MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question."

Transcription

1 GLS Quiz#7 chapters 5 and 6 Fall 2009 Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Clay minerals formed from gabbro or diorite bedrock illustrate which kind of weathering? 1) A) mechanical B) proactive C) chemical D) syntropical 2) Frost wedging is the major weathering process contributing to the formation of which regolith material? A) mature pedalfers B) tropical laterites C) talus slopes D) C soil horizons 2) 3) What portion of an angular, fracture-bounded granitic block shows the highest rate of weathering? 3) A) the edges and corners B) the unfractured interior C) the crack surfaces not including edges and corners D) all of the above show equal rates 4) Which term best describes those processes that move weathered rock materials and soils downslope? A) podzolization B) talus transfer C) mass wasting D) slope sheeting 4) 5) Which one of the following statements concerning mechanical weathering is not true? 5) A) allows for faster rates of chemical weathering B) involves a major change in the mineral composition of the weathered material C) reduces grain sizes of rock particles D) is important in the formation of talus slopes 6) Which one of the following statements best describes erosion? 6) A) disintegration and decomposition of rocks and minerals at the surface B) the combined processes of leaching, eluviation, and mass wasting C) the process by which weathered rock and mineral particles are removed from one area and transported elsewhere D) movement of weathered rock and regolith toward the base of a slope 7) Clay minerals, silica (SiO2), and dissolved potassium bicarbonate in the soil water are products of which process? A) chemical weathering of orthoclase feldspar B) mechanical weathering of granite and rhyolite C) differential mechanical weathering of micas D) chemical weathering of olivine and plagioclase feldspar 7) 8) What two factors speed up rates of chemical reaction and weathering in rocks and soils? 8) A) warm temperatures; very moist B) low temperatures; very dry C) high temperatures; very dry D) low temperatures; very moist 1

2 9) From the land surface downward to the unweathered bedrock, which of the following is the correct order of the different soil horizons? A) E, A, B, C, 0, bedrock B) 0, A, E, B, C, bedrock C) A, B, C, D, E, bedrock D) D, E, C, B, A, bedrock 10) Which one of the following is an important, mechanical weathering process for enlarging fractures and extending them deeper into large boulders and bedrock? A) hydrologic cycling B) oxidation C) frost wedging D) eluviation 9) 10) 11) What two, chemical constituents cannot form by chemical weathering of the feldspar minerals? 11) A) insoluble iron oxides and soluble magnesium bicarbonates B) silica and soluble calcium bicarbonate C) silica and insoluble clay minerals D) soluble sodium and potassium bicarbonates 12) Under similar warm, moist climatic conditions, why would basalt and gabbro generally have higher chemical weathering rates than rhyolite and granite? A) the quartz in the gabbro and basalt decomposes very quickly B) the ferromagnesian minerals in the gabbro and basalt are subject to oxidation and chemical breakdown C) the potassium feldspars and quartz in the rhyolite and granite are more susceptible to cracking by frost wedging D) the plagioclase feldspars in the granite and rhyolite decompose readily to clay minerals and iron oxides 12) 2

3 13) Carefully examine the illustration below and the features labeled A through D. Give a letter (A, B, C, or D) for each answer below. At which location would the thickest residual soil develop? (a) At which location would the greatest amount of frost wedging occur? (b) At which location would the thickest transported soil develop? (c) At which location would there be the most unconsolidated deposits? (d) 14) Fill in the blanks on the diagram below with the names of the soil "layers" that are labeled. 3

