DELHI-006 PH.: (0) 00//50 FX : (0) 880 Wesite : w w w. n r y n i. m

More information

H (2a, a) (u 2a) 2 (E) Show that u v 4a. Explain why this implies that u v 4a, with equality if and only u a if u v 2a.

H (2a, a) (u 2a) 2 (E) Show that u v 4a. Explain why this implies that u v 4a, with equality if and only u a if u v 2a. Chpter Review 89 IGURE ol hord GH of the prol 4. G u v H (, ) (A) Use the distne formul to show tht u. (B) Show tht G nd H lie on the line m, where m ( )/( ). (C) Solve m for nd sustitute in 4, otining

More information

3 Angle Geometry. 3.1 Measuring Angles. 1. Using a protractor, measure the marked angles.

3 Angle Geometry. 3.1 Measuring Angles. 1. Using a protractor, measure the marked angles. 3 ngle Geometry MEP Prtie ook S3 3.1 Mesuring ngles 1. Using protrtor, mesure the mrked ngles. () () (d) (e) (f) 2. Drw ngles with the following sizes. () 22 () 75 120 (d) 90 (e) 153 (f) 45 (g) 180 (h)

More information

GEOMETRY OF THE CIRCLE TANGENTS & SECANTS

GEOMETRY OF THE CIRCLE TANGENTS & SECANTS Geometry Of The ircle Tngents & Secnts GEOMETRY OF THE IRLE TNGENTS & SENTS www.mthletics.com.u Tngents TNGENTS nd N Secnts SENTS Tngents nd secnts re lines tht strt outside circle. Tngent touches the

More information

Lesson 2: The Pythagorean Theorem and Similar Triangles. A Brief Review of the Pythagorean Theorem.

Lesson 2: The Pythagorean Theorem and Similar Triangles. A Brief Review of the Pythagorean Theorem. 27 Lesson 2: The Pythgoren Theorem nd Similr Tringles A Brief Review of the Pythgoren Theorem. Rell tht n ngle whih mesures 90º is lled right ngle. If one of the ngles of tringle is right ngle, then we

More information

ONLINE PAGE PROOFS. Trigonometry Kick off with CAS 12.2 Trigonometry 12.3 Pythagorean triads

ONLINE PAGE PROOFS. Trigonometry Kick off with CAS 12.2 Trigonometry 12.3 Pythagorean triads 12 12.1 Kik off with S 12.2 Trigonometry 12.3 Pythgoren trids Trigonometry 12.4 Three-dimensionl Pythgors theorem 12.5 Trigonometri rtios 12.6 The sine rule 12.7 miguous se of the sine rule 12.8 The osine

More information

Green s Theorem. (2x e y ) da. (2x e y ) dx dy. x 2 xe y. (1 e y ) dy. y=1. = y e y. y=0. = 2 e

Green s Theorem. (2x e y ) da. (2x e y ) dx dy. x 2 xe y. (1 e y ) dy. y=1. = y e y. y=0. = 2 e Green s Theorem. Let be the boundry of the unit squre, y, oriented ounterlokwise, nd let F be the vetor field F, y e y +, 2 y. Find F d r. Solution. Let s write P, y e y + nd Q, y 2 y, so tht F P, Q. Let

More information

Similar Right Triangles

Similar Right Triangles Geometry V1.noteook Ferury 09, 2012 Similr Right Tringles Cn I identify similr tringles in right tringle with the ltitude? Cn I identify the proportions in right tringles? Cn I use the geometri mens theorems

More information

Vectors. Chapter14. Syllabus reference: 4.1, 4.2, 4.5 Contents:

Vectors. Chapter14. Syllabus reference: 4.1, 4.2, 4.5 Contents: hpter Vetors Syllus referene:.,.,.5 ontents: D E F G H I J K Vetors nd slrs Geometri opertions with vetors Vetors in the plne The mgnitude of vetor Opertions with plne vetors The vetor etween two points

More information

Pythagoras Theorem. Pythagoras Theorem. Curriculum Ready ACMMG: 222, 245.

Pythagoras Theorem. Pythagoras Theorem. Curriculum Ready ACMMG: 222, 245. Pythgors Theorem Pythgors Theorem Curriulum Redy ACMMG:, 45 www.mthletis.om Fill in these spes with ny other interesting fts you n find out Pythgors. In the world of Mthemtis, Pythgors is legend. He lived

More information

THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY

THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY MD THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY CA CB C Coordintes of point in spe There re infinite numer of points in spe We wnt to identif eh nd ever point of spe with the help of three mutull perpendiulr oordintes es

More information

The Ellipse. is larger than the other.

