Mesoscale Processes over the Shelf and Slope in SW06
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1 Mesoscale Processes over the Shelf and Slope in SW06 Glen Gawarkiewicz Andrey Shcherbina Frank Bahr Craig Marquette Physical Oceanography Dept. WHOI
2 Collaborators and Thanks Jim Lynch, Arthur Newhall WHOI Phil Abbot, Chris Emerson OASIS Inc. Scott Glenn, Donglai Gong Rutgers Many thanks to the people who organized the experiment and deployed all the moorings we slalomed around
3 Outline Overview of AWACS Program and coordinated sampling for SW06 Alongshelf variability before TS Ernesto: Slope Water intrusions onto the shelf Acoustic implications: continuity of the Cold Pool duct Shelfbreak frontal structure due to warm core ring interactions Contrasting eddies: NEST May 2007
4 AWACS Program Concept of Autonomous Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) Build-test-build components and algorithms for an AWACS of quiet surrogate targets operating in littoral, for Spring and Fall Experiments 2007 Develop mobile acoustic sources Explore capabilities of REMUS and Glider towed arrays Develop algorithms for adaptive sampling, search and data assimilation Explore the limits of Detection Classification Localization (DCL) signal processing Explore and develop command and control based on adaptive sampling
5 Initial Plans- Scanfish focuses On alongshelf, Gliders focus on Cross-shelf sampling Preliminary Ocean Sampling Plans for AWACS/SW06 Glider, Scanfish Track and HU Low-Res Model Harvard Box (100kmx100km) G3 G2 G1 G5 G4 G6 Scanfish Track
6 AWACS Objectives in SW06 Night-time high-resolution Scanfish surveys to map front Use of Environmental keys (depth of mid-depth duct, foot of front, frontal position at 40 m depth) to determine mobile acoustic source track Determine impact of smaller-scale oceanographic features on TL
7 Primary Tools- Scanfish and OASIS Mobile Acoustic Source Scanfish- Undulates m OASIS Mobile Acoustic Ship Speed 6 knots CTD, fluorescense, oxygen, light trans. Source Operated at 150 db
8 New Jersey Climatology Foot of front at 80 m isobath in summer (34.0 Salinity)
9 SST: 8/25/06 Large Slope Eddy adjacent to Shelfbreak
10 Temperature and Salinity along 1000 m isobath High salinities show that slope eddy is present over full 30 km of offshore transect Strong thermocline at 40 m depth with Deg C water down to 120 m
11 Water Mass Properties at 1000 m isobath and Velocities at 45 m depth Blue and green points- T/S Points before Ernesto T range Deg C S range Slope eddy imposes onshore Offshore flows at 1000 m isob. Strengthens/Weakens SBF
12 August 25-Temperature at 40 m Strongest cross-shelf Gradients between 80 and 100 m isobaths High Values- 22 Deg C Thermal boundary of front at 70 m isobath in Southwest portion of grid
13 August 25- Salinity at 40 m High salinities over Upper slope Maximum gradients Between 80 and 100 m isobaths Penetration of saline water reaches 80 m isobath in southwest portion of grid
14 Temperature and Salinity along 80 m isobath- August 25 Strong mid-depth temperature Minimum (Cold Pool duct) Much weaker thermocline in SW Saline intrusion (> 35) along thermocline and along bottom
15 Recurrence of Saline Intrusions- August 28 Soundspeed along 80 m High soundspeed= Saline Intrusion Soundspeed at local minimum (K. Moore- URI)
16 OMAS Tracks- August 28 and 29 8/29 8/28 OMAS tracks along 80 m isobath running back and forth three times
17 TL vs. Range along 80 m isobath- August 28 SW06, 8/28/06 OMAS Run, 900 Hz, DIFAR1, Peak TL vs Range With Mean and Distribution About the Mean, Track 1 Increased TL as OMAS crosses saline intrusion
18 SALINITY 26 Aug Aug 06 RU12 RU10 RU01 RU11 RU05 RU07 Donglai Gong- Rutgers Four types of Saline intrusions
19 Shelfbreak Frontal Structure August 27 Temperature Salinity Density Jet Core 40 m depth Alongshelf Velocity
20 Saline Intrusions as an adjustment process Salinity Field from Cross-shelf transect, August Salinity field from Adjustment problem With observed T/S Profiles to initialize ( dam-break )
21 New England Shelfbreak Test May 2007 Slope Eddy Offshore Duct Slope Eddy adjacent to shelfbreak front Core of eddy located at depths of m Cold Pool duct extends in upper 70 m above core of eddy Duct is more pronounced in eastern section
22 Conclusions Slope eddy had large impact on along-shelf variability at 80 m isobath Pycnocline salinity intrusions also had temperature and density signals Increased TL as propagation crosses saline intrusion Sub-surface jet and reversal of density gradients from m depth may drive saline intrusions
23 Density Along 80 m isobath August 25
24 Along-shelf and Cross-shelf velocities at 80 m isobath August 25 Onshore velocity of 10 cm/s in SW- offshore velocity over most of the section Alongshelf flow to SW peak of 30 cm/s consistent with onshore meandering of frontal jet
25 Alongslope and Cross-slope velocities at 1000 m isobath- August 25 Purple- to Northeast Purple- Offshore NE alongslope flows of cm/s Contour interval 10 cm/s Onshore flow on SW side with maximum velocities of 30 cm/s
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