Reprinted From. Volume 03 Issue 03-JulY 2010
|
|
- Horatio Hicks
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Reprinted From Volume 03 Issue 03-JulY
2 Well arranged receivers for better definition Kim Gunn Maver, Henry Menkiti, Mark McCallum and Uwe Rinck, Schlumberger, France, UK and Canada, assess the benefits of and provide guidance for optimally deploying seismic data receiver arrays within wellbores.
3 Enhancing resolution of subsurface features, and thus optimising hydrocarbon reservoir management, depends heavily on using diverse methods of measurement and resolution. Well log data provide a variety of high resolution measurements of the formation in close proximity to the wellbore. However, conventional logging s depth of investigation is limited to within several feet of the reservoir surrounding the wellbore wall and falls short when it comes to characterising rock properties and fluid behaviour at the reservoir scale. Conversely, conventional 2D and 3D seismic data acquisition provides coarse detail at the reservoir scale, but not the kind of fine resolution needed to determine rock and fluid properties in a reservoir. To improve the interwell image and provide higher resolution measurements than surface seismic, gravity, magnetic and electric data can, and deeper investigation than well logs can, receiver arrays are deployed within the wellbore. Vertical seismic profiling (VSP), crosswell seismic and microseismic acquisition use receiver arrays in the wellbore. Acquiring high resolution data in the interwell space requires deployment of reliable receiver arrays, which in turn overcomes inherent issues within the well and mitigates risks to the well s completion. As these three wellbore deployed receiver array technologies have been improved in recent years, it is now possible to substantially improve reservoir management with the data acquired in this fashion. Furthermore, sensor arrays deployed in the wellbore can also have multiple purposes and can potentially be used to acquire data with more than one acquisition technology at a time, thus offering operational efficiency benefits. Finally, important reservoir information is derived from the individual technologies, and the data can also reinforce each other through integration during both processing and advanced interpretation. The final reservoir model results become more accurate and reliable through cross technology verification. This article provides an up to date overview of the three applications of well deployed seismic receiver arrays, how they are related, and the potential for data integration for better reservoir definition.
4 Table 1. Wellbore deployed receiver array technologies Seismic receiver arrays Deployment Acquisition Results Application VSP Crosswell seismicity Microseismicity Variable position for VSP; fixed position in the upper wellbore for 3D VSP. A number of geophones deployed on a wireline and clamped against the side of the casing; source located on the surface. Source triggered and moved on the surface in preset patterns to provide the required subsurface illumination. 2D and 3D AVO seismic section with higher resolution than surface seismic data in the vicinity of or just below the wellbore. 2D and 3D time lapse results for repeat surveys. Vp/Vs for AVO modelling; multicomponent surface survey design and processing calibration; improved definition of reservoir geometry; fluid movements from time lapse surveys. Variable position, determined by coverage required to image zone of interest. Receiver array consisting of either hydrophones or geophones deployed in one well; source deployed in another well. Sources and receivers moved in a preset pattern in the wells to resolve the image at the reservoir section. 2D seismic section with higher resolution than with either surface seismic data or VSP data in the interwell space at the reservoir section and 2D velocity tomographic model. 2D time lapse results for repeat surveys. Understanding reservoir geometry and rock properties from the 2D seismic section; details of fluid movements from time lapse surveys from both the velocity tomography and the seismic section. Interwell imaging VSP, crosswell seismic and microseismic technologies use receivers deployed in the wellbore in proximity to the reservoir and are therefore able to record a higher fidelity reservoir related seismic signal, which improves the subsurface resolution. The three wellbore deployed seismic receiver array technologies for interwell imaging are outlined in Table 1. VSP is a mature technology with a well known application to provide higher subsurface resolution than surface seismic data can and deeper formation penetration than well logs can, but with imaging limited to the vicinity of the wellbore. Crosswell seismic and microseismic acquisition are newer technologies that the industry is still working on integrating into reservoir management workflows. Crosswell seismic data provide a seismic image further away from the well than VSP data can and with higher resolution, as well as a velocity tomography model. Microseismic data are a result of oilfield operations related to the reservoir. Production or injection activity induces microseismic events through changes in pore pressure, and these events can be used to interpret the dynamic response of the reservoir. There are opportunities integrating the hardware when acquiring the different types of data, and the measurements are somewhat complementary. Usually within the reservoir or just above the reservoir section. Geophones deployed using wireline or on tubing for later retrieval or cemented in place for permanent installation. Events caused by pore pressure changes induced by reservoir production or injection; recorded by geophones. Located microseismic event provides continuous real time 3D information about stress changes in and around the reservoir. Mapping induced fractures to highlight the effect of pressure change on the lithological framework, including caprock integrity, faulting and fluid front monitoring. Figure 1. Different VSP deployment and acquisition approaches. Figure 2. Sensors for VSP data acquisition. VSP VSP acquisition improves vertical seismic resolution by placing the receiver array in the wellbore. Higher resolution is achieved by shortening the ray path and limiting the signal attenuation. However, the subsurface coverage is only in the wellbore vicinity, in contrast to the greater areal coverage of surface seismic data. A VSP survey (Figure 1) is the result of processing the data recorded by a downhole geophone when a source is activated on the surface. A series of closely spaced geophone levels is generally required for accurate VSP processing and interpretation. A wireline tool equipped with receivers is deployed by means of a cable and clamped against the side of the borehole (open or cased), and shots are recorded by geophones placed in stationary positions at different depths. These shots (typically five) between levels are recorded and stacked for each depth, and then the tool is moved to the next position; typically, the spacing between levels in the well is regular and short (10-30 m). A key factor in VSP evolution and improved efficiency has been the re-engineering of sensor packaging 1. One integrated borehole seismic system provides improved signal fidelity through the use of small, three component (3C) sensor packages that are acoustically isolated from the main body of the tool (Figure 2). The isolated sensor REPRINTED FORM OILFIELD TECHNOLOGY
