Name Date Period Barron s (6 th edition) Chapter 7 Urban Geography

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1 Name Date Period Barron s (6 th edition) Chapter 7 Urban Geography Historical Geography of Urban Environments 1. In what way did the development of different types of occupations (carpenters, merchants, priests.) contribute to the growth of early cities? 2. During the Middle Ages, the feudal system discouraged urbanism. The few cities that existed served mainly as centers of or power. This was not the case, however, elsewhere. Where were urban centers growing and thriving at this same time? 3. How were cities during the Renaissance different from feudal cities? 4. During the Colonial Period, Tenochtitlan may well have been one of the world s greatest cities. What caused this city to decline in importance and power? 5. During the Colonial Period, what was the primary function of many of the old Native American cities? 6. How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to the growth of urbanism in cities such as Chicago, Illinois? 7. What events triggered the Great Migration of African Americans to move from the South towards Northern cities? 8. In what ways can New York City or San Francisco be classified as a gateway city?

2 Culture and Urban Form 9. What characteristics are typically associated with European medieval cities? 10. In what ways are Islamic cities different in design or purpose from medieval European cities? 11. Identify the four factors listed in the reading that often influence the development of urban centers in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. a. c. b. d. TO FULLY UNDERSTAND THIS TOPIC, BE FAMILIAR WITH THE VARIOUS URBAN DESIGN MODELS WHICH ARE ILLUSTRATED ON PAGES 254 AND What are typical design features found in cities that were planned or influenced by the beaux (translation: beautiful) arts movement of 19 th century Europe or the City Beautiful movement in the U.S.? 13. By the mid-20 th century, what architectural style became more common in urban areas? How is this architectural style different from others of the past? 14. Brasilia is classified as a capital. Why was this location chosen to become the new capital of Brazil starting in 1960? 15. What design characteristics are typically associated with postmodern architecture? 16. What is the primary motivation behind the new urbanism movement in city planning?

3 17. Why shouldn t you expect two urban areas to be exactly the same? (HINT: what factors influence the development of cities? The Spatial Organization of Urban Environments 18. According to the concentric zone model, one of the three main models of urban environments, why does each ring contain different types of development and economic activities as you move away from the central business district? 19. How does the multiple nuclei model differ from the concentric zone model? 20. What factor influences the development of corridors radiating out from the CBD according to the sector model of urban environments? 21. According to the reading, what is meant by the ghettoization of inner cities? (be sure to include any relevant vocabulary contained in the reading into your answer) 22. What is a negative consequence associated with urban revitalization or gentrification? 23. is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. 24. The five epochs (eras or stages) of development experienced by many American cities, according to geographer John R. Borchert are: a. b. c. d. e.

4 25. How did various transportation systems affect the development of cities such as Manhattan, Chicago, and Los Angeles? 26. List at least three consequences of urban sprawl as discussed in the reading. a. b. c. 27. cities are located on the outskirts of larger cities, serve most of the same functions of traditional urban areas, and are often dominated by firms and industries. 28. According to the central place theory, what is the purpose of large cities? 29. According to the rank-size rule, what is the relationship between settlements of different sizes? 30. How do primate cities in LDCs reflect historic colonial ties? 31. What is a megalopolis? Cite two examples listed in the reading one in the U.S. and one somewhere else in the world. 32. Megacities are typically found in the developing world. What are the problems usually faced by this type of urban structure?

5 33. Describe the tier system associated with world cities. Urban Planning 34. What is the basic job description of an urban planner? 35. Kevin Lynch, author of Image of the City, identified five main elements associated with any city design. Name and explain each. a. b. c. d. e. 36. How might action spaces differ in small towns and large cities? 37. List the five rules that apply to people s daily spatial behavior. a. b. c.

6 d. e.

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