4 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 15) Zircon and tourmaline are dense, highly insoluble, chemically stable, minor minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks. In which sedimentary rock might you expect to find these minerals concentrated? A) limestone representing lithified coral-reef carbonates B) sandstone lithified from quartz-rich beach sand C) a thin, upper, mudstone portion of a thick graywacke bed with graded bedding D) evaporite deposits of gypsum and salt 15) 16) Which of the following is not a type of limestone? 16) A) travertine B) arkose C) chalk D) coquina 17) A cherty limestone would contain which major constituents? 17) A) clay minerals B) silica; iron oxide C) silica; calcite D) iron oxide, calcite 18) Nonclastic textures are common in which of the following sedimentary rocks? 18) A) boulder breccias B) cherty conglomerates C) sandstones D) limestones 19) Which of the following sedimentary features can each be used to determine paleocurrent directions? A) fossils and mud cracks B) mud cracks and ripple marks C) ripple marks and cross stratification D) grain size sorting and ripple marks 19) 20) What is probably the single most important, original, depositional feature in sedimentary rocks? 20) A) bedding or stratification B) degree of lithification C) sizes of the sand grains D) compaction of the mud and clay 21) Detrital sedimentary rocks are classified (named) based on the. 21) A) degree of compaction and lithification B) compositions of soluble minerals C) grain sizes of the detrital particles D) colors of the cementing minerals 22) is not a common cementing agent for sandstones. 22) A) Quartz B) Iron oxides C) Fluorite D) Calcite 23) Which statement concerning sedimentary rocks is not true? 23) A) they are composed of particles and constituents derived from weathering and erosion of other rocks B) they probably show some evidence of stratification C) they were originally deposited at depth below the bottom of the sea D) they may contain fossils that provide clues about ancient life forms 24) Which of the following describes the correct order for relative solubility of minerals in sedimentary rocks? A) evaporate minerals are more soluble than calcite and quartz B) evaporate minerals are more soluble than quartz and less soluble than calcite C) evaporate minerals are less soluble than quartz and calcite D) evaporate minerals, quartz, and calcite all have the same relative solubility 24) 4

5 25) What is the main difference between a conglomerate and a sedimentary breccia? 25) A) breccia clasts are the size of baseballs; conglomerate clasts are larger B) a breccia is well stratified; a conglomerate is poorly stratified C) breccia has a compacted, clay-rich matrix; conglomerate has no matrix D) breccia clasts are angular; conglomerate clasts are rounded 26) Carefully observe each of the photographs below of sedimentary rocks. To the right of each sample, name the rock and describe its origin (how it formed). (a) (b) (c) 5

Sedimentary Rocks. Weathering. Mechanical & Chemical Weathering. Sediments. Lithification. Deposition. Transport. Erosion.

Sedimentary Rocks. Weathering. Mechanical & Chemical Weathering. Sediments. Lithification. Deposition. Transport. Erosion. Lithification Sedimentary Rocks Sediments Deposition Transport Erosion Weathering Weathering The sediments that make up sedimentary rocks are produced by: Mechanical & Chemical Weathering Mechanical Weathering

More information

Sediment. Weathering: mechanical and chemical decomposition and disintegration of rock and minerals at the surface

Sediment. Weathering: mechanical and chemical decomposition and disintegration of rock and minerals at the surface Sediment Some basic terminology Weathering: mechanical and chemical decomposition and disintegration of rock and minerals at the surface Erosion: removal of weathered rock and minerals from one place to

More information

Sedimentary Environments Chapter 8

Sedimentary Environments Chapter 8 Sedimentary Environments Chapter 8 Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. What is a sedimentary rock? Sedimentary rocks are products of

More information

UNIT 4 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

UNIT 4 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS UNIT 4 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS WHAT ARE SEDIMENTS Sediments are loose Earth materials (unconsolidated materials) such as sand which are transported by the action of water, wind, glacial ice and gravity. These

More information

Earth Materials Unit: Sedimen ntary Rocks and Processes Maybe One Day Text: Chapters Five and Six Lab: Laboratorry Six Name

Earth Materials Unit: Sedimen ntary Rocks and Processes Maybe One Day Text: Chapters Five and Six Lab: Laboratorry Six Name Earth Materi ials Unit: Sedimentary Rocks and Proces sses Maybe One Day Text: Chapters Fivee and Six Lab: Laboratory Six Name Page 1 Sedimentary Rocks and Processes Purpose: To classify sedimentary rocks

More information

Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks (Shaping Earth s Surface, Part 2) Science 330 Summer 2005 What is a sedimentary rock? Products of mechanical and chemical weathering Account for about 5 percent of Earth

More information

EPS 50 Lab 4: Sedimentary Rocks

EPS 50 Lab 4: Sedimentary Rocks Name: EPS 50 Lab 4: Sedimentary Rocks Grotzinger and Jordan, Chapter 5 Introduction In this lab we will classify sedimentary rocks and investigate the relationship between environmental conditions and

More information

1/31/2013. Weathering Includes Physical, Chemical, Biological processes. Weathering Mechanisms. Wind abrasion forming Ventifacts

1/31/2013. Weathering Includes Physical, Chemical, Biological processes. Weathering Mechanisms. Wind abrasion forming Ventifacts Monument Valley, Utah. What weathering processes contributed to the development of these remarkable rock formations? Weathering Includes Physical, Chemical, Biological processes Weathering Mechanisms Physical