5 package, which houses the three axis geophones, is designed to keep all tool resonances outside the useful frequency of the seismic signal, as well as to achieve optimal coupling in all borehole conditions. This design ensures accurate recording of the seismic signal and results in true amplitude measurement on all three axes, ensuring outstanding vector fidelity. Today VSP surveys are providing more accurate data and better processed images of the subsurface with dramatic reductions in Figure 3. Crosswell seismic imaging operations normally involve accessing two or more wells simultaneously. Figure 4. Comparison of crosswell seismic data and surface seismic data illustrating the substantially increased resolution in the crosswell seismic data. the amount of rig time it takes to record such surveys. Applications have grown to include large scale 3D projects delivering, in addition to checkshot and correlation information, products such as direct measurement of attenuation and spherical divergence, identification of interbed multiples, 2D phase analysis of surface seismic data, 3D match filtering of surface seismic data, and acoustic impedance inversion, among others. A point to note, VSP inversion is not as straightforward as surface seismic processing following migration. Having a fixed array downhole poses some limitations on existing techniques. Addressing these limitations will provide a means of utilising additional applications. This solution was chosen for offset VSPs in two exploration wells offshore Mexico. The objective was to obtain high resolution compressional (P-wave, or Vp) and converted shear wave (S-wave, or Vs) seismic images as well as to investigate how the P-wave and S-wave amplitudes were affected by the presence of hydrocarbons. In the first well, receivers were spaced every 10 m up to 200 m in depth, allowing converted shear waves to be picked close to the seafloor and providing the first shear checkshot survey offshore Mexico. In the second well, VSP processing was integrated with drill bit seismic data recorded in the same well to deliver a complete borehole seismic answer. Crosswell seismic Compared to VSP, further enhancement in vertical resolution and subsurface coverage may be achieved by placing both the receiver array and the source in different wells up to 1 km apart to image the interwell space 2. Crosswell seismic data provide higher vertical resolution imaging of the reservoir layers of up to 10 times better than surface seismic data 3. Both direct arrival data and reflected information are processed to provide a detailed subsurface image of the reservoir or zone of interest. The crosswell seismic data improve the understanding of the reservoir geometry and rock properties from the reflection seismogram and provide details of fluid migration, including steam chambers, from both the velocity tomography and reflection seismogram. Standard seismic receiver arrays run on 12 conductor wirelines and are built to withstand the rigours of the production well environment and to operate in vertical and deviated wells, and in both openholes and cased holes. A total of 80 hydrophones are configured into 10 or 20 noise cancelling active arrays or levels with 3 m spacing. Signal preprocessing is distributed throughout the array for maximum sensitivity and signal-to-noise performance. Specially designed ceramic hydrophones ensure faster data acquisition and superior frequency response ( Hz) than geophones provide, which is critical for high resolution imaging. These hydrophones are specially developed to withstand wellbore temperatures and pressures. The systems are designed to operate with standard wellhead pressure control systems for optimum safety. The source for acquiring crosswell seismic data can be piezoelectric or magnetically clamped. Both sources are borehole friendly and distribute the energy produced over a wellbore area large enough to prevent damage to the casing or cement 4. The crosswell seismic data acquisition is carried out by deploying a receiver array in one well and a source in another well (Figure 3). The source is moved up at regular intervals, emitting a controlled pulse measured by the receiver array in the other well and then moved to the next location with the goal of illuminating as much of the subsurface as possible through the aperture of REPRINTED FROM OILFIELD TECHNOLOGY
6 the source locations and range of receiver locations. Once complete, several fans of raw data are acquired and processed, generating a high resolution 2D seismic section and a velocity tomography image in the interwell space. Santa Rosa field in Venezuela, operated by state oil company Petroleos de Venezuela SA (PDVSA), is a structurally complex fluvial sand system with interbedded shales. In addition to the depositional complexity, post depositional faulting events further complicated and compartmentalised the reservoir. Crosswell seismic data were acquired to resolve the geological setting, thereby providing additional reservoir scale detail and allowing identification of the structural complexities for intelligent development of the field. Figure 4 shows a dramatic increase in resolution compared with the surface seismic and the ability to image features such as channel cuts and faulting. With this information PDVSA was able to define proper well spacing and drilling strategies to optimise gas production. Microseismicity Microseismicity provides continuous real time information about the stress changes in the reservoir away from and between wells; the changes are caused by injection and production operations. Induced fractures can be mapped, and these changes in both space and time provide a unique insight into the effect of pressure change on the lithological framework and associated movement of reservoir fluids. In connection with injection of proppants for hydraulic fracture monitoring, microseismicity is used to monitor the induced fractures even in real time. To monitor the reservoir when injecting drill cuttings, gas, H 2 S or CO 2, induced microseismicity can indicate if the caprock is being breached or if faults are being reactivated to create a leakage path to the surface. When producing hydrocarbons from a reservoir, induced microseismicity may indicate which part of the reservoir has pressure communication and is being produced and highlight potential areas of bypassed hydrocarbons. Microseismic events have, in general, a low magnitude: from Mw -4 to 1. To record microseismicity, a good microseismic sensing system that can consistently record high fidelity, low noise data that maximises the located event population is required. To bring the sensors close to the reservoir to better record the low magnitude microseismic events, the sensors can be positioned in a well, and the viability of the microseismic sensing system can be modelled. When monitor wells are available for installing microseismic sensing systems, this is not an issue. The microseismic sensing system can either be cemented in place for abandoned wells or left in the well for short or long term monitoring and then retrieved. The limited availability of monitoring wells, especially in the oilfield environment, and particularly offshore, has meant that without an active monitoring well solution, microseismic monitoring is likely to remain a niche technology for reservoir management. A tubing deployed clamp, which is released downhole to clamp against the casing for the geophones to be decoupled from the flow Table 2. Overview of the technical specifications of sensors in the well Sensor VSP Crosswell seismicity Microseismicity 3C geophones (or accelerometers). Hydrophones 3C geophones (or accelerometers). 