Geogenic versus Anthropogenic Metals and Metalloids
|
|
- Dinah Simpson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Geogenic versus Anthropogenic Metals and Metalloids Geochemical methods for evaluating whether metals and metalloids are from geogenic versus anthropogenic sources 1
2 Definitions Geogenic from natural geological processes Anthropogenic from the influence of human activity 2
3 Outline 1 Traditional Environmental Investigative Approach 2 Geochemical Investigative Approach 3 Means and Methods 4 Case Study 3
4 Traditional Environmental Investigative Approach 4
5 Traditional Investigative Approach Metals (and metalloids) are assumed anthropogenic A risk assessment determines if concentrations present potentially pose a risk to human health or the environment Metals potentially posing a risk are removed, immobilized or isolated 5
6 Traditional Investigative Approach Problems with this approach: o The assumption that metals are anthropogenic is not always valid. Large portions of the earth are naturally enriched in metals. o Traditional investigative approaches are generally inadequate to evaluate whether metals are geogenic or anthropogenic. These approaches: Generally ignore complex geologic conditions Sampling typically based on current and past site operations Generally emphasize statistical background concentrations 6
7 Traditional Investigative Approach o Problems with the traditional environmental analytical techniques: Incomplete and inefficient digestion Interferences caused by moderate to high iron content Inability to identify minerals and their constituent elements Inability to evaluate natural geological and geochemical influence 7
8 Geochemical Investigative Approach 8
9 Geochemical Investigative Approach Designed to evaluate the source(s) of metals: o Geogenic Are the metals from natural processes? o Anthropogenic Are the metals from human activities? If so: Are the metals from current and/or historic site activities? Are the metals from human activities unrelated to site activities (e.g., historic mining activities)? 9
10 Geochemical Investigative Approach Clear data quality objectives (DQOs) can help identify key decisions: o Are minerals present that contain the metals of interest? o Are these or similar metal-bearing minerals present both onsite and offsite? o Are geochemical signatures consistent with a geogenic source? o Are geochemical signatures similar both onsite and offsite? 10
11 Geochemical Investigative Approach Geological / Geochemical methods employed: o Field / Portable Methods Direct observation of outcrops or drill core by professional geologists experienced in examining mineralized rock Field screening and quantitative analysis using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) for metal concentrations Qualitative analysis of powdered samples using x-ray diffraction (XRD) for mineral identification Analysis of thin sections by polarized light microscopy (PLM) for rock and mineral identification 11
12 Geochemical Investigative Approach Geological / Geochemical methods employed: o Laboratory Methods Analysis of powdered samples using x-ray diffraction (XRD) for mineral identification Evaluation of thin sections by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and/or electron microprobe (EMP) for chemical composition of individual mineral grains o Specialized Laboratory Methods Isotopic analysis to help differentiate multiple sources of metals X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to determine valence state Among others being developed 12
13 Means and Methods 13
14 Visual Examination of Outcrops, Drill Cores and Hand Samples Rock and soil samples are visually examined to determine classification and mineralogy Rock and/or soil types associated with locations with elevated metals are identified Samples are identified for further screening 14
15 Field Screening and Full Suite Analysis by Field-Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Samples are screened using hand-held XRF to determine overall content and variability of target metals Selected samples are further analyzed for a full suite of metals using a benchtop XRF 15
16 Field Screening and Full Suite Analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Representative results from benchtop XRF: Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) EPA Method 6200 Elements As 213 Cd 3.6 Mn 1,310 Se 1.6 V 75.7 Cr 2,940 Cl 337 Mo 10.3 Sn 6.5 W 13.3 Ni 693 Cu 23 P 9,360 Sr 83.7 Zn 294 Ag 2.7 Fe 87,400 Pb 13.7 Th 18.7 Zr 1,740 Bi 22 Hg 13.9 S 1,170 Ti 3,900 Ba 168 Ca 70,600 K 18,300 Sb 7 U 11 Nb 233 Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Element Result (ppm) Platinum Group Pt 34 Pd 90.7 Rare Earth Ce 97.3 Nd 100 Sm 311 La 68.3 Pr 61.3 Y
17 Mineralogical Analysis by Field-Portable X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Samples are powdered and analyzed for major mineral phases by XRD Diffraction pattern shows the presence of: o quartz o feldspar (albite) o chlorite o spinel o pyroxene 17
18 Petrographic Analysis by Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) Polished thin sections are examined using a polarized light microscope (PLM) under transmitted and reflected light Using transmitted light, most minerals exhibit specific optical properties Using reflected light, opaque minerals exhibit specific reflectance properties 18
19 Mineralogical and Petrographic Analysis by Electron Microprobe (EMP) Polished thin sections are carbon coated and then examined o backscatter imaging Heavy elements backscatter electrons stronger than light elements and thus appear brighter BSE images are used to detect mineral phases of differing chemical composition o qualitative analysis by energydispersive x-ray spectrophotometry (EDS) 19
