Peat Slope Failures in Ireland & Stability Assessment

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Peat Slope Failures in Ireland & Stability Assessment"

Transcription

1 Reinforced Water, Edinburgh 11 th March 28 Peat Slope Failures in Ireland & Stability Assessment Noel Boylan University College Dublin Supervisor: Dr. Mike Long UCD School of Architecture, Landscape and Civil Engineering. Scoil na hailtireachta, na Tírdhreacha agus na hinnealtóireachta Sibhialta UCD. Presentation Outline Background Peat Slope Failures in Ireland Engineering Stability Assessment Undrained Shear Strength ( ) Recent Research UCD-DSS Full Flow Penetrometers Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 2/29 1

2 Pollatomish, Co. Mayo 19 th September 23 ~4 Failures ~11 Failure Occurred in Peat 2

3 Derrybrien, Co. Galway 16 th October 23 45,m 3 Peat moved ~3m wide 3

4 Derrybrien Head of Failure ~4m Wide Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 7/29 4

5 Peat Slope Failures in Ireland Peat Distribution & Annual Rainfall Ward et al. (27) National Landslide Database Geological Survey of Ireland Location of Peat Failure 13.8% Peat >7 Events 1km Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 9/29 Assessment of Peat Stability - Ireland Planning Guidelines 1 for windfarm developments require an assessment of peat stability to take place Qualative Risk Assessments generally used to assess risks from array of causal factors Current (recent) practice is to carry out Engineering stability assessmentsing results of in-situ vane tests (-vane ) 1 DOEHLG (26) Wind Energy Development Guidelines Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 1/29 5

6 Engineering Stability Assessment Infinite Slope Stability Calculation z w z W τ Passive resistance and vertical portions of failure surface ignored. Z/L generally much less than.1 for peat failures. β N su FOS = γzsinβcosβ FOS 1.4 Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 11/29 In-situ Vane Tests Current (recent) practice is to use from field vane tests FVT known to be misleading in peat Anisotropy of peat due to fibres. /σ' v = 1-2 Compression of peat by vane.failure surface differs from theoretical Voids open up behind the vane facilitating drainage reduces with increasing vane diameter Doesn t seem appropriate as dominant failure is horizontal sliding Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 12/29 6

7 Insitu Vane Tests / σ v ' H4 peat 1 H5 / H6 peat Depth (m) 2 H6 / H7 peat 3 Triaxial Compression (TC) 4 Direct Simple Shear (DSS) Marl / Silty Sand Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 13/29 Strength appropriate to failure surface TC TE DSS Normal Force Shear Force α Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 14/29 7

8 DSS Testing of Peat Some Experience of DSS testing of Peat Carlsten (2), Farrell et al. (1998), Zwanenburg (25) Largely carried out at high stress levels above insitu condition to define / σ' v relationship Need to develop apparatus to test a low stress levels (dejong, 27) Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 15/29 Development of DSS for Peat Criteria for DSS to satisfy: Simulate the low apparent effective stresses that peat experiences insitu ( 2-5kPa) Method to ensure that peat is indeed undergoing shear strain and not slipping at patten Monitor deformation of peat to learn about peat strength Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 16/29 8

9 UCD-DSS Apparatus Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 17/29 UCD-DSS Deformation Analysis Markers Patches 1. Break image up into a fine mesh 2. Using cross-correlation techniques, find location of each square in second image 3. Close range photogrammetry to calibrate strains 4. Plot strains & contours of shear strain (White et al., 23) Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 18/29 9

10 Deformation Monitoring - Example y/d Shear Strain, yx (%) -5 y/d 1.5 Global = 2% xy Volumetric Strain, vol (%) Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 19/29 Vane & DSS Results / σ v ' Depth (m) FVT - DSS Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 2/29 1

11 Insitu Testing Not always feasible to test large amounts of specimens in laboratory Difficulties obtaining samples Sample Disturbance Difficulties preparing specimen for testing Need an insitu test to relate to Problems with cone penetration testing (CPT) in peat Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 21/29 Problems with CPTU in Peat q c and u 2 (kpa) u 2 f s Depth b.g.l. (m) 4 q c u 2 f s 6 q c f s (kpa) Problems of negative resistances in peat Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 22/29 11

12 Full Flow Penetrometers Standard 1cm 2 Cone T-bar Penetrometer 1cm 2 Ball Penetrometer 1cm 2 Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 23/29 Relationship to Undrained Shear Strength ( ) Measured Resistance requires minimal correction compared to CPTU I J Ext Ext H DSS G Comp q su = T bar T bar s = u q Ball Ball DSS F Deformation relates closest to -AVG -DSS B C Comp Comp D DSS E Ext Randolph & Andersen (26) Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 24/29 12

13 Bothkennar Soft Clay - Ball Undrained Shear Strength, (kpa) Depth (m) CAUE DSS CAUC Ball N Ball = 15.3 Estimated from Plasticity Solutions & Strain Rate Effect & Strain Softening Good Agreement with -DSS 16 2 Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 25/29 CPTU, Tbar & Ball q net, q T-bar and q Ball (MPa) Depth b.g.l. (m) 2 CPTU Ball Test 1 Ball Test 2 Tbar 3 Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 26/29 13