More information

Chapter 10. Chapter Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Rocks. Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Chapter 10. Chapter Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Rocks. Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle Chapter 10 Rocks 1 Chapter 10 Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle 2 10.1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle Magma is the parent material for all rocks. Once the magma cools and hardens, many changes can occur. Geology:

More information

THE ROCK CYCLE & ROCKS. Subtitle

THE ROCK CYCLE & ROCKS. Subtitle THE ROCK CYCLE & ROCKS Subtitle 3. Three rocks that do not have minerals or are composed of nonmineral matter. Coal Pumuce Obsidian THE ROCK CYCLE Why do scientists study rocks? Rocks contain clues about

More information

Weathering Cycle Teacher Notes

Weathering Cycle Teacher Notes The Weathering Cycle Stages of the Weathering Cycle: 1. Carbon Dioxide and Water In clouds, carbon dioxide reacts with water to form a weak acid. H 2 O + CO 2 --> H 2 CO 3 H 2 CO 3 H + + HCO 3-2. Acid

More information

Chapter 6. Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Chapter 6. Weathering, Erosion, and Soil Chapter 6 Weathering, Erosion, and Soil Introduction Rocks and minerals disintegrate and decompose by the processes of physical and chemical weathering. This breakdown occurs because the parent material

More information

A Sedimentary Rock is..

A Sedimentary Rock is.. Sedimentary Rocks A Sedimentary Rock is.. rock formed from the lithification or crystallization of: 1. Minerals in solution 2. Organic remains 3. Materials produced by living things (biochemical) 4. Clastic

More information

Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 8 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE

Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 8 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 8 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer Provide specific and detailed

More information

Sedimentology & Stratigraphy. Thanks to Rob Viens for slides

Sedimentology & Stratigraphy. Thanks to Rob Viens for slides Sedimentology & Stratigraphy Thanks to Rob Viens for slides Sedimentology The study of the processes that erode, transport and deposit sediments Sedimentary Petrology The study of the characteristics and

More information

Sediment and sedimentary rocks Sediment

Sediment and sedimentary rocks Sediment Sediment and sedimentary rocks Sediment From sediments to sedimentary rocks (transportation, deposition, preservation and lithification) Types of sedimentary rocks (clastic, chemical and organic) Sedimentary

More information

Name Class Date. In your textbook, read about the nature of igneous rocks. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the following statements.

Name Class Date. In your textbook, read about the nature of igneous rocks. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the following statements. CHAPTER 5 Igneous Rocks SECTION 5.1 What are igneous rocks? In your textbook, read about the nature of igneous rocks. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the following statements. basaltic

More information

A Sedimentary Rock is..

A Sedimentary Rock is.. Sedimentary Rocks A Sedimentary Rock is.. rock formed from the lithification or crystallization of: 1. Minerals in solution 2. Organic remains 3. Materials produced by living things (biochemical) 4. Clastic

More information

ROCK CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION

ROCK CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION Name: Miramar College Grade: GEOL 101 - Physical Geology Laboratory SEDIMENTARY ROCK CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION PRELAB SECTION To be completed before labs starts: I. Introduction & Purpose: The

More information

Engineering Geology ECIV 2204

Engineering Geology ECIV 2204 Engineering Geology ECIV 2204 Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2017-2016 Chapter (6) : Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 6: Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 6: Sedimentary Rocks Origin and nature of sedimentary rocks: Sedimentary

More information

Module 9 Sedimentary Rocks

Module 9 Sedimentary Rocks Module 9 Sedimentary Rocks SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Rocks formed from material derived from preexisting rocks by surfacial processes followed by diagenesis There are two main classes of sedimentary rocks Clastic

More information

Chapter 6 Pages of Earth s Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Chapter 6 Pages of Earth s Past: Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 6 Pages of Earth s Past: Sedimentary Rocks Introduction! Drilling into the bottom of the North Sea, we encounter: " Soft mud and loose sand, silt, pebbles, and shells. Then: " Similar materials

More information

ESC102. Sedimentary Rocks. Our keys to the past. Monday, February 11, 13

ESC102. Sedimentary Rocks. Our keys to the past. Monday, February 11, 13 ESC102 Sedimentary Rocks Our keys to the past Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are rocks that form through the accumulation of sediment and the process of lithification. Lithification occurs after deposition

More information

Sedimentary Rocks. All sedimentary rocks begin to form when existing rocks are broken down into sediments Sediments are mainly weathered debris

