THEORETICAL EXAMINATION ANSWER SHEETS

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "THEORETICAL EXAMINATION ANSWER SHEETS"

Transcription

1 CEMISTRY: ART, SCIENCE, FUN TEORETICAL EXAMINATION ANSWER SEETS JULY 20, 2007 MOSCOW, RUSSIA

2 1 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Structures: Propanedial 1 st isomer 2 nd isomer Circle the acidic hydrogen atom O O C C C The acidity of propanedial is caused by a) the stability of a carbanion due to conjugation with two carbonyl groups b) weakness of C bond in a carbonyl group c) hydrogen bonds between two propanedial molecules The correct answer The structures corresponding to minima on energy curve:

3 1 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The probability density (a) t = 0 Ψ 2 ( x,0) = Ψ 2-0,06-0,04-0,02 0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 Distance, nm (b) t = π/(2ω) x, π 2 ω 2 Ψ = Ψ 2-0,06-0,04-0,02 0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 Distance, nm

4 1 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks (c) t = π/ω x π ω 2 Ψ, = Ψ 2-0,06-0,04-0,02 0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 Distance, nm The probability of finding the proton in the left well = The time of proton transfer t = The proton mean speed v = The uncertainty of proton position x =

5 1 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The minimal uncertainty of proton velocity v = a) Proton is a rather heavy particle, and its tunneling in malonaldehyde can be described in classical terms of position and velocity b) Proton tunneling is a purely quantum effect; it cannot be described in classical terms c) Uncertainty of proton velocity is so large that tunneling cannot be observed experimentally d) Uncertainty of proton velocity is so small that tunneling cannot be observed experimentally The correct answer is

6 2 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Thermodynamic data for the reaction (1): r G 0 (1) = K = Equilibrium constant for the reaction (1) with cobalt nanoparticles: (a) K (r = 10 8 m) = (b) K (r = 10 9 m) =

7 2 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Minimum water content in the mixture: (a) 2 O%(bulk Co) = (b) 2 O%(nanoparticles with r = m) = The correct answer is (mark the proper box): (a) (b) (c) Standard molar Gibbs function of CoO (external layer) 0 G (CoO, r b) = Standard molar Gibbs function of Co (internal layer): 0 G (Co, ra, r b) = Standard Gibbs energy for the reaction (1) with the double-layered nanoparticles G (1, r, r ) = 0 r a b

8 2 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Plot r G 0 (1,r 0 ) vs. r 0 (b) r G 0 (1,r 0 ) (a) r G 0 (1,r 0 ) r 0 r 0 r G(1,r 0 ) (c) r G(1,r 0 ) (d) r 0 r 0 The correct plot is (mark the proper box): (a) (b) (c) (d) The correct answer is (mark the proper box): (a) (b) (c)

9 3 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The overall reaction equation The kinetic equation for X d[x] dt = The rate equation d[p] dt = Reaction orders: with respect to B (i): with respect to D (ii): overall (iii):

10 3 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks ) An open system, [X] 0 > k 2 /k 1 [X] [X] 0 t 2) An open system, [X] 0 < k 2 /k 1 [X] [X] 0 t A closed system, [B] 0 = [D] 0, [X] 0 > k 2 /k 1 [X] [X] 0 t

11 3 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks X Y P C + X X 2 6 X + Y 2Y +... C + Y P The highest possible temperature: T =

12 4 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Equation: Calculation of the T value: T = mg/ml Calculation of the T value: T = mg/ml Calculation of the T value: T = mg/ml

13 4 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Equation(s): Equation(s): Equation: The composition of the crystallohydrate is: Formula of the salt Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 x 2 O: x =

14 5 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Structure of product D Which class of organic compounds does D belong to? Check the appropriate box. Note! Only one checkmark is allowed. Several checkmarks will lead to 0 marks for this question. ketones ethers acetals esters alcohols aldehydes glycols The expected yield of D The yield is equal to 85% ; lower than 85% ; greater than 85% yield = % The structures of A, B, and C. A B C Draw in the boxes intermediate compounds formed during the acidic hydrolysis of C, and basic hydrolysis of B. C + / 2 O t C 3 COO + C 2 5 O B O / 2 O O / 2 O C 3 COO + C 2 5 O

15 5 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The structure of senecioic acid The structure of E.

16 6 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The net ionic equation accounting for the ability of LGL to set in air Write down the net ionic equations matching the processes enumerated in the Table. For each process check the Yes box if it leads to changes of p. Otherwise check the No box. а) protonation of ortho-silicate ions leading to the formation of Si-O groups Reaction equation: b) formation of hydrated [SiO 4 ( 2 O) 2 ] 4- anions Reaction equation: Yes No Yes c) polycondensation of ortho-silicate ions leading to the formation of Si-O-Si bonds Reaction equation: Yes No No 6.2 For [Si 3 O 9 ] n- ion found in aqueous solution of silicates: Determine the charge (n). Your justification Determine the number of oxygen atoms bridging adjacent tetrahedra. Your justification n = Depict the ion structure joining together several tetrahedra (1). Number of oxygen atoms =

