May 18, Dear AP Human Geography Student,

Transcription

1 May 18, 2018 Dear AP Human Geography Student, This fall many exciting challenges and opportunities await you in AP Human Geography. As the title indicates, this is a college-level course. Its format follows that of survey classes in many colleges and universities. In addition, college credit may be obtained if a student scores a 3, 4, or 5 on the AP examination in May. AP Human Geography brings with it a significant amount of reading. With this in mind, please plan other academic courses and activities accordingly. Every assignment or project given by the instructor is done with the College Board AP Exam in mind. If you have any questions about the course please arrange to see Ms. Kittle at school, if we are still in session, or through . In preparation for the college-level manner in which AP Human Geography operates, you, the student, need to contact the instructor if you have any questions. You will need to obtain the required textbook and review book for the course before the first day of school. Information on these required texts is included below. Sincerely, Tara Kittle Upper School History The First Academy tarakittle@thefirstacademy.org

2 AP Human Geography Required Texts School Year AP Human Geography Textbook (Required) The Cultural Landscape: An Intro to Human Geography, 12 th Edition, AP Edition by James M. Rubenstein ISBN-13: AP Human Geography Review Book (Required) AP Human Geography: Preparing for the Advanced Placement Examination, AMSCO Publishers, 2017 ISBN-13:

3 AP Human Geography Summer Assignment Due Date: First Day of School, 2018 Please complete the reading guide as you read through Chapter 1 of The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography, 12 th Edition Key Issue 1: Why Is Geography a Science? Pages Define map: 2. What is the science of mapmaking called? 3. What are the two purposes that maps serve? 4. Who first used the term geography? What does the term geography mean? 5. Provide examples of the developments in geography for each of the following: Chinese Muslims

4 Age of Discovery (16 th Century) 6. Define remote sensing. 7. List several things that geographers can map using remotely sensed dat 8. Complete the following regarding a Global Positioning System (GPS): Elements/ Components Use/ Implementation 9. Geographers use GIS (Geographic Information Systems) to store layers of dat Give four examples of types of data stored in a single layer.

5 b. c. d. 10. Explain a mashup in relation to geography and GIS. 11. Define scale: What is the advantage of a map which shows only a small portion of the earth s surface (such as a neighborhood), also known as a largescale map? b. What advantage does a map that shows the entire globe, a small-scale map, have? 12. When geographers convert the Earth into a flat map, they use a projection. All projections have some distortion (only a globe has none). List the four things that typically become distorted in various projections and explain the distortion. b. c.

6 13. Two important projections are the Mercator and the Robinson. Complete the chart below to compare their advantages and disadvantages. Advantages Mercator Robinson Disadvantages 14. What place is designated as 0 degrees longitude? 15. What is the name for the line drawn at 0 degrees longitude? 16. What is the name for the line drawn at 0 degrees latitude? 17. How is a degree of longitude or latitude further subdivided? Give an example. 18. How many degrees of longitude do you need to travel across to pass through one hour of time (or one time zone)? 19. How many time zones are there?

7 20. What is the longitude of the International Date Line? Key Issue 2: Why Is Each Point on Earth Unique? Pages Define toponym: 2. Identify four ways in which a place can receive names. 3. Define site: 4. List some site characteristics: 5. Define situation: 6. What role do familiar places have in understanding the situation of an unfamiliar place? 7. A region is an of defined by one or more.

8 8. Complete the chart below on the types of regions identified by geographers: Also Called Formal Region Functional Region Vernacular Region Definition Example 9. What two meanings of culture do geographers study? 10. How does a geographer conclude that two or more phenomena are spatially associated, that is, bearing some sort of cause and effect relationship?

9 Key Issue 3: Why Are Different Places Similar? Pages Define globalization: 2. In what ways is globalization of culture manifested in the landscape? Provide an example. 3. Why might some groups of people oppose globalization? 4. Space is the, or interval two objects. 5. The of a feature in is known as its distribution. 6. Define density: 7. The way in which a feature is spread over space is known as concentration. What are the opposite ends of the spectrum of concentration? b.

10 8. List two different types of pattern given in the text. b. 9. In what ways does each of the following play a role in geography? Ethnicity Gender Sexual Orientation 10. Global culture and economy are increasingly centered in three core (hearth) regions of: b. c. 11. What are the three major reasons for these areas being hearths? b. c.

11 12. Explain why there is an increasing economic gap between regions in the world (AKA uneven development).

12 13. Diffusion is defined as the process by which a characteristic spreads across space. With regard to diffusion, define and give an example of each of the following: Hearth Relocation Diffusion Expansion Diffusion Hierarchical Diffusion Contagious Diffusion Stimulus Diffusion 14. In the past, most interaction between places required what?

13 15. Describe the phenomenon known as distance decay. 16. What is space-time compression? 17. How has interaction between places changes (think networks)? 18. Give some examples of things that retard interaction among groups. Key Issue 4: Why Are Some Actions Not Sustainable? Pages Explain the difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources. 2. What are two major misuses of resources geographers observe? b. 3. Define sustainability: 4. In the table below, explain and give a bulleted list of details about each of the pillars of sustainability. Environment (conservation v. preservation) 3 Pillars of Sustainability

14 Economy Society 5. Explain two major criticisms about sustainability. 6. What are the types of climates geographers identify (by letter and name)? 7. What major way does climate influence human activity? (Give an example) 8. What are the two major problems with which geographers are concerned as far as soil is concerned? b. 9. Define cultural ecology: 10. Define environmental determinism: 11. Define possibilism: