Status, progress and challenges in application of space technology and GIS for disaster risk reduction in the Pacific

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1 Status, progress and challenges in application of space technology and GIS for disaster risk reduction in the Pacific Mr. Sunny Seuseu Climate Prediction Services Coordinator

2 Outline 1. What is SPREP? 2. Global and Regional Frameworks 3. Pacific Meteorological Council and Ministerial Meetings 4. Nukualofa Declaration and MHEWS 5. Space Technology (status, use, challenges) 6. GIS Technology (status, use and challenges) 7. SPREP Regional Geo-portals 8. Pacific Climate Change Centre

3 VITAL STATISTICS Established 1993 Based in Samoa 26 Pacific island members 4 metropolitan country members Over 100 staff MANDATE To promote cooperation in the Pacific islands region and to provide assistance in order to protect and improve the environment and to ensure sustainable development for present and future generations

4 Programme Areas Strategic Priorities Climate Change Programme Climate Change Environment Monitoring and Governance Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management Waste Management and Pollution Control Adaptation Mitigation Policy & Science Meteorology (proposed) Pacific Climate Change Centre (new) Regional Implementing Entity to Green Climate Fund

5 Global and Regional Frameworks Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific Integrated Approach to address Climate Change &DRR

6 1. The Pacific Meteorological Council (PMC) Majuro Number of Participants to the PMC PMC-1 PMC-2 PMC-3 Nadi-2013 Nuku alofa-2015

7 Pacific Meteorological Council and the Ministerial Meeting on Meteorology First Pacific Ministerial Meeting on Meteorology (PMMM-1) held in Tonga in July Endorsement of the Nuku alofa Ministerial Declaration on sustainable weather and climate services for a resilient Pacific PMC-3 + Partners Regional Ministerial Meeting

8 Pacific Met Desk Partnership

9 Nukualofa Ministerial Declaration Item 6: ENCOURAGE our governments, regional organizations and development partners to establish and support the implementation of impact-based multi-hazard early warning systems (MHEWS) and Multi-Hazard Information Systems (MHIS); Item 9: EXPRESS CONCERN about inadequate infrastructure and limited human resources of PICTs NMHSs as factors that limit the effective uptake of scientific and technological advances to improve services of NMHSs; Item 16: COMMEND the establishment and support from development partners to the PMC as a subsidiary body of the SPREP Meeting and the Pacific Meteorological Desk Partnership hosted and managed by SPREP. WE URGE development partners and SPREP member countries and territories to continue their support to PMC and PMDP;

10 Regional Mechanisms SPREP Meeting Meteorology Ministerial Meeting Pacific Meteorological Council Pacific Islands Climate Services Panel Pacific Islands Aviation Weather Services Panel Pacific Islands Marine and Ocean Services Panel Pacific Islands Education, Research and Training Panel Pacific Islands Communications and Infrastructure Panel Multi hazard Early Warning System

11 EW Multi-timescales Climate change Weather Climate variability hours days months years decades Rain storm Tropical cyclone Wet season & dry season El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) centuries Global warming & ocean acidification

12 Space Technology Applications

13 Challenges Access - Cost - Technology - Technical know-how - Relevant applications / demand for services Capacity in Pacific islands (low capacity vs high capacity) Training, Research and capacity requirements Absence of a Regional Toolbox - one-stop-shop Process to mainstream Space Technology into DRR Data availability, data sharing sensitivities, site specific data Cost recovery and data policies National geo-portals in the region (Cook Islands and Fiji)

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15 HIMAWARI-8 SATELLITE High Resolution Updated every 10 minutes

