CH 4- MINERALS OBJECTIVES: Identify characteristics and formations of minerals. Differentiate Minerals by their groups and uses STANDARDS:

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "CH 4- MINERALS OBJECTIVES: Identify characteristics and formations of minerals. Differentiate Minerals by their groups and uses STANDARDS:"

Transcription

1 OBJECTIVES: CH 4- MINERALS Identify characteristics and formations of minerals Differentiate Minerals by their groups and uses STANDARDS:

2 MINERAL: WHAT IS A MINERAL? A naturally occurring Inorganic Solid Specific chemical composition Definite crystalline structure.

3 CHARACTERISTICS OF MINERALS Naturally Occurring and Inorganic Minerals are formed by natural processes Magma or precipitates Minerals are not alive and were never alive at any part of their existence Solids with Specific Composition Minerals are ALL SOLIDS NO gas or liquid can be classified a mineral Each type of mineral has a unique chemical composition EX: few are formed from just one element (copper, silver, sulfur) Most are formed from compounds Definite Crystalline Structure Atoms are arranged in repeating patterns = crystals Table 4.1 on pg. 78 shows Common Crystal Structures

4 CRYSTAL STRUCTURES

5 MINERAL FORMATION Minerals From Magma Magma: molten material found beneath Earth s surface. Type and amount of compounds in the magma determine which minerals will form Cooling rate determines crystal size. Cools slowly = large crystal formation Cools quickly = small crystal formation Minerals from Solution Minerals form when solutions become saturated (unable to dissolve any more solute) If solution becomes supersaturated minerals precipitate (form) If liquid from a supersaturated solution evaporates what is left behind are elements/compounds that can form crystals ->minerals

6 MINERAL GROUPS SILICATES Minerals that contains silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) and usually one or more other elements. Make up 96% of the minerals in Earth s crust Most common minerals Feldspar and quartz Mica CARBONATES Minerals composed of one or more metallic elements with the carbonate compound (CO 3 ) EXAMPLES: Calcite, dolomite, rhodochrosite Found in rocks such as limestone, coquina, and marble Some have distinct colorations

7 MINERAL GROUPS OXIDES Compounds of oxygen and metal EXAMPLES: Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) = common iron oxides Uraninite is a major source of uranium used to generate power OTHER MINERAL GROUPS Sulfides Sulfates Halides (salts) Native elements Copper, Silver

8

9

10 MINERAL IDENTIFICATION COLOR Color of the actual mineral LUSTER The way that a mineral reflects light from its surface categorized as metallic (shiny) silver, gold, copper, galena nonmetallic (dull, pearly, waxy or silky) calcite, gypsum, sulfur, quartz TEXTURE How a mineral feels to the touch Describe as smooth, rough, ragged, greasy, soapy or glassy STREAK The color of a mineral when it is broken up and powdered

11 HARDNESS MINERAL IDENTIFICATION A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched Moh s scale of mineral hardness Softest 1 can be scratched by fingernail Hardest 10 diamond can be used to sharpen other metals and as a cutting tool See Pg. 86 Table 4-3

12 MINERAL IDENTIFICATION CLEAVAGE AND FRACTURE Cleavage: Ability of a mineral to break easily and evenly along one or more flat planes Fracture: ability of a mineral to break into pieces with arc-like, rough, or jagged edges. DENSITY AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY Density = Mass/volume minerals of the same size may feel quite heavier when they are lifted. Specific gravity: the ratio of the weight of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of water at 4 degrees C

13 ORES Mineral that contains a valuable substance that can be mined EXAMPLES: bauxite - contains Aluminum, hematite contains Iron MINERAL USES MINES Ores are found beneath the surface, must be remove d by underground mining Unwanted dirt and rock is known as waste material Waste material is expensive to remove and harmful to the environment

14 GEMS MINERAL USES Rare, precious, highly prized mineral that can be cut, polished, and used for jewelry EXAMPLES: Rubies Emeralds Diamonds Amethyst Sapphires