17 6 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks The fragment of the layered structure joining 16 tetrahedra (1) Your justification Structure p of 0.1 M aqueous solution of copper sulfate Your justification p = Equation of a reaction between aqueous solutions of CuSO 4 and sodium metasilicate (LGL)

18 7 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks A number of reaction types is listed in the table below. All reactions involved in metabolism of MG-CoA to IPP are in the list. Choose those types of reactions which are catalyzed by Е1 and Е3 (put numbers in appropriate places). No Reaction type 1. Dehydration 2. Decarboxylation 3. Dephosphorylation 4. 4 electron reduction 5. Release of the reduced form of coenzyme A (CoA-S) 6. Monophosphorylation 7. Oxidation of hydroxyl group as the third stage of MG-CoA β-oxidation cycle Е1 Е Draw the structure of X with stereochemical details and indicate absolute configuration (R or S) of the stereocenter Write down the overall reaction equation for reductive ozonolysis of DAP with dimethyl sulfide used as the reducing agent Determine molecular formula of Y. Your justification Number of carbon atoms Number of hydrogen atoms Molecular formula:

19 7 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Calculate the number of IPP and DAP molecules needed to give Y5. Your justification: Number of IPP molecules Number of DAP molecules Draw the product of coupling reaction between one IPP molecule and one DAP molecule, subsequent reductive ozonolysis of which gives Y1, Y2 and one more product, the latter containing phosphorus Draw the structures of Y and Y4 with stereochemical details. Y4 Y

20 8 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Expressions for the rates: v act = v p = v deact = v t = Compare rates using operators <<,,,, >> v deact v act v deact v t v deact v p Mass of the obtained polymer. Your justification: m = Degree of polymerization of the obtained polymer. Your justification: DP =

21 8 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks Structure of the obtained polymer Fill in the right column with symbols (a-g) of 1 NMR signals corresponding to substructures in the left column. * C 2 * O C 2 * * * * * * Cl Cl Composition and molecular weights of copolymers P1 and P2. Your justification: Your justification: n(c) = n(d) = M(P1) = M(P2) =

22 8 Quest Tot Points Student code: Marks All possible reactions of activation P1: P2: Structure of P1 and one of possible structures of P2 P1: P2:

THEORETICAL EXAMINATION PROBLEMS

THEORETICAL EXAMINATION PROBLEMS CHEMISTRY: ART, SCIENCE, FUN THEORETICAL EXAMINATION PROBLEMS JULY 20, 2007 MOSCOW, RUSSIA 24848 characters in Problems and Answer Sheets General Directions - Write your name and code number on each page

More information

8 theoretical problems 2 practical problems

8 theoretical problems 2 practical problems th 39 8 theoretical problems 2 practical problems THE THIRTY-NINTH INTERNATINAL CHEMISTRY LYMPIAD 15 24 JULY 2007, MSCW, RUSSIAN FEDERATIN THERETICAL PRBLEMS PRBLEM 1 Proton tunneling Proton tunneling

More information

Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds. Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons

Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds. Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons Chapter 1 Reactions of Organic Compounds Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons Reactions of Alkanes Single bonds (C-C) are strong and very hard to break, therefore these compounds are relatively unreactive

More information

AGS Chemistry 2007 Correlated to: Prentice Hall Chemistry (Wilbraham) including AGS Differentiated Instruction Strategies

AGS Chemistry 2007 Correlated to: Prentice Hall Chemistry (Wilbraham) including AGS Differentiated Instruction Strategies - including AGS Differentiated Instruction 1-1 Chemistry 1-1 Chemistry and the Nature of Science Page 3: ELL/ESL Strategy; Page 4: Science ; Pages 5, 6: Applications-Global ; Pages 5, 7: Learning Styles-

More information

CHM 292 Final Exam Answer Key

CHM 292 Final Exam Answer Key CHM 292 Final Exam Answer Key 1. Predict the product(s) of the following reactions (5 points each; 35 points total). May 7, 2013 Acid catalyzed elimination to form the most highly substituted alkene possible

More information

Reversible Additions to carbonyls: Weak Nucleophiles Relative Reactivity of carbonyls: Hydration of Ketones and Aldehydes

Reversible Additions to carbonyls: Weak Nucleophiles Relative Reactivity of carbonyls: Hydration of Ketones and Aldehydes Reversible Additions to carbonyls: Weak Nucleophiles Weak nucleophiles, such as water, alcohols, and amines, require acid or base catalysis to undergo addition to carbonyl compounds Relative Reactivity

More information

ORGANIC - CLUTCH CH ALDEHYDES AND KETONES: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION

ORGANIC - CLUTCH CH ALDEHYDES AND KETONES: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ALDEHYDE NOMENCLATURE Replace the suffix of the alkane -e with the suffix On the parent chain, the carbonyl is always terminal, and receive a location As substituents, they

More information

JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM201 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II. 5 Credit Hours. Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce

JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM201 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II. 5 Credit Hours. Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM201 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 5 Credit Hours Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce Revised Date: January 2008 by Ryan H. Groeneman Arts & Science Education Dr. Mindy Selsor, Dean

More information

Lecture 3: Aldehydes and ketones

Lecture 3: Aldehydes and ketones Lecture 3: Aldehydes and ketones I want to start by talking about the mechanism of hydroboration/ oxidation, which is a way to get alcohols from alkenes. This gives the anti-markovnikov product, primarily

More information

Theophylline (TH), the structure of which is presented below, is a bronchial-dilator used for the treatment of asthma.