The Ellipse. is larger than the other. The Ellipse Appolonius of Perg (5 B.C.) disovered tht interseting right irulr one ll the w through with plne slnted ut is not perpendiulr to the is, the intersetion provides resulting urve (oni setion)

More information

Answers: ( HKMO Heat Events) Created by: Mr. Francis Hung Last updated: 15 December 2017

Answers: ( HKMO Heat Events) Created by: Mr. Francis Hung Last updated: 15 December 2017 Answers: (0- HKMO Het Events) reted y: Mr. Frncis Hung Lst updted: 5 Decemer 07 - Individul - Group Individul Events 6 80 0 4 5 5 0 6 4 7 8 5 9 9 0 9 609 4 808 5 0 6 6 7 6 8 0 9 67 0 0 I Simplify 94 0.

More information

MTH 4-16a Trigonometry

MTH 4-16a Trigonometry MTH 4-16 Trigonometry Level 4 [UNIT 5 REVISION SECTION ] I cn identify the opposite, djcent nd hypotenuse sides on right-ngled tringle. Identify the opposite, djcent nd hypotenuse in the following right-ngled

More information

HOMEWORK FOR CLASS XII ( )

HOMEWORK FOR CLASS XII ( ) HOMEWORK FOR CLASS XII 8-9 Show tht the reltion R on the set Z of ll integers defined R,, Z,, is, divisile,, is n equivlene reltion on Z Let f: R R e defined if f if Is f one-one nd onto if If f, g : R

More information

PYTHAGORAS THEOREM WHAT S IN CHAPTER 1? IN THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL:

PYTHAGORAS THEOREM WHAT S IN CHAPTER 1? IN THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL: PYTHAGORAS THEOREM 1 WHAT S IN CHAPTER 1? 1 01 Squres, squre roots nd surds 1 02 Pythgors theorem 1 03 Finding the hypotenuse 1 04 Finding shorter side 1 05 Mixed prolems 1 06 Testing for right-ngled tringles

More information

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES. Two liner equtions in the sme two vriles re lled pir of liner equtions in two vriles. The most generl form of pir of liner equtions is x + y + 0 x + y + 0 where,,,,,,

More information

8.3 THE HYPERBOLA OBJECTIVES

8.3 THE HYPERBOLA OBJECTIVES 8.3 THE HYPERBOLA OBJECTIVES 1. Define Hperol. Find the Stndrd Form of the Eqution of Hperol 3. Find the Trnsverse Ais 4. Find the Eentriit of Hperol 5. Find the Asmptotes of Hperol 6. Grph Hperol HPERBOLAS

More information

STRAND I: Geometry and Trigonometry. UNIT 32 Angles, Circles and Tangents: Student Text Contents. Section Compass Bearings

STRAND I: Geometry and Trigonometry. UNIT 32 Angles, Circles and Tangents: Student Text Contents. Section Compass Bearings ME Jmi: STR I UIT 32 ngles, irles n Tngents: Stuent Tet ontents STR I: Geometry n Trigonometry Unit 32 ngles, irles n Tngents Stuent Tet ontents Setion 32.1 ompss erings 32.2 ngles n irles 1 32.3 ngles

More information

THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM The Pythgoren Theorem is one of the most well-known nd widely used theorems in mthemtis. We will first look t n informl investigtion of the Pythgoren Theorem, nd then pply this

More information

Part I: Study the theorem statement.

Part I: Study the theorem statement. Nme 1 Nme 2 Nme 3 A STUDY OF PYTHAGORAS THEOREM Instrutions: Together in groups of 2 or 3, fill out the following worksheet. You my lift nswers from the reding, or nswer on your own. Turn in one pket for

More information

Reflection Property of a Hyperbola

Reflection Property of a Hyperbola Refletion Propert of Hperol Prefe The purpose of this pper is to prove nltill nd to illustrte geometrill the propert of hperol wherein r whih emntes outside the onvit of the hperol, tht is, etween the

More information

1.3 SCALARS AND VECTORS

1.3 SCALARS AND VECTORS Bridge Course Phy I PUC 24 1.3 SCLRS ND VECTORS Introdution: Physis is the study of nturl phenomen. The study of ny nturl phenomenon involves mesurements. For exmple, the distne etween the plnet erth nd

More information

Numbers and indices. 1.1 Fractions. GCSE C Example 1. Handy hint. Key point

Numbers and indices. 1.1 Fractions. GCSE C Example 1. Handy hint. Key point GCSE C Emple 7 Work out 9 Give your nswer in its simplest form Numers n inies Reiprote mens invert or turn upsie own The reiprol of is 9 9 Mke sure you only invert the frtion you re iviing y 7 You multiply

More information

Geometry. Trigonometry of Right Triangles. Slide 2 / 240. Slide 1 / 240. Slide 3 / 240. Slide 4 / 240. Slide 6 / 240.

