Room 101. Computer Processed Interpretation, CPI GRRRRrrrrrrrr!!!!

Transcription

1 You asked me once, what was in Room 101. I told you that you knew the answer already. Everyone knows it. The thing that is in Room 101 is the worst thing in the world. O'Brien, Part III, Chapter V George Orwell, 1984 Room 101

2 Room 101 Computer Processed Interpretation, CPI GRRRRrrrrrrrr!!!!

3 Room 101 Computer Processed Interpretation, CPI GRRRRrrrrrrrr!!!! plus Workflow & Visualisation

4 CPI, why not? No longer 1975 Flares, Ford Cortinas and Glam Rock all in the dustbin Made by Boffin in darkened room, no mates Goodbye CPI

5 Joined Up Rock & Fluid Description

6 Generalised Workflow Identify Reservoir Rocks Porous and Permeable Cuttings Descriptions from Mud Logs, Petrography Invasion indicators Mud Cake, Resistivity Profile, SP, NMR T2 distribution Core Descriptions, Core Analysis Formation Tops & Analogues. Identify Mobile Fluid Phase - Water, Oil or Gas? Mud Logs, Oil & Gas Shows Formation Tester, Pressures and Samples Flow Tests. Calculate Parameters - Net Thickness, Porosity, FWL, Saturation Height Log Analysis CPI, Core Porosity, Core Capillary Pressures. Quantify Permeability Flow Tests & Build-Ups, Production Logs, Core Permeability, Formation Tester, NMR, PoroPerm Trends.

7 Generalised Workflow Identify Reservoir Rocks Porous and Permeable Cuttings Descriptions from Mud Logs, Petrography Invasion indicators Mud Cake, Resistivity Profile, SP, NMR T2 distribution Core Descriptions, Core Analysis Formation Tops & Analogues Talk, Read, Observe & Plot Identify Mobile Fluid Phase - Water, Oil or Gas? Mud Logs, Oil & Gas Shows Formation Tester, Pressures and Samples Flow Tests Talk, Read, Observe & Plot Calculate Parameters - Net Thickness, Porosity, FWL, Saturation Height Log Analysis CPI, Core Porosity, Core Capillary Pressures Calculate, Optimise, Numerical Results, Confidence & Uncertainty Quantify Permeability Flow Tests & Build-Ups, Production Logs, Core Permeability, Formation Tester, NMR, PoroPerm Trends Talk, Talk More & Think

8 The Reality of Log Analysis Training Identify Reservoir Rocks Porous and Permeable Cuttings Descriptions from Mud Logs, Petrography Invasion indicators Mud Cake, Resistivity Profile, SP, NMR T2 distribution Core Descriptions, Core Analysis Formation Tops & Analogues Read, Plot, Observe, Talk Identify Mobile Fluid Phase - Water, Oil or Gas? Mud Logs, Oil & Gas Shows Formation Tester, Pressures and Samples Flow Tests Plot, Observe, Talk Calculate Parameters - Net Thickness, Porosity, ~Sw FWL, Saturation Height Log Analysis CPI, Core Porosity, Core Capillary Pressures Calculate, Optimise, Numerical Results, Confidence & Uncertainty Quantify Permeability Flow Tests & Build-Ups, Production Logs, Core Permeability, Formation Tester, NMR, PoroPerm Trends Talk, Talk More & Think

9 Today s Talk Identify Reservoir Rocks Porous and Permeable Cuttings Descriptions from Mud Logs, Petrography Invasion indicators Mud Cake, Resistivity Profile, SP, NMR T2 distribution Core Descriptions, Core Analysis Formation Tops & Analogues Talk, Read, Observe & Plot Identify Mobile Fluid Phase - Water, Oil or Gas? Mud Logs, Oil & Gas Shows Formation Tester, Pressures and Samples Flow Tests Talk, Read, Observe & Plot Calculate Parameters - Net Thickness, Porosity, FWL, Saturation Height Log Analysis CPI, Core Porosity, Core Capillary Pressures Calculate, Optimise, Numerical Results, Confidence & Uncertainty Quantify Permeability Flow Tests & Build-Ups, Production Logs, Core Permeability, Formation Tester, NMR, PoroPerm Trends Talk, Talk More & Think

10 Identifying Permeable Zones & Fluids Resistivity Invasion Profile

11 Water Based Mud Invasion Railway Lines = Water Pers comm Yves Orlandi Warri Nigeria 1981

12 Water Based Mud Invasion Finding Missed Oil in Old Wells Note the Resistivity scale is now 0.2 to 20 ohmm (Invasion invisible at 0.2 to 2000 ohmm) Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil No Porosity Logs Recorded GR generally featurless Low GR & Higher resistivity Tight limestones capping Sst reservoirs Environmental corrections important For Micro and Laterolog devices when looking in detail

13 Identifying Permeable Zones Mud Cake & Caliper

14 Water Saturation Total PHIT & BVWT PHIT / SWT Example

15 Caliper & Gamma Ray Water Saturation Total PHIT & BVWT Sometimes there is a clear build up of Mud Cake which is easily identified from the Caliper Caliper = Bit Size Therefore No Mudcake Mud Cake in Invaded Zones

16 Caliper & Gamma Ray Water Saturation Total PHIT & BVWT Sometimes there is a clear build up of Mud Cake which is easily identified from the Caliper Default Caliper scale is 10 across the track. Try with a scale of 1 across the track Try some area coding to highlight washouts and Mudcake Caliper = Bit Size Therefore No Mudcake Mud Cake in Invaded Zones

17 Caliper & Gamma Ray Water Saturation Total PHIT & BVWT CUT-OFF Results Kill PHIT & SWT IF no mud cake

18 Gas and Oil Shows

19 Zone #1

20 Zone #1 12 Sept 2013

21 Zone #1: With Shows Fluorescence: Dull Gold, Straw, Light Brown. Very Low or No Gas. Well Test: ~20 API ~100cp ~100 BOPD

22 Zone #2: Colours & Shows Fluorescence: Gold, Dull Yellow, Some Gas response Well Test: ~22 API ~40cp ~60 BOPD 12 Sept 2013

23 Zone #3: Colours & Shows Fluorescence: Bright Yellow, Strong Gas Response. Well Test: ~32 API ~1400 BOPD 12 Sept 2013

24 Zone #4: Colours & Shows Fluorescence: Bright Yellow to White, Strong Gas Response. Well Test: ~36 API ~1600 BOPD 12 Sept 2013

25 Cuttings Descriptions & Petrography

26 Observed Lithology Interpreted Lithology Cuttings Descriptions

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29 Formation Tester Fluid Gradients

30 Depth, Metres TVDss Plotting FT Pressures with LINES Reservoir Pressure Depleted by about 120psi, Well-1 RFT Strain Gauge Well-2 SFT HP Gauge Well-4 Gas Gradient, g/cc Oil Gradient, g/cc Water Gradient, 1.16 g/cc Gas Water Contacts Oil Water Contacts XPT RFT Pressure PSIA

31 Joined-up Fluid Gradients Well-1 RFT Strain Gauge Well-2 SFT HP Gauge Well-4 Gas Gradient, g/cc Oil Gradient, g/cc Water Gradient, 1.16 g/cc Gas Water Contacts Oil Water Contacts PVT Report Pres, Tres Water Analysis TDS? Tres, Pres Mud Logs Bright Yellow / White Flouresence Strong Gas Shows Wetness & Balance?

32 Joined Up Rock & Fluid Description Investigate, Integrate & Communicate ALL data types