Sedimentary Rocks. All sedimentary rocks begin to form when existing rocks are broken down into sediments Sediments are mainly weathered debris Rocks! Objectives Describe the major processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock Distinguish between clastic sedimentary rocks and chemical sedimentary rocks Identify the features that are

More information

Essentials of Geology, 11e

Essentials of Geology, 11e Essentials of Geology, 11e and s Chapter 5 Instructor Jennifer Barson Spokane Falls Community College Geology 101 Stanley Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Jennifer Cole Northeastern University Earth

More information

GLG Chapter 7 Sedimentary Environments & Rocks

GLG Chapter 7 Sedimentary Environments & Rocks GLG 101 - Chapter 7 Sedimentary Environments & Rocks Name Note, Oct 11: I ll be writing this study sheet over the next few days. Each day I will add questions until the entire chapter is done, hopefully

More information

Bowen s Chemical Stability Series

Bowen s Chemical Stability Series Lab 5 - Identification of Sedimentary Rocks Page - Introduction Sedimentary rocks are the second great rock group. Although they make up only a small percentage of the rocks in the earth s crust (~5%)

More information

Chapter 6 9/25/2012. Weathering, Erosion and Soils. Introduction. How Are Earth Materials Altered? Introduction. How Are Earth Materials Altered?

Chapter 6 9/25/2012. Weathering, Erosion and Soils. Introduction. How Are Earth Materials Altered? Introduction. How Are Earth Materials Altered? Chapter 6 Introduction Rocks and minerals are disintegrated and decomposed by the processes of mechanical and chemical weathering. Weathering, Erosion and Soils This breakdown occurs because the parent

More information

Section I: Multiple Choice Select the best answer to each question. Mark your final answer on the answer sheet. (1 pt each)

Section I: Multiple Choice Select the best answer to each question. Mark your final answer on the answer sheet. (1 pt each) Sedimentary Rocks & Surface Processes Quest Name: Earth Science 2013 Block: Date: Section I: Multiple Choice Select the best answer to each question. Mark your final answer on the answer sheet. (1 pt each)

More information

Foundations of Earth Science, 7e (Lutgens) Chapter 2 Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth. 2.1 Multiple Choice

Foundations of Earth Science, 7e (Lutgens) Chapter 2 Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth. 2.1 Multiple Choice Foundations of Earth Science, 7e (Lutgens) Chapter 2 Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth 2.1 Multiple Choice 1) An igneous rock that shows a vesicular texture. A) contains many small holes, like Swiss

More information

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movements

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movements Tarbuck Lutgens Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movements 5.1 Weathering Mechanical Weathering Mechanical weathering occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller and smaller pieces without changing the

More information

Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20

Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20 Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20 Emily and Megan Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Elements of Earth by weight Made of atoms Earth

More information

Crust Elements. Elements of Earth. Minerals. Crystals. Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air

Crust Elements. Elements of Earth. Minerals. Crystals. Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Emily and Megan Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight Elements of Earth Made of atoms

More information

Mud Sand Gravel. Clastic Textures

Mud Sand Gravel. Clastic Textures Sed Rocks Self-Instruction Lab Name Geology 100 Harbor Section Please see the questions online before you begin. Sedimentary rocks are usually identified in the field by their stratification or layering,

More information

Mud Sand Gravel. Clastic Textures

Mud Sand Gravel. Clastic Textures Sed Rocks Self-Instruction Lab Name Geology 100 Harbor Section Read the sedimentary rocks chapter before you start. Sedimentary rocks are usually identified in the field by their stratification or layering,

More information

Lecture Outline Wednesday - Friday February 14-16, 2018

Lecture Outline Wednesday - Friday February 14-16, 2018 Lecture Outline Wednesday - Friday February 14-16, 2018 Quiz 2 scheduled for Friday Feb 23 (Interlude B, Chapters 6,7) Questions? Chapter 6 Pages of the Past: Sedimentary Rocks Key Points for today Be

More information

Name Class Date. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test. Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.

Name Class Date. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test. Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. Which of the following is true about rocks? a. Rocks are

More information

Sedimentary Rocks - are one of the three main rock types

Sedimentary Rocks - are one of the three main rock types Today s Objective: What Makes Sedimentary Rocks Special? Sedimentary Rocks - are one of the three main rock types A sedimentary rock can form one of three ways: 1. by the deposition of the weathered remains

More information

Clastic Textures. I. What is the sorting of sample numbers 60, 61, and 62? Answers on last page.