3C geophones (or accelerometers) 4C tetrahedral geophones (or accelerometer). Bandwidth Hz Hz 15 Hz (1 Hz) Hz Sampling rate 1-2 ms 0.25 ms 0.5 ms Acquisition technique Source synchronous. Source synchronous. Nonsynchronous, continuous gap free acquisition synchronous to GPS time. Acquisition time Days. Weeks. From days for hydraulic fracture monitoring to years for permanent reservoir monitoring. Data volume Low for VSP to very high for 3D VSPs. Large. Very large for raw data, low for detected microseismic events. noise, makes microseismic recording possible during well operation 5 (Figure 5). Furthermore, a new design array of geophones with a tetrahedral pattern of four sensors at a 109 angle provides both long term reliability, if one sensor fails, and improved signal fidelity 6. To calculate the location, source and magnitude of the recorded microseismic events, a velocity model is developed for both Vp and Vs using available velocity information from well logs, surface seismic data and other data sources. Microseismicity was recorded during a three step acid stimulation job using the clamping mechanism 7. A single well was used for monitoring during the acid stimulation, which at the reservoir depth of approximately ft was highly deviated. A two level, tubing deployed system clamping the sensors to the casing was used; the sensors recorded microseismicity during flow in the tubing. Good quality microseismic events were detected and localised, as shown in Figure 6. The development over time of the microseismic events associated with the well stimulation indicates a pathway for the acid fluids away from the reservoir section reducing the impact of the well stimulation. After two months the microseismic sensing system was successfully retrieved, and a new stimulation strategy is being considered. The microseismicity highlighted a previously unknown permeable zone, which has since been included in the fracture network model and static model. Joint data acquisition Operational efficiencies can be gained by utilising the wellbore deployed arrays for multiple means of data acquisition. Certain requirements of sensor position within the wellbore must be met for the various applications, and the seismic signal requirements should be considered. Table 2 shows the most widely used sensing elements and their basic specifications for the given acquisition application. Because of the recent broadening of the source frequency bandwidth for vibroseis, the measurement with accelerometer in the acceleration domain is beneficial in terms of amplitude and phase response at the low frequencies in comparison to the measurement in the velocity domain of standard geophones. The increased low frequency bandwidth does not require a higher sampling interval, but microseismicity and, in particular, crosswell seismicity will require a higher sampling frequency because of the nature of the signal source. Table 2 shows a comparison of the various data acquisition techniques, which can have multiple applications without requiring a lot of changes to the equipment. State of the art modern data acquisition systems provide reliable time stable signal sampling at REPRINTED FORM OILFIELD TECHNOLOGY
7 Figure 5. Tetrahedrally arranged sensors used for microseismic data acquisition on the left. The clamp before it is deployed on tubing with the geophone on the right. Figure 6. The final processed microseismic events located in relation to the well trajectory. Red dots were the first phase of the well stimulation; green dots, the second phase; and yellow dots, the third and final phase. the high sampling frequency rates required for all downhole seismic applications. Careful planning of the sensing system and the position inside the wellbore will allow the combination of the various source techniques. To combine the applications of well deployed seismic receiver arrays, modelling should be performed, taking into account the different applications with the different receiver and source point positions for both surface and crosswell source positions. Planning the combined applications in advance can lead to a potential well positioning and installation of downhole sensor networks that may even allow a combination with surface seismic acquisition. Minimal adaptations to the acquisition system will allow long term stable acquisition with the potential of a full field network described earlier. 3C and 4C acceleration or velocity domain sensors can easily be combined and do not cause any acquisition obstacles. Integrating data acquired with well deployed geophones Important reservoir information is derived from the individual technologies, but the various datasets can also reinforce each other through integration during both processing and advanced interpretation. The final reservoir model results become more accurate and reliable through cross technology verification. Crosswell seismic data have higher vertical resolution than VSP seismic data and even higher vertical resolution than surface seismic data. However, both crosswell seismic data and VSPs have limited lateral subsurface coverage. VSP seismic data only resolve in the proximity of the wellbore, whereas crosswell seismic data only resolve the subsurface in between well pairs some distance from the wellbore. The two measurements can therefore jointly illuminate a larger part of the subsurface, similar to a 2D surface seismic but with higher vertical resolution. A valid velocity model is required to accurately locate microseismic events 8. Velocity tomography from crosswell seismic data provides additional detailed velocity information in the interwell space, which is not available from other sources. The located microseismic events could indicate fracturing or activation of smaller faults, which may be visible only on high resolution crosswell seismic sections or VSP sections. Fluid front monitoring is important to optimise reservoir production and locate bypassed oil. Tomographic velocity changes from the crosswell seismic data can potentially be related to the induced microseismicity due to changes in pore pressure. If time lapse crosswell seismic data and VSP data are acquired, both direct and indirect monitoring of the fluid front is possible, and the results can be used to update the dynamic reservoir model. O T References 1. NUTT, L., and MENKITI, H. [2004]: Advancing the VSP envelope. Hart s E&P, April ORTIZ, J. [2007]: Information-driven life-cycle reservoir management. World Oil, October ZHANG, W., LI, G., AND CODY, J. [2002]: Understanding Reservoir Architectures at Christina Lake, Alberta, with Crosswell Seismic Imaging. CSEG Recorder, May WINBOW, G.A. [1991] Borehole stresses created by downhole seismic sources. Geophysics 56, FLOCH, G.L., JONES, R., and RINCK, U. [2008]: Microseismics moving into live wells. American Oil and Gas Reporter, December JONES, R., and ASANUM, H. [2004]: Optimal Four Geophone Configuration, Vector Fidelity, and Long-Term Monitoring. EAGE Amsterdam, May 2004, paper Z MAVER, K.G., BOIVINEAU, A.-B., RINCK, U., BARZAGHI, L., and FERULANO, F. [2009a]: Real time and continuous reservoir monitoring using microseismicity recorded in a live well. First Break, July MAXWELL, S., [2009]: Microseismic location uncertainty. CSEG Recorder, April REPRINTED FROM OILFIELD TECHNOLOGY