14 Tbar Testing / σ v ' N Tbar = 28 Depth (m) 2 High repeatability of Tbar & Ball Reduces scatter in /σ' v FVT - DSS Tbar 12 Tbar 16 Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 27/29 Summary In-situ vane tests can be misleading in peat soils However, often used in site investigations on peatlands Taking into account the strength anisotropy of peat and the nature of deformation in a peat failure DSS more appropriate test UCD-DSS is capable of testing at appropriate stress levels Full flow penetrometers can be a useful tool for in-situ measurements and correlation with laboratory data Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 28/29 14

15 Thank you for Listening Acknowledgements Dr. Paul Jennings (AGEC) Lankelma Ltd. BOGLAND Funded by Outline Irish Failures Stability DSS Full Flow Pens 29/29 15

Recent UCD Research on Peat

Recent UCD Research on Peat Hanrahan Memorial Symposium - 11 th September 2013 Recent UCD Research on Peat Mike Long (Noel Boylan, ex UCD) UCD School of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering. Presentation Outline Characterisation

More information

Peat Slides in Ireland Causes and Prescriptions

Peat Slides in Ireland Causes and Prescriptions Peat Slides in Ireland Causes and Prescriptions Dr Mike Long & Dr Noel Boylan* UCD School of Architecture, Landscape & Civil Engineering (* Now UWA, Perth, Australia) 1 st May 2009 Earth Systems Institute

More information

The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters!

The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters! Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies., Please cite the published version when available. Title In situ strength characterisation of peat

More information

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL UNCONFINED COMPRESSION TEST

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL UNCONFINED COMPRESSION TEST SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL DEFINITION The shear strength of the soil mass is the internal resistance per unit area that the soil mass can offer to resist failure and sliding along any plane inside it. INTRODUCTION

More information

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay 56 Module 4: Lecture 7 on Stress-strain relationship and Shear strength of soils Contents Stress state, Mohr s circle analysis and Pole, Principal stressspace, Stress pathsin p-q space; Mohr-Coulomb failure

More information

Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 2

Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 2 Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 2 P.K. Robertson 2013 Definitions of Liquefaction Cyclic (seismic) Liquefaction Zero effective stress (during cyclic loading) Flow (static) Liquefaction

More information

CHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE SOFT CLAYS FOR DESIGN PURPOSES

CHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE SOFT CLAYS FOR DESIGN PURPOSES Indian Geotechnical Conference IGC2016 15-17 December 2016, IIT Madras, Chennai, India CHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE SOFT CLAYS FOR DESIGN PURPOSES V. Thakur, Professor, Geotechnical Engineering, Norwegian

More information

Laboratory Testing Total & Effective Stress Analysis

Laboratory Testing Total & Effective Stress Analysis SKAA 1713 SOIL MECHANICS Laboratory Testing Total & Effective Stress Analysis Prepared by: Dr. Hetty Mohr Coulomb failure criterion with Mohr circle of stress 2 ' 2 ' ' ' 3 ' 1 ' 3 ' 1 Cot Sin c ' ' 2

More information

ASSESSMENT OF SHEAR STRENGTH IN SILTY SOILS

ASSESSMENT OF SHEAR STRENGTH IN SILTY SOILS Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica, Vol. 37, No. 2, 2015 DOI: 10.1515/sgem-2015-0020 ASSESSMENT OF SHEAR STRENGTH IN SILTY SOILS KATARZYNA STEFANIAK Poznań University if Life Sciences, Institute of Construction

More information

Enhanced In-Situ Testing for Geotechnical Site Characterization. Graduate Course CEE 6423

Enhanced In-Situ Testing for Geotechnical Site Characterization. Graduate Course CEE 6423 Enhanced In-Situ Testing for Geotechnical Site Characterization SPT, VST, DMT, PMT, CHT, DHT, CPT Graduate Course CEE 6423 Paul W. Mayne, PhD, P.E. Professor, Geosystems Program Civil & Environmental Engineering

More information

8.1. What is meant by the shear strength of soils? Solution 8.1 Shear strength of a soil is its internal resistance to shearing stresses.

8.1. What is meant by the shear strength of soils? Solution 8.1 Shear strength of a soil is its internal resistance to shearing stresses. 8.1. What is meant by the shear strength of soils? Solution 8.1 Shear strength of a soil is its internal resistance to shearing stresses. 8.2. Some soils show a peak shear strength. Why and what type(s)

More information

Soil Behaviour Type from the CPT: an update

Soil Behaviour Type from the CPT: an update Soil Behaviour Type from the CPT: an update P.K. Robertson Gregg Drilling & Testing Inc., Signal Hill, California, USA ABSTRACT: One of the most common applications of CPT results is to evaluate soil type

More information

D1. A normally consolidated clay has the following void ratio e versus effective stress σ relationship obtained in an oedometer test.

