REVIEW MAPWORK EXAM QUESTIONS 31 JULY 2014

Transcription

1 REVIEW MAPWORK EXAM QUESTIONS 31 JULY 2014 Lesson Description In this lesson we: Focus on key concepts and exam questions relating to GIS. Question 1 Test Yourself The most important component of a GIS is identified as... A. software. B. hardware. C. data. D. methods. Question 2 GIS without a computer is referred to as... A. geo referencing. B. paper GIS. C. orthorectifying. D. spatial analysis Question 3 This map feature is NOT classified as vector data. A. points B. lines C. images D. polygons Question 4 This aspect cannot be classified as attribute data. A. fields B. columns C. tables D. location Question 5 This cannot be classified as a type of resolution. A. spectral B. temporal C. spatial D. raster

2 Summary Geographical Information Systems Spatial Data; Stored Data; Manipulated Data Components of GIS PEOPLE: the operator or the user HARD WARE: components of a computer e.g. monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner. SOFTWARE: programs DATA: spatial and attribute procedure or method

3 GIS Data Spatial Location and the shape Attribute Description quantity and quality of a geographical feature An example of a GIS Application

4 GIS Applications Data Input (Data Capturing) Remote sensing, interviews, scanning, digitizing. Urban Growth: 225 New Townhouses ( )

5 Agricultural: Crop Type Mapping Storage of Data Raster format and vector format.

6 Thematic Layers on Maps Data Output (Data Display) Maps, images, pictures, tales

7 Natural Disasters: Flooding Informal formal 0 50 year 100 year RMF GIS Applications Population Bio-Diversity Global Warming Urbanization Pollution Congestion Conservation Land Use Remote Sensing Oceans Business Efficiency Water Development Crime Health Education Logistics Energy Defense / Security Environment Government Globalization Agriculture/Food Public Safety Collect data of a geographical feature from a distance above the earth using satellites and aircrafts Types of Remote Sensing Passive remote sensing: simple record the radiation reflected by the earth. E.g. camera. Active remote sensing: sensors send signals to the earth surface and record how it is reflected back e.g. airborne radar ; ocean bed sonar e.g. Titanic

8 Application of Remote Sensing Question 1 Visible light camera Infra red sensor: senses heat, used by military, water temperature Radio Detection And Ranging (Radar) Sensor: measure speed, and direction of an object, size of an object; amplitude of ocean currents. Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR): greenhouse monitoring in the atmosphere.(global warming trends) Earth Monitoring Satellite ( LANDSAT): land cover and land use, weather and climate, mining, Improve your Skills (Adapted from Exemplar 2008, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.1) Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can store, manage, analyse and display data. To manage the data in GIS you must look at the different parts that make up the system. Name any TWO parts of GIS that make up the system. (2 x 2) (4) Question 2 (Adapted from Nov 2009, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.2) Topographical Map of Brits The diagram below illustrates the concept of data layering. 2.1 Explain the meaning of the term data layering. (1 x 2) (2) 2.2 Name any TWO layers of information that one can identify in block G3 on the topographical map. (2 x 2) (4) Question 3 (Adapted from Nov 2010, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.3) Topographical Map of Brits Data Integration is the process of combining different sets of information for a purpose of decision making. Discuss TWO sets of data that a farmer will use in block A5

9 Question 4 (Adapted from Nov 2011, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.1) Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches a description in COLUMN A. Question 5 (Adapted from Nov 2012, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.4) Topographical Map of Brits (3 x 2) (6) GIS allows us to use thematic layers on maps. Refer to the topographic map and identify TWO layers of information that were used in compiling the topographical map. Question 6 (Adapted from Nov 2013, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.3) Port Elizabeth Which one of the Topographical Map or the Photograph is a raster data.