An Open Air Museum. Success breeds Success. Depth Imaging; Microseismics; Dip analysis. The King of Giant Fields WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND:
VOL. 7, NO. 4 2010 GEOSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED GEO EXPRO VOL. 7, NO. 4 2010 Success breeds Success geoexpro.com Country Profile: Senegal Ocean Bottom Node Seismic WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND: An Open Air
More informationMicroseismicity applications in hydraulic fracturing monitoring
Available online atwww.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Archives of Applied Science Research, 2016, 8 (4):13-19 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-508X CODEN (USA) AASRC9 Microseismicity
More informationFr Reservoir Monitoring in Oil Sands Using a Permanent Cross-well System: Status and Results after 18 Months of Production
Fr-01-03 Reservoir Monitoring in Oil Sands Using a Permanent Cross-well System: Status and Results after 18 Months of Production R. Tondel* (Statoil ASA), S. Dümmong (Statoil ASA), H. Schütt (Statoil ASA),
More informationImaging complex structure with crosswell seismic in Jianghan oil field
INTERPRETER S CORNER Coordinated by Rebecca B. Latimer Imaging complex structure with crosswell seismic in Jianghan oil field QICHENG DONG and BRUCE MARION, Z-Seis, Houston, Texas, U.S. JEFF MEYER, Fusion
More informationBorehole Seismic Monitoring of Injected CO 2 at the Frio Site
Borehole Seismic Monitoring of Injected CO 2 at the Frio Site * Daley, T M (tmdaley@lbl.gov), Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 Myer, L (lrmyer@lbl.gov), Lawrence Berkeley
More informationSeismic Guided Drilling: Near Real Time 3D Updating of Subsurface Images and Pore Pressure Model
IPTC 16575 Seismic Guided Drilling: Near Real Time 3D Updating of Subsurface Images and Pore Pressure Model Chuck Peng, John Dai and Sherman Yang, Schlumberger WesternGeco Copyright 2013, International
More informationJ.V. Herwanger* (Ikon Science), A. Bottrill (Ikon Science) & P. Popov (Ikon Science)
29829. One 4D geomechanical model and its many applications J.V. Herwanger* (Ikon Science), A. Bottrill (Ikon Science) & P. Popov (Ikon Science) Main objectives (i) Field case study demonstrating application
More informationMicroseismic Reservoir Monitoring
Microseismic Reservoir Monitoring Ann-Sophie Boivineau Geosciences Domain Leader, SIS Paris 1 aboivineau@slb.com Presentation Outline What are microseismic events? Applications of microseismic monitoring
More informationMeasurement, Monitoring and Verification (MMV)
Measurement, Monitoring and Verification (MMV) Larry Myer USCSC CCS Capacity Building Workshop Charleston, West Virginia October 25, 2011 Outline Why monitor? Information needs Monitoring methods Baselines
More informationX040 Buried Sources and Receivers in a Karsted Desert Environment
X040 Buried Sources and Receivers in a Karsted Desert Environment C. Berron* (CGGVeritas Services S.A.), E. Forgues (CGGVeritas Services S. A.), M. Jervis (Saudi Aramco), A. Bakulin (Saudi Aramco) & R.
More informationInterpretation of baseline surface seismic data at the Violet Grove CO 2 injection site, Alberta
Violet Grove seismic interpretation Interpretation of baseline surface seismic data at the Violet Grove CO 2 injection site, Alberta Fuju Chen and Don Lawton ABSTRACT Time-lapse seismic technology has
More informationSeismic methods in heavy-oil reservoir monitoring
Seismic methods in heavy-oil reservoir monitoring Duojun A. Zhang and Laurence R. Lines ABSTRACT Laboratory tests show that a significant decrease in acoustic velocity occurs as the result of heating rock
More informationNOTICE CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS
NOTICE CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS This document may contain copyrighted materials. These materials have been made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, but may not be used
More informationSeismic applications in coalbed methane exploration and development
Seismic applications in coalbed methane exploration and development Sarah E. Richardson*, Dr. Don C. Lawton and Dr. Gary F. Margrave Department of Geology and Geophysics and CREWES, University of Calgary
More informationStorage: Deep Monitoring and Verification
Storage: Deep Monitoring and Verification IEA GHG Summer School, Austin, TX David White 7 th to 11 th July, 2014 www.slb.com/carbonservices CS1406-063-DW Why Monitor? Manage Risk Risk = (Impact of Undesirable
More informationObservation of shear-wave splitting from microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing: A non-vti story
Observation of shear-wave splitting from microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing: A non-vti story Petr Kolinsky 1, Leo Eisner 1, Vladimir Grechka 2, Dana Jurick 3, Peter Duncan 1 Summary Shear
More informationAmplitude variation with offset AVO. and. Direct Hydrocarbon Indicators DHI. Reflection at vertical incidence. Reflection at oblique incidence
Amplitude variation with offset AVO and Direct Hydrocarbon Indicators DHI Reflection at vertical incidence Reflection coefficient R(p) c α 1 S wavespeed β 1 density ρ 1 α 2 S wavespeed β 2 density ρ 2
More informationPassive seismic monitoring in unconventional oil and gas
Passive seismic monitoring in unconventional oil and gas Michael Kendall, James Verdon, Alan Baird, Anna Stork and Philip Usher Bristol University Microseismicity Projects (BUMPS) Microseismicity and
More informationAcquisition and preliminary analysis of the Castle Mountain shallow VSP dataset
Castle Mountain shallow VSP Acquisition and preliminary analysis of the Castle Mountain shallow VSP dataset Joe Wong, Henry C. Bland, Kevin W. Hall and Robert R. Stewart ABSTRACT As part of the 2006 geophysics
More informationNew Frontier Advanced Multiclient Data Offshore Uruguay. Advanced data interpretation to empower your decision making in the upcoming bid round
New Frontier Advanced Multiclient Data Offshore Uruguay Advanced data interpretation to empower your decision making in the upcoming bid round Multiclient data interpretation provides key deliverables
More informationQUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION
QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION THE AIM OF QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION (QI) IS, THROUGH THE USE OF AMPLITUDE ANALYSIS, TO PREDICT LITHOLOGY AND FLUID CONTENT AWAY FROM THE WELL BORE This process should make
More informationMicroseismic data illuminate fractures in the Montney
Spectraseis White Paper August 16, 2012 2013 Spectraseis Microseismic data illuminate fractures in the Montney Brad Birkelo and Konrad Cieslik, Spectraseis High-quality data reveal fracture orientation
More informationIntroduction to Formation Evaluation Abiodun Matthew Amao
Introduction to Formation Evaluation By Abiodun Matthew Amao Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Logging PGE 492 1 Lecture Outline What is formation evaluation? Why do we evaluate formation? What do we evaluate?
