MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL. Work sheet II. Term II. Level 8 Chemistry [Paper IV] Name: SULFUR AND AIR AND WATER

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL. Work sheet II. Term II. Level 8 Chemistry [Paper IV] Name: SULFUR AND AIR AND WATER"

Transcription

1 MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Work sheet II Term II Level 8 Chemistry [Paper IV] Name: SULFUR AND AIR AND WATER 1. Nitrogen dioxide and other oxides of nitrogen are formed in car engines. a) Explain how these oxides are formed. b) How are they removed from the exhaust gases? Sulfur is used to make sulfuric acid. In the UK, the annual production of the acid is about 2.5 million tonnes. a) The reactions in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the Contact Process are shown below. I. Give a large scale source of the element sulfur. II. State another use of sulfur dioxide.

2 III. How is sulfur changed into sulfur dioxide? IV. Name the catalyst used in reaction 2. V. Reaction 2 is exothermic. Why is a catalyst, rather than a higher temperature, used to increase the rate of this reversible reaction? VI. Write a word equation for reaction 3. VII. Write a symbol equation for reaction 4. b) About one third of this production of acid is used to make nitrogen and phosphorus containing fertilizers. I. Name the third element that is essential for plant growth and is present in most fertilizers. II. Name a nitrogen-containing fertilizer that is manufactured from sulfuric acid. 3. Sulfuric acid is manufactured by the Contact Process. Sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide by oxygen. a) Name the catalyst used in this reaction.

3 b) What temperature is used for this reaction? c) Describe how sulfur trioxide is changed into sulfuric acid. 4. Sulfuric acid is made by the Contact process in the following sequence of reactions. a) (i) How is sulfur dioxide made from sulfur? (ii) Sulfur dioxide has other uses. Why is it used in the manufacture of paper? (iii) How does it preserve food? (b) The equation for a stage of the Contact process is The percentage of sulfur trioxide in the equilibrium mixture varies with temperature. I. How does the percentage of sulfur trioxide in the equilibrium mixture vary as the temperature increases? Circle the correct answer. increases stays the same decreases

4 II. Is the forward reaction in the equilibrium exothermic or endothermic? Give a reason for your choice... III. Explain, mentioning both rate and percentage yield, why the temperature used in the Contact process is 450 C... IV. Describe how the sulfur trioxide is changed into concentrated sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid is a typical strong acid. Change the equations given into a different format. i. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2 Change into a word equation. ii. lithium oxide + sulfuric acid lithium sulfate + water Change into a symbol equation. iii. Na2CO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + CO2+ H20 Change into a word equation..

5 6. Sulfur dioxide is used to make sulfur trioxide in the Contact Process. The forward reaction is exothermic. The conditions used are: temperature: 450 C pressure: 2 atmospheres catalyst: vanadium(v) oxide Explain, mentioning both position of equilibrium and rate, why these conditions give the most economic yield Ozone is a form of oxygen. Ozone is present in the upper atmosphere and it prevents dangerous solar radiation from reaching the Earth s surface. Some of the chemicals that diffuse into the upper atmosphere decompose ozone. Chemicals that have this effect are methane (CH4), chloromethane (CH3Cl ) and an oxide of nitrogen (NO2). i. The oxides of nitrogen are atmospheric pollutants. Describe how they are formed... ii. Complete the equation for the decomposition of ozone.... O Sulfuric acid is produced by the Contact process. The steps of the Contact process are shown. (a) Sulfur is a common starting material for the Contact process. Name a source of sulfur....

6 (b) Describe step 2, giving reaction conditions and a chemical equation. Reference to reaction rate and yield is not required. (c) Step 3 involves adding sulfur trioxide to concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum. Complete the chemical equation for this reaction. H2SO4 + SO A) Ammonia, NH3, is made by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen in the Haber process. (i) Write a chemical equation for the formation of ammonia in the Haber process. (ii) Name the raw materials from which nitrogen and hydrogen are obtained. Nitrogen... Hydrogen... (iii) State the temperature and pressure used in the Haber process. Include the units. Temperature... Pressure... (b) Ammonia is also made when ammonium carbonate decomposes. (NH4)2CO3(s) 2NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CO2(g) The reaction is reversible and can reach a position of equilibrium. The graph shows how the yield of ammonia at equilibrium changes with temperature and pressure.

7 (i) What is meant by the term equilibrium for a reversible reaction? (ii) Using information from the graph, explain whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic. (iii) State and explain the effect of increasing the pressure on the yield of ammonia in this reaction. 10. Sulfur dioxide is used to make sulfur trioxide in the Contact Process. The forward reaction is exothermic. The conditions used are: Temperature: 450 C Pressure: 2 atmospheres Catalyst: vanadium(v) oxide Explain, mentioning both position of equilibrium and rate, why these conditions give the most economic yield.