Periods on the Periodic Table

Periods on the Periodic Table Minerals Chapter 2 Matter Matter includes anything that has mass and takes up space (volume). It exists in 3 main states on Earth solid, liquid, and gas. Matter can be classified based on its physical

More information

CHAPTER 2 MINERALS. Group Presentation Notes

CHAPTER 2 MINERALS. Group Presentation Notes CHAPTER 2 MINERALS Group Presentation Notes DEFINITION OF A MINERAL A mineral is naturally occurring, inorganic solid with an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition. CHARACTERISTICS

More information

The Use of Minerals. Chapter 3

The Use of Minerals. Chapter 3 Section 3 The Formation, Mining, and Use of Minerals The Use of Minerals Metallic Minerals are good conductors of heat and electricity. They can be processed for various uses, including building aircraft,

More information

Chapter 4 Minerals Sec. 4.1 What is a Mineral?

Chapter 4 Minerals Sec. 4.1 What is a Mineral? Chapter 4 Minerals Sec. 4.1 What is a Mineral? Minerals Earth s crust is composed of about 3000 minerals. Besides forming rocks and shaping Earth s surface, some minerals have helped to develop civilization.

More information

Minerals and Rocks. Minerals

Minerals and Rocks. Minerals Minerals and Rocks Minerals What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement or a D if

More information

What do these products have in common?

What do these products have in common? What is a mineral? 4000 minerals on Earth!!!! A naturally occurring, inorganic solid crystalline substance with a definite chemical composition. A mineral must have these 5 major aspects: Naturally occurring

More information

A mineral is a- In order for a substance to be called a mineral, it must have of the characteristics described in this definition.

A mineral is a- In order for a substance to be called a mineral, it must have of the characteristics described in this definition. Section 1 Minerals Minerals A mineral is a- In order for a substance to be called a mineral, it must have of the characteristics described in this definition. Inorganic A mineral must be inorganic, or

More information

Unit 6 Lesson 1 Minerals. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 6 Lesson 1 Minerals. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral? What do minerals have in common? Not all minerals are sparkling gems, but they all have certain characteristics in common. A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid

More information

Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 2. Based on: Earth Science, 10e

Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 2. Based on: Earth Science, 10e Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 2 Based on: Earth Science, 10e Minerals: the building blocks of rocks Definition of a mineral Solid Inorganic Natural Crystalline Structure - Possess an orderly

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 2 Minerals 2.1 Matter Elements and the Periodic Table Elements are the basic building blocks of minerals. Over 100 elements are known. 2.1 Matter Atoms

More information

Geology Topics Minerals

Geology Topics Minerals Geology Topics Minerals RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described

More information

The most common elements that make up minerals are oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, potassium, and magnesium

The most common elements that make up minerals are oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, potassium, and magnesium Mineralogy: The Study of Minerals and their Properties A Mineral! Occurs! Is a! Is a substance (element or compound)! Has atoms arrange in an orderly pattern ( )! Is (not formed by any process involving

More information

PHILADELPHIA UNIVERSITY

PHILADELPHIA UNIVERSITY PHILADELPHIA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING. Engineering Geology Part one 1 2nd semester 2018/2019 Eng. Amany Assouli 1 INTRODUCTION: What is the engineering

More information

8 th Earth Science Chapter 3 Minerals Name

8 th Earth Science Chapter 3 Minerals Name Section 1 Minerals: 8 th Earth Science Chapter 3 Minerals Name Mineral About different minerals are found on Earth, but they all share four characteristics. 1.All minerals are formed by processes. These

More information

Chapter 2 Minerals Section 1 Matter Elements and the Periodic Table

Chapter 2 Minerals Section 1 Matter Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2 Minerals Section 1 Matter Key Concepts What is an element? What particles make up atoms? What are isotopes? What are compounds and why do they form? How do chemical bonds differ? Vocabulary element

More information

Study Guide for Test : Minerals, Rock Cycle & Mining

Study Guide for Test : Minerals, Rock Cycle & Mining Name: Date: Period: Study Guide for Test : Minerals, Rock Cycle & Mining Copy of Class Notes at http://feldmannscience.weebly.com Access website by computer or mobile device! Tutoring offered after school

More information

ROCKS & MINERALS UNIT. 8 th Grade Earth & Space Science

ROCKS & MINERALS UNIT. 8 th Grade Earth & Space Science ROCKS & MINERALS UNIT 8 th Grade Earth & Space Science Characteristics of Minerals 8 th Grade Earth & Space Science Class Notes Mineral Characteristics Naturally occurring formed by natural processes Inorganic

More information

Learning Target.. I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock.