More informationIdentified a possible new offset location where the customer is currently exploring drill options.
GroundMetrics was hired to conduct a Full-Field Resistivity Survey for an oil and gas producer that needed to make crucial decisions to drive profitability at the location. The results saved them hundreds
More informationBaseline VSP processing for the Violet Grove CO 2 Injection Site
Baseline VSP processing for Violet Grove Baseline VSP processing for the Violet Grove CO 2 Injection Site Marcia L. Couëslan, Don C. Lawton, and Michael Jones * ABSTRACT Injection of CO 2 for enhanced
More informationRecommendations for Injection and Storage Monitoring
Energy and Environmental Systems Group Institute for Sustainable Energy, Environment and Economy (ISEEE) Recommendations for Injection and Storage Monitoring WABAMUN AREA CO 2 SEQUESTRATION PROJECT (WASP)
More informationDetailed CO2 Injection and Sequestration Monitoring Through Crosswell Imaging. Mark McCallum Z-Seis Corporation
Detailed CO2 Injection and Sequestration Monitoring Through Crosswell Imaging Mark McCallum Z-Seis Corporation Who We Are TomoSeis: 1992 1999 Innovators in Practical, Low-Cost Crosswell TomoSeis Division
More information23855 Rock Physics Constraints on Seismic Inversion
23855 Rock Physics Constraints on Seismic Inversion M. Sams* (Ikon Science Ltd) & D. Saussus (Ikon Science) SUMMARY Seismic data are bandlimited, offset limited and noisy. Consequently interpretation of
More informationWalkaway Seismic Experiments: Stewart Gulch, Boise, Idaho
Walkaway Seismic Experiments: Stewart Gulch, Boise, Idaho Lee M. Liberty Center for Geophysical Investigation of the Shallow Subsurface Boise State University Boise, Idaho 1. Summary CGISS conducted walkaway
More informationDelineating a sandstone reservoir at Pikes Peak, Saskatchewan using 3C seismic data and well logs
Delineating a sandston reservoir at Pikes Peak Delineating a sandstone reservoir at Pikes Peak, Saskatchewan using 3C seismic data and well logs Natalia L. Soubotcheva and Robert R. Stewart ABSTRACT To
More informationUse of S-wave attenuation from perforation shots to map the growth of the stimulated reservoir volume in the Marcellus gas shale
Use of S-wave attenuation from perforation shots to map the growth of the stimulated reservoir volume in the Marcellus gas shale Yunhui Tan 1, Chengping Chai 1, and Terry Engelder 1 Downloaded 10/07/14
More informationAbstracts ESG Solutions
Abstracts ESG Solutions 2015-2016 For more information, please contact Melissa Hoy, Technical Marketing Coordinator at melissa.hoy@esgsolutions.com Visit us online at www.esgsolutions.com Abstract #1 Fracture
More informationChecking up on the neighbors: Quantifying uncertainty in relative event location
Checking up on the neighbors: Quantifying uncertainty in relative event location The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation
More informationPETROLEUM GEOSCIENCES GEOLOGY OR GEOPHYSICS MAJOR
PETROLEUM GEOSCIENCES GEOLOGY OR GEOPHYSICS MAJOR APPLIED GRADUATE STUDIES Geology Geophysics GEO1 Introduction to the petroleum geosciences GEO2 Seismic methods GEO3 Multi-scale geological analysis GEO4
More informationP Edward Knight 1, James Raffle 2, Sian Davies 2, Henna Selby 2, Emma Evans 2, Mark Johnson 1. Abstract
P1-3-10 De-risking Drill Decisions. A case study on the benefit of re-processing conventionally acquired seismic data with the latest broadband processing technology Edward Knight 1, James Raffle 2, Sian
More informationQuantitative Interpretation
Quantitative Interpretation The aim of quantitative interpretation (QI) is, through the use of amplitude analysis, to predict lithology and fluid content away from the well bore. This process should make
More informationAnalysis of multicomponent walkaway vertical seismic profile data
Analysis of multicomponent walkaway vertical seismic profile data Bona Wu, Don C. Lawton, and Kevin W. Hall ABSTRACT A multicomponent walkaway VSP data processed for PP and PS imaging as well to study
More informationThe SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe
Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe The Society is grateful to those companies that allow their professionals to serve as
More informationFocal Mechanism Analysis of a Multi-lateral Completion in the Horn River Basin
Focal Mechanism Analysis of a Multi-lateral Completion in the Horn River Basin Paige Snelling*, Cameron Wilson, MicroSeismic Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada psnelling@microseismic.com Neil Taylor, Michael de
More informationChałupki Dębniańskie Field: Improving Drilling Success in Shallow Gas Reservoirs with VectorSeis
1 Chałupki Dębniańskie Field: Improving Drilling Success in Shallow Gas Reservoirs with VectorSeis ABSTRACT Summary E. Gruszczyk, Z. Trzesniowski and P. Misiaczek Geofizyka Krakow, Sp.z o.o., Krakow, Poland
More informationregion includes nine states and four provinces, covering over 1.4 million square miles. The PCOR Partnership
Overview of Phase II PCOR Partnership MVA Activities IEAGHG Monitoring Network Meeting Natchez, MS May 6-8, 2010 Steven A. Smith, Energy & Environmental Research Center The Plains CO 2 Reduction (PCOR)
More information3D land seismic with low environmental impact: a case study from the Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda
P1-2-12 3D land seismic with low environmental impact: a case study from the Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Keith Mills 1, Abderrahim Lafram 2, Michael Igoe 3, Sharon Cooper 1, Louise Moorhead 1,
More informationUse of Seismic and EM Data for Exploration, Appraisal and Reservoir Characterization
Use of Seismic and EM Data for Exploration, Appraisal and Reservoir Characterization Anton Ziolkowski and Folke Engelmark Petroleum Geo-Services CSEG, Calgary, 6 May 2009 Outline Exploration, appraisal,
More informationIntegrating rock physics and full elastic modeling for reservoir characterization Mosab Nasser and John B. Sinton*, Maersk Oil Houston Inc.