Clastic Textures. I. What is the sorting of sample numbers 60, 61, and 62? Answers on last page. Sed Rock s Sel f-instruction N ame Geology 100 Harbor Secti on Sedimentary rocks are usually identified in the field by their stratification or layering, which originates by the successive deposition of

More information

Mechanical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering Weathering is the disintegration and decomposition of material at or near the surface. Erosion is the incorporation and transportation of material by a mobile agent, usually water, wind, or ice. Geologists

More information

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Physical Geology GEOL 100. Ray Rector - Instructor

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Physical Geology GEOL 100. Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rocks Origin, Properties and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 100 Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rock Origin and Identification Lab Pre-Lab Internet Link Resources 1) http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/index.html

More information

What is a sedimentary rock?

What is a sedimentary rock? Sedimentary Rocks What is a sedimentary rock? Sedimentary rocks are products of mechanical and chemical weathering They account for only 5% of the top 10 miles of the outer crust, yet most of the earth

More information

Emily and Megan. Earth System Science. Elements of Earth by weight. Crust Elements, by weight. Minerals. Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight

Emily and Megan. Earth System Science. Elements of Earth by weight. Crust Elements, by weight. Minerals. Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight Emily and Megan Chapter 20 MINERALS AND ROCKS Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Elements of Earth by weight Made of atoms Earth

More information

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Geology Laboratory GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Geology Laboratory GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rocks Origin, Properties and Identification Geology Laboratory GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rock Origin and Identification Lab Pre-Lab Internet Link Resources 1) http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/index.html

More information

Earth Science, 10e. Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens

Earth Science, 10e. Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens Earth Science, 10e Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting Chapter 3 Earth Science, 10e Stan Hatfield and Ken Pinzke Southwestern Illinois College Earth's external processes

More information

Page 1. Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks?

Page 1. Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks? Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks? 1663-1 - Page 1 5) The flowchart below illustrates the change from melted rock to basalt. 2) Which processes most likely

More information

Rocks Rock- A group of minerals, glass, mineroid bound together in some way.

Rocks Rock- A group of minerals, glass, mineroid bound together in some way. Rocks Rock- A group of minerals, glass, mineroid bound together in some way. All rocks fit into one of three categories: Igneous- formed by the cooling and hardening of hot molten rock Sedimentary- formed

More information

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Physical Geology GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor

Sedimentary Rocks. Origin, Properties and Identification. Physical Geology GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rocks Origin, Properties and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor Sedimentary Rock Origin and Identification Lab Pre-Lab Internet Link Resources 1) http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/index.html

More information

1. What is the most important agent of chemical weathering on Earth? a. oxygen b. salt c. carbon dioxide d. carbonic acid e. water

1. What is the most important agent of chemical weathering on Earth? a. oxygen b. salt c. carbon dioxide d. carbonic acid e. water Geology 1-2nd Exam Spring 2013 Prof. Phil Stoffer 1. What is the most important agent of chemical weathering on Earth? a. oxygen b. salt c. carbon dioxide d. carbonic acid e. water 2. Igneous rocks are

More information

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1 Name Practice Test Rocks and Minerals 1. Which rock would be the best source of the mineral garnet? A) basalt B) limestone C) schist D) slate 2. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite

More information

Sediments and. Sedimentary Rocks

Sediments and. Sedimentary Rocks Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Bottom Line Sedimentary rocks form from particles accumulated in sedimentary layers Sedimentary layers can be formed by clastic or detrital particles (e.g., sand grains,

More information

A. IGNEOUS Rocks formed by cooling and hardening of hot molten rock called magma (within crust or at its surface).

A. IGNEOUS Rocks formed by cooling and hardening of hot molten rock called magma (within crust or at its surface). EARTH SCIENCE 11 CHAPTER 5 NOTES KEY How Earth's Rocks Were Formed Early geologists believed that the physical features of the Earth were formed by sudden spectacular events called CATASTROPHES. Modern

More information

Limestone dissolved by naturally acidic rainwater. Weathering and Soils Lecture 5

Limestone dissolved by naturally acidic rainwater. Weathering and Soils Lecture 5 Last time Viscosity determines the ability of a melt to releases gasses coming out of solution Viscosity depends on silica content and TEMPERATURE Mafic (Basaltic) melts are extremely hot and have low