Learning Target.. I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock. Rocks and Minerals Learning Target.. n I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock. What is a mineral? A mineral o Is a Inorganic solid formed in nature (Inorganic -- not living or ever

More information

Matter and Minerals Earth: Chapter Pearson Education, Inc.

Matter and Minerals Earth: Chapter Pearson Education, Inc. Matter and Minerals Earth: Chapter 3 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks By definition a mineral is: Naturally occurring An inorganic solid Ordered internal molecular structure Definite chemical composition

More information

How minerals form. September 20, Mineral families and formation.notebook

How minerals form. September 20, Mineral families and formation.notebook How minerals form Minerals form (primarily) in 3 different ways: 1. From the cooling and hardening of magma and lava Oct 20 7:06 AM Whether the rock melt cools quickly or slowly, ions and elements within

More information

Mineral Identification

Mineral Identification Mineral Identification! Mineral identification is a skill. " Requires learning diagnostic properties #Some properties are easily seen. $Color $Crystal shape #Some properties require handling or testing.

More information

Lab #4: Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks

Lab #4: Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Lab #4: Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks By definition a mineral is/has Naturally occurring Inorganic solid Ordered internal molecular structure Definite chemical composition

More information

Minerals: Minerals: Building blocks of rocks. Atomic Structure of Matter. Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 3 Outline

Minerals: Minerals: Building blocks of rocks. Atomic Structure of Matter. Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 3 Outline Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 3 Outline Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. Minerals: Building blocks of rocks Definition

More information

Rocks & Minerals. Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? What is a mineral?

Rocks & Minerals. Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? What is a mineral? Rocks & Minerals What is a mineral? A mineral must have 5 specific characteristics to be considered a mineral a. b. c. d. e. Naturally occurring - formed by natural processes. Solid - must have a definite

More information

Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals. Why Atoms Bond. Why Atoms Bond. Halite (NaCl) An Example of Ionic Bonding. Composition of Minerals.

Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals. Why Atoms Bond. Why Atoms Bond. Halite (NaCl) An Example of Ionic Bonding. Composition of Minerals. Matter and Minerals Earth Chapter 3 Minerals: summary in haiku form "Mineral" defined: natural, inorganic, solid (and two more). continued... Also crystalline, chemically specific. There! I fit it in!

More information

Minerals. What are minerals and how do we classify them?

Minerals. What are minerals and how do we classify them? Minerals What are minerals and how do we classify them? 1 Minerals! Minerals are the ingredients needed to form the different types of rocks! Rock - is any naturally formed solid that is part of Earth

More information

Name: Minerals and more minerals

Name: Minerals and more minerals 1. The diagram below shows how a sample of the mineral mica breaks when hit with a rock hammer. 6. The diagrams below show the crystal shapes of two minerals. This mineral breaks in smooth, flat surfaces

More information

Naturally occurring means minerals are found and made in nature, not laboratories.

Naturally occurring means minerals are found and made in nature, not laboratories. What are Minerals How important are minerals to you? Minerals are very important, actually. Almost everything you own and use was manufacture using as least some minerals. You own or encounter many things

More information

Minerals By Patti Hutchison

Minerals By Patti Hutchison Minerals By Patti Hutchison 1 Minerals. They are all around us. We eat them, wear them, and build with them. What is a mineral? How are they identified? What can we do with them? 2 Earth's crust is made

More information

ESS Minerals. Lee. 1. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals.