Integrating rock physics and full elastic modeling for reservoir characterization Mosab Nasser and John B. Sinton*, Maersk Oil Houston Inc. Summary Rock physics establishes the link between reservoir properties,
More informationDevelopments on Microseismic Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Large-scale CO 2 Storage
Developments on Microseismic Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Large-scale CO 2 Storage Bettina Goertz-Allmann NORSAR CCS Technical Workshop, RITE, Tokyo, January 16, 2019 Outline Introduction: Induced
More informationUsing multicomponent seismic for reservoir characterization in Venezuela
Using multicomponent seismic for reservoir characterization in Venezuela REINALDO J. MICHELENA, MARÍA S. DONATI, ALEJANDRO A. VALENCIANO, and CLAUDIO D AGOSTO, Petróleos de Venezuela (Pdvsa) Intevep, Caracas,
More informationBandlimited impedance inversion: using well logs to fill low frequency information in a non-homogenous model
Bandlimited impedance inversion: using well logs to fill low frequency information in a non-homogenous model Heather J.E. Lloyd and Gary F. Margrave ABSTRACT An acoustic bandlimited impedance inversion
More informationWe LHR3 06 Detecting Production Effects and By-passed Pay from 3D Seismic Data Using a Facies Based Bayesian Seismic Inversion
We LHR3 06 Detecting Production Effects and By-passed Pay from 3D Seismic Data Using a Facies Based Bayesian Seismic Inversion K.D. Waters* (Ikon Science Ltd), A.V. Somoza (Ikon Science Ltd), G. Byerley
More informationSatish Singh* (IPG Paris, France, Tim Sears (British Gas, UK), Mark Roberts (IPG Paris, Summary. Introduction P - 92
P - 92 Fine-Scale P- and S-Wave Velocities From Elastic Full Waveform Inversion of Multi-Component and Time-Lapse Data: Future of Quantitative Seismic Imaging Satish Singh* (IPG Paris, France, singh@ipgp.jussieu.fr),
More informationMicroseismic Monitoring of a Multi-Stage Frac In the Bakken Formation, SE Saskatchewan
Microseismic Monitoring of a Multi-Stage Frac In the Bakken Formation, SE Saskatchewan Summary Rob Kendall* Petrobank Energy and Resources Ltd., Calgary. Alberta kendall@petrobank.com Downhole microseismic
More informationDownloaded 09/09/15 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Reservoir properties estimation from marine broadband seismic without a-priori well information: A powerful de-risking workflow Cyrille Reiser*, Matt Whaley and Tim Bird, PGS Reservoir Limited Summary
More information3D Converted Wave Data Processing A case history
P-290 3D Converted Wave Data Processing A case history N. B. R. Prasad, ONGC Summary In recent years, there has been a growing interest in shear- wave exploration for hydrocarbons as it facilitates to
More informationAn Overview of the Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Technique
An Overview of the Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Technique Philip J. Brown II GPGN 432 Term Project April 1999 Abstract... 3 Introduction... 4 Method... 6 Check Shots... 6 Zero-Offset and Offset VSP...
More informationDownloaded 10/02/18 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Multi-scenario, multi-realization seismic inversion for probabilistic seismic reservoir characterization Kester Waters* and Michael Kemper, Ikon Science Ltd. Summary We propose a two tiered inversion strategy
More informationMicroseismic Monitoring Shale Gas Plays: Advances in the Understanding of Hydraulic Fracturing 20 MAR 16 HANNAH CHITTENDEN
Microseismic Monitoring Shale Gas Plays: Advances in the Understanding of Hydraulic Fracturing 20 MAR 16 HANNAH CHITTENDEN Introduction Early days: Microseismic monitoring has been around since the early
More informationPetrophysical Data Acquisition Basics. Coring Operations Basics
Petrophysical Data Acquisition Basics Coring Operations Basics Learning Objectives By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Understand why cores are justified and who needs core data Identify which
More informationOTC OTC PP. Abstract
OTC OTC-19977-PP Using Modern Geophysical Technology to Explore for Bypassed Opportunities in the Gulf of Mexico R.A. Young/eSeis; W.G. Holt, G. Klefstad/ Fairways Offshore Exploration Copyright 2009,
More informationPassive seismic monitoring at a CO2 injection site, Violet Grove, Alberta, Canada
Passive seismic monitoring at a CO2 injection site, Violet Grove, Alberta, Canada Henry C. Bland, Don Lawton, Rick Chalaturnyk, and Hal Soderberg Introduction Microseismicity has been observed as a result
More informationShaly Sand Rock Physics Analysis and Seismic Inversion Implication
Shaly Sand Rock Physics Analysis and Seismic Inversion Implication Adi Widyantoro (IkonScience), Matthew Saul (IkonScience/UWA) Rock physics analysis of reservoir elastic properties often assumes homogeneity
More informationHeterogeneity Type Porosity. Connected Conductive Spot. Fracture Connected. Conductive Spot. Isolated Conductive Spot. Matrix.