Theophylline (TH), the structure of which is presented below, is a bronchial-dilator used for the treatment of asthma. 1 EXAM SCIETIIC CULTURE CEMISTRY PRBLEM 1: Theophylline (T), the structure of which is presented below, is a bronchial-dilator used for the treatment of asthma. 3 C 7 1 3 9 1.1 Structural study and acid-base

More information

1/4/2011. Chapter 18 Aldehydes and Ketones Reaction at the -carbon of carbonyl compounds

1/4/2011. Chapter 18 Aldehydes and Ketones Reaction at the -carbon of carbonyl compounds Chapter 18 Aldehydes and Ketones Reaction at the -carbon of carbonyl compounds The Acidity of the Hydrogens of Carbonyl Compounds: Enolate Anions Hydrogens on carbons to carbonyls are unusually acidic

More information

Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols

Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols 45 -Alcohols have the general formula R-OH and are characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group, -OH. -Phenols have a hydroxyl group attached directly to an

More information

Aldehydes and Ketones : Aldol Reactions

Aldehydes and Ketones : Aldol Reactions Aldehydes and Ketones : Aldol Reactions The Acidity of the a Hydrogens of Carbonyl Compounds: Enolate Anions Hydrogens on carbons a to carbonyls are unusually acidic The resulting anion is stabilized by

More information

ORGANIC - BROWN 8E CH ALDEHYDES AND KETONES.

ORGANIC - BROWN 8E CH ALDEHYDES AND KETONES. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ALDEHYDE NOMENCLATURE Replace the suffix of the alkane -e with the suffix On the parent chain, the carbonyl is always terminal, and receive a location As substituents, they

More information

Chapter 12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds

Chapter 12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds Chapter 12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds Introduction Several functional groups contain the carbonyl group Carbonyl groups can be converted into alcohols

More information

Just Chemistry Department Organic Chemistry 217

Just Chemistry Department Organic Chemistry 217 Part 2 Just Chemistry Department Organic Chemistry 217 Chapter 3 Alkenes And Alkynes كيمياء عضوية ك 217 د. حسين المغيض Dr. Hussein Al-Mughaid Direct hydration: Addition of H 2 O (Acid-catalyzed hydration)

More information

Chemistry Section Review 7.3

Chemistry Section Review 7.3 Chemistry Section Review 7.3 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Put the LETTER of the correct answer in the blank. 1. The molar mass of an element

More information

Downloaded from

Downloaded from I.I.T.Foundation - XI Chemistry MCQ #10 Time: 45 min Student's Name: Roll No.: Full Marks: 90 Solutions I. MCQ - Choose Appropriate Alternative 1. Molarity is the number of moles of a solute dissolved

More information

ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS

ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a a saturated C (sp3) They are important solvents and synthesis intermediates Phenols contain an OH group connected to

More information

Sample Questions Chem 22 Student Chapters Page 1 of 5 Spring 2016

Sample Questions Chem 22 Student Chapters Page 1 of 5 Spring 2016 Sample Questions Chem 22 Student Chapters 13-18 Page 1 of 5 1. The vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure, at equilibrium, of the a) solid above its liquid. b) liquid above its solid. c) gas above

More information

Isaac Newton Academy. A-Level Chemistry Summer Learning (Triple Science Version) Name: Page 1

Isaac Newton Academy. A-Level Chemistry Summer Learning (Triple Science Version) Name: Page 1 A-Level Chemistry Summer Learning (Triple Science Version) Name: Page 1 If you want to study Chemistry at A-level you really have to own your learning. It is important to care about your study as you will

More information

CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION

CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION Introduction Several functional groups contain the carbonyl group Carbonyl groups can be converted into alcohols by various reactions Structure of the Carbonyl

More information

Chapter 9 Aldehydes and Ketones

Chapter 9 Aldehydes and Ketones Chapter 9 Aldehydes and Ketones 9.1 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones Aldehydes are named by replacing the -e of the corresponding parent alkane with -al The aldehyde functional group is always carbon

More information

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions. Alkenes are electron rich. Additions to Alkenes

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions. Alkenes are electron rich. Additions to Alkenes Additions to Alkenes Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Generally the reaction is exothermic because one p and one s bond are converted to two s bonds Alkenes are electron rich The carbocation

More information

Chapter 21 Ester Enolates

Chapter 21 Ester Enolates hapter 21 Ester Enolates Introduction R R' H H The preparation and reactions of β-dicarbonyl compounds, especially β-keto esters, is the main focus of this chapter. A proton on the carbon flanked by the