D1. A normally consolidated clay has the following void ratio e versus effective stress σ relationship obtained in an oedometer test. (d) COMPRESSIBILITY AND CONSOLIDATION D1. A normally consolidated clay has the following void ratio e versus effective stress σ relationship obtained in an oedometer test. (a) Plot the e - σ curve. (b)

More information

Correlations between shear wave velocity and geotechnical parameters in Norwegian clays

Correlations between shear wave velocity and geotechnical parameters in Norwegian clays NGM 2016 Reykjavik Proceedings of the 17 th Nordic Geotechnical Meeting Challenges in Nordic Geotechnic 25 th 28 th of May Correlations between shear wave velocity and geotechnical parameters in Norwegian

More information

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL Soil Failure Criteria SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL Knowledge about the shear strength of soil important for the analysis of: Bearing capacity of foundations, Slope stability, Lateral pressure on retaining structures,

More information

Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice

Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice Table Of Contents: LIST OF CONTENTS v (4) PREFACE ix (2) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi (1) SYMBOL LIST xii (4) CONVERSION FACTORS xvi (6) GLOSSARY xxii 1. INTRODUCTION

More information

A Constitutive Framework for the Numerical Analysis of Organic Soils and Directionally Dependent Materials

A Constitutive Framework for the Numerical Analysis of Organic Soils and Directionally Dependent Materials Dublin, October 2010 A Constitutive Framework for the Numerical Analysis of Organic Soils and Directionally Dependent Materials FracMan Technology Group Dr Mark Cottrell Presentation Outline Some Physical

More information

Soil strength. the strength depends on the applied stress. water pressures are required

Soil strength. the strength depends on the applied stress. water pressures are required Soil Strength Soil strength u Soils are essentially frictional materials the strength depends on the applied stress u Strength is controlled by effective stresses water pressures are required u Soil strength

More information

CPT Applications - Liquefaction 2

CPT Applications - Liquefaction 2 CPT Applications - Liquefaction 2 Peter K. Robertson CPT in Geotechnical Practice Santiago, Chile July, 2014 Definitions of Liquefaction Cyclic (seismic) Liquefaction Zero effective stress (during cyclic

More information

Shear Strength of Soils

Shear Strength of Soils Shear Strength of Soils Soil strength Most of problems in soil engineering (foundations, slopes, etc.) soil withstands shear stresses. Shear strength of a soil is defined as the capacity to resist shear

More information

CPT: Geopractica Contracting (Pty) Ltd Total depth: m, Date:

CPT: Geopractica Contracting (Pty) Ltd Total depth: m, Date: The plot below presents the cross correlation coeficient between the raw qc and fs values (as measured on the field). X axes presents the lag distance (one lag is the distance between two sucessive CPT

More information

1.8 Unconfined Compression Test

1.8 Unconfined Compression Test 1-49 1.8 Unconfined Compression Test - It gives a quick and simple measurement of the undrained strength of cohesive, undisturbed soil specimens. 1) Testing method i) Trimming a sample. Length-diameter

More information

Ch 4a Stress, Strain and Shearing

Ch 4a Stress, Strain and Shearing Ch. 4a - Stress, Strain, Shearing Page 1 Ch 4a Stress, Strain and Shearing Reading Assignment Ch. 4a Lecture Notes Sections 4.1-4.3 (Salgado) Other Materials Handout 4 Homework Assignment 3 Problems 4-13,

More information

The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters!

The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters! Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies., Please cite the published version when available. Title Development of a direct simple shear apparatus

More information

Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics

Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics KENJI ISHIHARA Department of Civil Engineering Science University of Tokyo This publication was supported by a generous donation from the Daido Life Foundation

More information

The CPT in unsaturated soils

The CPT in unsaturated soils The CPT in unsaturated soils Associate Professor Adrian Russell (UNSW) Mr David Reid (Golder Associates) Prof Nasser Khalili (UNSW) Dr Mohammad Pournaghiazar (UNSW) Dr Hongwei Yang (Uni of Hong Kong) Outline

More information

INTERPRETATION OF UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF UNSATURATED SOILS IN TERMS OF STRESS STATE VARIABLES

INTERPRETATION OF UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF UNSATURATED SOILS IN TERMS OF STRESS STATE VARIABLES INTERPRETATION OF UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF UNSATURATED SOILS IN TERMS OF STRESS STATE VARIABLES S. K. Vanapalli and D.G. Fredlund Department of Civil Engineering University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon

More information

ISC 5 SELF-BORING PRESSUREMETER TESTS AT THE NATIONAL FIELD TESTING FACILITY, BALLINA 5 9 SEPT 2016

ISC 5 SELF-BORING PRESSUREMETER TESTS AT THE NATIONAL FIELD TESTING FACILITY, BALLINA 5 9 SEPT 2016 ISC 5 5 9 SEPT 2016 SELF-BORING PRESSUREMETER TESTS AT THE NATIONAL FIELD TESTING FACILITY, BALLINA Fillippo Gaone James Doherty Susan Gourvenec Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, UWA School of Civil,

More information

SOME OBSERVATIONS RELATED TO LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SILTY SOILS

SOME OBSERVATIONS RELATED TO LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SILTY SOILS SOME OBSERVATIONS RELATED TO LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SILTY SOILS Upul ATUKORALA 1, Dharma WIJEWICKREME 2 And Norman MCCAMMON 3 SUMMARY The liquefaction susceptibility of silty soils has not received

