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1 Name: Date: UNI IT THREE 2D and 3D model s of the natural world *Dedicated to
2 Name: Date: ABSTRACT T AND RATIONALE A topographic map is a type of map that depicts the detail and quantitative representation of an area that is both natural and human made. Government agencies, hikers, environmental consultants, military officials, oil companies all use topographic map for long range planning and finding natural resources. The first topographic map was made in the 1800ss by USGS (US geologic survey) and continues to remain an indispensable tool for the science classrooms. TASK STATEMENT/PROBLEM BASED LEARNING/REAL WORLD PROBLEM: You have been asked by the Bedford Planning Commission to design a hiking traill system. These criteria must be followed exactly for your proposal to be accepted by the Planning Commission. In other words, your grade on this project depends on how well you follow the criteria and how detailed your plan is. Good luck and happy planning! Criteria for planning your hiking trail system: Trails must have easy access from the road Trails must have an area next to the road for a parking lot The trails must cover at least four different habitats (stream Beginner trail must: Be no longer than 5 miles (use the map scale provided) Be a looping trail (begin and end at the same spot) Have a gradient no greater than 150 feet per mile Travel through or near at least three different habitats Intermediate/Advanced trail must: Be between 5 and 10 miles long Begin and end at a road with a park access Have a gradient of no greater than 500 feet per mile Travel through or near at least four different habitats Plan requirements: For full credit your plan must include the following items to be handed in 1. The map with all trails, parking lot and picnic areas drawn and labeled 2. A data sheet describing your trails including a. length of trail b. maximum gradient c. number of times a stream is crossed (number of bridges to be built) d. habitats that are crossed e. any other interesting feature
3 Name: Date: Anticipat tion Guideline (Topographic Map) Read page#53-56 in your Earth Science Textbook. Base on the reading; decide whether or not each statement below is true (yes) or False (no). If the statement is no, please indicate the page# and line# where the correct answer is located inn the text. In addition, be sure to correct the wrong word in the statement with the correct vocabulary. You may only fill out yes or no on one side of the table. The other side of the table will be done by you after hurricane topics. Yes No Statements Topographic Map depicts features of a landform through the use of contour lines Yes No Page# Line# The relief of a map shows the symbolss of Earth s surface The scale of 1: 63,360 is for 7.5 minute map Contour lines connect areas of the same pressure The difference in elevation between two consecutive contour lines is call contour interval Benchmark is a location whose approximate elevation is shownn If the contour lines are far apart, the land would be flat Contour lines may form circles or ovals, these indicate hills, ridges, or mountains Topographic maps can be used to determine the direction of river flow as well.
4 Name: Date: Read page #53 56 in your Earth Science Textbook. Find the vocabularies in the text, and then define each of thee vocabulary in your own words. The images below are there to provide you with mental imageries. Find the definition of these words AND label them on the diagram. In addition to the definition, label the vocabulary worlds on the diagram Label on the map an area of high relief and low relief 1. Contour Lines 2. Contour interval 3. Index Contour lines 4. Relief 5. Magnetic Declination 6. Slope/Gradient minute map vs. 15 minute map
5 Name: Date: Red River Contours Ocean 1. Label all the contour lines values on the map. 2. What is the contour interval of this map? (unit please!!!!!) 3. What is the highest possible elevation at location B? (unit please) 4a) Which of the two hills is higher? 4b) How much higher? (unit please!!!!) 5. By means of the map scale, measure the distance from the top of hill B to the top of hill A. (unit please!!!!) ) 6. Which side of hill A has the steepest slope? 7. How can you telll whether a land form has steep or gentle slopes? 8. In what direction from hill A is hill B? 9. What is the elevation above sea level of hill A? (unit please!!!!!) 10. In what direction is the Red River flowing? 11. How does a contour map show the direction in which a river is flowing? 12. Shade the area on the map which would be under water if the sea level rose 40 feet. 13. Calculate the gradient of the Red River from point D to the ocean.