More information

Sedimentary Rocks and Processes

Sedimentary Rocks and Processes Sedimentary Rocks and Processes Weathering Sedimentary Processes Breakdown of pre-existing rock by physical and chemical processes Transport Movement of sediments from environments of relatively high potential

More information

Topics that will be discussed

Topics that will be discussed Topics that will be discussed The Rock Cycle Igneous Rock Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock The Rock Cycle -Rocks The parent material for all rocks is MAGMA. What is MAGMA? -Rock forming Minerals Are:

More information

Materials of the Earth

Materials of the Earth Hewitt/Lyons/Suchocki/Yeh Conceptual Integrated Science Chapter 23 ROCKS AND MINERALS This lecture will help you understand: Materials of the Earth Mineral Properties Formation of Minerals How Minerals

More information

Guided Notes Rocks & Minerals

Guided Notes Rocks & Minerals Guided Notes Rocks & Minerals is Mineral 1.What is a Mineral Tests 2.Mineral Properties Cycle 3.Rock Rocks 4.Igneous Rocks 5.Sedimentary Rocks 6. Metamorphic Rocks Reference Tables K. Coder 2015 12. What

More information

The physical breakdown and chemical alteration of rocks and minerals at or near Earth s surface.

The physical breakdown and chemical alteration of rocks and minerals at or near Earth s surface. The physical breakdown and chemical alteration of rocks and minerals at or near Earth s surface. The material that is chemically and mechanically weathered to yield sediment and soil. Regolith consisting

More information

Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals

Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which shows the results of three different physical tests, A, B, and C, that were performed on a mineral.

More information

13. Sedimentary Rocks I (p )

13. Sedimentary Rocks I (p ) 13. Sedimentary Rocks I (p. 194-208) Sediment Deposition Weathering results in rock being broken down into smaller fragments, called regolith. This regolith is then broken down to form soil. The regolith

More information

Sedimentary Rocks, Stratigraphy, and Geologic Time

Sedimentary Rocks, Stratigraphy, and Geologic Time Sedimentary Rocks, Stratigraphy, and Geologic Time A rock is any naturally formed, nonliving, coherent aggregate mass of solid matter that constitutes part of a planet, asteroid, moon, or other planetary

More information

As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? A) A B) B C) C D) D

As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? A) A B) B C) C D) D 1. A student obtains a cup of quartz sand from a beach. A saltwater solution is poured into the sand and allowed to evaporate. The mineral residue from the saltwater solution cements the sand grains together,

More information

The Nature of Sedimentary Rocks

The Nature of Sedimentary Rocks The Nature of Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are composed of: Fragments of other rocks Chemical precipitates Organic matter or biochemically produced materials The Nature of Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary

More information

Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology Weathering and Soil

Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology Weathering and Soil Chapter 6 Lecture Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology Eleventh Edition Weathering and Soil Tarbuck and Lutgens Weathering Weathering involves the physical breakdown and chemical alteration of rock

More information

Sedimentary Geology. Strat and Sed, Ch. 1 1

Sedimentary Geology. Strat and Sed, Ch. 1 1 Sedimentary Geology Strat and Sed, Ch. 1 1 Sedimentology vs. Stratigraphy Sedimentology is the study of the origin and classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks Mostly the physical and chemical

More information

Unit 2 Exam: Rocks & Minerals

Unit 2 Exam: Rocks & Minerals Name: Date: 1. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 2001 edition of the Earth Science Reference Tables, the map and cross section below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The shaded

More information

BELLRINGER QUESTION:

BELLRINGER QUESTION: Miss Loulousis BELLRINGER QUESTION: Why are rocks important to us? Are all rocks made of minerals? Buildings, Roads, Bridges, Concrete, Extract minerals like iron (Fe) to make steel, Toothpaste, Salt,

More information

Geology 252, Historical Geology, California State University, Los Angeles - professor: Dr. Alessandro Grippo

Geology 252, Historical Geology, California State University, Los Angeles - professor: Dr. Alessandro Grippo LAB # 1 - CLASTIC ROCKS Background: - Mechanical and Chemical Weathering - Production of Clastic Sediment - Classification of Sediment according to size: Gravel, Sand, Silt, Clay - Erosion, Transportation

More information

Name Class Date. 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term rock cycle.

Name Class Date. 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term rock cycle. Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term rock cycle. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank.

More information

I m good. Thank you.