More information

Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering 1.1 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2 The Unique Nature of Soil and Rock Materials

Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering 1.1 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2 The Unique Nature of Soil and Rock Materials Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering 1.1 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2 The Unique Nature of Soil and Rock Materials 1.3 Scope of This Book 1.4 Historical Development of Geotechnical

More information

1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION 1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION

1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION 1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION Module 6 Lecture 40 Evaluation of Soil Settlement - 6 Topics 1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION 1.5.1 Definition of Stress Path 1.5. Stress and Strain Path for Consolidated Undrained Undrained

More information

The Role of Slope Geometry on Flowslide Occurrence

The Role of Slope Geometry on Flowslide Occurrence American Journal of Environmental Sciences 3 (3): 93-97, 27 ISSN 1553-345X 27 Science Publications Corresponding Author: The Role of Slope Geometry on Flowslide Occurrence Chiara Deangeli DITAG, Politecnico

More information

The use of multichannel analysis of surface waves in determining G max for soft clay

The use of multichannel analysis of surface waves in determining G max for soft clay The use of multichannel analysis of surface waves in determining G max for soft clay S. Donohue, M. Long & K. Gavin Dept. of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland P. O Connor Apex Geoservices,

More information

Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Interpretation

Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Interpretation Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Interpretation Gregg uses a proprietary CPT interpretation and plotting software. The software takes the CPT data and performs basic interpretation in terms of soil behavior

More information

ADDITIONAL SENSORS THAT CAN BE INCORPORATED

ADDITIONAL SENSORS THAT CAN BE INCORPORATED Additional Sensors JJMP ADDITIONAL SENSORS THAT CAN BE INCORPORATED Modern electronics, sensor technology and data acquisition systems have opened up a whole new world for add-on devices to the CPT/CPTU.

More information

H.1 SUMMARY OF SUBSURFACE STRATIGRAPHY AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES (DATA PACKAGE)

H.1 SUMMARY OF SUBSURFACE STRATIGRAPHY AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES (DATA PACKAGE) DRAFT ONONDAGA LAKE CAPPING AND DREDGE AREA AND DEPTH INITIAL DESIGN SUBMITTAL H.1 SUMMARY OF SUBSURFACE STRATIGRAPHY AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES (DATA PACKAGE) Parsons P:\Honeywell -SYR\444576 2008 Capping\09

More information

Boylan, Noel; Long, Michael (Michael M.) Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society

Boylan, Noel; Long, Michael (Michael M.) Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title In situ testing of peat a review and update

More information

POSSIBILITY OF UNDRAINED FLOW IN SUCTION-DEVELOPED UNSATURATED SANDY SOILS IN TRIAXIAL TESTS

POSSIBILITY OF UNDRAINED FLOW IN SUCTION-DEVELOPED UNSATURATED SANDY SOILS IN TRIAXIAL TESTS 4 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering June 25-28, 2007 Paper No. 1289 POSSIBILITY OF UNDRAINED FLOW IN SUCTION-DEVELOPED UNSATURATED SANDY SOILS IN TRIAXIAL TESTS Toshiyuki

More information

Shear strength. Common cases of shearing In practice, the state of stress in the ground will be complex. Common cases of shearing Strength

Shear strength. Common cases of shearing In practice, the state of stress in the ground will be complex. Common cases of shearing Strength Shear strength Common cases of shearing Strength Near any geotechnical construction (e.g. slopes, excavations, tunnels and foundations) there will be both mean and normal stresses and shear stresses. The

More information

MEASURING UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF OIL SANDS TAILINGS DEPOSITS

MEASURING UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF OIL SANDS TAILINGS DEPOSITS MEASURING UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF OIL SANDS TAILINGS DEPOSITS Final Report to Canada s Oil Sands Innovation Alliance (COSIA) Prepared by COSIA Deposit Characterization Committee: Heather Kaminsky,

More information

Cyclic Behavior of Sand and Cyclic Triaxial Tests. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University

Cyclic Behavior of Sand and Cyclic Triaxial Tests. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Cyclic Behavior of Sand and Cyclic Triaxial Tests Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Causes of Pore Pressure Buildup due to Cyclic Stress Application Stress are due

More information

Soil and Rock Strength. Chapter 8 Shear Strength. Steel Strength. Concrete Strength. Dr. Talat Bader May Steel. Concrete.