20 Mineralogical and Petrographic Analysis by Electron Microprobe (EMP) o quantitative analysis by wavelength-dispersive x-ray spectrophotometry (WDS) o x-ray mapping of specific area using WDS to determine the distribution of target elements o two discrete minerals present Sample Point As Co Fe Ni S
21 Isotopic Analysis of Metals Isotopes are relatively easy to analyze in a fixed laboratory, and are typically reported as ratios Isotope analysis can be useful for fingerprinting possible sources Routinely analyzed for lead o Lead has multiple stable isotopes: Pb-204, Pb-206, Pb-207 and Pb-208. All but Pb-204 are produced through the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium More labs are now performing analyses for elements such as copper, iron, mercury and zinc 21
22 Elemental Analysis by Microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence (µ-xrf) General term for µ-xrf spectrometry methods utilizing a synchrotron radiation (SR) source, including: o x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) o microscopic XRF (µ-xrf) o microscopic XRD (µ-xrd) Evaluate element distribution (µ-xrf), oxidation state (XANES) and crystalline structure (µ-xrd) Specialized analysis generally requiring access to a synchrotron 22
23 Case Study 23
24 Case Study Site is located on the shore of a reservoir in the San Gabriel Mountains of Southern California. An excavation removed the regolith (crushed rock) containing perchlorate, petroleum hydrocarbons and metals. High concentrations of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were encountered in both rocks and welldeveloped iron oxide coatings in underlying bedrock. 24
25 Case Study Onsite geology consists of felsic, mafic and ultramafic rock, numerous dikes, and significant evidence of faulting and fractures. Visible evidence of hydrothermal mineralization. Gold and silver, and to a lesser extent cobalt, copper, lead and tungsten, were mined in area from 1860 s through 1930 s, with hard rock mining operations located within a mile of the site. 25
26 Case Study A geochemical background study identified the presence of As, Cr and Ni in rocks from onsite and offsite Minerals containing percent levels of As, Cr and/or Ni were identified Hydrous iron oxides were found to contain As concentrations up to 58,900 ppm in mineral coatings and fracture fillings. 26
27 Case Study Arsenic, Chromium and Nickel-Bearing Minerals Arsenic Minerals Formula Weight % Arsenic Nickeline NiAs 56% Cobaltite CoAsS 44% Gersdorffite NiAsS 45% Arsenopyrite FeAsS 46% Chromium Minerals Formula Weight % Chromium Chromite FeCr 2 O 4 54% Chrome-bearing Magnetite Fe[Fe,Cr] 2 O 4 15% Nickel Minerals Formula Weight % Nickel Pentlandite [Fe,Ni] 9 S 8 34% Nickeline NiAs 44% Gersdorffite NiAsS 35% 27
28 Case Study 28
29 Case Study High-temperature ore minerals containing As, Cr and Ni were identified in rocks from onsite and offsite locations. Results showed similarities in chemical signatures in rocks and oxide and hydroxide coatings. Ore minerals are consistent with minerals recovered economically from nearby mines operated in the 1870 s. The geochemical methods proved effective in identifying the presence of ore minerals that can fully account for the concentrations of As, Cr and Ni at the site. 29
30 Questions? Contact Information: Jeffrey Hess, Chief Scientist Gilbane Environmental 1655 Grant Street, Suite 1200 Concord, California
Overview of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
Overview of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis AMPTEK, INC., Bedford, MA 01730 Ph: +1 781 275 2242 Fax: +1 781 275 3470 sales@amptek.com 1 What is X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)? A physical process: Emission of characteristic
More informationProject Copper CBC. Bahia Brazil -August
Project Copper CBC Bahia Brazil -August - 2016 The Company The CBC Mineração Ltda is a company of BETONITA group created to develop this project copper. It s a solid group in the brasilian market very
More informationArsenic and Other Trace Elements in Groundwater in the Southern San Joaquin Valley of California
Arsenic and Other Trace Elements in Groundwater in the Southern San Joaquin Valley of California Dirk Baron Geological Sciences California State University, Bakersfield Trace Element Maximum Contaminant
More informationGeochemical exploration on the Tareek Darreh Gold deposit, north of Torbat-e Jaam, east Iran
Geochemical exploration on the Tareek Darreh Gold deposit, north of Torbat-e Jaam, east Iran Kourosh Shabani, M.Sc. Student of Economic Geology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran,
More informationLAB REPORT ON XRF OF POTTERY SAMPLES By BIJOY KRISHNA HALDER Mohammad Arif Ishtiaque Shuvo Jie Hong
LAB REPORT ON XRF OF POTTERY SAMPLES By BIJOY KRISHNA HALDER Mohammad Arif Ishtiaque Shuvo Jie Hong Introduction: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer is an x-ray instrument used for routine, relatively
More informationICP/MS Multi-Element Standards
Standards Ultra Pure Matrix Special Packaging Traceability to National Reference Materials AccuStandard s ICP/MS Standards are formulated to meet the needs of this very special instrument. As matrix effect
More informationREGOLITH GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE NORTH KIMBERLEY, WESTERN AUSTRALIA: A STRONG PROXY FOR BEDROCK
REGOLITH GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE NORTH KIMBERLEY, WESTERN AUSTRALIA: A STRONG PROXY FOR BEDROCK Paul A. Morris 1 1 Geological Survey of Western Australia, 100 Plain Street, East Perth 6004, Western Australia;
More informationUsing the Periodic Table
MATH SKILLS TRANSPARENCY WORKSHEET Using the Periodic Table 6 Use with Chapter 6, Section 6.2 1. Identify the number of valence electrons in each of the following elements. a. Ne e. O b. K f. Cl c. B g.