More information

SHOW ALL WORK TOTAL POINTS ON EXAM: 150

SHOW ALL WORK TOTAL POINTS ON EXAM: 150 CEM 2 FINAL EXAMINATION FALL 02 NAME DATE: INSTRUCTOR (circle): Voloshchuk Zhang SOW ALL WORK TOTAL POINTS ON EXAM: 150 USE CORRECT UNITS AND SIGNIFICANT DIGITS YOU MAY SOW YOUR WORK ON TE BACK OF TE SEET,

More information

1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions:

1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions: 1. (8 pts) Circle the formula (only one) that best fits each of the following descriptions: a. largest radius 2 b. stronger acid (first ionization) HN 3 H 3 P 4 H 2 S 4 c. largest radius N 3 2 F e. highest

More information

1. Based on the information in Model 1 a. Identify three elements in the table that form only one type of cation.

1. Based on the information in Model 1 a. Identify three elements in the table that form only one type of cation. Honors Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block Nomenclature Independent Unit Part 1 Definitions (some old, some new): Ion=an atom that has an unequal number of protons and electrons. o Cations are positively

More information

JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM200 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I. 5 Credit Hours. Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce

JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM200 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I. 5 Credit Hours. Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS CHM200 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I 5 Credit Hours Prepared by: Richard A. Pierce Revised Date: January 2008 by Ryan H. Groeneman Arts & Science Education Dr. Mindy Selsor, Dean

More information

2. (12 pts) Write the reactions that correspond to the following enthalpy changes: a) H f o for solid aluminum oxide.

2. (12 pts) Write the reactions that correspond to the following enthalpy changes: a) H f o for solid aluminum oxide. 1. (6 pts) Given the following data at 25 o C: 2 O 3 (g) > 3 O 2 (g) H o = 427 kj O 2 (g) > 2 O (g) H o = 495 kj NO (g) + O 3 (g) > NO 2 (g) + O 2 (g) H o = 199 kj Calculate H o for the following reaction

More information

Chemistry. Atomic and Molecular Structure

Chemistry. Atomic and Molecular Structure Chemistry Atomic and Molecular Structure 1. The periodic table displays the elements in increasing atomic number and shows how periodicity of the physical and chemical properties of the elements relates

More information

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions "

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Additions to Alkenes Generally the reaction is exothermic because one π and one σ bond are converted to two σ bonds Alkenes are electron rich The π

More information

Chapter 17. Reactions of Organic Functional Groups Part 2. Reactions of Organic Functional Groups Part 2- page 1

Chapter 17. Reactions of Organic Functional Groups Part 2. Reactions of Organic Functional Groups Part 2- page 1 Chapter 17 Reactions of rganic Functional Groups art 2 Reactions of rganic Functional Groups art 2- page 1 Rxns of rganic Functional Groups art 2: Redox A Closer Look xidation & Reduction Reactions of

More information

Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives The back of the white willow tree (Salix alba) is a source of salicylic acid which is used to make aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) The functional group

More information

VOCABULARY. Set #2. Set #1

VOCABULARY. Set #2. Set #1 VOCABULARY Set #1 1. Absolute zero 2. Accepted value 3. Accuracy 4. Celsius scale 5. Conversion factor 6. Density 7. Dimensional analysis 8. Experimental value 9. Gram 10. International system of units

More information

Chap 11. Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions and Condensation Reactions

Chap 11. Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions and Condensation Reactions Chap 11. Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution eactions and Condensation eactions Four fundamental reactions of carbonyl compounds 1) Nucleophilic addition (aldehydes and ketones) ) Nucleophilic acyl substitution

More information

Course Information. Instructor Information

Course Information. Instructor Information Jordan University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Course Syllabus Fall 2018/2019 Course Information Course Number: CHEM 108 Course Name: General and Organic Chemistry Credit Hours: 4

More information

Synthesis of Nitriles a. dehydration of 1 amides using POCl 3 : b. SN2 reaction of cyanide ion on halides:

Synthesis of Nitriles a. dehydration of 1 amides using POCl 3 : b. SN2 reaction of cyanide ion on halides: I. Nitriles Nitriles consist of the CN functional group, and are linear with sp hybridization on C and N. Nitriles are non-basic at nitrogen, since the lone pair exists in an sp orbital (50% s character

More information

p Bonds as Electrophiles

p Bonds as Electrophiles Chapter 7 p Bonds as Electrophiles REACTIONS OF CARBONYLS AND RELATED FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Copyright 2018 by Nelson Education Limited 1 7.2.1 Orbital structure of the carbonyl group Because oxygen is more

More information

Regents review Organic chemistry

Regents review Organic chemistry 2011-2012 1. Which structural formula represents a saturated hydrocarbon? 2. Which molecule contains ten hydrogen atoms? A) butane B) butene C) propane D) propene 3. A double carbon-carbon bond is found

More information

KOT 222 Organic Chemistry II

KOT 222 Organic Chemistry II KOT 222 Organic Chemistry II Course Objectives: 1) To introduce the chemistry of alcohols and ethers. 2) To study the chemistry of functional groups. 3) To learn the chemistry of aromatic compounds and

More information

Carbonyl groups react via nucleophilic addition, with the mechanism being represented as follows:

Carbonyl groups react via nucleophilic addition, with the mechanism being represented as follows: Aldehydes and Ketones Introduction Aldehydes and ketones are two similar homologous groups both having the carbonyl group: The Carbon on the carbonyl group is slightly positive wince the Oxygen is pulling

More information

Ch 20 Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Ch 20 Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles Ch 20 Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles Carboxylic Acids (RCO 2 H) are compounds with an OH attached to a carbonyl. Nitriles (RC N) are compounds a carbon-nitrogen triple bond. Naming Carboxylic Acids 1. Replace

More information

Sir Wilfred Grenfell College CHEMISTRY 1810

Sir Wilfred Grenfell College CHEMISTRY 1810 Sir Wilfred Grenfell College MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY OF NEWFOUNDLAND CHEMISTRY 1810 Sample Final Examination Time: Two and One-Half Hours Name: Student Number: Instructor: Read the following carefully This

More information

CHAPTER 19: CARBONYL COMPOUNDS III

CHAPTER 19: CARBONYL COMPOUNDS III CHAPTER 19: CARBONYL COMPOUNDS III A hydrogen bonded to a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl carbon is sufficiently acidic to be removed by a strong base. The carbon adjacent to a carbonyl carbon is called

More information

ORGANIC - CLUTCH CH ALCOHOLS AND CARBONYL COMPOUNDS.

ORGANIC - CLUTCH CH ALCOHOLS AND CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: INTRO TO REDOX Oxidation reactions involve an increase in the content of a molecule Reduction reactions involve an increase in the content of a molecule EXAMPLE: Label the

More information

-AP Biology Biochemistry/Chemistry Review

-AP Biology Biochemistry/Chemistry Review -AP Biology Biochemistry/Chemistry Review Name Chapter 2 - The Nature of Molecules Sections 2.1-2.3 Chapter 3 The Chemical building blocks of life 1. What occurrence 12.5 billion years ago is proposed

More information

8-3 This exercise is worked out on page 293 as "Working with Concepts".

8-3 This exercise is worked out on page 293 as Working with Concepts. Copyright 2009 James K Whitesell 8-1 This exercise combines your knowledge of basic nomenclature rules and concepts of stereochemistry introduced in Chapters 4 and 5. 8-2 Keep in mind that faculty at UCSD

More information

Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols. Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition

Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols. Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition Alcohols and Phenols Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a a saturated C (sp 3 ) They are important solvents and

More information

CHAPTER 11. The Mole. Mole. One mole of = 6.02 x 10 = 6.02 x 10 CaCl = 6.02 x x 10. Representative Particle. molecules, or formula units

CHAPTER 11. The Mole. Mole. One mole of = 6.02 x 10 = 6.02 x 10 CaCl = 6.02 x x 10. Representative Particle. molecules, or formula units CHAPTER 11 The Mole 11.1 The Mole: Measurement of Matter Matter is measured in one of three ways: (How many?) Mole SI unit that measures the amount of a substance 6.02 x 10 particles of that substance.

More information

Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life

Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Information in this chapter establishes a foundation for later discussion and elaboration of molecular-level events and processes in biological systems. Ensuring

More information

Chapter 19 Carboxylic Acids

Chapter 19 Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids have the formula RCO2H. Nomenclature Chapter 19 Carboxylic Acids For the parent alkane, drop the terminal e and add the suffix oic acid. The parent alkane is the longest continuous chain

More information

Chem 42 Final Review Sheet Mr. J. Fassler Spring 2018

Chem 42 Final Review Sheet Mr. J. Fassler Spring 2018 Chem 42 Final Review Sheet Mr. J. Fassler Spring 2018 These problems are given to help you review concepts you may have forgotten. Old tests, quizzes and review sheets are also important in studying. Chapter

More information

Chapter 16. Aldehydes and Ketones I. Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group. Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones. Synthesis of Aldehydes

Chapter 16. Aldehydes and Ketones I. Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group. Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones. Synthesis of Aldehydes Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones Chapter 16 Aldehydes and Ketones I. Aldehydes replace the -e of the parent alkane with -al The functional group needs no number Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl

More information

Suggested solutions for Chapter 6

Suggested solutions for Chapter 6 s for Chapter 6 6 PRBLEM 1 Draw mechanisms for these reactions: NaB 4 Et, 2 1. LiAl 4 C 2. 2 Rehearsal of a simple but important mechanism that works for all aldehydes and ketones. Draw out the B 4 and

More information

Lecture 15. More Carbonyl Chemistry. Alcohols React with Aldehydes and Ketones in two steps first O R'OH, H + OR" 2R"OH R + H 2 O OR" 3/8/16

Lecture 15. More Carbonyl Chemistry. Alcohols React with Aldehydes and Ketones in two steps first O R'OH, H + OR 2ROH R + H 2 O OR 3/8/16 Lecture 15 More Carbonyl Chemistry R" R C + R' 2R" R C R" R' + 2 March 8, 2016 Alcohols React with Aldehydes and Ketones in two steps first R', + R R 1 emiacetal reacts further in acid to yield an acetal

More information

ORGANIC - BROWN 8E CH CARBOXYLIC ACIDS.