16 Satellite vs GIS Applications

17 Satellite data (30-day rain)

18 Satellite data (60-day rain)

19 Satellite data (90-day rain)

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21 Space Technology Applications - SPREP 1. Shipping analysis using Automatic Identification system (AIS) data from satellites Examples/Country 33 million sq kilometres, 21 nations, including areas beyond national jurisdiction 2. Biodiversity analysis from Satellite Imagery Tavenui, Fiji + 3. Asbestos Location mapping using GPS FSM, Palau, Nauru, Kiribati, Solomons, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands 4. By catch data analysis using GPS Regional 5. Turtle tracking database using GPS Regional 6. Bilateral conferences (UN PremComm1 etc) International 7. Seek funding and partnership on Space Technology (upon requests) 8. Coordinate training and capacity building for NMHSs in specific area Regional Regional / International (with WMO and others)

22 GIS Applications

23 EWS GIS Applications

24 Link to community EWS & Response Alert Category LOW MEDIUM HIGH EXTREME Response by Villages (at minimum) Operate normally Open fires are to be monitored Conserve water as much as possible, unlimited usage Operate with caution Open fires when necessary Intensify water storage and management Ban in open burning Strict monitoring by village council Water rationing in place Water for fire fighting [DMO activate national response plan] Ban in open burning Strict monitoring by village council Water rationing, sea-water for fire fighting [DMO activate national response plan]

25 Forest fire warning network Source:

26 DRR and Climate Adaptation

27 Sector specific applications

28 Hot spot indentification

29 Post disaster assessments

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31 New partnership with Korea on Seasonal Climate Prediction PURPOSE To strengthen the adaptive capacity of vulnerable communities to climate risks at the seasonal timescale. To develop region specific tailored forecast system based on multimodel global forecasts and build capacity of NMHS to operate it DURATION BUDGET USD 1.5 Million (ROK-PIF Co-Fund)

32 New Online Climate Prediction System (CLIK ) installed at SPREP Up to 12 Dynamical Models data available on CLIK to provide advanced 3-6monthly outlooks To reduce damages from extreme climate events through disaster risk management, Improved monitoring and prediction of severe weather for coastal communities Better data management and infrastructure to facilitate data collection Improving the quality of products delivered to end-users Develop early warning communication strategies for National Met Services.

33 SPREP Activities GIS 1. Protected Area Portal Online GIS portal through BIOPAMA project Examples/Country 21 nations 2. State of Environment reporting Marshall islands, Fiji, Cook Islands 3. Bilaterally conferences (UN PremComm1 etc) 4. Shipping analysis using Automatic Identification system (AIS) data from satellites 5. Biodiversity analysis from Satellite Imagery 6. Asbestos Location mapping using GPS though PACWASTE project International 33 million sq kilometres, 21 nations, including areas beyond national jurisdiction Tavenui, Fiji + FSM, Palau, Nauru, Kiribati, Solomons, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands 7. By catch data analysis using GPS Regional 8. Seasonal Climate Prediction maps (3- monthly rainfall forecasts) Regional (Republic of Korea-Pacific Islands Climate Prediction Project)

34 Pacific Islands Protected Area Portal Embedded within the PIPAP is the BIOPAMA-supported Regional Reference Information System (RRIS), the online data and information platform that brings together relevant information to support decision-making for planning, designating and managing protected/managed areas in the Pacific region.

35 SPREP Regional Geo-spatial portal

36 Pacific Climate Change Center (PCCC) Partnership between SPREP, Governments of Samoa, Japan and its 26 Member countries In 2013 the PCCC concept was endorsed by the Pacific Leaders Meeting in RMI. In 2014 Japan approved SPREP's application through Samoa and set in train the process for assessing the requirements for the PCCC May 2015 PALM 7 Meeting Pacific Leaders and Government of Japan endorsed the development of the PCCC

37 TARGET AUDIENCE PICT Governments (21 of 26 SPREP Members) Schools, research and academic institutions Researchers/Scientists/experts Civil society Private sector Development partners Pacific Climate Change Center (PCCC)

38 Pacific Climate Change Center (PCCC) Regional Climate Hub/Centre of Excellence Climate Hub catalyst for enhancing support for Pacific Islands on Meteorology, Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems (MHEWS), Climate and Climate Change Science; Climate Finance; Mitigation (Renewable Energy, and Energy Efficiency); and Climate Change Adaptation. Promote extensive collaboration and cooperation between SPREP, other regional agencies and Japan in terms of technical support, capacity building, and information and knowledge sharing. The PCCC will become a WMO Regional Climate Centre (RCC) for the Pacific Region.