I m good. Thank you. I m good. Thank you. The Rock Cycle Ag Earth Science Chapter 3.1 A natural occurring, inorganic crystalline material with a unique chemical composition. mineral A consolidated mixture of minerals rock

More information

COMPOSITIONAL TERMS: FELSIC : light colored INTERMEDIATE : medium shades MAFIC : dark colored ULTRAMAFIC : rare (composition of the mantle)

COMPOSITIONAL TERMS: FELSIC : light colored INTERMEDIATE : medium shades MAFIC : dark colored ULTRAMAFIC : rare (composition of the mantle) GEOLOGY 306 Laboratory NAME: Instructor: TERRY J. BOROUGHS SECTION: Common Rocks (Chapter 2) For this assignment, you will require: a streak plate, glass plate, magnet, dilute hydrochloric (HCl) acid,

More information

DOMINANT SEDIMENTS TYPE IN ROCK Loose fragments of rocks or minerals broken off of bedrock Mineral crystals that precipitate directly out of water

DOMINANT SEDIMENTS TYPE IN ROCK Loose fragments of rocks or minerals broken off of bedrock Mineral crystals that precipitate directly out of water LAST NAME (ALL IN CAPS): FIRST NAME: 7. SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES, ROCKS, AND ENVIRONMENTS Instructions: Refer to Laboratory 6 in your Lab Book on pages 153-186 to answer the questions in this work sheet.

More information

The Production of Sediment. Contents. Weathering. Chapters 1, 3

The Production of Sediment. Contents. Weathering. Chapters 1, 3 The Production of Sediment Chapters 1, 3 Contents Weathering Physical, chemical, biogeochemical processes Rates Products Carbon cycle and global change Erosion/Soils Sediment Texture Weathering General

More information

Sediment and Sedimentary rock

Sediment and Sedimentary rock Sediment and Sedimentary rock Sediment: An accumulation of loose mineral grains, such as boulders, pebbles, sand, silt or mud, which are not cemented together. Mechanical and chemical weathering produces

More information

Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary. Chapter 5 & Chapter 6

Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary. Chapter 5 & Chapter 6 Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary Chapter 5 & Chapter 6 Section 5.1 What are Igneous Rocks? Compare and contrast intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. Describe the composition of magma Discuss the factors

More information

Lab 7: Sedimentary Structures

Lab 7: Sedimentary Structures Name: Lab 7: Sedimentary Structures Sedimentary rocks account for a negligibly small fraction of Earth s mass, yet they are commonly encountered because the processes that form them are ubiquitous in the

More information

RR#7 - Multiple Choice

RR#7 - Multiple Choice 1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? 1) hematite 2) fluorite 3) galena 4) talc 2. Which rock is composed of the mineral halite that formed when seawater evaporated? 1) limestone 2) dolostone

More information

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks Rocks Tarbuck Lutgens 3.1 The Rock Cycle 3.1 The Rock Cycle I. Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks 1. Igneous rock

More information

Sedimentary Rocks Reading with Questions (Pg. 3-6) Scheme for Sedimentary Rock Identification Video (Mr. White s website) Questions (Pg.

Sedimentary Rocks Reading with Questions (Pg. 3-6) Scheme for Sedimentary Rock Identification Video (Mr. White s website) Questions (Pg. Do At Least 2 Must Do All NAME: Kick Off Activity Comparing Sedimentary and Igneous Rocks (Pg. 2) The Foundation Sedimentary Rocks Reading with Questions (Pg. 3-6) Scheme for Sedimentary Rock Identification

More information

1. Gravel-size 2. Sand-size 3. Silt-size 4. Clay-size 5. Microcrystalline 6. Macrocrystalline

1. Gravel-size 2. Sand-size 3. Silt-size 4. Clay-size 5. Microcrystalline 6. Macrocrystalline Name: GEOL 101 - Physical Geology Lab Grade: SEDIMENTARY & METAMORPHIC ROCK CLASSIFICATION and IDENTIFICATION SEDIMENTARY PRE-ID SECTION To be completed before observing hand samples: I. Introduction &

More information

Surface Processes on the Earth. Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil

Surface Processes on the Earth. Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil Surface Processes on the Earth Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil ROCKS AND ROCK CYCLE Rock types Three main types of rock Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Igneous Form when magma or lava cools and hardens

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 3 Rocks 3.1 The Rock Cycle Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks

More information

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures CHAPTER 4 2 Igneous Rock SECTION Rocks: Mineral Mixtures BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture

More information

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures CHAPTER 2 2 Igneous Rock SECTION Rocks: Mineral Mixtures BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture

More information

The boundary between two formations (or any distinct layers) is called a contact. Sedimentary rocks cover 75% of continents.