ORGANIC - BROWN 8E CH CARBOXYLIC ACIDS. RGANIC - BRWN 8E CH. 17 - CARBXYLIC ACIDS!! www.clutchprep.com RGANIC - BRWN 8E CH. 17 - CARBXYLIC ACIDS CNCEPT: CARBXYLIC ACID NMENCLATURE IUPAC: Replace alkane -e with Substituents are located using

More information

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Introduction: Additions to Alkenes Generally the reaction is exothermic because one π and one σ bond are converted to two σ bonds The π electrons of

More information

Hyperlearning MCAT Instructor Qualifying Exam Organic Chemistry

Hyperlearning MCAT Instructor Qualifying Exam Organic Chemistry Hyperlearning MCAT Instructor Qualifying Exam Organic Chemistry 30 Questions (5 pages); Time limit = 45 minutes Use of books or notes is not permitted. 1. When analyzed with a polarimeter, which of the

More information

Aldehydes & Ketones LEVEL I. Phenol (enol form) Phenol is aromatic, so equiulibrium is shifted to the right hand side. b) O

Aldehydes & Ketones LEVEL I. Phenol (enol form) Phenol is aromatic, so equiulibrium is shifted to the right hand side. b) O Subjective Problems Aldehydes & Ketones LEVEL I 1. a) 2,4cyclohexadiene-1-one (keto form) Phenol (enol form) Phenol is aromatic, so equiulibrium is shifted to the right hand side. b) Base This ketone is

More information

Chapter 2. Molecular Representations

Chapter 2. Molecular Representations hapter 2. Molecular Representations 3 () 3 ( 3 ) 2 3 3 3 8 Lewis (Kekule) structure ondensed and par6ally condensed structure Skeletal (bond- line) structure Molecular formula Amoxicillin a widely prescribed

More information

Organic Chemistry 112 A B C - Syllabus Addendum for Prospective Teachers

Organic Chemistry 112 A B C - Syllabus Addendum for Prospective Teachers Chapter Organic Chemistry 112 A B C - Syllabus Addendum for Prospective Teachers Ch 1-Structure and bonding Ch 2-Polar covalent bonds: Acids and bases McMurry, J. (2004) Organic Chemistry 6 th Edition

More information

CHAPTER 20: MORE ABOUT OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS Oxidation Reduction Reactions of Organic Compounds: An Overview

CHAPTER 20: MORE ABOUT OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS Oxidation Reduction Reactions of Organic Compounds: An Overview CHAPTER 20: MORE ABOUT OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS In an oxidation-reduction reaction (redox reaction), one species loses electrons and one gains electrons. The species that loses electrons is oxidized,

More information

Chemistry 5.07SC Biological Chemistry I Fall Semester, 2013

Chemistry 5.07SC Biological Chemistry I Fall Semester, 2013 Chemistry 5.07SC Biological Chemistry I Fall Semester, 2013 Lecture 9 Biochemical Transformations I. Carbon-carbon bond forming and cleaving reactions in Biology (see the Lexicon). Enzymes catalyze a limited

More information

Detailed Course Content

Detailed Course Content Detailed Course Content Chapter 1: Carbon Compounds and Chemical Bonds The Structural Theory of Organic Chemistry 4 Chemical Bonds: The Octet Rule 6 Lewis Structures 8 Formal Charge 11 Resonance 14 Quantum

More information

Alcohol Synthesis. Dr. Sapna Gupta

Alcohol Synthesis. Dr. Sapna Gupta Alcohol Synthesis Dr. Sapna Gupta Synthesis of Alcohols Alcohols can be synthesized from several functional groups. Nucleophilic substitution of O - on alkyl halide ydration of alkenes water in acid solution

More information

AP Chemistry Common Ion Effect; 16.6 ionization constants, will. Equilibria with Weak Acids and and the preparation of buffer

AP Chemistry Common Ion Effect; 16.6 ionization constants, will. Equilibria with Weak Acids and and the preparation of buffer Instructional Unit Acid-Base Equibria 16.1 Acid-Ionizaation Equilibria; Students will perform Students will distinguish Oral response, written 3.1.12C, 16.2 Polyprotic Acids; 16.3 Base- calculations involving

More information

ORGANIC - EGE 5E CH. 2 - COVALENT BONDING AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY

ORGANIC - EGE 5E CH. 2 - COVALENT BONDING AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: HYBRID ORBITAL THEORY The Aufbau Principle states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy. If carbon has only two unfilled orbitals, why does it like to

More information

CHEMISTRY 1A SPRING 2011 EXAM 1 KEY CHAPTERS 1-4

CHEMISTRY 1A SPRING 2011 EXAM 1 KEY CHAPTERS 1-4 You might find the following useful. Electronegativities H 2.2 CHEMISTRY 1A SPRING 2011 EXAM 1 KEY CHAPTERS 1- Li Be B C N O F 0.98 1.57 2.0 2.55.0..98 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl 0.9 1.1 1.61 1.9 2.19 2.58.16

More information

Double Bond: C 2 H 4. An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes

Double Bond: C 2 H 4. An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes Double Bond: C 2 H 4 An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes Top view of the sp 2 hybrid Side view of the sp 2 hybrid + the unhybridized p orbital 1 Double Bond: C 2

More information

N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2. Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number.