More informationmaterials and their properties
materials and their properties macroscopic properties phase state strength / stiffness electrical conductivity chemical properties color / transparence spectroscopical properties surface properties density
More informationCharacterization and comparison of mine wastes from legacy mines in NM
Characterization and comparison of mine wastes from legacy mines in NM Presentation by: John Asafo-Akowuah May 9, 2017 Overview Purpose Study Area Methodology Results Conclusions Recommendations Purpose
More information[YOUR NAME] [GROUP PARTNER NAMES IF APPLICABLE] [DATE] [COURSE ID] for [CLIENT NAME] [CLIENT CONTACT INFORMATION]
Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences Minerals Lab; Attn: Dr. Kackstaetter Campus Box 22, P.O.Box 173362 Denver, CO 80217-3362 [PROJECT TITLE] [Your title should summarize the purpose of the paper
More informationNote that the protons and neutrons are each almost 2,000 times more massive than an electron; What is the approximate diameter of an atom?
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Evolution of Atomic Theory The ancient Greek scientist Democritus is often credited with developing the idea of the atom Democritus proposed that matter was, on
More informationAnalysis of Soil and Sewage Sludge in the Field with a Portable ED-XRF Spectrometer
AN APPLICATION BRIEF FROM SPECTRO ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS When results matter Analysis of Soil and Sewage Sludge in the Field with a Portable ED-XRF Spectrometer Introduction Arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium,
More information7) Applications of Nuclear Radiation in Science and Technique (1) Analytical applications (Radiometric titration)
7) Applications of Nuclear Radiation in Science and Technique (1) (Radiometric titration) The radioactive material is indicator Precipitation reactions Complex formation reactions Principle of a precipitation
More informationAPPENDIX TABLES. Table A2. XRF analytical results for samples from drill hole AP5 (Areachap)
APPENDIX TABLES Table A2. XRF analytical results for samples from drill hole AP5 (Areachap) Sample No. AP5/19 AP5/20 AP5/21 AP5/22 AP5/23 AP5/24 AP5/25AP5/26AP5/27AP5/28AP5/29AP5/30AP5/31AP5/32 AP5/33
More informationA classification scheme for ore deposits Einaudi, (2000),
A classification scheme for ore deposits There are many different way of categorizing ore deposits, and the best classification schemes are probably those that remain as independent of genetic linkage
More informationLaser ICP-MS magnetite analyses: a tool to discriminate hydrothermal gold-associated from other magnetites
Laser IP-MS magnetite analyses: a tool to discriminate hydrothermal gold-associated from other magnetites P. Neumayr, K. Petersen, J. Walshe Introduction range of samples from the Revenge and Victory-efiance
More informationBreeding et al., Data Repository Material Figure DR1. Athens. Study Area
Breeding, Ague, and Brocker 1 Figure DR1 21 o 24 Greece o A 38 o Athens Tinos 37 o Syros Attic-Cycladic Blueschist Belt Syros Kampos B Study Area Ermoupoli N Vari Unit Cycladic HP-LT Unit Marble horizons
More informationDennis L Buchanan Imperial College London, UK
METALS AND ENERGY FINANCE Advanced Textbook on the Evaluation of Mineral and Energy Projects Dennis L Buchanan Imperial College London, UK Contents Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations xi xv Chapter
More informationGenera&ng Quality Metals Data at Sites using Field-Portable XRF
Genera&ng Quality Metals Data at Sites using Field-Portable XRF What is Quality Data? o Quality data is of known and documented quality appropriate for its intended use. o Quality data can thus include
More informationState Metallic Minerals Lease Sale Minnesota s Vermilion Gold District
State Metallic Minerals Lease Sale Minnesota s Vermilion Gold District State Metallic Minerals Lease Sale Notice of Intent Scale 1:100,000 State Metallic Minerals Lease Sale This portion of the lease sale
More informationMineralogy of VAG mine waste: Eden, VT. Alyssa Findlay, Greg Druschel and John Hughes Department of Geology, University of Vermont
Mineralogy of VAG mine waste: Eden, VT Alyssa Findlay, Greg Druschel and John Hughes Department of Geology, University of Vermont Site Background Vermont Asbestos Group mine located in Eden and Lowell
More informationChapter 2 Atoms and the Periodic Table
Chapter 2 1 Chapter 2 Atoms and the Periodic Table Solutions to In-Chapter Problems 2.1 Each element is identified by a one- or two-letter symbol. Use the periodic table to find the symbol for each element.