Porosity Histogram Porosity Contribution 1.3.3.3 Connected 9.8 ohm.m U R D 9 18 7. 5.25 4.38 3.5 2.63 1.75 48 Heterogeneity Distribution Image Orientation, L U 27 36.4.3 X,X72.5 Depth, ft.3 1 Isolated.3
More informationINTERPRETATION Petroleum Geoengineer MSc
In-field seismic techniques and interpretati In-field seismic techniques and interpretation on Infield seismic techniques and interpret In-field seismic techniques and interpretation ationexploration SEISMIC
More informationSeisLink Velocity. Key Technologies. Time-to-Depth Conversion
Velocity Calibrated Seismic Imaging and Interpretation Accurate Solution for Prospect Depth, Size & Geometry Accurate Time-to-Depth Conversion was founded to provide geologically feasible solutions for
More informationBest practices predicting unconventional reservoir quality
Introduction Best practices predicting unconventional reservoir quality Cristian Malaver, Michel Kemper, and Jorg Herwanger 1 Unconventional reservoirs have proven challenging for quantitative interpretation
More informationInterpretation and Reservoir Properties Estimation Using Dual-Sensor Streamer Seismic Without the Use of Well
Interpretation and Reservoir Properties Estimation Using Dual-Sensor Streamer Seismic Without the Use of Well C. Reiser (Petroleum Geo-Services), T. Bird* (Petroleum Geo-Services) & M. Whaley (Petroleum
More informationMeasurement, Monitoring & Verification. Dr. Lee H. Spangler, Director Zero Emission Research and Technology Center
Measurement, Monitoring & Verification Dr. Lee H. Spangler, Director Zero Emission Research and Technology Center The Need for MMV Demonstration / Research Stage Health, Safety and Environmental concerns
More informationAbstract. 1. Introduction. Geophysics Engineer-Schlumberger 2. M.Sc. Petroleum-PEMEX 3,4 Geologists-PEMEX
IBP3018 MINIMIZING DRILLING RISKS FOR EXPLORATION WELL IN DEEP WATER USING SEISMIC WHILE DRILLING TECHNOLOGY Sanchez Adrian 1, Mora Alfonso 2 Aguilera Leonardo 3, Gaitan Rito 4 Copyright 2010, Brazilian
More informationHampsonRussell. A comprehensive suite of reservoir characterization tools. cgg.com/geosoftware
HampsonRussell A comprehensive suite of reservoir characterization tools cgg.com/geosoftware HampsonRussell Software World-class geophysical interpretation HampsonRussell Software is a comprehensive suite
More informationAdding Value with Broadband Seismic and Inversion in the Central North Sea Seagull Area
H2-2-1 Adding Value with Broadband Seismic and Inversion in the Central North Sea Seagull Area Marnix Vermaas, Andy Lind Apache North Sea, Aberdeen, UK Introduction The merits of modern broadband seismic
More informationDownloaded 09/16/16 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Ehsan Zabihi Naeini*, Ikon Science & Russell Exley, Summit Exploration & Production Ltd Summary Quantitative interpretation (QI) is an important part of successful Central North Sea exploration, appraisal
More informationStatic Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys
Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys MIKE COX Volume Editors: Series Editor: Eugene F. Scherrer Roland Chen Eugene F. Scherrer Society of Exploration Geophysicists Tulsa, Oklahoma Contents
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION FOR HYDROCARBON
FUNDAMENTALS OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION FOR HYDROCARBON Instructor : Kumar Ramachandran 10 14 July 2017 Jakarta The course is aimed at teaching the physical concepts involved in the application of seismic
More informationCross-well seismic modelling for coal seam delineation
P-134 Sanjeev Rajput, CSIRO, P. Prasada Rao*, N. K. Thakur, NGRI Summary Finite-difference analyses is attempted to simulate a multi layered complex coal seam model in order to differentiate top and bottom
More informationCorporate Houston, TX... (713)
Allied Wireline Services and Horizontal Wireline Services are proud to announce that we are now one company, dedicated to providing you the highest value wireline services and built on the commitment to
More informationHeriot-Watt University
Heriot-Watt University Heriot-Watt University Research Gateway 4D seismic feasibility study for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) with CO2 injection in a mature North Sea field Amini, Hamed; Alvarez, Erick Raciel;
More informationFloatSeis Technologies for Ultra-Deep Imaging Seismic Surveys
FloatSeis Technologies for Ultra-Deep Imaging Seismic Surveys 25 th January, 2018 Aleksandr Nikitin a.nikitin@gwl-geo.com Geology Without Limits Overview 2011-2016 GWL Acquired over 43000 km 2D seismic
More informationExploration, Drilling & Production
Nontechnical Guide to PETMOLEUM Geology, Exploration, Drilling & Production Third Edition Norman J. Hyne, Ph.D. Contents Preface *i Introduction 1 The Nature of Gas and Oil 1 Petroleum 1 The Chemistry
More informationSummary. Introduction
1540160 Using Microseismicity to Understand Subsurface Fracture Systems and Increase the Effectiveness of Completions: Eagle Ford Shale, TX John P. Detring 1 and Sherilyn Williams-Stroud 2 1. Analysis,
More informationSeismoelectric Ground-flow DC-4500 Locator
Seismoelectric Ground-flow DC-4500 Locator Introduction The seismoelectric survey is a new technology combined the electro kinetic potential method and geophysical technology. It is applied directly to
More informationERTH2020 Introduction to Geophysics The Seismic Method. 1. Basic Concepts in Seismology. 1.1 Seismic Wave Types
ERTH2020 Introduction to Geophysics The Seismic Method 1. Basic Concepts in Seismology 1.1 Seismic Wave Types Existence of different wave types The existence of different seismic wave types can be understood
More informationThis paper was prepared for presentation at the Unconventional Resources Technology Conference held in Denver, Colorado, USA, August 2014.
