Challenges around European cities

Transcription

1 Future Orientation for CIties (FOCI) Moritz Lennert IGEAT-ULB with ETC-LUSI, EUROREG, Géographie-Cités, IGUL, INRETS-LVMT, NTUA, TERSYN ESPON Seminar Malmö, 2 3 December2009

2 2/25 Challenges around European cities Resource management, age e climate change mitigation and adaptation / De-carbonisation Social cohesion, socio-economic tensions, inter- cultural relations Economic development and positioning in global economic processes and in the context of economic crisis Diffusion of economic welfare and production from cities to the rest of the region Competition, interaction and cooperation with other cities

3 3/25 Our contribution on these challenges Three main pillars Trends and drivers in thematic areas: economy, transport, social cohesion, environment Exploratory analysis of evolving cityhinterland relationships Towards an analysis of functional polycentricity Complementary to the second State of European Cities report (DG Regio) Analyses to be deepened by other projects: Land use, Secondary Growth Poles, Globalisation, etc, etc.

4 4/25 Challenge 1: Sustainable resource management Impact of urban structures... urban sprawl polycentricity... on resource management and environmental quality land use pollution CO2 emissions

5 5/25 Challenge 1: Sustainable resource management Sprawl Growth LUZ Slow growth Slow compact source: Corine Land Cover

6 6/25 Challenge 1: Sustainable resource management Bucharest Chosing sustainable develoment paths Berlin

7 7/25 Challenge 2: Social cohesion Benchmarking: how does my city do compared to others? Highlighting Europe's hotspots of social issues Analysis of relationships between economic growth strategies and social cohesion

8 8/25 Challenge 2: Social cohesion source: Urban Audit

9 9/25 Challenge 2: Social cohesion Making the most out of wealth Correlation (R Pearson) between economic wealth(gdp/cap) and some social indicators, in the years 2000; source: Urban Audit, Eurostat (NUTS 2 proxies)

10 10/25 Challenge 2: Social cohesion source: Urban Audit, Eurostat (NUTS 2 proxies)

11 11/25 Challenge 2: Social cohesion Making the most out of wealth Evolution of GDP/head and of unemployment rate, relative to national average between 2001 and 2006; source: Eurostat (NUTS 3 proxies) 100 Evolution of unemployment ra ate Evolution of GDP/head

12 12/25 Challenge 3: Crisis exit and globalisation Economic development paths of cities co o c de e op e t pat s o c t es Competitiveness of cities is combination of general factors of regional competitiveness specific urban factors Analysis of both aspects

13 13/25 Challenge 3: Economic development

14 14/25 Challenge 3: Economic development Cities not isolated, but part of national economic systems, so local choices not necessarily the most important for economic development: Scale decomposition of variance of GDP growth source: Eurostat

15 15/25 Challenge 3: Economic development Cities are embedded in enterprise networks:

16 16/25 Challenge 3: Economic development Accessing a cities resources and people Daily accessibility by air between MEGAs 2009

17 17/25 Challenge 3: Economic development Modal change and intermodality: combining air and rail

18 18/25 Challenge 4: Making cities work for others Are ectesst cities still motors otosof regional ego development? Which links work in which direction? How can cities i and their hinterland profit better of each others assets?

19 19/25 Challenge 4: Making cities work for others Typology of macro-regions - determinants of disparities varied and strongly depend on national and regional context - some factors: similarity in economic structure, polycentricity, productivity differences

20 20/25 Challenge 4: Making cities work for others Case studies CITY ENTERPRISES Transport accessibility RELOCATION TRADE JOBS MARKET SERVICES REGION ENTERPRISES 5 cities questionnaires companies local authorities interviews HOUSEHOLDS PUBLIC SECTOR MIGRATION CONSUMPTION JOBS PUBLIC SERVICES COOPERATION COMPETITION HOUSEHOLDS PUBLIC SECTOR Land use pattern

21 21/25 Challenge 5: Cooperation Building on ESPON 2006 project results u d g o S O 006 p oject esu ts Moving from morphological to functional analyses of polycentricity

22 22/25 Challenge 5: Cooperation Research cooperations

23 23/25 Challenge 5: Cooperation Air connections

24 24/25 A word on methodology One of major aims: add new information o to existing knowledge New data sources for non-admin data Experimental work data collection understanding exact meaning of new data geocoding etc Should feed into future work of ESPON (Database and others)

25 25/25 The crystal ball: scenarios Scenarios of future evolutions o of the framework conditions of city development Evaluation of the «reactions» of cities to the different ent scenarios Possibly: thematic scenarios on specific urban issues

26 26/25 Thank you! IGEAT-ULB, ETC-LUSI, EUROREG, Géographie-Cités, IGUL, INRETS-LVMT, NTUA, TERSYN Contact: Moritz Lennert