Lab Final Review 4/16/18

Transcription

1 Lab Final Review 4/16/18

2 Overall goals from lab Think about geology on recent timescales, predict the direction change Be able to identify how different landforms or patterns (e.g. drainage patterns, dune types) indicate processes Gain skills in reading topo maps and Google Earth imagery Learn field surveying techniques and calculations to estimate current processes and historic context (Manning s, continuity, flood frequency) Devise your own experiment, recognize assumptions and limitations, and interpret findings Logical double checks (evaluating the whether a given result is reasonable)

3 Recommended review Old labs! Let me know if you have questions about incorrect answers Background at beginning of lab especially useful Textbook/Ellen s slides good for visuals Practice know how to draw hypsometric curve, hydrograph, read flood frequency and grain size curves, convert units Practice asking yourself: does this make sense based on what I know?

4 Lab 1 Maps How do we get a percent gradient? Degrees? Which scale is larger-1/125,000 or 1/62,500?

5 Lab 2 Google Earth Slope Aspect Know aspect related differences (review your results for vegetation, steepness, soil depth)

6 Lab 3 Greyrock trip Understand basic surveying methods How do slope profiles differ under different process regimes (debris flow, bedrock, fluvial, etc?) How do grain sizes/sorting vary between these slopes?

7 Lab 4 Drainage Basins Know how to trace general outline of a basin/where streams flow (even when not drawn) Stream order-strahler (two 1s make a 2, two 2s make a 3) Shreve-additive Know how to calculate different drainage basin metrics (drainage density, relief ratio)

8 Review idealized examples and your own plots

9 Lab 5 Quaternary Stratigraphy

10 Key indicators of fluvial versus hillslope processes Be able to support your interpretations with evidence Understand lateral continuity, imbrication, abruptness or smoothness of boundary and how they relate to process

11 Lab 7 fluvial landforms Drainage patterns reflect underlying landscape and process (e.g. rectangular follows jointing) Measure sinuosity and understand why lateral migration occurs What causes braiding? Terraces what do they look like on a map/in a photo

12 Flood metrics and attenuation Probabilistic approach based on historic record (e.g. 10 year flood has a 10% chance of occurring each year) P=1/RI Attenuation what does it look like on a hydrograph, why does it happen?

13 Lab 8 Fluvial and Karst Know characteristic karst topography Where is karst topography likely?

14 Lab 9 Arid and Eolian Bajadas versus alluvial fans (I won t trick you) Playa lake Need high evaporation rates, as well as closed basin (no outlet) Bolsons are large surrounding area that encompasses playa Understand landscape evolution Balance of fluvial and eolian processes

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16 Lab 10 glacial Erosional versus depositional, alpine vs. continental Review handout! Be able to identify and name landforms Characteristic shapes of glacial and fluvial valleys What does glacial sediment look like?

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18 Lab 11 Poudre Field trip Know how to calculate area, hydraulic radius, etc. from cross section Identify high water marks Understand how to read grain size plot, flood frequency curve Bankfull discharge indicators Is Bankfull useful for all rivers? Be able to use continuity and manning s equations (units!)