F325: Equilibria, Energetics and Elements How Far?

F325: Equilibria, Energetics and Elements How Far? F325: Equilibria, Energetics and Elements 5.1.2 How Far? 100 marks 1. Syngas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases, used as a feedstock for the manufacture of methanol. A dynamic equilibrium

More information

(g) 2NH 3. (g) ΔH = 92 kj mol 1

(g) 2NH 3. (g) ΔH = 92 kj mol 1 1 The uses of catalysts have great economic and environmental importance For example, catalysts are used in ammonia production and in catalytic converters (a) Nitrogen and hydrogen react together in the

More information

MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL. Work sheet III. Term I. Level 8 Chemistry [MCQ] Name: CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SULFUR

MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL. Work sheet III. Term I. Level 8 Chemistry [MCQ] Name: CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SULFUR MARIYA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Work sheet III Term I Level 8 Chemistry [MCQ] Name: CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SULFUR 1. A steel works and a chemical works are built near to a city. The limestone buildings in the

More information

Kinetics & Equilibrium Review Packet. Standard Level. 1. Which quantities in the enthalpy level diagram are altered by the use of a catalyst?

Kinetics & Equilibrium Review Packet. Standard Level. 1. Which quantities in the enthalpy level diagram are altered by the use of a catalyst? Kinetics & Equilibrium Review Packet Standard Level 1. Which quantities in the enthalpy level diagram are altered by the use of a catalyst? Enthalpy I II III Time A. I and II only B. I and III only C.

More information

1 (a) Describe a chemical test which shows the presence of water. Describe how water is treated before it is supplied to homes and industry.

1 (a) Describe a chemical test which shows the presence of water. Describe how water is treated before it is supplied to homes and industry. 1 (a) Describe a chemical test which shows the presence of water. test... colour change if water is present...... [3] (b) How could you show that a sample of water is pure?...[1] (c) Describe how water

More information

(g) + 3H 2. (g) 2NH 3. (g) (a) Explain what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium. (2)

(g) + 3H 2. (g) 2NH 3. (g) (a) Explain what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium. (2) 1 When nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, the reaction can reach a dynamic equilibrium. (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g) (a) Explain what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium. (b) In industry, the reaction

More information

Unit 8: Equilibrium Unit Review

Unit 8: Equilibrium Unit Review 1. Predict the effect of increasing pressure on the position of equilibrium in the following systems: a. CH 4 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 (g) b. N 2 O 5 (g) + NO(g) 3NO 2 (g) c. NO(g) + NO 2 (g) N

More information

Manufacture and uses includes sulfur dioxide questions

Manufacture and uses includes sulfur dioxide questions Manufacture and uses includes sulfur dioxide questions Question Paper 3 Level Subject ExamBoard Topic Sub-Topic IGCSE Paper (Extended) Theory Booklet Question Paper 3 Chemistry CIE Sulfur Manufacture and

More information

Page 2. Q1.In industry ethanol is produced by the reaction of ethene and steam at 300 C and 60 atmospheres pressure using a catalyst.

Page 2. Q1.In industry ethanol is produced by the reaction of ethene and steam at 300 C and 60 atmospheres pressure using a catalyst. Q1.In industry ethanol is produced by the reaction of ethene and steam at 300 C and 60 atmospheres pressure using a catalyst. The equation for the reaction is: C 2 H 4 (g) + H 2 O (g) C 2 H 5 OH (g) The

More information

We use a special symbol to denote a reaction which is reversible: The double-headed arrow means the reaction can go in either direction

We use a special symbol to denote a reaction which is reversible: The double-headed arrow means the reaction can go in either direction Reversible reactions Some reactions do not go to completion we don t get 100% yield because not all of the reactants react to form products. One of the reasons for this is that some reactions are reversible

More information

QUESTIONS: Equilibria AS & AS

QUESTIONS: Equilibria AS & AS QUESTION (2012:2) Phosphorus pentachloride gas, PCl 5 (g), decomposes to form phosphorus trichloride gas, PCl 3 (g), and chlorine gas, Cl 2 (g). The equilibrium can be represented as: PCl 5 (g) Ý PCl 3

More information

State how a catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction. ...

State how a catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction. ... Q1. This question is about the use of transition metals as catalysts. (a) State how a catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction. State the characteristic property of transition metals that enables them to

More information

(b) Describe, and explain, what would happen to the position of the NO 2 /N 2 O 4 equilibrium if the following changes are made

(b) Describe, and explain, what would happen to the position of the NO 2 /N 2 O 4 equilibrium if the following changes are made 1. Nitrogen dioxide, NO 2, and dinitrogen tetroxide, N 2 O 4, take part in the following equilibrium. 2NO 2 (g) N 2 O 4 (g) ΔH = 58 kj mol 1 (a) State le Chatelier s principle. (b) Describe, and explain,

More information

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time

Chemical Reactions. Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Chemical changes are occurring around us all the time Food cooking Fuel being burned in a car s engine Oxygen being used in the human body The starting materials are called reactants The ending materials

More information

The word equation shows the reaction between anhydrous cobalt chloride and water.

The word equation shows the reaction between anhydrous cobalt chloride and water. 1 The word equation shows the reaction between anhydrous cobalt chloride and water. anhydrous cobalt chloride (blue) + water hydrated cobalt chloride (pink) (a) Name the type of reaction shown by the sign

More information

Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water. Chemistry C3 Higher Questions Part 2 Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water. The methane gas will not burn in oxygen until a flame is applied, but once lit it continues

More information

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA. Section A Q1 The dissociation of dinitrogen tetraoxide into nitrogen dioxide is represented by the equation below.

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA. Section A Q1 The dissociation of dinitrogen tetraoxide into nitrogen dioxide is represented by the equation below. Section A Q1 The dissociation of dinitrogen tetraoxide into nitrogen dioxide is represented by the equation below. If the temperature of an equilibrium mixture of the gases is increased at constant pressure,

More information

OH, is an important feedstock for the chemical industry.

OH, is an important feedstock for the chemical industry. 1 Methanol, CH 3 OH, is an important feedstock for the chemical industry. In the manufacture of methanol, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are reacted together in the reversible reaction shown below. CO 2 (g)

More information

CHAPTER 13: Nitrogen and Sulfur

CHAPTER 13: Nitrogen and Sulfur CHAPTER 13: Nitrogen and Sulfur 13.1 Nitrogen Compounds 13.2 Environmental Consequences of Using Nitrogen Compounds 13.3 Sulfur Compounds Learning outcomes: (a) explain the lack of reactivity of nitrogen.

More information

91166 Demonstrate understanding of chemical reactivity Collated questions on equilibria

91166 Demonstrate understanding of chemical reactivity Collated questions on equilibria (2017:2) 91166 Demonstrate understanding of chemical reactivity Collated questions on equilibria The addition of a small amount of iron to a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen gases helps to speed up the

More information

Q1. (a) State what is meant by the term activation energy of a reaction. (1)

Q1. (a) State what is meant by the term activation energy of a reaction. (1) Q1. (a) State what is meant by the term activation energy of a reaction. (c) State in general terms how a catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction. The curve below shows the Maxwell Boltzmann

More information

(03) WMP/Jun10/CHEM4

(03) WMP/Jun10/CHEM4 Thermodynamics 3 Section A Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 1 A reaction mechanism is a series of steps by which an overall reaction may proceed. The reactions occurring in these steps may

More information

(g) + 2H 2. (g) CH [1] (g) H 2. Explain, with a calculation, whether this reaction is feasible at 25 C [3]

(g) + 2H 2. (g) CH [1] (g) H 2. Explain, with a calculation, whether this reaction is feasible at 25 C [3] 1 This question looks at two reactions involving sulfur compounds (a) Hydrogen reacts with carbon disulfide as shown below 4H 2 + CS 2 CH 4 + 2H 2 S For this reaction, ΔH = 234 kj mol 1 and ΔS = 164 J

More information

Name Chemistry Exam #8 Period: Unit 8: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, & Equilibrium

Name Chemistry Exam #8 Period: Unit 8: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, & Equilibrium 1. Which quantities must be equal for a chemical reaction at equilibrium? (A) the potential energies of the reactants and products (B) the concentrations of the reactants and products (C) the activation

More information

F322: Chains, Energy and Resources Rates and Equilibria

F322: Chains, Energy and Resources Rates and Equilibria F322: Chains, Energy and Resources 2.3.2 Rates and Equilibria 1. Dilute aqueous hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2 (aq), is used to sterilise contact lenses. Dilute H 2 O 2 (aq) slowly decomposes at room temperature

More information

Case Study: The Industrial Manufacture of Ammonia The Haber Process

Case Study: The Industrial Manufacture of Ammonia The Haber Process Case Study: The Industrial Manufacture of Ammonia The Haber Process In the Haber Process, ammonia (NH3) is synthesised from nitrogen and hydrogen gases: N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) Ý 2NH3(g), ΔH = 92.4 kjmol -1

More information

Part 7- Quantitative Chemistry Application Questions Triple Science

Part 7- Quantitative Chemistry Application Questions Triple Science Part 7- Quantitative Chemistry Application Questions Triple Science How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic

More information

Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water. Q1. Methane and oxygen react together to produce carbon dioxide and water. The methane gas will not burn in oxygen until a flame is applied, but once lit it continues to burn. (a) Explain why energy must

More information

AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 4.2 EQUILIBRIA BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 4.2 EQUILIBRIA BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 4.2 EQUILIBRIA BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS 1 1. (a) The diagram below shows the effect of temperature and pressure on the equilibrium yield of the product in a gaseous

More information

(b) Increase in pressure. (1)

(b) Increase in pressure. (1) 1 This question is about the equilibrium reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide. H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) H 2 O(g) + O(g) H = +40 kj mol 1 What effect would the following changes have on the rate of reaction

More information

Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers.

Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers. Q1. As the world population increases there is a greater demand for fertilisers. (a) Explain what fertilisers are used for............. (b) The amount of nitrogen in a fertiliser is important. How many

More information

Test bank chapter (3)

Test bank chapter (3) Test bank chapter (3) Choose the correct answer 1. What is the mass, in grams, of one copper atom? a) 1.055 10 - g b) 63.55 g c) 1 amu d) 1.66 10-4 g. Determine the number of moles of aluminum in 96.7

More information

Chemical Equilibrium Practice Problems #2

Chemical Equilibrium Practice Problems #2 Chemical Equilibrium Practice Problems #2 2-20-2015 1. A CPHS student does an equilibrium experiment with the general chemical equation and derives the 2 graphs below: A = B: a. When at equilibrium is

More information

Level 2 Chemistry, 2014

Level 2 Chemistry, 2014 91166 911660 2SUPERVISOR S Level 2 Chemistry, 2014 91166 Demonstrate understanding of chemical reactivity 2.00 pm Tuesday 11 November 2014 Credits: Four Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with

More information

1. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and oxygen is a dynamic equilibrium (2)

1. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and oxygen is a dynamic equilibrium (2) 1. The reaction between sulphur dioxide and oxygen is a dynamic equilibrium. SO + O SO 3 H = 196 kjmol 1 (a) Explain what is meant by dynamic equilibrium.......... () (b) In the table below state the effect

More information

Name period AP Unit 8: equilibrium

Name period AP Unit 8: equilibrium Name period AP Unit 8: equilibrium 1. What is equilibrium? Rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction 2. How can you tell when equilibrium has been reached? The concentrations

More information

Lower Sixth Chemistry. Sample Entrance Examination

Lower Sixth Chemistry. Sample Entrance Examination Lower Sixth Chemistry Sample Entrance Examination Time allowed: 60 minutes Name: Total : 60 Marks INSTRUCTIONS : Answer all questions Answers should be written in the spaces provided Dictionaries or reference

More information

1. The reaction between solid barium hydroxide and solid ammonium chloride can be represented by the equation below.

1. The reaction between solid barium hydroxide and solid ammonium chloride can be represented by the equation below. 1. The reaction between solid barium hydroxide and solid ammonium chloride can be represented by the equation below. Ba(OH) 2 (s) + 2NH 4 Cl(s) BaCl 2 (s) + 2NH 3 (g) + 2H 2 O(l) ΔH ο = +51.1 kj mol 1

More information

AP Study Questions

AP Study Questions Class: Date: AP 19.5-19.7 Study Questions Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 3. The value of G at 25 C for the formation of POCl 3 from its constituent

More information

The fertiliser industry

The fertiliser industry The fertiliser industry The industrial production of fertilisers For more information on this section refer to the Chemical Industries Resource Pack. The industrial production of fertilisers involves several

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY TOPIC 3 ENERGY AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS

SUPPLEMENTARY TOPIC 3 ENERGY AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS SUPPLEMENTARY TOPIC 3 ENERGY AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS Rearranging atoms. In a chemical reaction, bonds between atoms in one or more molecules (reactants) break and new bonds are formed with other atoms to

More information

A group of students investigated the volume of gas produced.

A group of students investigated the volume of gas produced. Q1.Lithium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. A group of students investigated the volume of gas produced. This is the method used. 1. Place a known mass of lithium carbonate in a conical

More information

International General Certificate of Secondary Education UNIVERSITYOF CAMBRIDGELOCALEXAMINATIONSYNDICATE CHEMISTRY 0620/3

International General Certificate of Secondary Education UNIVERSITYOF CAMBRIDGELOCALEXAMINATIONSYNDICATE CHEMISTRY 0620/3 Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Name International General Certificate of Secondary Education UNIVERSITYOF CAMBRIDGELOCALEXAMINATIONSYNDICATE CHEMISTRY 0620/3 PAPER 3 Thursday 27 MAY 1999 Afternoon

More information

AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria

AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria AS Paper 1 and 2 Kc and Equilibria Q1.When one mole of ammonia is heated to a given temperature, 50 per cent of the compound dissociates and the following equilibrium is established. NH 3(g) ½ N 2 (g)

More information

Ch 9 Stoichiometry Practice Test

Ch 9 Stoichiometry Practice Test Ch 9 Stoichiometry Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A balanced chemical equation allows one to determine the a. mole ratio

More information

How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? How many neutrons are there in one atom of 24 Mg?