ESS Minerals. Lee. 1. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals. Name: ESS Minerals Pd. 1. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals. The minerals listed in the table are varieties of which mineral? (A) garnet (B) magnetite (C) olivine (D) quartz

More information

Rocks and Minerals. Goal 2.1 Lesson 1

Rocks and Minerals. Goal 2.1 Lesson 1 Rocks and Minerals Goal 2.1 Lesson 1 Think About It What are rocks made of? Focus Question What are Earth s materials made of? A Definition: A Mineral is/has 1. Naturally occurring Plastic is not a mineral!

More information

Minerals. Elements and Minerals

Minerals. Elements and Minerals Minerals Gypsum Crystals (actual size) Elements and Minerals 87 naturally occurring elements 12 are found in the earth s crust in amounts >1% These twelve make up 99% of the mass of the crust. 70% of the

More information

Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals

Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals Review - Unit 2 - Rocks and Minerals Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which shows the results of three different physical tests, A, B, and C, that were performed on a mineral.

More information

Matter and Minerals. Earth 9 th edition Chapter 3 Minerals: summary in haiku form "Mineral" defined: natural, inorganic, solid (and two more).

Matter and Minerals. Earth 9 th edition Chapter 3 Minerals: summary in haiku form Mineral defined: natural, inorganic, solid (and two more). 1 2 Matter and Minerals Earth 9 th edition Chapter 3 Minerals: summary in haiku form "Mineral" defined: natural, inorganic, solid (and two more). continued... 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Also crystalline,

More information

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nebe_brjaq&feature =youtu.be https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- DSzlxeNCBk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nebe_brjaq&feature =youtu.be https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- DSzlxeNCBk What is a mineral? H.E.3A.5 Analyze and interpret data to describe the physical and chemical properties of minerals and rocks and classify each based on the properties and environment in which they were

More information

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks Chapter 4

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks Chapter 4 Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks Chapter 4 The French are bred to die for love They delight in fighting duels But I prefer a man who lives And gives expensive jewls A kill on the hand may be quite continental

More information

Minerals. Atoms, Elements, and Chemical Bonding. Definition of a Mineral 2-1

Minerals. Atoms, Elements, and Chemical Bonding. Definition of a Mineral 2-1 Minerals In order to define a what we mean by a mineral we must first make some definitions: 2-1 Most of the Earth s surface is composed of rocky material. An element is a substance which cannot be broken

More information

6/20/2018. Lesson 1 (Properties of Minerals) 6 th Grade. Earth s Structure Chapter 2: Minerals and Rocks. density =

6/20/2018. Lesson 1 (Properties of Minerals) 6 th Grade. Earth s Structure Chapter 2: Minerals and Rocks. density = 6 th Grade Earth s Structure Chapter 2: Minerals and Rocks Mineral Lesson 1 (Properties of Minerals) a mineral must meet all four of the following requirements: 1. must be naturally-occurring (formed by

More information

10/8/15. Earth Materials Minerals and Rocks. I) Minerals. Minerals. (A) Definition: Topics: -- naturally occurring What are minerals?

10/8/15. Earth Materials Minerals and Rocks. I) Minerals. Minerals. (A) Definition: Topics: -- naturally occurring What are minerals? minerals Earth Materials Minerals and Rocks I) Minerals Minerals Topics: What are minerals? Basic Chemistry Amethysts in geode: minerals Characteristics of Minerals Types of Minerals -- orderly arrangement

More information

Unit 2: Minerals and Rocks Practice Questions

Unit 2: Minerals and Rocks Practice Questions Name: Date: 1. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage? 6. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the photograph of a sample of gneiss below.