More informationMINERALOGY AND CHEMISTRY OF MINE WASTE ROCK PILES IN MINING DISTRICTS IN SOUTHERN COLORADO AND NEW MEXICO
MINERALOGY AND CHEMISTRY OF MINE WASTE ROCK PILES IN MINING DISTRICTS IN SOUTHERN COLORADO AND NEW MEXICO Virginia T. McLemore and Marcus Silva New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, New Mexico
More informationEarth Materials I Crystal Structures
Earth Materials I Crystal Structures Isotopes same atomic number, different numbers of neutrons, different atomic mass. Ta ble 1-1. Su mmar y of quantu m num bers Name Symbol Values Principal n 1, 2,
More information8. Relax and do well.
CHEM 1314 3;30 pm Theory Exam III John III. Gelder November 13, 2002 Name TA's Name Lab Section INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This examination consists of a total of 8 different pages. The last page include a periodic
More informationGeochemistry & mineralogy of late-metamorphic shear zones:
Geochemistry & mineralogy of late-metamorphic shear zones: Disseminated gold in the Otago Schist, New Zealand Dave Craw Geology Department University of Otago Dunedin, NZ in collaboration with: D.J. MacKenzie,
More informationMetcalf and Buck. GSA Data Repository
GSA Data Repository 2015035 Metcalf and Buck Figure DR1. Secondary ionization mass-spectrometry U-Pb zircon geochronology plots for data collected on two samples of Wilson Ridge plutonic rocks. Data presented
More informationORE MICROSCOPY AND ORE PETROGRAPHY
>...- ORE MICROSCOPY AND ORE PETROGRAPHY Second Edition JAMES R. CRAIG Department of Geological Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, Virginia DAVID J. VAUGHAN Department
More informationGeochemistry in Exploration
Geochemistry in Exploration Ned Howard, 8 th December 2017 Overview Overview of Evolution Exploration Strategy Using geochemistry & spectral analysis in exploration Examples from Queensland Evolution Mining
More informationWEATHERING-CONTROLLED FRACTIONATION OF ORE AND PATHFINDER ELEMENTS AT COBAR, NSW
296 WEATHERING-CONTROLLED FRACTIONATION OF ORE AND PATHFINDER ELEMENTS AT COBAR, NSW Kenneth G. McQueen 1,2 & Dougal C. Munro 1 1 CRC LEME, Department of Geology, Australian National University, ACT, 0200
More informationRadiometric Dating (tap anywhere)
Radiometric Dating (tap anywhere) Protons Neutrons Electrons Elements on the periodic table are STABLE Elements can have radioactive versions of itself called ISOTOPES!! Page 1 in your ESRT has your list!
More informationLog Interpretation Parameters Determined by Analysis of Green River Oil Shale Samples: Initial Steps
Log Interpretation Parameters Determined by Analysis of Green River Oil Shale Samples: Initial Steps Michael M. Herron Susan L. Herron Malka Machlus Schlumberger-Doll Research Log Interpretation in Green
More informationAcid Rock Drainage (ARD) Prediction: Protecting the environment of mining
Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) Prediction: Protecting the environment of mining Dr. Anita Parbhakar-Fox CRC Optimising Resource Extraction University of Tasmania 25 20 Rapid population growth increasing
More informationChem Exam 1. September 26, Dr. Susan E. Bates. Name 9:00 OR 10:00
Chem 1711 Exam 1 September 26, 2013 Dr. Susan E. Bates Name 9:00 OR 10:00 N A = 6.022 x 10 23 mol 1 I A II A III B IV B V B VI B VII B VIII I B II B III A IV A V A VI A VII A inert gases 1 H 1.008 3 Li
More informationCHAPTER V ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION Based on Contract No. 01/2014/VLSK of Prospecting for gold at the scale of 1:25,000
CHAPTER V ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION Based on Contract No. 0/204/VLSK of Prospecting for gold at the scale of :25,000 over the 99. km 2 area in North, Northeast of Vang Tat,
More informationPreliminary Progress Report. Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Well Cuttings. Prepared for: Gastem USA. Colgate University Department of Geology
Preliminary Progress Report Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Well Cuttings Prepared for: Gastem USA By: Jaclyn Baughman Alison MacNamee Bruce Selleck Colgate University Department of Geology July 30, 2010
More informationEDS User School. Principles of Electron Beam Microanalysis
EDS User School Principles of Electron Beam Microanalysis Outline 1.) Beam-specimen interactions 2.) EDS spectra: Origin of Bremsstrahlung and characteristic peaks 3.) Moseley s law 4.) Characteristic
More informationAtomic Structure. Aprenda Chemistry proudly presents. Odd Answer. Flash Cards 1. Ba
1. Ba 1. What is the chemical symbol for Barium? 3. Pt 2. What is the chemical symbol for Beryllium? 5. Sn 3. What is the chemical symbol for Platinum? 7. K 4. What is the chemical symbol for Arsenic?