6 Working with Contour Maps Name: Date: Figure A Figure A shows an island. Figure B shows a contour map of this island. Answer the questions below by studying the contour map 1. a) How long is this island? 1. b) The long part runs which direction? 2. a) How wide is this island? 2. b) The wide part runs which direction? 3. This island starts at sea level. How do you know? ( Look only at the contour map.) 4. What is the contour interval of this map? 5 a) Whichh side of the island has the steepest slope? 5 b) How do you know which side of the island is steepest? 6 a) Whichh side of the island has the gentlest slope? 6 b) How do you know which side of the island is gentlest? 7. How high is the peak of this island? 8. Compare the drawing of the island with the contour map a) Whichh one gives more information? b) Whichh one is more accurate? c) Whichh one is more useful?
7 Name: Date: By compass direction 9a) the side of this landform has the steepest slope. 9b) the side of this landform has the gentlest slope. 10. The contour interval of this map is meters. 11. The lowest elevation shown is meters. 12. Which of these heights could be the exact elevation of the peak?? a) 520 meters b) 420 meters c) 475 meters Gradient = change in elevation distance 13. What is the change in elevation between point a to point b? 14. What is the distance between a and b? 15. Whichh is the gradient between point a and b?
8 Name: Date: STREAMS The head of a stream is the place where it starts. The place where it ends, in a lake or ocean, is called the mouth. Look at the figure D below for the following questions. 16. What letter is at a) the head of the stream? b) the mouth of the stream? 17. Where contour lines cross a stream, they 18. At a stream, contour lines seem to form arrows. Each arrow points a) toward the (head, mouth) of the stream. b) (upstream, downstream) c) (toward, away from) the direction off flow. Figure D
9 Name: Date: Making a Profile
10 Name: Date: Making A Topographic Profile I 30 A B
11 Name: Date: Making A Topographic Profile II A B
12 Name: Date: The topographic map of an island is shown below. Elevation is expressed in feet. Points A, B, C and D are locations on the island. A triangulation points shows the highest elevation on the island. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile representing the cross-sectional view between point A and point B, following the directions below. What is the gradient in feet/mile along the straight line from point C to point D Write the equation Substitute Solve with units
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21 Name: Date: Equator (Latitude) 30º 10º 10º A 0º 0º Prime Meridian (Longitude) A:, B:, C:, Latitude: Equator: Poles: Longitude: Prime Meridian: International Date Line: B C N Prime Meridian 30 A W º 10 B C 20 0º, 0º Equator 30 S A:, B:,
22 Name: Date: Express latitude and longitude to the nearest minutes BINGHAMTON:, ALBANY: ITHACA:,, N, W: N, W: N, W:
23 Name: Date: 1. Give the Latitude and Longitude of the following points based on the above map. Remember to use the proper format A. C. D. B. 2. Use your ESRT (p.3) map of NYS and determine with to the nearest ¼ of a degree the Latitude & Longitude of the following cities: a. Massena - b. Watertown - c. Elmira - d. Rochester - Remember when estimating ¼ or.25 o = 15 ½ or.50 o = 30 ¾ or.75 o = 45
24 Rubric for Topographic Map Unit INDICATORS Reading contour map Calculating contour maps BEGINNING Novice Able to define and explain contour map vocabularies such as contour interval, gradient, index contour and more (see packet for list) Can find the gradient formula on the reference table DEVELOPING Apprentice Identify landmarks such as river, mountain, depression, by using contour map features Explain the process of greenhouse effect Identify and explain how unnatural climate (human impact) factors affect climate ACCOMPLISHED Practitioner Using contour lines to identify areas of river flow and the direction of river flow Identify sea level and highest elevation of a peak Successfully state contour intervals with correct units Successfully state latitude and longitude of the map in the nearest degree and minutes Identify and explain areas of steepest gradient Accurately label peaks and depression Able to measure the distance of two points on the map Able to find the difference in elevation Able to measure and calculate gradient Able to measure and calculate gradient for other isoline map EMPLEMPLARY Expert All practitioner plus Describe and identify high and low topographic relief of the map Explain in detail the meaning of a7.5 minute map and 15 minute map List various use of topographic map All practitioner plus Be able to calculate gradient in correct units Convert degree of latitudes into angular distance units. Creating contour maps Creating 3D models from contour maps to identify landmarks Creating elevation profiles and 3D Google Earth tour Creating 2D profile on the topographic map with a provided and labeled grid Creating contour maps from field values Able to create a beginner trail system on a topographic map with given criteria All practitioner plus Creating 2D profiles with self-labeled grid. Successfully creating different types of isoline maps Able to create an advanced trail system on a topographic map with given criteria
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