Soil and Rock Strength. Chapter 8 Shear Strength. Steel Strength. Concrete Strength. Dr. Talat Bader May Steel. Concrete. Chapter 8 Shear Strength Dr. Talat Bader May 2006 Soil and Rock Strength Unconfined compressive strength (MPa) Steel Concrete 20 100 250 750 0.001 0.01 Soil 0.1 1.0 10 Rock 100 250 F y = 250 to 750 MPa

More information

SOME GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF KLANG CLAY

SOME GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF KLANG CLAY SOME GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF KLANG CLAY Y.C. Tan, S.S. Gue, H.B. Ng 3, P.T. Lee 4 ABSTRACT A series of subsurface investigation including in-situ and laboratory tests has been carefully planned and

More information

TC211 Workshop CALIBRATION OF RIGID INCLUSION PARAMETERS BASED ON. Jérôme Racinais. September 15, 2015 PRESSUMETER TEST RESULTS

TC211 Workshop CALIBRATION OF RIGID INCLUSION PARAMETERS BASED ON. Jérôme Racinais. September 15, 2015 PRESSUMETER TEST RESULTS Jérôme Racinais September 15, 215 TC211 Workshop CALIBRATION OF RIGID INCLUSION PARAMETERS BASED ON PRESSUMETER TEST RESULTS Table of contents 1. Reminder about pressuremeter tests 2. General behaviour

More information

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL

SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL Necessity of studying Shear Strength of soils : Soil failure usually occurs in the form of shearing along internal surface within the soil. Shear Strength: Thus, structural strength

More information

Shear Strength of. Charles Aubeny. Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University

Shear Strength of. Charles Aubeny. Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Shear Strength of Shallow Soils Charles Aubeny Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Issues 1. Relevant to practical problems Shallow slopes Organic soils Pipeline embedment

More information

Compressibility & Consolidation

Compressibility & Consolidation CHAPTER Compressibility & Consolidation Settlement If a structure is placed on soil surface, then the soil will undergo an elastic and plastic deformation. In engineering practice, the deformation or reduction

More information

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ECG 503 LECTURE NOTE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RETAINING STRUCTURES

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ECG 503 LECTURE NOTE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RETAINING STRUCTURES GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ECG 503 LECTURE NOTE 07 3.0 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RETAINING STRUCTURES LEARNING OUTCOMES Learning outcomes: At the end of this lecture/week the students would be able to: Understand

More information

Chapter (12) Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad

Chapter (12) Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad Chapter (12) Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2017-2016 Chapter Outlines Shear strength in soils Direct shear test Unconfined Compression Test Tri-axial Test Shear Strength The strength of a material is the

More information

Interpretation of Flow Parameters from In-Situ Tests (P.W. Mayne, November 2001)

Interpretation of Flow Parameters from In-Situ Tests (P.W. Mayne, November 2001) Interpretation of Flow Parameters from In-Situ Tests (P.W. Mayne, November 2001) FLOW PROPERTIES Soils exhibit flow properties that control hydraulic conductivity (k), rates of consolidation, construction

More information

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Statement of the Problem Engineering properties of geomaterials are very important for civil engineers because almost everything we build - tunnels, bridges, dams and others

More information

Triaxial Shear Test. o The most reliable method now available for determination of shear strength parameters.

Triaxial Shear Test. o The most reliable method now available for determination of shear strength parameters. TOPICS Introduction Components of Shear Strength of Soils Normal and Shear Stresses on a Plane Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion Laboratory Shear Strength Testing Direct Shear Test Triaxial Compression Test

More information

NEW DOWN-HOLE PENETROMETER (DHP-CIGMAT) FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS

NEW DOWN-HOLE PENETROMETER (DHP-CIGMAT) FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS NEW DOWN-HOLE PENETROMETER (DHP-CIGMAT) FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS 1 2 C. Vipulanandan 1, Ph.D., M. ASCE and Omer F. Usluogullari 2 Chairman, Professor, Director of Center for Innovative Grouting Materials

More information

CYCLIC LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF LACUS- TRINE CARBONATE SILT FROM JULIAN ALPS

CYCLIC LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF LACUS- TRINE CARBONATE SILT FROM JULIAN ALPS CYCLIC LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL OF LACUS- TRINE CARBONATE SILT FROM JULIAN ALPS BOJAN ŽLENDER and STANISLAV LENART About the authors Bojan Žlender University of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering Smetanova

More information

Cyclic Triaxial Behavior of an Unsaturated Silty Soil Subjected to Suction Changes

Cyclic Triaxial Behavior of an Unsaturated Silty Soil Subjected to Suction Changes 6 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering 1-4 November 215 Christchurch, New Zealand Cyclic Triaxial Behavior of an Unsaturated Silty Soil Subjected to Suction Changes T. Nishimura

More information

Shear Strength of Soil

Shear Strength of Soil 8 Shear Strength of Soil 8 1 INTRODUCTION As a structural member, a piece of steel is capable of resisting compression, tension, and shear. Soil, however, like concrete and rock, is not capable of resisting

More information

Cite this paper as follows:

Cite this paper as follows: Cite this paper as follows: Naughton P.J. and O Kelly B.C. 2001. An overview of the University College Dublin hollow cylinder apparatus. Proceedings of the 14th Young European Geotechnical Engineer s Conference,

More information

Case Study - Undisturbed Sampling, Cyclic Testing and Numerical Modelling of a Low Plasticity Silt

Case Study - Undisturbed Sampling, Cyclic Testing and Numerical Modelling of a Low Plasticity Silt 6 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering 1-4 November 2015 Christchurch, New Zealand Case Study - Undisturbed Sampling, Cyclic Testing and Numerical Modelling of a Low Plasticity