More information1.02 Elements, Symbols and Periodic Table
.0 Elements, Symbols and Periodic Table Dr. Fred O. Garces Chemistry Miramar College.0 Elements, Symbols and the Periodic Table January 0 The Elements: Building block of Matter The periodic table of the
More informationMineralogical & Chemical Studies of Gel-e-sarshooy (shampoo clay) in Manian-Iran
Mineralogical & Chemical Studies of Gel-e-sarshooy (shampoo clay) in Manian-Iran Zohre Moosavinasab Dep.Of geology, Islamic azad university- Estahban Branch-Iran Phone No.:0973496 E mail: z_moosavinasab@yahoo.com.
More informationParagenesis of gold-sulphide mineralisation Wyoming One and Caloma Two Tomingley Gold Project
Paragenesis of gold-sulphide mineralisation Wyoming One and Caloma Two Tomingley Gold Project Macquarie Arc Conference / AIG Honours Bursary Alexander Cherry Supervisors: A/Prof. David Cohen Dr. Ian Graham
More informationMineralogical and geochemical features of human body ash residue of spatially-localized technogenic system (Norilsk city)
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Mineralogical and geochemical features of human body ash residue of spatially-localized technogenic system (Norilsk city) To cite
More informationThe Baltic Soil Survey
The Baltic Soil Survey C. Reimann, U. Siewers, T. Tarvainen, L. Bityukova, J. Erikson, A. Gilucis, V. Gregorauskiene, V. Lukashev, N. Matinian & A. Pasieczna PROJECT AIM: create a comparable database
More informationChapter 12 The Atom & Periodic Table- part 2
Chapter 12 The Atom & Periodic Table- part 2 Electrons found outside the nucleus; negatively charged Protons found in the nucleus; positive charge equal in magnitude to the electron s negative charge Neutrons
More informationPOSITIVE METALLURGICAL RESULTS FROM KHARMAGTAI
By electronic lodgement Page 1 of 6 1 September 2016 POSITIVE METALLURGICAL RESULTS FROM KHARMAGTAI HIGHLIGHTS Preliminary flotation test work on high-grade tourmaline breccia samples produces excellent
More informationStability Nuclear & Electronic (then ion formation/covalent bonding)
Stability Nuclear & Electronic (then ion formation/covalent bonding) Most elements are not stable in their atomic form. (Exceptions to that? ) They become stable by gaining or losing e! to form ions, or
More informationIn-Situ Analysis of Traces, Minor and Major Elements in Rocks and Soils with a Portable XRF Spectrometer*
In-Situ Analysis of Traces, Minor and Major Elements in Rocks and Soils with a Portable XRF Spectrometer* Anthony Thomas 1, Joachim Heckel 1, and Dirk Wissmann 1 Search and Discovery Article #41836 (2016)
More informationCertificate of Analysis
Certificate of Analysis First issued: May 2014 Version: May 2014 PTC-1b Certified Reference Material for Nickel Copper Sulphide Concentrate with Noble Metals Analyte Units Mean Table 1 PTC-1b Certified
More informationLog Interpretation Parameters Determined from Chemistry, Mineralogy and Nuclear Forward Modeling
Log Interpretation Parameters Determined from Chemistry, Mineralogy and Nuclear Forward Modeling Michael M. Herron and Susan L. Herron Schlumberger-Doll Research Old Quarry Road, Ridgefield, CT 6877-418
More informationFull file at
16 Chapter 2: Atoms and the Periodic Table Solutions to In-Chapter Problems 2.1 Each element is identified by a one- or two-letter symbol. Use the periodic table to find the symbol for each element. a.