How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? How many neutrons are there in one atom of 24 Mg? 1 A 2 B 3 C The atomic number of Na is 11. How many electrons are there in a sodium ion, Na +? How many hydrogen atoms are there in the empirical formula of propene, C 3 H 6? What is the mass in grams

More information

(1) Calculate the total relative mass of just the iron atoms in the formula, Fe 2 O (1) (1)

(1) Calculate the total relative mass of just the iron atoms in the formula, Fe 2 O (1) (1) 1 Follow the steps to find the percentage of iron in iron oxide. Relative atomic masses: O 16; Fe 56. (i) Step 1 Calculate the relative formula mass of iron oxide, Fe 2 O 3....... (ii) Step 2 Calculate

More information

(g) + 3H 2. (g) 2NH [2] State two changes to the reaction conditions which would increase the percentage of ammonia at equilibrium....

(g) + 3H 2. (g) 2NH [2] State two changes to the reaction conditions which would increase the percentage of ammonia at equilibrium.... 1 Ammonia is made by the Haber process. N 2 + 3H 2 2 The forward reaction is exothermic. Typical reaction conditions are: finely divided iron calyst, temperure 450 C, pressure 200 mospheres. (a) Explain

More information

Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia.

Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia. Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia. (a) Complete the word equation for the reaction that takes place in the first reaction vessel. ammonia +... nitrogen

More information

Chemical reactions. C2- Topic 5

Chemical reactions. C2- Topic 5 Chemical reactions C2- Topic 5 What is a chemical reaction? A chemical reaction is a change that takes place when one or more substances (called reactants) form one or more new substances (called products)

More information

CHEMISTRY HIGHER LEVEL

CHEMISTRY HIGHER LEVEL *P15* PRE-LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2008 CHEMISTRY HIGHER LEVEL TIME: 3 HOURS 400 MARKS Answer eight questions in all These must include at least two questions from Section A All questions carry

More information

Chemical Reactions Unit

Chemical Reactions Unit Name: Hour: Teacher: ROZEMA / Chemistry Chemical Reactions Unit 1 P a g e 2 P a g e 3 P a g e 4 P a g e 5 P a g e 6 P a g e Chemistry Balancing Equations Balance the following equations by inserting the

More information

ST EDWARD S OXFORD 16+ ENTRANCE EXAMINATION. For entry in September Chemistry. Use of a calculator is permitted.

ST EDWARD S OXFORD 16+ ENTRANCE EXAMINATION. For entry in September Chemistry. Use of a calculator is permitted. ST EDWARD S OXFORD 16+ ENTRANCE EXAMINATION For entry in September 2017 Chemistry Use of a calculator is permitted Time: 1 hour Candidate s Name: Total marks available: 60 St Edward's School 16+ Entrance

More information

1 Iodine reacts with chlorine to form dark brown iodine monochloride. I 2 + Cl 2 2ICl

1 Iodine reacts with chlorine to form dark brown iodine monochloride. I 2 + Cl 2 2ICl 1 Iodine reacts with chlorine to form dark brown iodine monochloride. I 2 + Cl 2 2ICl This reacts with more chlorine to give yellow iodine trichloride. An equilibrium forms between these iodine chlorides.

More information

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM. Chapter 15

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM. Chapter 15 Chapter 15 P a g e 1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Examples of Dynamic Equilibrium Vapor above a liquid is in equilibrium with the liquid phase. rate of evaporation = rate of condensation Saturated solutions rate

More information

What does rate of reaction mean?

What does rate of reaction mean? Junior Science What does rate of reaction mean? It is not how much of a product is made, but instead how quickly a reaction takes place. The speed of a reaction is called the rate of the reaction. What

More information

EQUILIBRIUM and LE CHATELIER S PRINCIPLE

EQUILIBRIUM and LE CHATELIER S PRINCIPLE EQUILIBRIUM and LE CHATELIER S PRINCIPLE Why? When opposing forces or issues are balanced, a system is said to be in equilibrium. Equilibrium in chemical reactions is dynamic because the forward and reverse

More information

Write a balanced equation for the thermal decomposition of calcium nitrate. ... (2)

Write a balanced equation for the thermal decomposition of calcium nitrate. ... (2) 1. (a) When solid calcium nitrate is heated, brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide, NO 2, are seen and the solid remaining after decomposition is calcium oxide. Write a balanced equation for the thermal decomposition

More information

2 EQUILIBRIUM 2.1 WHAT IS EQUILIBRIUM? 2.2 WHEN IS A SYSTEM AT EQUILIBRIUM? 2.3 THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT

2 EQUILIBRIUM 2.1 WHAT IS EQUILIBRIUM? 2.2 WHEN IS A SYSTEM AT EQUILIBRIUM? 2.3 THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT 2 EQUILIBRIUM 2.1 WHAT IS EQUILIBRIUM? In general terms equilibrium implies a situation that is unchanging or steady. This is generally achieved through a balance of opposing forces. In chemistry equilibrium

More information

6. Which will react faster: Magnesium and 2M hydrochloric acid, or Magnesium and 0.5M hydrochloric acid?

6. Which will react faster: Magnesium and 2M hydrochloric acid, or Magnesium and 0.5M hydrochloric acid? REACTION RATES WORKSHEET WS#1 1. Identify the three components of collision theory. What are the three factors that must be true for a collision to be successful? a. b. c. 2. Do all collisions result in

More information

Chemistry 142 (Practice) MIDTERM EXAM II November. Fill in your name, section, and student number on Side 1 of the Answer Sheet.

Chemistry 142 (Practice) MIDTERM EXAM II November. Fill in your name, section, and student number on Side 1 of the Answer Sheet. Chemistry 4 (Practice) MIDTERM EXAM II 009 November (a) Before starting, please check to see that your exam has 5 pages, which includes the periodic table. (b) (c) Fill in your name, section, and student

More information

[2] The table below shows the enthalpy changes that are needed to determine the enthalpy change of hydration of magnesium ions.

[2] The table below shows the enthalpy changes that are needed to determine the enthalpy change of hydration of magnesium ions. 1 Born Haber cycles provide a model that chemists use to determine unknown enthalpy changes from known enthalpy changes. In this question, you will use a Born Haber cycle to determine an enthalpy change

More information

Formulate an operational definition of reaction rate. Include: examples of chemical reactions that occur at different rates.

Formulate an operational definition of reaction rate. Include: examples of chemical reactions that occur at different rates. Kinetics 1 UNIT 2: KINETICS OUTCOMES All important vocabulary is in Italics and bold. Formulate an operational definition of reaction rate. Include: examples of chemical reactions that occur at different

More information

Equilibrium. Dynamic Equilibrium, Position of Equilibrium, Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium, Equilibrium Law January 2015

Equilibrium. Dynamic Equilibrium, Position of Equilibrium, Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium, Equilibrium Law January 2015 Equilibrium Dynamic Equilibrium, Position of Equilibrium, Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium, Equilibrium Law January 2015 Equilibrium Review What is equilibrium? Features of equilibrium the rate of the forward

More information

Methane contains atoms of two elements, combined chemically. Methane is a mixture of two different elements.

Methane contains atoms of two elements, combined chemically. Methane is a mixture of two different elements. Q1.Methane (CH 4) is used as a fuel. (a) The displayed structure of methane is: Draw a ring around a part of the displayed structure that represents a covalent bond. (b) Why is methane a compound? Tick

More information

Excellence International School Chemistry Academic Year Grade 9 Revision sheet 3 Topic: unit 8 speed of reaction

Excellence International School Chemistry Academic Year Grade 9 Revision sheet 3 Topic: unit 8 speed of reaction Unit 9 : 9.1&9.2 Name:... Class:.. Date: Paper 2 Excellence International School Chemistry Academic Year 2016-2017 Grade 9 Revision sheet 3 Topic: unit 8 speed of reaction 1 st term 1. A student was investigating

More information

Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below. electrical heat light kinetic. an endothermic an exothermic a neutralisation a reduction

Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below. electrical heat light kinetic. an endothermic an exothermic a neutralisation a reduction Q1. The diagram shows some magnesium ribbon burning. (a) Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below. electrical heat light kinetic an endothermic an exothermic a neutralisation a reduction

More information

Equilibrium & Reaction Rate

Equilibrium & Reaction Rate Equilibrium & Reaction Rate 1. One of the important reactions in coal gasification is the catalytic methanation reaction: CO(g) + H (g) H O(g) + CH 4 (g) H 06 kj a) Predict the direction in which this

More information

AP Chapter 13: Kinetics Name

AP Chapter 13: Kinetics Name AP Chapter 13: Kinetics Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. AP Chapter 13: Kinetics 2 Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1.

More information

AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 8-1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM: AN INTRODUCTION

AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 8-1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM: AN INTRODUCTION AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 8-1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM: AN INTRODUCTION Chemical Equilibrium a dynamic state in which the rate of the forward reaction and the rate of the reverse reaction in a system are equal (the

More information

Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia.

Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia. Q1. The chart shows the processes involved in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia. (a) Complete the word equation for the reaction that takes place in the first reaction vessel. ammonia +... nitrogen

More information

All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. H 2 O+ CO H 2 +CO 2. Rate of reverse reaction (H 2 + CO 2 )

All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. H 2 O+ CO H 2 +CO 2. Rate of reverse reaction (H 2 + CO 2 ) 4.2 Equilibria Many reactions are reversible + 3H 2 2NH 3 All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when forward and backward reactions are occurring at equal

More information

IGCSE TEST_ (Ch. 2,3,4,5,6) Name... Date...