URTeC 1922263 Utilizing Ant-tracking to Identify Slowly Slipping Faults in the Barnett Shale Noha Sameh Farghal* and Mark D. Zoback, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Copyright 2014, Unconventional
More informationURTeC: Abstract
URTeC: 2902950 Can Seismic Inversion Be Used for Geomechanics? A Casing Deformation Example Jeremy J. Meyer 1*, Jeremy Gallop 1, Alvin Chen 1, Scott Reynolds 1, Scott Mildren 1 ; 1. Ikon Science Copyright
More informationPART I Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy: History and Potential of the Newest and Largest Renewable Energy Resource
Contents PART I Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy: History and Potential of the Newest and Largest Renewable Energy Resource Chapter 1 Serendipity A Brief History of Events Leading to the Hot Dry Rock Geothermal
More informationRock Physics and Quantitative Wavelet Estimation. for Seismic Interpretation: Tertiary North Sea. R.W.Simm 1, S.Xu 2 and R.E.
Rock Physics and Quantitative Wavelet Estimation for Seismic Interpretation: Tertiary North Sea R.W.Simm 1, S.Xu 2 and R.E.White 2 1. Enterprise Oil plc, Grand Buildings, Trafalgar Square, London WC2N
More informationDownloaded 09/16/16 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Data Using a Facies Based Bayesian Seismic Inversion, Forties Field, UKCS Kester Waters* (Ikon Science Ltd), Ana Somoza (Ikon Science Ltd), Grant Byerley (Apache Corp), Phil Rose (Apache UK) Summary The
More informationComparative Study of AVO attributes for Reservoir Facies Discrimination and Porosity Prediction
5th Conference & Exposition on Petroleum Geophysics, Hyderabad-004, India PP 498-50 Comparative Study of AVO attributes for Reservoir Facies Discrimination and Porosity Prediction Y. Hanumantha Rao & A.K.
More informationGeophysical Site Investigation (Seismic methods) Amit Prashant Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
Geophysical Site Investigation (Seismic methods) Amit Prashant Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Short Course on Geotechnical Aspects of Earthquake Engineering 04 08 March, 2013 Seismic Waves
More informationMicroScope. Resistivity- and imagingwhile-drilling
MicroScope Resistivity- and imagingwhile-drilling service MicroScope Magnify your reservoir Multidepth laterolog resistivity Multidepth borehole images Mud resistivity Azimuthal gamma ray Bit resistivity
More informationPetrophysical Data and Open Hole Logging Operations Basics COPYRIGHT. Introduction to Petrophysical Data and Open Hole Logging Operations Basics
Learning Objectives Petrophysical Data and Open Hole Logging Operations Basics Introduction to Petrophysical Data and Open Hole Logging Operations Basics By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
More informationMicroseismic Aids In Fracturing Shale By Adam Baig, Sheri Bowman and Katie Jeziorski
AUGUST 2014 The Better Business Publication Serving the Exploration / Drilling / Production Industry Microseismic Aids In Fracturing Shale By Adam Baig, Sheri Bowman and Katie Jeziorski KINGSTON, ONTARIO
More informationInformation From Walk-Away VSP and Cross-Hole DataUsing Various Wave Modes: Tower Colliery, South Sydney Basin
Seismic Methods in Mineral Exploration Paper 58 Explor97 Master Page Explor97 Contents Previous Paper G O T O Author Index Section Contents Next Paper Information From Walk-Away VSP and Cross-Hole DataUsing
More informationLog Ties Seismic to Ground Truth
26 GEOPHYSICALCORNER Log Ties Seismic to Ground Truth The Geophysical Corner is a regular column in the EXPLORER, edited by R. Randy Ray. This month s column is the first of a two-part series titled Seismic
More informationUpstream e-learning Pathways
Upstream e-learning Pathways A LEARNING PROGRAM FOR UPSTREAM TECHNICAL PROFESSIONALS IHRDC's Upstream e-learning Pathways are specifically designed to build competencies among Upstream petrotechnical specialists
More informationVSP AND WELL LOGS FROM A SHALLOW TEST WELL. Abstract. Introduction
VSP AND WELL LOGS FROM A SHALLOW TEST WELL Joe Wong, Soo K. Miong, Laurence R. Bentley, and Robert R. Stewart Geoscience Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Abstract Shallow VSP and geophysical
More informationSEISMIC SURVEY METHODS
SEISMIC SURVEY METHODS Seismic methods Seismic surveys are used in geology and geotechnical engineering to: a) define the depth of the bedrock; b) investigate the landslide areas, c) check the structural
More informationDeep-Water Reservoir Potential in Frontier Basins Offshore Namibia Using Broadband 3D Seismic
Deep-Water Reservoir Potential in Frontier Basins Offshore Namibia Using Broadband 3D Seismic E. Polyaeva* (Petroleum Geo-Services), I. Thomas (Chariot Oil and Gas), C. Reiser (Petroleum Geo-Services),
More informationShallow P and S velocity structure, Red Deer, Alberta
Shallow P and S velocity structure, Red Deer, Alberta P & S velocity structure Don C. Lawton, Meredith A. McArthur, Rachel T. Newrick and Sarah E. Trend ABSTRACT A multioffset vertical seismic profile
More informationLow-frequency tremor signals from a hydraulic fracture treatment in northeast British Columbia, Canada
Low-frequency tremor signals from a hydraulic fracture treatment in northeast British Columbia, Canada David W. Eaton*, Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada eatond@ucalgary.ca
More informationExtending the magnitude range of seismic reservoir monitoring by Utilizing Hybrid Surface Downhole Seismic Networks
Extending the magnitude range of seismic reservoir monitoring by Utilizing Hybrid Surface Downhole Seismic Networks Gisela Viegas*, ESG, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Gisela.Fernandes@esgsolutions.com and
More informationSummary. Introduction
: Red Lodge, Montana Jingqiu Huang*, University of Houston, and Joe Wong, University of Calgary. Summary We report on a suite of geophysical surveys conducted on glacial sediments near Red Lodge, Montana.
More informationURTeC: Summary
URTeC: 2665754 Using Seismic Inversion to Predict Geomechanical Well Behavior: a Case Study From the Permian Basin Simon S. Payne*, Ikon Science; Jeremy Meyer*, Ikon Science Copyright 2017, Unconventional
More information