More information

CPT Data Interpretation Theory Manual

CPT Data Interpretation Theory Manual CPT Data Interpretation Theory Manual 2016 Rocscience Inc. Table of Contents 1 Introduction... 3 2 Soil Parameter Interpretation... 5 3 Soil Profiling... 11 3.1 Non-Normalized SBT Charts... 11 3.2 Normalized

More information

Theory of Shear Strength

Theory of Shear Strength MAJ 1013 ADVANCED SOIL MECHANICS Theory of Shear Strength Prepared by, Dr. Hetty 1 Strength of different materials Steel Concrete Soil Tensile strength Compressive strength Shear strength Complex behavior

More information

Canadian Geotechnical Journal. CPT-based Soil Behaviour Type (SBT) Classification System an update

Canadian Geotechnical Journal. CPT-based Soil Behaviour Type (SBT) Classification System an update Canadian Geotechnical Journal CPT-based Soil Behaviour Type (SBT) Classification System an update Journal: Canadian Geotechnical Journal Manuscript ID cgj-2016-0044.r1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted

More information

Suitability of the SDMT method to assess geotechnical parameters of post-flotation sediments.

Suitability of the SDMT method to assess geotechnical parameters of post-flotation sediments. Suitability of the SDMT method to assess geotechnical parameters of post-flotation sediments. Zbigniew Młynarek, Sławomir Gogolik August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznań, Poland Diego Marchetti

More information

The San Jacinto Monument Case History

The San Jacinto Monument Case History Picture obtained from http://www.laanba.net/photoblog/ January05/sanjacinto.jpg Jean-Louis Briaud Texas A&M University The San Jacinto Monument Case History 1 2 CREDITS Phillip King Fugro Briaud J.-L.,

More information

DERIVATIVE OF STRESS STRAIN, DEVIATORIC STRESS AND UNDRAINED COHESION MODELS BASED ON SOIL MODULUS OF COHESIVE SOILS

DERIVATIVE OF STRESS STRAIN, DEVIATORIC STRESS AND UNDRAINED COHESION MODELS BASED ON SOIL MODULUS OF COHESIVE SOILS International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 7, Jul 2015, pp. 34-43, Article ID: IJCIET_06_07_005 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtypeijciet&vtype=6&itype=7

More information

Chapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil

Chapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil Page 5 Chapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil. The internal resistance per unit area that the soil mass can offer to resist failure and sliding along any plane inside it is called (a) strength (b) shear strength

More information

Evaluating Soil Liquefaction and Post-earthquake deformations using the CPT

Evaluating Soil Liquefaction and Post-earthquake deformations using the CPT Evaluating Soil Liquefaction and Post-earthquake deformations using the CPT P.K. Robertson University of Alberta, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Canada Keywords: Soil liquefaction,

More information

GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OBTAINED WITH NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL MODELS USED IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS

GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OBTAINED WITH NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL MODELS USED IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE CIBv 2010 12 13 November 2010, Braşov GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OBTAINED WITH NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL MODELS USED IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS Iulia-Consuela MOLNAR*,

More information

Some Observations on the Effect of Initial Static Shear Stress on Cyclic Response of Natural Silt from Lower Mainland of British Columbia

Some Observations on the Effect of Initial Static Shear Stress on Cyclic Response of Natural Silt from Lower Mainland of British Columbia 6 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering 1-4 November 215 Christchurch, New Zealand Some Observations on the Effect of Initial Static Shear Stress on Cyclic Response of Natural

More information

Monotonic and dilatory excess pore water dissipations in silt following CPTU at variable penetration rate

Monotonic and dilatory excess pore water dissipations in silt following CPTU at variable penetration rate Monotonic and dilatory excess pore water dissipations in silt following CPTU at variable penetration rate P. Paniagua, R. Carroll, J. S. L'Heureux Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Trondheim & Oslo, Norway

More information

A practical method for extrapolating ambient pore pressures from incomplete pore pressure dissipation tests conducted in fine grained soils

A practical method for extrapolating ambient pore pressures from incomplete pore pressure dissipation tests conducted in fine grained soils A practical method for extrapolating ambient pore pressures from incomplete pore pressure dissipation tests conducted in fine grained soils J. Scheremeta; M.S., E.I. Knight Piésold and Co., Denver, Colorado,

More information

Axially Loaded Piles

Axially Loaded Piles Axially Loaded Piles 1 t- Curve Method using Finite Element Analysis The stress-strain relationship for an axially loaded pile can be described through three loading mechanisms: axial deformation in the

More information

A NEW MODEL LINKING SOIL STRUCTURE TO STRENGTH

A NEW MODEL LINKING SOIL STRUCTURE TO STRENGTH A NEW MODEL LINKING SOIL STRUCTURE TO STRENGTH Ozer Cinicioglu Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey Dobroslav Znidarcic CU Boulder, Colorado, USA Hon-Yim Ko CU Boulder, Colorado, USA The Motivation is

More information

Evaluation of Undrained Shear Strength of Loose Silty Sands Using CPT Results

Evaluation of Undrained Shear Strength of Loose Silty Sands Using CPT Results Evaluation of Undrained Shear Strength of Loose Silty Sands Using CPT Results Downloaded from ijce.iust.ac.ir at 3:55 IRST on Thursday October 18th 2018 S. A. Naeini 1, R. Ziaie_Moayed 2 1 Department of