IGCSE TEST_ (Ch. 2,3,4,5,6) Name... Date... IGCSE TEST_ (Ch. 2,3,4,5,6) Name... Date... 1 Winston Churchill, a British Prime Minister, had his false teeth electroplated with gold. The teeth were coated with a thin layer of carbon and were then placed

More information

Chapter 18. Reversible Reactions. A chemical reaction in which the products can react to re-form the reactants is called a reversible reaction.

Chapter 18. Reversible Reactions. A chemical reaction in which the products can react to re-form the reactants is called a reversible reaction. Section 1 The Nature of Chemical Equilibrium Reversible Reactions A chemical reaction in which the products can react to re-form the reactants is called a reversible reaction. Section 1 The Nature of Chemical

More information

3.2.2 Kinetics. Maxwell Boltzmann distribution. 128 minutes. 128 marks. Page 1 of 16

3.2.2 Kinetics. Maxwell Boltzmann distribution. 128 minutes. 128 marks. Page 1 of 16 3.2.2 Kinetics Maxwell Boltzmann distribution 128 minutes 128 marks Page 1 of 16 Q1. The diagram shows the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution for a sample of gas at a fixed temperature. E a is the activation

More information

Equilibrium. Introduction

Equilibrium. Introduction Equilibrium Introduction From kinetics, we know that reactants sometimes collide to give products. But why can t products collide to go back to reactants? Theoretically, all chemical reactions are reversible.

More information

6. Which expression correctly describes the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? 4NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4NO(g) + 6H 2 O(g)

6. Which expression correctly describes the equilibrium constant for the following reaction? 4NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4NO(g) + 6H 2 O(g) 1. Which of the following can we predict from an equilibrium constant for a reaction? 1. The extent of a reaction 2. Whether the reaction is fast or slow 3. Whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic

More information

Unit 2 Exam (Fall 2017) Seat # Name Lab Section: M Tu W Th

Unit 2 Exam (Fall 2017) Seat # Name Lab Section: M Tu W Th Unit 2 Exam (Fall 2017) Seat # Name Lab Section: M Tu W Th MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. (3.5 pts ea) 1) In a covalent compound

More information

Part 8- Chemistry Paper 2 Using Resources Triple Science

Part 8- Chemistry Paper 2 Using Resources Triple Science Part 8- Chemistry Paper 2 Using Resources Triple Science How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge

More information

1.6 Chemical equilibria and Le Chatelier s principle

1.6 Chemical equilibria and Le Chatelier s principle 1.6 Chemical equilibria and Le Chatelier s principle Reversible reactions: Consider the reaction: Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + H2(g) The reaction stops when all of the limiting reagent has been used up.

More information

17.2 Thermochemical Equations

17.2 Thermochemical Equations 17.2. Thermochemical Equations www.ck12.org 17.2 Thermochemical Equations Lesson Objectives Define enthalpy, and know the conditions under which the enthalpy change in a reaction is equal to the heat absorbed

More information

N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2. Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number.

N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2. Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number. N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 88106105 CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) 1 hour 15 minutes 0 0 Candidate session number INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your session number

More information

ALE 1. Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Chemical Reactions

ALE 1. Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Chemical Reactions Name Chem 163 Section: Team Number: ALE 1. Chemical Kinetics: Rates of Chemical Reactions (Reference: Sections 16.1 16.2 + parts of 16.5 16.6 Silberberg 5 th edition) How do the surface area, concentration

More information

ammonia carbon dioxide hydrogen nitrogen electrical heat solar sound (a) In air, the two most common gases are oxygen and...

ammonia carbon dioxide hydrogen nitrogen electrical heat solar sound (a) In air, the two most common gases are oxygen and... Chemistry C1 Foundation Questions Q1. Choose words from this list to complete the sentences, ammonia carbon dioxide hydrogen nitrogen electrical heat solar sound (a) In air, the two most common gases are

More information

CHEMISTRY 2816/01. Unifying Concepts. OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS Advanced GCE. 1 hour 15 minutes

CHEMISTRY 2816/01. Unifying Concepts. OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS Advanced GCE. 1 hour 15 minutes OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS Advanced GCE CHEMISTRY 2816/01 Unifying Concepts Monday 19 JUNE 2006 Afternoon 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the question paper. Additional materials: Data

More information

(a) graph Y versus X (b) graph Y versus 1/X

(a) graph Y versus X (b) graph Y versus 1/X HOMEWORK 5A Barometer; Boyle s Law 1. The pressure of the first two gases below is determined with a manometer that is filled with mercury (density = 13.6 g/ml). The pressure of the last two gases below

More information

Q.1 Write out equations for the reactions between...

