IN SOUTH DAKOTA PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. GERALD (MACK) McGILLIVRAY OCTOBER 8-9, 2008

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1 SHALLOW GAS EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION IN SOUTH DAKOTA PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE BY GERALD (MACK) McGILLIVRAY 2009 ROCKY MOUNTAIN UNCONVENTIONAL GAS CONFERENCE OCTOBER 8-9, 2008

2 HISTORY OF SHALLOW GAS IN SD ATi Timeline Waaay back: Pierre Gas Field Oil & Casing Head Gas (Too Deep & Low BTU): 1954-Present Not so far back: Harding Co. Eagle/Shannon WSPH & Cady Creek Fields: 1977-Present Recent Past (Last Five Years): Pierre Gas Field Revisited, Sub-Glacial Gas, Present: New Production/Exploration in Harding and Butte Co. Future??? Discussion

3 PIERRE GAS FIELD

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5 PIERRE GAS FIELD HISTORY 1889 Pierre Gas Plant installed 1892 Gas from Indian School water well flared until Locke Hotel; cook, heat, lights City Gas Plant; (every) home City Streets; all lit with gas

6 GAS ANALYSES State Capitol Well CH4 94 % N O CO Btu..907 Analysis by S.D. State College Pierre City Wells Methane.78.8% Ethane 13.2 Propane Butane..1.3 Analysis by Carter Oil Company

7 Pierre Area Natural Gas Production SD Department of Environment & Natural Resources MCF GAS 0

8 Pierre Shale Missouri River Inyan Kara Group (Fall River & Lakota Sandstone) Dakota Sandstone Igneous and Metamorphic Rock

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14 HARDING COUNTY OIL & GAS FIELDS HISTORY

15 HARDING COUNTY OIL & GAS FIELDS HISTORY CONTD. 1954: Buffalo Field discovered. Cum gas production 216 BCF, mostly casinghead gas (low BTU) used on site or vented.

16 The colors denote horizontal drilling spacing units, and show the large areas spaced not only by established Operators like Continental Resources and Luff, but new Players like Tecton and Zenergy.

17 HARDING COUNTY BUFFALO FIELD 1943

18 HARDING COUNTY BUFFALO FIELD 195?

19 HARDING COUNTY OIL & GAS FIELDS HISTORY CONTD : 78: West Short Pine Hills & Cady Creek fields discovered. Cum gas production 24 BCF, all salable gas

20 This map of southern Harding and northern Butte counties show the recent Shannon spacing units, and new wells and permits.

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22 South Dakota Natural Gas Production Casing head gas associated with Oil production 1954-Present MCF Methane production from the Dakota Sandstone, Pierre Gas Field, Methane production from the Eagle/Shannon members of the Pierre Shale 1979-Present 0 TOTAL GAS SALABLE SD Department of Environment & Natural Resources 09/30/

23 South Dakota Natural Gas Production MCF Casing head gas associated with Oil production 1954-Present Methane production from the Eagle/Shannon members of the Pierre Shale 1979-Present Methane production from the Dakota Sandstone, Pierre Gas Field, TOTAL GAS SALABLE GAS SD Department of Environment & Natural Resources 09/30/09

24 HARDING COUNTY OIL & GAS FIELDS HISTORY CONTD : 08: Spyglass Jump Off Field discovered. Cum gas production (2008, through July 2009) 1.4 BCF

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26 MCF 2008 MONTHLY SALABLE GAS PRODUCTION 200, , , , , ,000 Spyglass - 15 wells, 31 Days 140, , , , ,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 35,950 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Januaryary Spyglass - 7 wells, 31 Days Spyglass - 7 wells, Days 52,648 33,283 33,869 31,556 31,741 February March April May 96,945 June July 154,541 ust Augus 164, , Gas Production: 1,097,124 MCF (1.1 BCF) WSPH - 45 wells Cady Creek - 21 wells Spyglass - 15 wells Total - 81 wells September October November 149, ,084 December

27 MCF 2009 MONTHLY SALABLE GAS PRODUCTION 200, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 WSPH - 45 wells Cady Creek - 21 wells Spyglass - 17 wells Total - 81 wells 10,000 0 January February March April May June July 0 August 0 September 0 0 October November 0 December

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32 RECENT WILDCAT SHALLOW GAS EXPLORATION 2004: McCook Co. Glacial/Cretaceous Test by Sheirer (Landowner). Show of Gas, but also producing water. Still testing methods to reduce

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36 RECENT WILDCAT SHALLOW GAS EXPLORATION CONTD & 2007: Stanley & Hughes Co. Cretaceous Gas Tests by Houston Expl (Forest Oil) & Fidelity Expl.

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40 RECENT WILDCAT SHALLOW GAS EXPLORATION CONTD. 2007: Spink Co. Cretaceous Gas Tests by BioRock.

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45 RECENT WILDCAT SHALLOW GAS EXPLORATION CONTD : 2009: Shannon Gas Tests by North Finn in Harding & Butte Counties.

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52 THE FUTURE, WHAT DOES IT HOLD, AND WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP?

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54 CURRENT PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES

55 SDGS MAPS AND PUBLICATIONS

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59 DENR OIL & GAS SECTION WEBSITE

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64 NEW STUFF!!

65 REVISED RULES Revise 74:10:03:16. Procedures for setting surface casing and production casing. The rule currently requires a minimum of 100 feet of surface casing to protect shallow aquifers in all oil and gas wells. Operators that are exploring for shallow oil and gas in the state asked the department to change the current rule because some of the oil and gas they are targeting g is at depths of less than 100 feet. In addition, there are areas in the state where 100 feet of surface casing is not necessary due to the surface geology (shale, glacial till). This rule change will eliminate the minimum 100 feet of surface casing requirement and allow the department to determine how much surface casing is required on a case-by-case basis as we do now when more than 100 feet is required.

66 Cross Sections of Geophysical Logs of Phanerozoic Rocks in South Dakota A B C A Williston Basin D F E G D E Canadian Shield C B F H Black Hills H G Sioux Ridge I Kennedy Basin I Powder River Basin Chadron Arch Forest City Basin

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68 Cross Section Showing Geophysical Logs of Phanerozoic Rocks In the Northern Portion of the Williston Basin in South Dakota By J.E. Fox (SDSMT) and K.A. McCormick and T.N. Haggar (SDGS) Became available as a SDGS publication July, 2008

69 Stratigraphic Correlation Chart of South Dakota Joint effort by DENR Oil & Gas Section And South Dakota Geological Survey Became available as a SDGS publication (Oil & Gas Investigation 1) July, 2007

70 THE DENR OIL & GAS OFFICE AND SDGS HAVE SCANNED ALL OF THE WELL LOGS IN OUR FILES, AND THEY ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE IN TIFF AND PDF FORMATS BY REQUEST. HOPEFULLY, THEY WILL BE AVAILABLE ON THE WEB SOON.

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73 What do You (Our Customers) Want or Need from Us?

74 FOR MORE INFORMATION, SEE OUR WEBSITE OR CONTACT: FRED STEECE (SUPERVISOR) MACK MCGILLIVRAY (SENIOR GEOLOGIST) SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES MINERALS & MINING PROGRAM - OIL & GAS SECTION 2050 WEST MAIN, SUITE #1 RAPID CITY, SD PHONE: (605) FAX: (605)

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