The boundary between two formations (or any distinct layers) is called a contact. Sedimentary rocks cover 75% of continents. Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks form at the Earth s surface through interactions of the hydrologic system and the crust. Fortunately, many of these processes are in operation today, and geologists

More information

Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks

Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks I. Rocks and the Rock Cycle * Material that makes up the solid part of the Earth. * Made of a variety of different combinations of minerals and organic matter. A. Three Major

More information

WEATHERING. Turning Rock to Sediment and Solutions 10/22/2012

WEATHERING. Turning Rock to Sediment and Solutions 10/22/2012 WEATHERING Turning Rock to Sediment and Solutions Igneous rocks form at high temperatures; at the Earth s surface they are chemically unstable and will begin to disintegrate and decompose in a process

More information

Weathering and Erosion

Weathering and Erosion Weathering and Erosion Weathering the disintegration and decomposition of material at the surface Erosion the transportation of weathered material by water, wind, or ice Weathering Two kinds of weathering

More information

Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D

Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 1 Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of (1) white quartz (3) pink feldspar (2) aluminum (4) iron 2 The diagram below shows how a sample of the mineral mica breaks

More information

Engineering Geology ECIV 3302

Engineering Geology ECIV 3302 Engineering Geology ECIV 3302 Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2019-2018 Chapter (5) Weathering & Soil Chapter 5: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting External processes include : (1) Weathering (2) Mass wasting

More information

Name: Grade: GEOL Physical Geology Laboratory Sedimentaryand Metamorphic Rocks Lab #6

Name:  Grade: GEOL Physical Geology Laboratory Sedimentaryand Metamorphic Rocks Lab #6 Name: GEOL 101 - Physical Geology Laboratory Sedimentaryand Metamorphic Rocks Lab #6 Grade: PRELAB SECTION To be completed before labs starts: I. Introduction & Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory

More information

Sedimentary Rocks. Rocks made of bits & pieces of other rocks.

Sedimentary Rocks. Rocks made of bits & pieces of other rocks. Sedimentary Rocks Rocks made of bits & pieces of other rocks. Sedimentary Rocks Igneous rocks are the most common rocks on Earth, but because most of them exist below the surface you might not have seen

More information

Sand. Sand is any eroded material (igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary) that has a grain size from 1/16 th to 2 millimeters in size.

Sand. Sand is any eroded material (igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary) that has a grain size from 1/16 th to 2 millimeters in size. Sedimentology 001 What is sedimentology? Sedimentology...encompasses the study of modern sediments such as sand [1], mud (silt) [2] andclay [3] and understanding the processes that deposit them.[4] It

More information

A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter

A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter Rocks are classified by how they are formed, their composition, and texture Rocks change over time through the rock

More information

1. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents a part of the crystal structure of the mineral kaolinite.

1. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents a part of the crystal structure of the mineral kaolinite. 1. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents a part of the crystal structure of the mineral kaolinite. An arrangement of atoms such as the one shown in the diagram determines

More information

Igneous Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks Name: Date: Igneous Rocks Igneous rocks form from the solidification of magma either below (intrusive igneous rocks) or above (extrusive igneous rocks) the Earth s surface. For example, the igneous rock

More information

Your teacher will show you a sample or diagram of each, and show you a settling column. Draw these, and label your diagrams (8 pts) Ungraded:

Your teacher will show you a sample or diagram of each, and show you a settling column. Draw these, and label your diagrams (8 pts) Ungraded: From Sand to Stone: How do we recognize and interpret sedimentary rocks in the rock record? (Based closely on the University of Washington ESS 101 Lab 5: Sedimentary Rocks) Introduction: This lab consists

More information

LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS

LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS Learning outcomes The student is able to: 1. understand and identify rocks 2. understand and identify parent materials 3. recognize

More information

Monument Valley, Utah. What weathering processes contributed to the development of these remarkable rock formations? Weathering Mechanisms

Monument Valley, Utah. What weathering processes contributed to the development of these remarkable rock formations? Weathering Mechanisms Monument Valley, Utah. What weathering processes contributed to the development of these remarkable rock formations? Weathering Includes Physical, Chemical, Biological processes WEATHERING CHAPTER 7 Weathering

More information