More informationEssential Chemistry for Biology
1 Chapter 2 Essential Chemistry for Biology Biology and Society: More Precious than Gold A drought is a period of abnormally dry weather that changes the environment and one of the most devastating disasters.
More informationWhy all the repeating Why all the repeating Why all the repeating Why all the repeating
Why all the repeating Why all the repeating Why all the repeating Why all the repeating Patterns What Patterns have you observed in your life? Where to Get Help If you don t understand concepts in chapter
More informationRESULTS OF OPERATIONS Semi Annual Exploration Report BANLUNG EXPLORATION LICENSE, CAMBODIA FOR THE PERIOD 2015:06:30 TO 2015:12:31
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BANLUNG EXPLORATION LICENSE, CAMBODIA FOR THE PERIOD 2015:06:30 TO 2015:12:31 Introduction Work over the period has included the completion of a detailed induced polarization geophysical
More informationGEMAS: A European scale geochemical atlas for environmental management and mineral exploration
GEMAS PROJECT GEMAS: A European scale geochemical atlas for environmental management and mineral exploration Clemens Reimann 40 Years Listening to the Beat of the Earth 2007: Eurometaux contacts EuroGeoSurveys:
More informationWhat monitoring techniques are appropriate and effective for detecting CO2 migration in groundwater: isotope-based monitoring Philippe Négrel
What monitoring techniques are appropriate and effective for detecting CO2 migration in groundwater: isotope-based monitoring Philippe Négrel Acting in complicity with Pauline Humez. Results from Pauline
More informationThe Periodic Table of the Elements
The Periodic Table of the Elements All matter is composed of elements. All of the elements are composed of atoms. An atom is the smallest part of an element which still retains the properties of that element.
More informationMetallurgical Chemistry. An Audio Course for Students
Laval University From the SelectedWorks of Fathi Habashi February, 1987 Metallurgical Chemistry. An Audio Course for Students Fathi Habashi Available at: https://works.bepress.com/fathi_habashi/27/ METALLURGICAL
More informationSummary of test results for Daya Bay rock samples. by Patrick Dobson Celia Tiemi Onishi Seiji Nakagawa
Summary of test results for Daya Bay rock samples by Patrick Dobson Celia Tiemi Onishi Seiji Nakagawa October 2004 Summary A series of analytical tests were conducted on a suite of granitic rock samples
More informationAtoms and the Periodic Table
Atoms and the Periodic Table Parts of the Atom Proton Found in the nucleus Number of protons defines the element Charge +1, mass 1 Parts of the Atom Neutron Found in the nucleus Stabilizes the nucleus
More informationWriting Chemical formula with polyatomic groups
Writing Chemical formula with polyatomic groups 1. Use the Periodic table to determine the combining powers of single elements. Eg. Magnesium is in Group 2 and has a combining power of 2. 2. Use Table
More informationApplicability of Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for sensor based sorting of a porphyry copper ore.
Applicability of Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for sensor based sorting of a porphyry copper ore. OCM conference presentation 07-03-2013 TU Delft, Resource Engineering section M.Dalm MSc. 1 Table of
More informationAppendix 07 Principal components analysis
Appendix 07 Principal components analysis Data Analysis by Eric Grunsky The chemical analyses data were imported into the R (www.r-project.org) statistical processing environment for an evaluation of possible
More information4.01 Elements, Symbols and Periodic Table
.0 Elements, Symbols and Periodic Table Dr. Fred O. Garces Chemistry 00 Miramar College.0 Elements, symbols and the Periodic Table Aug The Elements: Building block of Matter The periodic table of the chemical
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Bindi et al. 10.1073/pnas.1111115109 Fig. S1. Electron microprobe X-ray elemental maps for the grain reported in Fig. 1B. Experimental details are given in Experimental Methods.