More information

Some recent developments on geophysical testing of peat

Some recent developments on geophysical testing of peat NGM 2016 Reykjavik Proceedings of the 17 th Nordic Geotechnical Meeting Challenges in Nordic Geotechnic 25 th 28 th of May Some recent developments on geophysical testing of peat A. Trafford APEX Geoservices

More information

Performance based earthquake design using the CPT

Performance based earthquake design using the CPT Performance based earthquake design using the CPT P.K. Robertson Gregg Drilling & Testing Inc., Signal Hill, California, USA Performance-Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Kokusho, Tsukamoto

More information

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Achmus Institute of Soil Mechanics, Foundation Engineering and Waterpower Engineering. Offshore subsoil investigations

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Achmus Institute of Soil Mechanics, Foundation Engineering and Waterpower Engineering. Offshore subsoil investigations Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Achmus Institute of Soil Mechanics, Foundation Engineering and Waterpower Engineering Offshore subsoil investigations Addis Ababa, September 2010 Offshore subsoil investigations Presentation

More information

Stress and Strains in Soil and Rock. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University

Stress and Strains in Soil and Rock. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Stress and Strains in Soil and Rock Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Stress and Strain ε 1 1 2 ε 2 ε Dimension 1 2 0 ε ε ε 0 1 2 ε 1 1 2 ε 2 ε Plane Strain = 0 1 2

More information

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay 51 Module 4: Lecture 2 on Stress-strain relationship and Shear strength of soils Contents Stress state, Mohr s circle analysis and Pole, Principal stressspace, Stress pathsin p-q space; Mohr-coulomb failure

More information

PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO DETERMINING SOIL PARAMETERS

PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO DETERMINING SOIL PARAMETERS DGF Seminar in Cooperation with DONG Energy Wind Power DONG Energy Gentofte 1 April 2014 12:00 21:00 PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO DETERMINING SOIL PARAMETERS Lars Vabbersgaard Andersen, John Dalsgaard Sørensen,

More information

3-BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS

3-BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS 3-BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS INTRODUCTION The soil must be capable of carrying the loads from any engineered structure placed upon it without a shear failure and with the resulting settlements being tolerable

More information

MEDAT-2: Some Geotechnical Opportunities. Site Characterization -- Opportunities. Down-hole CPT & vane (Fugro)

MEDAT-2: Some Geotechnical Opportunities. Site Characterization -- Opportunities. Down-hole CPT & vane (Fugro) MEDAT-2: Some Geotechnical Opportunities Ross W. Boulanger Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of California Davis, California 95616-5294 rwboulanger@ucdavis.edu Presentation for

More information

(C) Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management

(C) Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management GEOTECHNCIAL ASSESSMENT OF PART OF PORT HARCOURT, NIGER DELTA FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Warmate Tamunonengiyeofori Geostrat International Services Limited, www.geostratinternational.com. *Correspondence

More information

Reinforced Soil Structures Reinforced Soil Walls. Prof K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering IIT Madras, Chennai

Reinforced Soil Structures Reinforced Soil Walls. Prof K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering IIT Madras, Chennai Geosynthetics and Reinforced Soil Structures Reinforced Soil Walls continued Prof K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering IIT Madras, Chennai e-mail: gopalkr@iitm.ac.inac in Outline of the Lecture

More information

Empirical Estimation of Soil Unit Weight and Undrained Shear Strength from Shear Wave Velocity Measurements

Empirical Estimation of Soil Unit Weight and Undrained Shear Strength from Shear Wave Velocity Measurements 5 th Intl Conf on Geotechnical & Geophysical Site Characterisation Empirical Estimation of Soil Unit Weight and Undrained Shear Strength from Shear Wave Velocity Measurements Sung Woo Moon and Taeseo Ku*

More information

Table 3. Empirical Coefficients for BS 8002 equation. A (degrees) Rounded Sub-angular. 2 Angular. B (degrees) Uniform Moderate grading.

Table 3. Empirical Coefficients for BS 8002 equation. A (degrees) Rounded Sub-angular. 2 Angular. B (degrees) Uniform Moderate grading. Hatanaka and Uchida (1996); ' 20N 20 12N 20 ' 45 A lower bound for the above equation is given as; 12N 15 ' 45 Table 3. Empirical Coefficients for BS 8002 equation A Angularity 1) A (degrees) Rounded 0

More information

NUMERICAL MODELING OF INSTABILITIES IN SAND

NUMERICAL MODELING OF INSTABILITIES IN SAND NUMERICAL MODELING OF INSTABILITIES IN SAND KIRK ELLISON March 14, 2008 Advisor: Jose Andrade Masters Defense Outline of Presentation Randomized porosity in FEM simulations Liquefaction in FEM simulations

More information

Importance of CPT in development of offshore windfarms

Importance of CPT in development of offshore windfarms Importance of CPT in development of offshore windfarms Tom Lunne, NGI Outline Background Overview of potential foundation types, forces and special challenges Range of soils typically encountered Soil