N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2. Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number. N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 88106105 CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) 1 hour 15 minutes 0 0 Candidate session number INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your session number

More information

In the exam, you will be asked to tackle questions such as the one below. 6 volt d.c. power supply

In the exam, you will be asked to tackle questions such as the one below. 6 volt d.c. power supply Get started AO1, AO2 3 Electrolysis Electrolysis is the decomposition (breakdown) of a compound using electricity. This unit will help you to explain what happens in electrolysis and to predict and explain

More information

Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance:

Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance: 1. Match the following to their IR spectra (30 points) Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance: a e a 2941 1716 d f b 3333 c b 1466 1.the - absorption(s) between 3100 and 2850 cm-1.

More information

Chapter 18: Ketones and Aldehydes. I. Introduction

Chapter 18: Ketones and Aldehydes. I. Introduction 1 Chapter 18: Ketones and Aldehydes I. Introduction We have already encountered numerous examples of this functional group (ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, etc). The three-dimensional

More information

CHEM Chapter 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions (quiz) W25

CHEM Chapter 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions (quiz) W25 CHEM 2425. Chapter 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions (quiz) W25 Student: 1. Which of the following statements about Aldol reactions with either aldehydes or ketones is true? Equilibrium favors the starting

More information

18.10 Conjugate Additions O O. O X BrCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CCH 3 ± ± BrCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3. TsOH 1 O C O O W 3 CH 3 CCH 3 CH 3 CCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3

18.10 Conjugate Additions O O. O X BrCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CCH 3 ± ± BrCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3. TsOH 1 O C O O W 3 CH 3 CCH 3 CH 3 CCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 80 NJUGATE ADDITINS 779 An attempt to form a Grignard reagent from 5-bromo- 2-pentanone is doomed to failure because the Grignard will react with the carbonyl group Therefore, the carbonyl group is first

More information

Cation Exchange Capacity, CEC

Cation Exchange Capacity, CEC Cation Exchange Capacity, CEC The basic building blocks of clay minerals are: silicon atoms surrounded by four oxygen atoms (tetrahedra), and aluminium atoms surrounded by six hydroxide groups (dioctahedra),

More information

UNIT 4 REVISION CHECKLIST CHEM 4 AS Chemistry

UNIT 4 REVISION CHECKLIST CHEM 4 AS Chemistry UNIT 4 REVISION CHECKLIST CHEM 4 AS Chemistry Topic 4.1 Kinetics a) Define the terms: rate of a reaction, rate constant, order of reaction and overall order of reaction b) Deduce the orders of reaction

More information

When we deprotonate we generate enolates or enols. Mechanism for deprotonation: Resonance form of the anion:

When we deprotonate we generate enolates or enols. Mechanism for deprotonation: Resonance form of the anion: Lecture 5 Carbonyl Chemistry III September 26, 2013 Ketone substrates form tertiary alcohol products, and aldehyde substrates form secondary alcohol products. The second step (treatment with aqueous acid)

More information

But in organic terms: Oxidation: loss of H 2 ; addition of O or O 2 ; addition of X 2 (halogens).

But in organic terms: Oxidation: loss of H 2 ; addition of O or O 2 ; addition of X 2 (halogens). Reactions of Alcohols Alcohols are versatile organic compounds since they undergo a wide variety of transformations the majority of which are either oxidation or reduction type reactions. Normally: Oxidation

More information

CHEMISTRY 263 HOME WORK

CHEMISTRY 263 HOME WORK Lecture Topics: CHEMISTRY 263 HOME WORK Module7: Hydrogenation of Alkenes Hydrogenation - syn and anti- addition - hydrogenation of alkynes - synthesis of cis-alkenes -synthesis of trans-alkenes Text sections:

More information

AP Chemistry Standards and Benchmarks

AP Chemistry Standards and Benchmarks Standard: Understands and applies the principles of Scientific Inquiry Benchmark 1: Scientific Reasoning Course Level Benchmarks A. Formulates and revises scientific explanations and models B. Understands

More information

Practice Test 1 Bio 103 Name

Practice Test 1 Bio 103 Name Practice Test 1 Bio 103 Name 1) An atom with an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19 would have an atomic mass of approximately? a) 10 Daltons b) 19 Daltons c) 9 grams d) 9 Daltons e) 20 grams 2)

More information

Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers.

Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers. Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers. (a) Explain what fertilisers are used for............. (b) The amount of nitrogen in a fertiliser is important. How many

More information

CHEMISTRY ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES

CHEMISTRY ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES CHEMISTRY ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES Lesson Intentions In this lesson we will classify substances as Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Key Words 1. Compounds 2. Mixtures 3. Elementary 4. Symbols 5. Reaction

More information

18.8 Oxidation. Oxidation by silver ion requires an alkaline medium

18.8 Oxidation. Oxidation by silver ion requires an alkaline medium 18.8 Oxidation Oxidation by silver ion requires an alkaline medium Test for detecting aldehydes Tollens reagent to prevent precipitation of the insoluble silver oxide, a complexing agent is added: ammonia

More information

Bio-elements. Living organisms requires only 27 of the 90 common chemical elements found in the crust of the earth, to be as its essential components.