More informationGEO MANUAL 55-1(17) Partly Demo Version. Pertti Lamberg, Iikka Ylander, Markus Kyläkoski August 29, ORC-T
GEO MANUAL 55-1(17) 70. HSC Geo HSC Geo is a program to make mineralogical and petrological calculations and store the results in a database for further analysis with HSC Data. HSC Geo: Prepares a database
More information1. [7 points] Which element is oxidized in the reaction below? + O 2 + H 2 O
1. [7 points] Which element is oxidized in the reaction below? K 2 CrO 4 (aq) + BaCl 2 (aq) BaCrO 4 (s) + 2KCl a. Cl b. Cr c. O d. Ba e. This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction 2. [7 points] What are
More informationDrilling Program Commences on Iron Oxide Copper Gold Targets
3 June 2008 Manager Company Announcements Company Announcements Office Australian Stock Exchange Limited Level 10, 20 Bond Street SYDNEY NSW 2000 ABN 42 082 593 235 Electronic delivery No of pages: 6 Drilling
More informationGEOCHEMICAL FOOTPRINTS OF IOCG DEPOSITS BENEATH THICK COVER: INSIGHTS FROM THE OLYMPIC CU-AU PROVINCE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA
GEOCHEMICAL FOOTPRINTS OF IOCG DEPOSITS BENEATH THICK COVER: INSIGHTS FROM THE OLYMPIC CU-AU PROVINCE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA Adrian Fabris 12, Simon van der Wielen 23, Tim Keeping 12, Georgina Gordon 12 1 Geological
More informationA Closer Look At Hydrothermal Alteration and Fluid-Rock Interaction Using Scanning Electron Microscopy
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015 Melbourne, Australia, 19-25 April 2015 A Closer Look At Hydrothermal Alteration and Fluid-Rock Interaction Using Scanning Electron Microscopy Bridget Y. Lynne
More informationEconomic Ores. - Mostly metals
Economic Ores - Mostly metals Intro points An ore is a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted. Gangue is the commercially valueless material
More informationChemical Variation of Feed Coal and Coal Combustion Products from an Indiana Power Plant Utilizing Low Sulfur Powder River Basin Coal
Chemical Variation of Feed Coal and Coal Combustion Products from an Indiana Power Plant Utilizing Low Sulfur Powder River Basin Coal Ronald H. Affolter, Michael E. Brownfield, and James D. Cathcart U.S.
More informationAPPENDIX 7. QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA/QC) REPORT Virginia T. McLemore
APPENDIX 7. QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA/QC) REPORT Virginia T. McLemore INTRODUCTION The samples and field data (including field observations and measurements) are the basic component of
More informationWhat are Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage and Why are They Important to Mining?
What are Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage and Why are They Important to Mining? Lake Superior Working Group Workshop October 27 th, 2009 Bill Price Environment Group, Mining and Mineral Sciences Lab.
More informationElement Cube Project (x2)
Element Cube Project (x2) Background: As a class, we will construct a three dimensional periodic table by each student selecting two elements in which you will need to create an element cube. Helpful Links
More informationDURATION: 2 HOUR 45 MINUTES
1 Exam 9 Our country, our future 525/1 S6 CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 DURATION: 2 HOUR 45 MINUTES For Marking guide contact and consultations: Dr. Bbosa Science 0776 802709. Answer all question in part I and six
More informationHANDOUT SET GENERAL CHEMISTRY I
HANDOUT SET GENERAL CHEMISTRY I Periodic Table of the Elements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 IA VIIIA 1 2 H He 1.00794 IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA 4.00262 3 Li 6.941 11 Na 22.9898
More informationChem GENERAL CHEMISTRY I MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Concordia University CHEM 205 Fall 2009, B LAST NAME: FIRST NAME: STUDENT ID: Chem 205 - GENERAL CHEMISTRY I MIDTERM EXAMINATION PLEASE READ THIS BOX WHILE WAITING TO START INSTRUCTIONS: Calculators are
More informationProf. Dr. Biljana Škrbić, Jelena Živančev
5 th CEFSER Training Course Analysis of chemical contaminants in food and the environment Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia 7-11 May 2012 Analysis of heavy elements
More informationSingle-Element Standards for AAS
Single-Element Standards for AAS for AAS Flame Silver Ag in 2-5% HNO 3 Aluminium Al in 2-5% HCl Aluminium Al in 2-5% HNO 3 Arsenic As in 2-5% HCl Arsenic As in 2-5% HNO 3 Gold Au in 2-5% HCl Boron B in
More informationSAMREC 2009 Table 1, Section 5.5 Treatment / Processing
Volume 58 ~ Number TWO ~ JUNE 2015 SAMREC 2009 Table 1, Section 5.5 Treatment / Processing ASSESSMENT CRITERION: T 5.5 Treatment / Processing EXPLORATION RESULTS (A) (i) Describe any obvious processing
More informationPeter L Warren, Pamela Y Shadforth ICI Technology, Wilton, Middlesbrough, U.K.
783 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS XRF ANALYSIS FOR SEMI-QUANTITATIVE Introduction Peter L Warren, Pamela Y Shadforth ICI Technology, Wilton, Middlesbrough, U.K. Historically x-ray fluorescence spectrometry has
More informationUnit 3 Atomic Structure
Name: Unit 3 Atomic Structure Scientist Year Contribution and/ or Experimental Work Democritus Aristotle Alchemists Boyle Franklin Dalton Avogadro Mendeleev Moseley 1 Scientist Year Contribution and/ or
More informationKey Nickel Sulphide indicators intersected in drilling at Fairwater Project
9 December 2015 Key Nickel Sulphide indicators intersected in drilling at Fairwater Project Pioneer Resources Limited ("Company" or "Pioneer") (ASX: PO) is pleased to advise that it has intersected key
More informationChapter 3: Stoichiometry
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry Chem 6A Michael J. Sailor, UC San Diego 1 Announcements: Thursday (Sep 29) quiz: Bring student ID or we cannot accept your quiz! No notes, no calculators Covers chapters 1 and
More information5 questions, 3 points each, 15 points total possible. 26 Fe Cu Ni Co Pd Ag Ru 101.