More information

Rocks & Minerals ROCKS & MINERALS

Rocks & Minerals ROCKS & MINERALS Rocks & Minerals ROCKS & MINERALS What is a mineral? Solid can not be a liquid or a gas Naturally Occuring- found in nature; not man-made Inorganic- is not alive and never was; non-living Fixed Composition-

More information

Who Am I? S6E5 Science Rocks

Who Am I? S6E5 Science Rocks Who Am I? S6E5 Science Rocks Chapter 2 Minerals and Rocks 1. I am naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. Who am I? 2. There are five characteristics

More information

Physical Geography Lab Activity #07

Physical Geography Lab Activity #07 Physical Geography Lab Activity #07 Due date Name Rocks & Minerals COR Objective 8 7.1. Introduction One part of being a physical geographer is having a basic knowledge of the rocks around us. In this

More information

Earth s Resources. Earth s Surface

Earth s Resources. Earth s Surface Earth s Resources Earth s Surface Earth s surface is made up of a layer of rock called the crust. The crust covers all of Earth. It is several miles thick. Most of the crust is under water. The upper part

More information

1 st shell holds 2 electrons. 2 nd shell holds 8 electrons

1 st shell holds 2 electrons. 2 nd shell holds 8 electrons ATOM INDIVISIBLE ELEMENTS - Nucleus = protons (+ charge) & neutrons (no charge ) - Electrons (- charge) orbit the nucleus in shells of 2, 8, 8 electrons (inner orbit outward) - Atomic number = number of

More information

MINERALS Smith and Pun Chapter 2 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

MINERALS Smith and Pun Chapter 2 ATOMIC STRUCTURE MINERALS Smith and Pun Chapter 2 1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE 2 1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE (2) (See Smith and Pun, pages 29-35) ELEMENT: Substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical methods

More information

Lecture Outlines PowerPoint. Chapter 2 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens

Lecture Outlines PowerPoint. Chapter 2 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 2 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors

More information

ROCKS AND MINERALS E J C H O N O U R S D A Y

ROCKS AND MINERALS E J C H O N O U R S D A Y ROCKS AND MINERALS E J C H O N O U R S D A Y 2 0 1 3 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ROCKS AND MINERALS MINERALS Solid formations that occur naturally in the earth Have a unique chemical composition Defined by its

More information

Rocks and Minerals. Tillery, Chapter 19. Solid Earth Materials

Rocks and Minerals. Tillery, Chapter 19. Solid Earth Materials Rocks and Minerals Tillery, Chapter 19 Science 330 Summer 2007 No other planet in the solar system has the unique combination of fluids of Earth. Earth has a surface that is mostly covered with liquid

More information

Minerals Please do not write on this test packet.

Minerals Please do not write on this test packet. Please do not write on this test packet. 1. The diagram below shows the index minerals of Mohs hardness scale compared with the hardness of some common objects. 2. Base your answer to the following question

More information

Chapter 1 Lecture Outline. Matter and Minerals

Chapter 1 Lecture Outline. Matter and Minerals Chapter 1 Lecture Outline Matter and Minerals Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Minerals are the building blocks of rocks Minerals important in human history Flint and chert for weapons and tools Gold,

More information

Physical Geology 101 Laboratory MINERALS I Properties, Classification and Identification

Physical Geology 101 Laboratory MINERALS I Properties, Classification and Identification Student Name: College: Grade: Physical Geology 101 Laboratory MINERALS I Properties, Classification and Identification INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this lab is to learn the characteristics of minerals,

More information

Chapter 4. Rocks and Minerals: Documents that Record Earth's History

Chapter 4. Rocks and Minerals: Documents that Record Earth's History Chapter 4 Rocks and Minerals: Documents that Record Earth's History What can Minerals Tell Us? 1. Minerals may contain radioactive elements that can be used for radiometric age dating. 2. Minerals that

More information

Rocks and Minerals. Unit 2 Minerals

Rocks and Minerals. Unit 2 Minerals Rocks and Minerals Unit 2 Minerals Why are minerals important? Give us insight to Earth s history and development Essential to Industry- Copper, iron, aluminum Seen in our daily lives- Mica in toothpaste,

More information

UNIT TOPICS TOPIC 1: MINERALS TOPIC 2: IGNEOUS ROCKS TOPIC 3: SEDIMENTARY ROCKS TOPIC 4: METAMORPHIC ROCKS TOPIC 5: THE ROCK CYCLE