Bio-elements. Living organisms requires only 27 of the 90 common chemical elements found in the crust of the earth, to be as its essential components. Bio-elements Living organisms requires only 27 of the 90 common chemical elements found in the crust of the earth, to be as its essential components. Most of the chemical components of living organisms

More information

Test 5: Periodic Table, Ionic, and Molecular Compounds

Test 5: Periodic Table, Ionic, and Molecular Compounds Name: - Grade/Group: Subject: Chemistry-7 Teacher: Mrs. Raj Date: Test 5: Periodic Table, Ionic, and Molecular Compounds Directions: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement

More information

Ch 22 Carbonyl Alpha ( ) Substitution

Ch 22 Carbonyl Alpha ( ) Substitution Ch 22 Carbonyl Alpha () Substitution The overall reaction replaces an H with an E + The acid-catalyzed reaction has an enol intermediate The base-catalyzed reaction has an enolate intermediate Keto-Enol

More information

CHEM 203 Exam 2. Name Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

CHEM 203 Exam 2. Name Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. CHEM 203 Exam 2 Name Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is the IUPAC name of 5-ethyl-2,3-dimethyl-6-hexanol 2-ethyl-4-isopropyl-1-pentanol

More information

video 14.4 isomers isomers Isomers have the molecular formula but are rearranged in a structure with different properties. Example: Both C 4 H 10

video 14.4 isomers isomers Isomers have the molecular formula but are rearranged in a structure with different properties. Example: Both C 4 H 10 video 14.4 isomers isomers Isomers have the molecular formula but are rearranged in a structure with different properties. Example: Both C 4 H 10 Butane Methylpropane 1 match the isomers drawing an isomer

More information

Contents. 1 Matter: Its Properties and Measurement 1. 2 Atoms and the Atomic Theory Chemical Compounds Chemical Reactions 111

Contents. 1 Matter: Its Properties and Measurement 1. 2 Atoms and the Atomic Theory Chemical Compounds Chemical Reactions 111 Ed: Pls provide art About the Authors Preface xvii xvi 1 Matter: Its Properties and Measurement 1 1-1 The Scientific Method 2 1-2 Properties of Matter 4 1-3 Classification of Matter 5 1-4 Measurement of

More information

Still More Carbonyl Chemistry

Still More Carbonyl Chemistry Lecture 17 Still More arbonyl hemistry ' ' A B P( 6 5 ) 3 A P( 6 5 ) 3 B March 22, 2018 eaction Theme The most common reaction of a carbonyl group is addition of a nucleophile to form a tetrahedral addition

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Ch16_PT MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group? ketone B) aldehyde C) amine D)

More information

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions. Alkenes are electron rich. Additions to Alkenes

Chapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions. Alkenes are electron rich. Additions to Alkenes Additions to Alkenes hapter 8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition eactions Generally the reaction is exothermic because one π and one σ bond are converted to two σ bonds Alkenes are electron rich The carbocation

More information

49 56 (8 Q's) Solutions YOU WILL SKIP THIS SECTION ENTIRELY (8 Q's) Organic Chemistry 12 none

49 56 (8 Q's) Solutions YOU WILL SKIP THIS SECTION ENTIRELY (8 Q's) Organic Chemistry 12 none ACS Standardized Exam for CHM 122 Breakdown of Questions by Topic Question # Topic Covered Problem Set Section in ACS Book 1 12 (12 Q's) Kinetics 1, 2 Dynamics 13 24 (12 Q's) Equilibrium 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

More information

How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? How many neutrons are there in one atom of 24 Mg?

How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? How many neutrons are there in one atom of 24 Mg? 1 A 2 B 3 C The atomic number of Na is 11. How many electrons are there in a sodium ion, Na +? How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? What is the mass in grams

More information

A Level Chemistry A H432/03 Unified chemistry. Practice paper Set 1 Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes

A Level Chemistry A H432/03 Unified chemistry. Practice paper Set 1 Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes A Level Chemistry A H432/03 Unified chemistry Practice paper Set 1 Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes You must have: the Data Sheet for Chemistry A You may use: a scientific calculator a ruler (cm/mm) First

More information

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 1 Chapter 4 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions (4.1) Precipitation Reactions (4.2) Acid-Base Reactions (4.3) Oxidation-Reduction Reactions (4.4) Concentration of Solutions

More information

3. Organic Geochemisty Organic Chemistry is the chemistry... of Carbon -Morrison and Boyd

3. Organic Geochemisty Organic Chemistry is the chemistry... of Carbon -Morrison and Boyd 3. Organic Geochemisty Organic Chemistry is the chemistry... of Carbon -Morrison and Boyd Definitions, Nomenclature Organic Compound Solubility Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient Organic Compound Sorption

More information