39 Pacific Climate Change Center (PCCC) PCCC Delivery Approaches Capacity Building Communications and Knowledge Management Building and Strengthening Partnerships

40 Summary Importance of Space Technology and GIS is realised in the region Cost, technology, access to and capacity are challenges Socio-economical data to be available (country support) Regional mechanisms (eg PMC, PMMM and Technical Panels) exist to support MHEWS and link to DRR Harmonise and strengthen regional collaboration on space and GIS applications Ongoing Capacity building required (sustainability) PMC Panel on Education, Training and Research, and PCCC (joint delivery) Outcomes of this work shall be made available through country mandated pathways (National and Regional Geo-portals)

41 Fa afetai!

42 7. Partnership with WMO/Environment Canada To enhance resilience in social, economic and environmental system to climate variability and climate change through the development of effective and sustainable Regional and National Climate Services Establishment of the Pacific Islands Climate Outlook Forum (PI-COF) Improved capacity at the national level to produce and disseminate standard climate information Drought management policies are initiated WMO Support to Climate Services : USD 470,000 from July 2015-Mar 2017 WMO Support to the PMDP: USD 25,000 per Annum from

43 8. Supporting the Global Upper Air Network Supporting the upper air operations of Tarawa, Funafuti and Rarotonga Financial Support provided by the UK Met Office (UKMO) from Technical Support provided by the NZ MetService SPREP manages the supply of accessories and operations of the 3 upper air stations

44 3. Finnish-Pacific Project on Reduced vulnerability of Pacific island country s villagers livelihoods to the effects of climate change Building climate and disaster ready communities through improved National Meteorological Services Implemented by SPREP in collaboration with the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and partners: 14 Pacific island countries World Meteorological Organization International Federation of Red Cross & Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) Australian Bureau of Meteorology Other Partners

45 Finland-Pacific Project on Reduced vulnerability of Pacific island country s villagers livelihoods to the effects of climate change

46 Direct support to NMSs Capacity building through technical trainings for NMSs Introduction of the SmartMet weather forecasting system to 6 NMSs (Fiji, PNG, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu) Introduction of the SmartAlert warning visualization software Rehabilitation of silent Regional Basic Synoptic Stations

47 Communication and Partnerships to reach Communities National Meteorological Services Others Face to face Community Mobilsers Gov.. Sectors Media Communities (USERS) 60-80% of the Pacific Population

48 Building stronger partnerships between Met Services and Media to reach the last mile through Media and Communications Trainings for Met Services and Media Development of Media Plans for the Met Services Improved flow of warning and information at national level

49 Building stronger partnerships between Met Services and community mobilisers such as National Red Cross Societies Linking the Met Services and Communities Consulting communities to improve access to, understanding and use of weather, climate and early warning information Planning and setting up people-focused Community Based Early Warning Systems Support small-scale pilot projects Development of Community Climate and Disaster Resilience Plans

50 4. New Zealand Pacific Partnership on Ocean Acidification Follows the NZ/US supported International Workshop on Ocean Acidification: State of the Science Considerations for Small Island Developing States workshop at the 3 rd UN SIDS Conference NZD$ 1.8 million in support over 4 years, with additional support from the Principality of Monaco Long-Term Goal: Pacific Islands and Territories are resilient to Ocean Acidification impacts with adaptation measures in place Led by SPREP in partnership with SPC and USP

51 The NZ PPOA has completed a regional ocean acidification vulnerability assessment. This report highlights the key vulnerabilities of coastal communities and ecosystems in the Pacific islands to ocean acidification, and will hopefully serve as a guide for future action. Next up is the establishment of resilience building activities in Fiji, Kiribati, Tokelau, and Vanuatu