2018 Geography Mock Examination

Transcription

1 2018 Geography Mock Examination Your Geography mock examination will test your understanding of Paper 1 (Living with the physical environment) and Section B (Fieldwork) from Paper 2. Attached are the necessary learning checklists for both examinations. I have detailed below the topics you need to revise. o Paper 1 Living with the physical environment (1 hour and 30 minute Mock) Section A: The challenge of natural hazards Tectonic Hazards, Weather Hazards and Climate Change Section B: The living world Ecosystems, Tropical Rainforests and Hot Deserts Section C: Physical landscapes in the UK River Landscapes and Glacial Landscapes DO NOT ANSWER THE QUESTION ON COASTAL LANDSCAPES IN THE UK o Paper 3 Geographical Applications (45 minute Mock) Section B: Fieldwork

2 PAPER 1- PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY PAPER SECTION A The challenge of Natural Hazards Natural and tectonic hazards 100% confident I am okay with this, some work needed Definitely need more revision Natural hazards pose major risks to people and property o I know the definition of a natural hazard. o I know the types of natural hazard. o I know the factors affective hazard risk. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes o I know plate tectonic theory. o I know the global distribution of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and their relationship to plate margin. o I know the physical processes taking place at different types of plate margin (constructive, destructive and conservative) that lead to earthquakes and volcanic activity. The effects of, and responses to, a tectonic hazard vary between areas of contrasting levels of wealth. o I know the primary and secondary effects of tectonic hazards and know the immediate and long term responses to a tectonic hazard.

3 o I know named examples to show how the effect and responses to a tectonic hazard vary between two areas of contrasting levels of wealth. (Iceland an Niragongo) Management can reduce the effects of tectonic hazard o I know the reasons why people continue to live in area at risk from tectonic hazards. o I know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the risks from a tectonic hazard. Section 2 - Weather 100% confident I am okay with this, some work needed Definitely need more revision Global atmospheric circulation helps determine pattern of weather and climate o I now about general atmospheric circulation model: pressure belts and surface winds. Tropical storms (hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons) develop as a result of particular physical conditions. o I know the global distribution of tropical storms (hurricanes,, cyclones, typhoons) o I have an understanding of the relationship between tropical storms and general atmospheric circulation. o I know the causes of tropical storms. o I know the sequence of the formation and development of a tropical

4 storm. o I know the structure and features of a tropical storm. o I know how climate change might affect the distribution, frequency and intensity of tropical storms. Tropical storms have significant effects on people and the environment. o I know the primary and secondary effects of tropical storms. o I know the immediate and long-term responses to tropical storms. o I can use a named example of a tropical storm to show its effects and responses (Hurricane Katrina). o I know how monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms. The UK is affected by a number of weather hazards. o I understand the types of weather hazard experiences in the UK. o I know an example of a recent extreme weather event in the UK to illustrate: Causes Social, economic and environmental impacts How management strategies can reduce the risk. Case study: Beast from the East o I understand evidence that weather is becoming more extreme in the UK.

5 Section 3 - Climate change 100% confident I am okay with this, some work needed Definitely need more revision Climate change is the result of natural and human factors, and has a range of effects. o I can give evidence for climate change from the beginning of the Quaternary period to the present day. o I know possible causes of climate change: Natural factors orbital changes, volcanic activity and solar output. Human factors use of fossil fuels, agriculture and deforestation. o I understand the effects of climate change on people and the environment. Managing climate change involves both mitigation (reducing causes) and adaptation (responding to change). o I understand mitigation alternative energy production, carbon capture, planting trees, international agreements. o I understand adaptation change in agriculture systems, managing water supply, reducing risk from rising sea levels.

6 SECTION B The Living world Ecosystems 100% confide nt Ecosystems exist at a range of scales and involve the interaction between living and non-living components o I understand the following key terms: producers, consumers, decomposers, food chain, food web and nutrient cycling. o I know an example of a small scale UK ecosystem showing interrelationships of living and non-living components. o I understand the impact on the ecosystem from changing one component o I have an overview of the locations and characteristics of a large scale natural global ecosystem. More revision I do not know this

7 Tropical rainforests have a range of distinctive characteristics o I know the physical characteristics of a tropical rainforest Tropical Rainforests 100% confide nt o I understand the interdependence of climate, water, soil, plants, animals and people. o I understand how plants and animals adapt to physical conditions. o I know about issues relating to biodiversity. Deforestation has economic and environmental impacts- CASE STUDY Malaysian Rainforest o I know about the changing rates of deforestation. o Using a case study of a tropical rainforest I can explain the causes of deforestation and the impacts. Particular causes include: subsistence/commercial farming, logging, road building, mineral extraction, energy, development, settlement and population growth. Particular impacts include: economic development, soil erosion and contribution to climate change. Tropical rainforests need to be managed to be sustainable o To understand the value of tropical rainforests to people and the environment. o To know management strategies such as: selective logging/replanting, conservation and education, ecotourism, debt reduction and international agreements about the use of tropical hardwoods. More revision I do not know this

8 Hot Deserts (DO NOT REFER TO COLD ENVIRONMENTS!) 100% confide nt Hot desert ecosystems have a range of distinctive characteristics o I know the physical characteristics of a hot desert (climate, plants and animals). o I know how the climate, water, soils, plants, animals and people are all linked. o I know how plants and animals adapt to the physical conditions. o I know the issues relating to the biodiversity of hot deserts. Development of hot desert environments creates opportunities and challenges. o I know the location of the Thar Desert. o I know and can explain the development opportunities in the Thar Desert, for example, opportunities for mineral extraction, energy, farming and tourism. o I know and can explain the challenges involved with developing in the Thar Desert, for example, extreme temperatures, water supply, and inaccessibility. Areas on the fringe of hot deserts are at risk of desertification. o I know and can explain the causes of desertification climate change, population growth, removal of fuel wood, overgrazing, over-cultivation and soil erosion. o I can explain a range of strategies used to reduce the risk of desertification, including water and soil management, tree planting and use of appropriate technology. More revision I do not know this

9 SECTION C Physical Landscapes in the UK River Landscapes There are no 9 mark exam questions in this section of the exam (max 6 marks) The UK has a range of diverse landscapes. o I can give an overview of the location of major upland and lowland areas and rivers in the UK. The shape of the river valley changes as it flows downstream. o I know the long profile and changing cross profile of a river and its valley. o I know the processes of fluvial erosion: hydraulic action abrasion, attrition, solution, vertical and lateral erosion. o I know the processes of river transportation: traction, saltation, suspension and solution. o I know the processes of fluvial deposition and why rivers deposit sediment. Distinctive river landforms result from different physical processes. o I know the characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from erosion, e.g. interlocking spurs, waterfalls and gorges. o I know the characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from erosion and deposition, e.g. meanders and ox-bow lakes. o I know the characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from deposition, e.g. levees, flood plains and estuaries. 100% confident I am okay with this, some work needed Definitely need more revision

10 o I know a case study / example of a section of a river valley in the UK to identify its major landforms of erosion and deposition. RIVER TEES. Different management strategies can be used to protect river landscapes from the effects of flooding. o I know how physical and human factors affect the flood risk, e.g. precipitation, geology, relief and land use. o I understand the use of hydrographs to show the relationship between precipitation (rainfall) and discharge (volume of water in a river). o I know the costs and benefits of the following hard engineering management strategies: dams and reservoirs, channel straightening, embankments and flood relief channels. o I know the costs and benefits of the following soft engineering management strategies: flood warnings and preparation, flood plain zoning, planting trees and river restoration. o I know a case study / example of a flood management scheme in the UK to show why the scheme was required. o I know a case study / example of a flood management scheme in the UK to show the management strategy. o I know a case study/example of a flood management scheme in the UK to show the social, economic and environmental issues.

11 Glacial Landscapes There are no 9 mark exam questions in this section of the exam (max 6 marks) 100% confide nt More revision I do not know this Ice was a powerful force in shaping the physical landscape of the UK. o I know the maximum extent of ice cover across the UK during the last ice age. o I know and understand the following glacial processes: freeze-thaw weathering, erosion- abrasion and plucking, transportation- rotational slip and bulldozing, deposition- why glaciers deposit sediment (till and outwash). Distinctive glacial landforms result from different physical processes. o I know and can explain the formation of the landforms resulting from erosion corries, arêtes, pyramidal peak, truncated spurs, glacial troughs, ribbon lakes and hanging valleys. o I know and can explain the formation of landforms resulting from erosion and deposition, erratic s, drumlins, types of moraine. o I know an example of an upland area in the UK (LAKE DISTRICT) affected by glaciation. I can identify its major landforms of erosion and deposition. Glaciated upland areas provide opportunities for different economic activities, and management strategies can be used to reduce land use conflicts. o I can name the economic activities in glaciated upland areas tourism, farming, forestry and quarrying. o I understand how conflicts can arise between different land uses and between development and conservation. o I can use the Lake District as an example of how a glaciated area can be used for tourism. - I know the attractions for tourism in this area & Social, economic and environmental impacts of tourism - Strategies used to manage the impact of tourism.

12 Suitable question for geographical enquiry Paper 3 Section B - Fieldwork 100% confide nt o I know the factors that need to be considered when selecting suitable questions/hypotheses for geographical enquiry. o I know the geographical theory/concept underpinning the River Derwent enquiry and the Keswick enquiry. o I know examples of appropriate sources of primary and secondary evidence, including locations for fieldwork we did in the Lake District. o I know the potential risks of both human and physical fieldwork and how these risks might be reduced. Selecting, measuring and recording data appropriate to the chosen enquiry o I know Difference between primary and secondary data. More revision I do not know this o I know how to measure and record data using different sampling methods. o I can describe and justify of data collection methods. Describing, analysing and explaining fieldwork data o I can describe, analyse and explain the results of my fieldwork data for the River Derwent enquiry and the Keswick enquiry. o I can establish links between data sets. o I can use appropriate statistical techniques (mean, median, and mode).

13 o I can identify anomalies in fieldwork data. Reaching conclusions - I can draw evidenced conclusions in relation to original aims of both enquiries. Evaluation of geographical enquiry - I can identify problems of data collection methods for both enquiries. - I can identify limitations of the data collected. - I can suggest other data that might be useful. - I know the extent to which my conclusions were reliable.