UNIT TOPICS TOPIC 1: MINERALS TOPIC 2: IGNEOUS ROCKS TOPIC 3: SEDIMENTARY ROCKS TOPIC 4: METAMORPHIC ROCKS TOPIC 5: THE ROCK CYCLE UNIT TOPICS TOPIC 1: MINERALS TOPIC 2: IGNEOUS ROCKS TOPIC 3: SEDIMENTARY ROCKS TOPIC 4: METAMORPHIC ROCKS TOPIC 5: THE ROCK CYCLE TOPIC 1: MINERALS ESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHAT ARE MINERALS AND HOW DO WE

More information

1. A solid material made up of one or more minerals or grains or other substances, including the remains of once-living things is a.

1. A solid material made up of one or more minerals or grains or other substances, including the remains of once-living things is a. 1. A solid material made up of one or more minerals or grains or other substances, including the remains of once-living things is a. 2. A solid, inorganic material that forms naturally on or beneath Earth

More information

Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

Rocks: Mineral Mixtures CHAPTER 15 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEET Rocks: Mineral Mixtures As you read Chapter 15, which begins on page 392 of your textbook, answer the following questions It s What s Inside That Counts (p 392) 1

More information

it must be it must be it must have been formed by it must have it must have

it must be it must be it must have been formed by it must have it must have 6. Minerals II (p. 78-87) What is a mineral? The five characteristics required in order for a compound to be a mineral are: it must be it must be it must have been formed by it must have it must have Characteristics

More information

Chapter: Earth Materials

Chapter: Earth Materials Table of Contents Chapter: Earth Materials Section 1: Minerals Section 2: Igneous Rocks Section 3: Sedimentary Rocks Section 4: Metamorphic Rocks and the Rock Cycle 1 Minerals Common Elements Composition

More information

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock. What is a mineral?

I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock. What is a mineral? I Can.. Identify the differences between a mineral and a rock. What is a mineral? A mineral: o Is a Inorganic solid formed in nature (Inorganic -- not living or ever been living. Which means that it is

More information

About Earth Materials

About Earth Materials Grotzinger Jordan Understanding Earth Sixth Edition Chapter 3: EARTH MATERIALS Minerals and Rocks 2011 by W. H. Freeman and Company About Earth Materials All Earth materials are composed of atoms bound

More information

This is how we classify minerals! Silicates and Non-Silicates

This is how we classify minerals! Silicates and Non-Silicates Why are some minerals harder than others? Their atomic structure and chemical formula. This is how we classify minerals! Silicates and Non-Silicates Part #1 - Silicates: Silicon and Oxygen make up 70%

More information

4. The diagram of Bowen's Reaction Series below indicates the relative temperatures at which specific minerals crystallize as magma cools.

4. The diagram of Bowen's Reaction Series below indicates the relative temperatures at which specific minerals crystallize as magma cools. Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which shows the results of three different physical tests, A, B, and C, that were performed on a mineral. 1. The luster of this mineral could

More information

Chapter Introduction. Cycle Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter Introduction. Cycle Chapter Wrap-Up Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Minerals Rocks The Rock Cycle Chapter Wrap-Up How are minerals and rocks formed, identified, classified, and used? What do you think? Before you begin, decide

More information

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

Unit 2 Exam: Rocks & Minerals

Unit 2 Exam: Rocks & Minerals Name: Date: 1. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 2001 edition of the Earth Science Reference Tables, the map and cross section below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The shaded

More information

300 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

300 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 300 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

5/24/2018. Matter and Minerals

5/24/2018. Matter and Minerals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Matter and Minerals Earth Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Matter & Minerals Figure 3.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Geologic Definition of a Mineral: Naturally occurring Generally inorganic

More information

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

Name Class Date. 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: element, compound, and mineral.