Physical Chemistry II Lab CHEM 4644 spring 2017 final exam KEY 5 questions, 3 points each, 15 points total possible h = 6.626 10-34 J s c = 3.00 10 8 m/s 1 GHz = 10 9 s -1. B= h 8π 2 I ν= 1 2 π k μ 6 P
More informationOES - Optical Emission Spectrometer 2000
OES - Optical Emission Spectrometer 2000 OES-2000 is used to detect the presence of trace metals in an analyte. The analyte sample is introduced into the OES-2000 as an aerosol that is carried into the
More informationIn addition to the information at the end of the exam, you will be given a periodic table.
In addition to the information at the end of the exam, you will be given a periodic table. 1. Express 3143 in scientific notation. a. 3.143 x 10-3 b. 3143 x 10 +3 c. 3.143 x 10 +3 d. 3.143 x 10 +4 2. Express
More information100% ionic compounds do not exist but predominantly ionic compounds are formed when metals combine with non-metals.
2.21 Ionic Bonding 100% ionic compounds do not exist but predominantly ionic compounds are formed when metals combine with non-metals. Forming ions Metal atoms lose electrons to form +ve ions. Non-metal
More informationResponse to Wek èezhìi Land and Water Board Undertaking Number One NICO Project Land Use Permit and Type A Water Licence Application
Response to Wek èezhìi Land and Water Board Undertaking Number One NICO Project Land Use Permit and Type A Water Licence Application FORTUNE MINERALS LIMITED 148 Fullarton St., Suite 1600 London, Ontario
More informationSAGE GOLD INC. MINERAL BENEFICIATION ON CANE GOLD ORE. RPC Reference No.: PET-J1557. Prepared for:
SAGE GOLD INC. MINERAL BENEFICIATION ON CANE GOLD ORE Prepared for: Mr. Bill Love Sage Gold Inc. 365 Bay Street, Suite 500 Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5H 2V1 Prepared by: Ross Gilders Section Head, Process
More informationSCIENCE 1206 UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. September 2017 November 2017
SCIENCE 1206 UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY September 2017 November 2017 UNIT OUTLINE 1. Review of Grade 9 Terms & the Periodic Table Bohr diagrams Evidence for chemical reactions Chemical Tests 2. Naming & writing
More informationFletcher Junction Project Technical Update December 18, 2008
Fletcher Junction Project Technical Update December 18, 2008 Disclaimer Warning! The business of Gold Exploration can be FUN, but it can also be hazardous to your physical, emotional, spiritual and financial
More information6.3 Classifying Elements with the Periodic Table
6.3 Classifying Elements with the Periodic Table The Periodic Table was developed by scientists to organize elements in such a way as to make sense of the growing information about their properties. The
More informationChapter 1 -- Introduction to Qualitative Analysis. NAME: Lab Section: Date: Sign-Off:
Chapter 1 -- Introduction to Qualitative Analysis NAME: Lab Section: Date: Sign-Off: Chapter 1 -- Introduction to Qualitative Analysis Introduction Qualitative analysis is a way inorganic chemists have
More informationTABLE DR2. Lu-Hf ISOTOPIC DATA FOR WHOLE ROCK SAMPLES AND ZIRCONS [Lu] [Hf]
TABLE DR1. LOWER CRUSTAL GRANULITE XENOLITH DERIVATION AND MINERALOGY Sample Kimberlite Type Mineralogy KX1-1 Lace s gt + qz + sa + rt (sil, ky, gr, su, cor, zr, mz) KX1-2 Lace s gt + sa + qz + rt (sil,
More informationKorrelationsfunktionen in Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen
Korrelationsfunktionen in Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen mittlere Dichte Relaxationszeit T 0 L. Van Hove, Phys. Rev. 95, 249 (1954) Inelastische und quasielastische Streuung M. Bée, Chem. Phys. 292, 121 (2003)
More information1 of 5 14/10/ :21
X-ray absorption s, characteristic X-ray lines... 4.2.1 Home About Table of Contents Advanced Search Copyright Feedback Privacy You are here: Chapter: 4 Atomic and nuclear physics Section: 4.2 Absorption
More informationPart I Assignment: Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Chapter 11 The Periodic Table Part I Assignment: Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table Use your periodic table and your new knowledge of how it works with electron configurations to write complete
More information