Research Conference Presentation. Benny Do MSc 2017 Spring

Transcription

1 Research Conference Presentation Benny Do MSc 2017 Spring

2 Title of Topic Sustainable relationship between heritage management and tourism development: Using heritage conservation to promote tourism to Ha Long Bay, Vietnam.

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4 Table of Content Contribution of the research Background Information Rationale Aim and Objectives Literature Review Methodology Challenges & Limitation Next Steps Discussion References

5 Contribution of the research To assist managers, developers, policymakers of cultural heritage management and tourism development in adjusting policies, directions, strategies and management tools to be more appropriate, effective and realistic with the dynamic reality. To introduce a new approach to the management of conservation and preservation of Ha Long Bay To improve the cooperation between cultural heritage management and tourism development towards the conservation and sustainable tourism of natural and cultural heritage in Ha Long Bay. To lead communication in Vietnam and the world to gain a deeper insight which close more to dynamic realities at heritage sites in Ha Long Bay.

6 Background Information Ha Long Bay Information - An UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site with aesthetic in 1994 and geologicalgeomorphological in 2000 (UNESCO, 2017). - One of the most beautiful bays in the world from 2014 (World Bays, 2017). - The centre of a large area with similar elements in geology, geomorphology, landscape, climate and culture (Galla, 2001; Galla, 2002). - It is not only the natural heritage, but it also has cultural value with tourism potential (Galla, 2002).

7 Background Information Culture heritage: - The great vitality of nation which was created in the past, need to be protected, maintained and promoted in the social development (McKercher & du Cros, 2002). - The invaluable asset (Timothy & Boyd, 2003). - It includes tangible and intangible sources (Swensen, Jerpåsen, Sæter & Tveit, 2013; du Cros & McKercher, 2014; Galla, 2001).

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9 Background Information Tourism in Ha Long Bay - It became a key economic sector which contribute to economic growth and development in the process of industrialization and modernization (Long, 2012). - Heritage is a significant fulcrum to make the solid steps for the present and the future of Ha Long s tourism (Galla, 2002; Long, 2012). - There are many tourism activities based on the heritage (Galla, 2002; Long, 2012; Ha Long Travel Guide, 2017). - At the same time with development, heritage sites of Ha Long Bay are being destroyed by tourism (Lloyd & Morgan, 2008).

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12 Rationale Many countries around the world, including Vietnam, are facing with many embarrassing situation in handling relationship between the management of cultural heritage and tourism development (McKercher, Ho & du Cros, 2005; Porter & Salazar, 2005; Mansfeld & Korman, 2015). In Vietnam, Heritage Management Committee are mainly responsible for the conservation of cultural heritage and tourism department exploit this heritage for the purpose of economic development (Galla, 2001; Lloyd & Morgan, 2008). Conflict and uncooperative origination from different perspectives (McKercher & du Cros, 2002). The limitations of policies and management mechanisms, management capabilities (Clements & Georgiou, 1998). Ha Long Bay is having many risks in terms of conservation and preserving a natural heritage of the world in the challenges of both environment and human beings.

13 Aim & Objectives Aim: This research explore the relationship between heritage management and tourism development as a basis for building a real partnership between the conservation and promotion for heritage values of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. Objectives: To investigate the factors of heritage conservation that challenge the tourism development strategies in Ha Long Bay. To analyse opportunities for the development of heritage conservation in Ha Long Bay. To evaluate the responsibilities of tourism stakeholders in term of heritage tourism in Ha Long Bay.

14 Literature Review The value of heritage and the issues of protection and management of it: Cultural and natural heritage is one of the most invaluable and irreplaceable assets, not of a single nation but of the whole of humanity (McKercher & du Cros, 2002; Leask & Fyall, 2006; Timothy, 2011). As a result of human creativity and handed down through generations, cultural heritage indicates about the existence of human beings through different historical periods, traditions, creeds, way of life, knowledge and scientific achievements (McKercher & du Cros, 2002; Leask & Fyall, 2006; Timothy, 2011). The heritage needs to be protected and managed in a sustainable way to ensure that it will continue to exist and to be a symbol of unceasing creativity of human(tuan & Navrud, 2008; Timothy & Ron, 2013; Zhang, Fyall & Zheng, 2015). The economic activities of tourism that threaten Ha Long Bay: - The development and trade of tourism products associated with preserving and promoting the heritage are fragmented. - The environment of Ha Long Bay is threatened by coal mining, encroachment and aquaculture. - Water pollution is likely to increase complexity as both offshore and onshore wastes, which are unregulated by waterborne transportation, oil pollution, emissions from industrial facilities and services like hotels, restaurant, etc. - The awareness of protection to heritage environment of tourists and local communities is not high. - The number of beggars is raising with their target is tourists.

15 Literature Review The dynamics of the relationship between management of cultural heritage and tourism development in HaLong Bay. There are the four different status of relationship, which consist of cooperation, coercion, coexistence and dissatisfaction (McKercher, Ho & du Cros, 2005; Meskell, Liuzza, Bertacchini & Saccone, 2014). Factors affecting the relationship between management of cultural heritage and tourism. The diversity of stakeholders (Aas, Ladkin & Fletcher, 2005; Leask & Fyall, 2006; King & Halpenny, 2014). The diversity of cultural heritage (Arizpe, 2004; Langfield, Logan & Craith, 2010; Logan, 2012). Balance between heritage conservation and tourism development (Garrod & Fyall, 2000; McKercher & du Cros, 2002; Loulanski & Loulanski, 2016). The problem of model building cooperation between management of cultural heritage and tourism development in Ha Long Bay. The contradiction between conservation and development is seen as the confrontation of the natural consequence that managers in both disciplines always see (McKercher & du Cros, 2002; Zhang, Zhou, Wu, Skitmore & Deng, 2014; Zhang, Fyall & Zheng, 2015). The state between cultural heritage management and tourism development in Ha Long Bay is a coexistence because of the many situations in the work that need to be solved. This is positive, but it is not a true cooperative status (Lloyd & Morgan, 2008).

16 Methodology Approach: Qualitative Method. Data Collection: Open-interview (Internet, Telephone). Respondents: Local government department, tourist agencies, tourist boards, local people.

17 Challenges and Limitations Time consuming. Difficulty on the way to collect data (especially government). Dishonest participants. Almost information provided of Ha Long Bay is not in English. Limitation of previous research paper. It is hard to find a model for this research. How can this research contribute to the destination when it is the work of government?

18 Next Steps Discussion Research method & questions Data collection & analysis Recommendation & Conclusion

19 Discussion Do you have any recommendation for the methodology part?

20 References Arizpe, L. (2004).. Intangible Cultural Heritage, Diversity and Coherence. Museum International, 56(1-2), doi: /j x. Aas, C., Ladkin, A. & Fletcher, J. (2005). Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management. Annals of tourism research, 32(1), doi: /j.annals Clements, M. A. & Georgiou, A. (1998). The impact of political instability on a fragile tourism product. Tourism Management, 19(3), Garrod, B. & Fyall, A. (2000). Managing heritage tourism. Annals of Tourism Rearch, 27(3), doi: /S (99) Galla, A. (2001). Heritage and tourism in sustainable development: Ha Long Bay case study. Culture Heritage, man and tourism: Report of the Asia-Europe Seminar Hanoi (Vietnam). Galla, A. (2002). Culture and Heritage in development: Ha Long Ecomuseum, a case study from Vietnam. Humanities Research, 9(1). King, L. M & Halpenny, E. A. (2014). Communicating the World Heritage brand: visitor awareness of UNESCO's World Heritage symbol and the implications for sites, stakeholders and sustainable management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(5), Logan, W.. (2012). Cultural diversity, cultural heritage and human rights: towards heritage management as human rights-based cultural practice. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 18(3), doi: / Leask, A. & Fyall, A. (2006). Managing World Heritage Sites. Lloyd, K. & Morgan, C. (2008) Murky Waters: Tourism, Heritage and the Development of the Ecomuseum in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 3(1), doi: / X Langfield, M., Logan, W. & Craith, M. N. (2010). Cultural diversity, heritage and human rights: intersections in theory and practice. Routledge. Long, P. H. (2012). Tourism Impacts and Support for Tourism Development in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam: An Examination of Residents Perceptions. Asian Social Science, 8(8), doi: /ass.v8n8p28. Loulanski, V. & Loulanski, T. (2016). Interdisciplinary Integration of Heritage Studies and Sustainable Development. Tourism and Culture in the Age of Innovation, McKercher, B. & du Cros, H. (2002). Cultural Tourism: The Partnership Between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management. New York and London: Routledge. McKercher, B., Ho, P. S. Y. & du Cros, H. (2005). Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong. Tourism Management, 26(4), doi: /j.tourman Meskell, L., Liuzza, C., Bertacchini, E. & Saccone, D. (2014). Multilateralism and UNESCO World Heritage: decision-making, States Parties and political processes. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 21(5), Timothy, D. J. & Boyd, S. W. (2003). Heritage tourism. Pearson Education. Tuan, T. H. & Navrud, S. (2008). Capturing the benefits of preserving cultural heritage. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 9, doi: /j.culher Timothy, D. J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism: an introduction. Bristol: Channel View Publications. Timothy, D. J. & Ron, A. S. (2013). Understanding heritage cuisines and tourism: identity, image, authenticity, and change. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 8(2-3), doi: / X UNESCO (2017). Ha Long Bay. Retrieved February , from World Bays (2017). The Most Beautiful Bays in the World. Retrieved from Zhang, X., Zhou, L., Wu, Y., Skitmore, M. & Deng, Z. (2014). Resolving the conflicts of sustainable world heritage landscapes in cities: Fully open or limited access for visitors?. Habitat International, 46, doi: /j.habitatint Zhang, C., Fyall, A. & Zheng, Y. (2015). Heritage and tourism conflict within world heritage sites in China: a longitudinal study. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(2), doi: /