Q.1 Write out equations for the reactions between... 1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Dynamic Equilibrium not all reactions proceed to completion some end up with a mixture of reactants and products this is because some reactions are reversible; products revert to

More information

8. The table below describes two different reactions in which Reaction 1 is faster. What accounts for this observation? Reaction 1 Reaction 2.

8. The table below describes two different reactions in which Reaction 1 is faster. What accounts for this observation? Reaction 1 Reaction 2. Public Review - Rates and Equilibrium June 2005 1. What does X represent in the diagram below? (A) activation energy for the forward reaction (B) activation energy for the reverse reaction (C) heat of

More information

Rates of Reaction. Question Paper. Save My Exams! The Home of Revision. Exam Board. Page 1. Score: /249. Percentage: /100

Rates of Reaction. Question Paper. Save My Exams! The Home of Revision. Exam Board. Page 1. Score: /249. Percentage: /100 Rates of Reaction Question Paper Level Subject Exam Board Unit Topic Difficulty Level Booklet GCSE Chemistry AQA C2 Rates of Reaction Silver Level Question Paper Time Allowed: 249 minutes Score: /249 Percentage:

More information

Science: Chemistry. Paper 2 Higher Tier [G1404] 2 hours.

Science: Chemistry. Paper 2 Higher Tier [G1404] 2 hours. Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2012 Science: Chemistry Paper 2 Higher Tier [G1404] G1404 FRIDAY 22 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 2 hours. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

More information

Chapter 15 Equilibrium

Chapter 15 Equilibrium Chapter 15. Chemical Equilibrium Sample Exercise 15.1 (p. 632) Write the equilibrium expression for K eq for these three reactions: a) 2 O 3(g) 3 O 2(g) b) 2 NO (g) + Cl 2(g) 2 NOCl (g) c) Ag + (aq) +

More information

Questions Booklet. UNIT 1: Principles & Applications of Science I CHEMISTRY SECTION. Level 3 Applied Science. Name:.. Teacher:..

Questions Booklet. UNIT 1: Principles & Applications of Science I CHEMISTRY SECTION. Level 3 Applied Science. Name:.. Teacher:.. Level 3 Applied Science UNIT 1: Principles & Applications of Science I CHEMISTRY SECTION Questions Booklet Name:.. Teacher:.. Level 3 Applied Science 2017-2018 Unit 1 (Chemistry) 1 1. State the relative

More information

5. The mass of oxygen required to completely convert 4.0 grams of hydrogen to water is 1) 8.0 grams; 2) 2.0 grams; 3) 32 grams; 4) 16 grams.

5. The mass of oxygen required to completely convert 4.0 grams of hydrogen to water is 1) 8.0 grams; 2) 2.0 grams; 3) 32 grams; 4) 16 grams. CHEMISTRY TEST NAME: MASS AND VOLUME DATE: EQUATION RELATIONSHIPS Directions: For each of the following questions, choose the number that best answers the question and place it on your answer sheet. Directions:

More information

Chemistry (14-16) SSER Ltd. Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions

Chemistry (14-16) SSER Ltd. Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions Chemistry (14-16) SSER Ltd. Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions Energy Level Diagrams The energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction can be represented by energy level diagrams. Exothermic reactions

More information

Calculating Reaction Rates 1:

Calculating Reaction Rates 1: Calculating Reaction Rates 1: 1. A 5.0g sample of magnesium reacts complete with a hydrochloric acid solution after 150 s. Express the average rate of consumption of magnesium, in units of g/min. 2. How

More information

LECTURE 9: Chemical Equilibrium

LECTURE 9: Chemical Equilibrium LECTURE 9: Chemical Equilibrium REACTION GIBBS ENERGY Consider the simple reaction A B» Examples d-alanine to l- alanine» Suppose an infintesimal amount of n A converts to n B, then dn A =-dn B» If we

More information

c. Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water

c. Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water Name: Date: Period: REVIEW CHAPTERS 10 AND 18 1. Identify the type of each of the following reactions: a. 2Mg + O 2 2 MgO Synthesis b. Fe + CuSO 4 FeSO 4 + Cu Single-Replacement (SR) c. CaCO 3 CaO + CO

More information

AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 5.1 THERMODYNAMICS BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 5.1 THERMODYNAMICS BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TOPIC 5.1 THERMODYNAMICS BOOKLET OF PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS 1 1. A Born Haber cycle for the formation of calcium sulphide is shown below. The cycle includes enthalpy changes for all

More information

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA: GENERAL CONCEPTS

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA: GENERAL CONCEPTS CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA: GENERAL CONCEPTS THE NATURE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM STATE: Equilibrium is the state where the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant with time. (in stoichiometry,

More information