Geometry. Trigonometry of Right Triangles. Slide 2 / 240. Slide 1 / 240. Slide 3 / 240. Slide 4 / 240. Slide 6 / 240. Slide 1 / 240 Slide 2 / 240 New Jerse enter for Tehing nd Lerning Progressive Mthemtis Inititive This mteril is mde freel ville t www.njtl.org nd is intended for the non-ommeril use of students nd tehers.

More information

Symmetrical Components 1

Symmetrical Components 1 Symmetril Components. Introdution These notes should e red together with Setion. of your text. When performing stedy-stte nlysis of high voltge trnsmission systems, we mke use of the per-phse equivlent

More information

AP Calculus BC Chapter 8: Integration Techniques, L Hopital s Rule and Improper Integrals

AP Calculus BC Chapter 8: Integration Techniques, L Hopital s Rule and Improper Integrals AP Clulus BC Chpter 8: Integrtion Tehniques, L Hopitl s Rule nd Improper Integrls 8. Bsi Integrtion Rules In this setion we will review vrious integrtion strtegies. Strtegies: I. Seprte the integrnd into

More information

( β ) touches the x-axis if = 1

( β ) touches the x-axis if = 1 Generl Certificte of Eduction (dv. Level) Emintion, ugust Comined Mthemtics I - Prt B Model nswers. () Let f k k, where k is rel constnt. i. Epress f in the form( ) Find the turning point of f without

More information

Andrei D. Polyanin, Alexander V. Manzhirov. Andrei D. Polyanin, Alexander V. Manzhirov Published online on: 27 Nov 2006

Andrei D. Polyanin, Alexander V. Manzhirov. Andrei D. Polyanin, Alexander V. Manzhirov Published online on: 27 Nov 2006 This rtile ws downloded y: 0.3.98.93 On: 08 Nov 08 ess detils: susription numer Pulisher: Press Inform Ltd egistered in Englnd nd Wles egistered Numer: 07954 egistered offie: 5 Howik Ple, London SWP WG,

More information

Probability. b a b. a b 32.

Probability. b a b. a b 32. Proility If n event n hppen in '' wys nd fil in '' wys, nd eh of these wys is eqully likely, then proility or the hne, or its hppening is, nd tht of its filing is eg, If in lottery there re prizes nd lnks,

More information

A LEVEL TOPIC REVIEW. factor and remainder theorems

A LEVEL TOPIC REVIEW. factor and remainder theorems A LEVEL TOPIC REVIEW unit C fctor nd reminder theorems. Use the Fctor Theorem to show tht: ) ( ) is fctor of +. ( mrks) ( + ) is fctor of ( ) is fctor of + 7+. ( mrks) +. ( mrks). Use lgebric division

More information

Barycentric Coordinates

Barycentric Coordinates rentri oordintes,, re the distnes from the verties to the ontt points of the eires with the sides. + = + = + from whih = s - = s - The three rs in this pitures re Gergonne r, medin, nd Ngel r. This piture

More information

Matrices SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & BUILT ENVIRONMENT. Mathematics (c) 1. Definition of a Matrix

Matrices SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & BUILT ENVIRONMENT. Mathematics (c) 1. Definition of a Matrix tries Definition of tri mtri is regulr rry of numers enlosed inside rkets SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & UIL ENVIRONEN Emple he following re ll mtries: ), ) 9, themtis ), d) tries Definition of tri Size of tri

More information

Exercise sheet 6: Solutions

Exercise sheet 6: Solutions Eerise sheet 6: Solutions Cvet emptor: These re merel etended hints, rther thn omplete solutions. 1. If grph G hs hromti numer k > 1, prove tht its verte set n e prtitioned into two nonempt sets V 1 nd

More information

KEY CONCEPTS. satisfies the differential equation da. = 0. Note : If F (x) is any integral of f (x) then, x a

KEY CONCEPTS. satisfies the differential equation da. = 0. Note : If F (x) is any integral of f (x) then, x a KEY CONCEPTS THINGS TO REMEMBER :. The re ounded y the curve y = f(), the -is nd the ordintes t = & = is given y, A = f () d = y d.. If the re is elow the is then A is negtive. The convention is to consider

More information

Lesson-5 ELLIPSE 2 1 = 0

Lesson-5 ELLIPSE 2 1 = 0 Lesson-5 ELLIPSE. An ellipse is the locus of point which moves in plne such tht its distnce from fied point (known s the focus) is e (< ), times its distnce from fied stright line (known s the directri).