More information

Cyclic Behavior of Soils

Cyclic Behavior of Soils Cyclic Behavior of Soils Antonios Vytiniotis Cyclic Shearing of Sands Dry Sand 1 Triaxial Undrained Monotonic Shearing CIUC tests Ishihara Critical State Toyoura Sand Ishihara 2 Critical State Ishihara

More information

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia SHEARING RATE EFFECTS ON RESEARCH CENTRE FOR SOFT SOILS (RECESS) CLAY USING CONE PENETRATION TEST (CPT) Azranasmarazizi Ayob 1, a, Nor Azizi Yusoff 2,b, Ismail Bakar 3,c,Nur Abidah Azhar 4, d, Ameer Nazrin

More information

GEO E1050 Finite Element Method Mohr-Coulomb and other constitutive models. Wojciech Sołowski

GEO E1050 Finite Element Method Mohr-Coulomb and other constitutive models. Wojciech Sołowski GEO E050 Finite Element Method Mohr-Coulomb and other constitutive models Wojciech Sołowski To learn today. Reminder elasticity 2. Elastic perfectly plastic theory: concept 3. Specific elastic-perfectly

More information

Module 12:Insitu Ground Reinforcement and liquefaction of soils Lecture 38:Definition and mechanism of Liquefaction. The Lecture Contains:

Module 12:Insitu Ground Reinforcement and liquefaction of soils Lecture 38:Definition and mechanism of Liquefaction. The Lecture Contains: The Lecture Contains: Liquefication of soils file:///d /Dr.patra/ground_improvement_techniques/lecture38/38_1.htm [10/12/2011 3:53:45 PM] LIQUEFACTION OF SOILS Many failures of structures like earth structure,

More information

Delft University of Technology. Thermal Cone Penetration Test (T-CPT) Vardon, Phil; Baltoukas, Dimitris; Peuchen, Joek

Delft University of Technology. Thermal Cone Penetration Test (T-CPT) Vardon, Phil; Baltoukas, Dimitris; Peuchen, Joek Delft University of Technology Thermal Cone Penetration Test (T-CPT) Vardon, Phil; Baltoukas, Dimitris; Peuchen, Joek Publication date 2018 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record

More information

STUDY ON CONSOLIDATION OF ALLUVIAL CLAY IN NORTHERN QUEENSLAND

STUDY ON CONSOLIDATION OF ALLUVIAL CLAY IN NORTHERN QUEENSLAND STUDY ON CONSOLIDATION OF ALLUVIAL CLAY IN NORTHERN QUEENSLAND Barry Wai Choo, Kok Geotechnical Services Manager, Abigroup Australia Dr. Richard Gong Senior Geotechnical Engineer, AECOM Australia ABSTRACT

More information

FUNDAMENTALS SOIL MECHANICS. Isao Ishibashi Hemanta Hazarika. >C\ CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group. Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business

FUNDAMENTALS SOIL MECHANICS. Isao Ishibashi Hemanta Hazarika. >C\ CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group. Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business SOIL MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS Isao Ishibashi Hemanta Hazarika >C\ CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business

More information

GEO-SLOPE International Ltd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Wick Drain

GEO-SLOPE International Ltd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada   Wick Drain 1 Introduction Wick Drain This example is about modeling the behavior of a wick drain. The primary purpose here is to illustrate how interface elements can conveniently be used to include the effects of

More information

CPT: _CPTU1. GEOTEA S.R.L. Via della Tecnica 57/A San Lazzaro di Savena (BO)

CPT: _CPTU1. GEOTEA S.R.L. Via della Tecnica 57/A San Lazzaro di Savena (BO) 468 - San Lazzaro di Savena (BO) +39.51.655377 Project: CPeT-IT v.1.7.6.4 - CPTU data presentation & interpretation software - Report created on: 5/1/16, 11.51.3 Project file: \\Server\server\GEOTEA\LAVORI\16\16.8_FA.TA.

More information

TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TITLE PAGE DECLARATION DEDIDATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK

TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TITLE PAGE DECLARATION DEDIDATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TITLE PAGE DECLARATION DEDIDATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLE LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF SYMBOLS LIST OF APENDICES i ii iii iv v

More information

by a factor (F) of 1.8 and 1.6 for vane

by a factor (F) of 1.8 and 1.6 for vane 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Cite this manuscript as follows: O'Kelly B.C. (2013) Discussion of "Enhancement

More information

Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 1

Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 1 Evaluation of soil liquefaction using the CPT Part 1 Dr. Peter K. Robertson Webinar #7 2013 CPT Guide 5 th Edition Download FREE copy from: Robertson & Cabal (Robertson) 5 th Edition 2012 www.greggdrilling.com

More information

Dynamic Analyses of an Earthfill Dam on Over-Consolidated Silt with Cyclic Strain Softening

Dynamic Analyses of an Earthfill Dam on Over-Consolidated Silt with Cyclic Strain Softening Keynote Lecture: Dynamic Analyses of an Earthfill Dam on Over-Consolidated Silt with Cyclic Strain Softening W.D. Liam Finn University of British Columbia, BC, Canada Guoxi Wu BC Hydro, Burnaby, BC, Canada

More information