Name Class Date. 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: element, compound, and mineral. Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: element, compound, and mineral. For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms

More information

Before Statement After

Before Statement After CHAPTER 3 Minerals LESSON 1 What is a mineral? What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the

More information

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

Layers of Earth - 3 distinct layers

Layers of Earth - 3 distinct layers Clicker Question What is the source of the energy that drives most earthquakes and volcanoes? A. Sunlight B. Radioactive decay inside the earth C. Meteorite impacts D. Ocean tides E. None of the above

More information

Element atoms join together to form an element it can not be broken down into simpler substances 118 known elements 1 92 except elements 43 and 61

Element atoms join together to form an element it can not be broken down into simpler substances 118 known elements 1 92 except elements 43 and 61 Chapter 2 What is an Element? What particles make up an atom? Element atoms join together to form an element it can not be broken down into simpler substances 118 known elements 1 92 except elements 43

More information

Mineral - a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition For the Love of God

Mineral - a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition For the Love of God Rocks & Minerals Mineral - a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition For the Love of God A platinum cast of a skull from an actual person

More information

ENVI.2030L - Minerals

ENVI.2030L - Minerals ENVI.2030L - Minerals Name I. Minerals Minerals are crystalline solids - the particles (atoms) that make-up the solid have a regular arrangement. In glasses, on the other hand, the atoms are not arranged

More information

Chapter 4 Minerals. If you look around the natural environment, you will probably WHAT ARE MINERALS?

Chapter 4 Minerals. If you look around the natural environment, you will probably WHAT ARE MINERALS? Chapter 4 Minerals WHAT ARE MINERALS? If you look around the natural environment, you will probably see two kinds of things: living and nonliving. Plants and animals are parts of the living environment.

More information

The Study of Minerals (Chapter 1) Introduction to Mineral Identification THE SILICATE MINERALS

The Study of Minerals (Chapter 1) Introduction to Mineral Identification THE SILICATE MINERALS GEOLOGY 306 Laboratory Instructor: TERRY J. BOROUGHS NAME: The Study of Minerals (Chapter 1) Introduction to Mineral Identification THE SILICATE MINERALS For this assignment you will require: a streak

More information

Quartz. ! Naturally occurring - formed by nature. ! Solid - not liquid or gas. Liquid water is not a mineral

Quartz. ! Naturally occurring - formed by nature. ! Solid - not liquid or gas. Liquid water is not a mineral GEOL 110 - Minerals, Igneous Rocks Minerals Diamond Azurite Quartz Why Study Minerals?! Rocks = aggregates of minerals! Importance to Society?! Importance to Geology? 5 part definition, must satisfy all

More information

Minerals. Natural Solid Inorganic Definite chemical composition Crystal structure due to internal arrangement of atoms

Minerals. Natural Solid Inorganic Definite chemical composition Crystal structure due to internal arrangement of atoms Minerals Natural Solid Inorganic Definite chemical composition Crystal structure due to internal arrangement of atoms http://www.minerals.net/gemstone/index.htm http://www.mii.org/www.mii.org General Facts

More information

Atoms>>>Elements>>>Minerals>>>Rocks>>>Continents>>>Planet

Atoms>>>Elements>>>Minerals>>>Rocks>>>Continents>>>Planet Introduction to Minerals It s all about scale: Atoms>>>Elements>>>Minerals>>>Rocks>>>Continents>>>Planet Basic Chem: Atomic Structure Atom: smallest unit of an element that possesses the properties of

More information

4 th Grade Science Unit C: Earth Sciences Chapter 6: Minerals and Rocks Lesson 1: What are minerals?

4 th Grade Science Unit C: Earth Sciences Chapter 6: Minerals and Rocks Lesson 1: What are minerals? 4 th Grade Science Unit C: Earth Sciences Chapter 6: Minerals and Rocks Lesson 1: What are minerals? mineral A mineral is a natural, nonliving, solid crystal that makes up rocks. All over the world, each

More information

MINERALS TAKE HOME QUIZ

MINERALS TAKE HOME QUIZ NAME 1. Which is an accurate statement about rocks? A) Rocks are located only in continental areas of the Earth. B) Rocks seldom undergo change. C) Most rocks contain fossils. D) Most rocks have several

More information

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1 Name Practice Test Rocks and Minerals 1. Which rock would be the best source of the mineral garnet? A) basalt B) limestone C) schist D) slate 2. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite

More information

Earth and Space Science. Semester 2 Review, Part 2

Earth and Space Science. Semester 2 Review, Part 2 Earth and Space Science Semester 2 Review, Part 2 2015 Chemical Weathering -The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. Examples that cause chemical weathering include the action of water

More information

Composition of the Earth: Minerals and Rocks

Composition of the Earth: Minerals and Rocks Composition of the Earth: Minerals and Rocks Objectives: Students will demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between minerals and rocks. Students will identify common minerals and rocks found

More information

Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms. From:

Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms. From: Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms From: http://webmineral.com/data/rhodochrosite.shtml The Physical Properties of Minerals Color Streak Luster Hardness External Crystal Form Cleavage The

More information

Geology 103 Planet Earth (QR II), Laboratory Exercises 1. Minerals

Geology 103 Planet Earth (QR II), Laboratory Exercises 1. Minerals Geology 103 Planet Earth (QR II), Laboratory Exercises 1 Student Name: Section: Minerals Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solids with a characteristic chemical composition. Most

More information

Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20

Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20 Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20 Emily and Megan Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Elements of Earth by weight Made of atoms Earth

More information

You now know that there are many materials that can be mistaken

You now know that there are many materials that can be mistaken 15 Mineral Properties R EA D I N G You now know that there are many materials that can be mistaken for diamonds. Yet diamonds are usually the most expensive. What makes diamonds special? Find out more

More information

Crust Elements. Elements of Earth. Minerals. Crystals. Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air

Crust Elements. Elements of Earth. Minerals. Crystals. Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Emily and Megan Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight Elements of Earth Made of atoms

More information

Emily and Megan. Earth System Science. Elements of Earth by weight. Crust Elements, by weight. Minerals. Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight

Emily and Megan. Earth System Science. Elements of Earth by weight. Crust Elements, by weight. Minerals. Made of atoms Earth is mostly iron, by weight Emily and Megan Chapter 20 MINERALS AND ROCKS Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Elements of Earth by weight Made of atoms Earth

More information

Examining Minerals and Rocks

Examining Minerals and Rocks Examining Minerals and Rocks What is a mineral? A mineral is homogenous, naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered

More information

In an experiment, what s the difference between the manipulated variable and the responding variable?

In an experiment, what s the difference between the manipulated variable and the responding variable? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. In an experiment, what s the difference between the manipulated variable and the responding variable? In an experiment, what s the best way to represent parts of a whole? The mineral scratch

More information

Unit 4: Minerals and rocks

Unit 4: Minerals and rocks Unit 4: Minerals and rocks 1. The Earth s layers 2. Minerals 2.1. Classification of minerals 2.2. Properties of minerals 3. Rocks 3.1. Magmatic rocks 3.2. Metamorphic rocks 3.3. Sedimentary rocks 3.4.

More information

Monday, April 21, 2014 Minerals Intro

Monday, April 21, 2014 Minerals Intro Monday, April 21, 2014 Minerals Intro Warm Up: 1) Update Planners! 2) Reminders: STAAR Math tomorrow STAAR Reading Wednesday Do you know your testing room? Apr 21 7:21 AM Minerals Naturally occurring and

More information

1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc

1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 2. Which material is made mostly of the mineral quartz? A) sulfuric acid B) pencil lead C) plaster of paris D)

More information

(1) naturally occurring (2) inorganic (3) solid that has a (4) definite chemical composition and (5) crystal structure

(1) naturally occurring (2) inorganic (3) solid that has a (4) definite chemical composition and (5) crystal structure Page 1 (1) naturally occurring (2) inorganic (3) solid that has a (4) definite chemical composition and (5) crystal structure quartz, pyrite cement, steel not formed from living things or the remains of

More information

Mineral Properties and Identification

Mineral Properties and Identification Mineral Properties and Identification Introductory Geology Lab GEOL 101 Ray Rector - Instructor http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/mineral_id/index.html MINERAL INQUIRY I. What are Minerals? How do minerals

More information