More information

Linear Algebra Introduction

Linear Algebra Introduction Introdution Wht is Liner Alger out? Liner Alger is rnh of mthemtis whih emerged yers k nd ws one of the pioneer rnhes of mthemtis Though, initilly it strted with solving of the simple liner eqution x +

More information

5Trigonometric UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS. ratios and their applications

5Trigonometric UNCORRECTED PAGE PROOFS. ratios and their applications 5Trigonometri rtios nd their pplitions 5.1 Kik off with CS 5.2 Trigonometry of right-ngled tringles 5.3 Elevtion, depression nd erings 5.4 The sine rule 5.5 The osine rule 5.6 rs, setors nd segments 5.7

More information

Higher Maths. Self Check Booklet. visit for a wealth of free online maths resources at all levels from S1 to S6

Higher Maths. Self Check Booklet. visit   for a wealth of free online maths resources at all levels from S1 to S6 Higher Mths Self Check Booklet visit www.ntionl5mths.co.uk for welth of free online mths resources t ll levels from S to S6 How To Use This Booklet You could use this booklet on your own, but it my be

More information

Chapter 5 Worked Solutions to the Problems

Chapter 5 Worked Solutions to the Problems Mtemtis for Queenslnd, Yer Mtemtis, Grpis lultor ppro 00. Kiddy olger, Rex oggs, Rond Frger, Jon elwrd pter 5 Worked Solutions to te Problems Hints. Strt by writing formul for te re of tringle. Note tt

More information

, MATHS H.O.D.: SUHAG R.KARIYA, BHOPAL, CONIC SECTION PART 8 OF

, MATHS H.O.D.: SUHAG R.KARIYA, BHOPAL, CONIC SECTION PART 8 OF DOWNLOAD FREE FROM www.tekoclsses.com, PH.: 0 903 903 7779, 98930 5888 Some questions (Assertion Reson tpe) re given elow. Ech question contins Sttement (Assertion) nd Sttement (Reson). Ech question hs

More information

at its center, then the measure of this angle in radians (abbreviated rad) is the length of the arc that subtends the angle.

at its center, then the measure of this angle in radians (abbreviated rad) is the length of the arc that subtends the angle. Notes 6 ngle Mesure Definition of Rdin If circle of rdius is drwn with the vertex of n ngle Mesure: t its center, then the mesure of this ngle in rdins (revited rd) is the length of the rc tht sutends

More information

Polynomials and Division Theory

Polynomials and Division Theory Higher Checklist (Unit ) Higher Checklist (Unit ) Polynomils nd Division Theory Skill Achieved? Know tht polynomil (expression) is of the form: n x + n x n + n x n + + n x + x + 0 where the i R re the

More information

The unit circle and radian measure

The unit circle and radian measure hter 8 The unit irle nd rdin mesure Sllus referene:.,.,. ontents: Rdin mesure r length nd setor re The unit irle nd the trigonometri rtios D litions of the unit irle E Multiles of ¼ 6 nd ¼ F The eqution

More information

Precalculus Notes: Unit 6 Law of Sines & Cosines, Vectors, & Complex Numbers. A can be rewritten as

Precalculus Notes: Unit 6 Law of Sines & Cosines, Vectors, & Complex Numbers. A can be rewritten as Dte: 6.1 Lw of Sines Syllus Ojetie: 3.5 Te student will sole pplition prolems inoling tringles (Lw of Sines). Deriing te Lw of Sines: Consider te two tringles. C C In te ute tringle, sin In te otuse tringle,

More information

STRAND J: TRANSFORMATIONS, VECTORS and MATRICES

STRAND J: TRANSFORMATIONS, VECTORS and MATRICES Mthemtics SKE: STRN J STRN J: TRNSFORMTIONS, VETORS nd MTRIES J3 Vectors Text ontents Section J3.1 Vectors nd Sclrs * J3. Vectors nd Geometry Mthemtics SKE: STRN J J3 Vectors J3.1 Vectors nd Sclrs Vectors

More information

SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL. Part 1. What and Why.?

SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL. Part 1. What and Why.? SECTION A STUDENT MATERIAL Prt Wht nd Wh.? Student Mteril Prt Prolem n > 0 n > 0 Is the onverse true? Prolem If n is even then n is even. If n is even then n is even. Wht nd Wh? Eploring Pure Mths Are

More information

The Legacy of Pythagoras Theorem

The Legacy of Pythagoras Theorem Prol Volue 39, Issue 1(2003) The Legy of Pythgors Theore Peter G.rown 1 When sked wht thetil result they reeer fro High Shool, the verge person would proly reply with Pythgors Theore. In ny right tringle,

More information

Pythagorean Theorem and Trigonometry

Pythagorean Theorem and Trigonometry Ptgoren Teorem nd Trigonometr Te Ptgoren Teorem is nient, well-known, nd importnt. It s lrge numer of different proofs, inluding one disovered merin President Jmes. Grfield. Te we site ttp://www.ut-te-knot.org/ptgors/inde.stml

More information

1 ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA and GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE

1 ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA and GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA nd GEOMETRY READINESS DIAGNOSTIC TEST PRACTICE Directions: Study the exmples, work the prolems, then check your nswers t the end of ech topic. If you don t get the nswer given, check

More information

Edexcel GCE Core Mathematics (C2) Required Knowledge Information Sheet. Daniel Hammocks

Edexcel GCE Core Mathematics (C2) Required Knowledge Information Sheet. Daniel Hammocks Edexcel GCE Core Mthemtics (C) Required Knowledge Informtion Sheet C Formule Given in Mthemticl Formule nd Sttisticl Tles Booklet Cosine Rule o = + c c cosine (A) Binomil Series o ( + ) n = n + n 1 n 1

More information

/ 3, then (A) 3(a 2 m 2 + b 2 ) = 4c 2 (B) 3(a 2 + b 2 m 2 ) = 4c 2 (C) a 2 m 2 + b 2 = 4c 2 (D) a 2 + b 2 m 2 = 4c 2

/ 3, then (A) 3(a 2 m 2 + b 2 ) = 4c 2 (B) 3(a 2 + b 2 m 2 ) = 4c 2 (C) a 2 m 2 + b 2 = 4c 2 (D) a 2 + b 2 m 2 = 4c 2 SET I. If the locus of the point of intersection of perpendiculr tngents to the ellipse x circle with centre t (0, 0), then the rdius of the circle would e + / ( ) is. There re exctl two points on the

More information

Figure 1. The left-handed and right-handed trefoils

Figure 1. The left-handed and right-handed trefoils The Knot Group A knot is n emedding of the irle into R 3 (or S 3 ), k : S 1 R 3. We shll ssume our knots re tme, mening the emedding n e extended to solid torus, K : S 1 D 2 R 3. The imge is lled tuulr

More information

KENDRIYA VIDYALAY SANGATHAN: CHENNAI REGION CLASS XII PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION Q.No. Value points Marks 1 0 ={0,2,4} 1.

KENDRIYA VIDYALAY SANGATHAN: CHENNAI REGION CLASS XII PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION Q.No. Value points Marks 1 0 ={0,2,4} 1. KENDRIYA VIDYALAY SANGATHAN: CHENNAI REGION CLASS XII PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION 7-8 Answer ke SET A Q.No. Vlue points Mrks ={,,4} 4 5 6.5 tn os.5 For orret proof 5 LHS M,RHS M 4 du dv os + / os. e d d 7 8

More information

Lecture 6: Coding theory

Lecture 6: Coding theory Leture 6: Coing theory Biology 429 Crl Bergstrom Ferury 4, 2008 Soures: This leture loosely follows Cover n Thoms Chpter 5 n Yeung Chpter 3. As usul, some of the text n equtions re tken iretly from those

More information

K 7. Quadratic Equations. 1. Rewrite these polynomials in the form ax 2 + bx + c = 0. Identify the values of a, b and c:

K 7. Quadratic Equations. 1. Rewrite these polynomials in the form ax 2 + bx + c = 0. Identify the values of a, b and c: Qudrti Equtions The Null Ftor Lw Let's sy there re two numers nd. If # = then = or = (or oth re ) This mens tht if the produt of two epressions is zero, then t lest one of the epressions must e equl to

More information