GY 112L: Earth History Lab
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1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA GY 112L: Earth History Lab Week 11 Paleozoic Part 2 Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick
2 Today s Agenda The Paleozoic Part 2 (Lab 8 exercises) 1) Sponges & Stromatoporoids 2) Stromatolites 3) Corals 4) Bryozoans 5) Stratigraphy
3 Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera
4 Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent
5 Sponges excurrent pore incurrent pore Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder excurrent pore
6 Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges)
7 Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges) Fossil Pres.: mineral replacement or pristine
8 Stromatoporoids Now known to be a type of sponge. They were important paleozoic reef builders
9 Stromatoporoids Stromatoporoid Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Ordovician-Mississippian Cretaceous? Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
10 Stromatolites The first visible fossils
11 Stromatolites Stromatolite Facts: Kingdom: Cyanobacteria Range: Archean-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, colonial, photosynthesis Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
12 Corals One of the most important animals as far as geology is concerned. They evolved early and showed amazing diversity
13 Corals Phylum: Cnidaria Coral Facts:
14 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa
15 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia
16 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T)
17 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T)
18 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)
19 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)
20 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite
21 Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine, molds/chalky/replaced
22 Bryozoans (Moss Animals) Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)
23 Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent
24 Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial
25 Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite
26 Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine
27 Bryozoan Forms Digitate Lacy
28 Bryozoan Anatomy The living chambers are called zooecia The animals are called zooids
29 Stratigraphy and Rock Suites Collections of rocks from a specific region that cover a specific time frame 1) Niagara Falls (limestone and dolostone)
30 Stratigraphy and Rock Suites Why a waterfall and not a set of rapids? Consider the stratigraphy. 1) Niagara Falls
31 Rate of retreat Stratigraphy and Rock Suites
32 Lab Time
33 GY 112L: Earth History Lab 8: Paleozoic Rocks and Fossils 2 Instructor: Dr. Doug Haywick dhaywick@southalabama.edu This is a free open access lecture, but not for commercial purposes. For personal use only.
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