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8 O A. Fill in the blanks (use the following list) atalyst ionization aid indiator eletrolyte rate base ph Date: b1 hemistry Review II neutralization onentration 1. A(n) AID is a substane that when dissolved in water ionizes to farm H ions and anions.. The _ph sale is used to determine the degree of aidity or alkalinity.. The amount of pure aid or base per 1 L of water is the definition of,.onentration,_._.. 4. When on ioni substane is dissolved in water it undergoes the proess of _IONIZATION_,,,,,,. 5. A(n) BA5E_ is a substane that when dissolved in water ionizes to form ations and OH ions. 6. An aqueous solution that is apable of onduting eletriity is known as a(n) _ELETROLYTE,._. 7. A substane that speeds up hemial reations is alled a _ATALYST_. 8. The speed at whih a reation ours is the _RATE_ of reation. 9. A(n) INDIATOR is a substane that hanges olour at a speifi ph range. 1, Water and salt are the produts of a _NEUTRALIZATION, reation. B. True or False (If the statement is false, rewrite the statement to make it true) 11. A strong base and a weak base ould have the same ph level F An aid with a ph of is O times stronger than an aid with a ph of Eah 1 unit on the ph sale represents a tenfold inrease in onentration. T 14. F 15. broing the surfae area of a reatant would inrease the rate of reation. INREASING Inreasing the onentration of the reatants would inrease the rate of reation. T 16. F 17. Deraing the temperature of the reation would inrease the rate of reation. INREASING Phenolphthalein turns pink in an eeid. F BASE. Similarities/Differenes (desribe similarities/differenes between eah pair) 18. aid/base 19. red litmus/blue litmus BOTH DISSOIATE TO FORM IONS BOTH INbIATE ph OF SOLUTION AIDS FORM HO RED LITMUS TURNS BLUE IN A BASE BASES FORM OH BLUE LITMUS TURNS RED IN AN AID. surfae area/temperature BOTH AFFET THE RATE OF REATION INREASING SURFAE AREA INREASES RATE INREASING TEMPERATURE INREASES RATE. strong aid/weak aid BOTH INDIATE THE POTENTIAL TO IONIZE STRONG AIDS FULLY IONIZE WEAK AIDS PARTIALLY IONIZE 4. H/OH TOGETHER MAKE H H RELEASED FROM AIDS OH RELEASED FROM BASES 1, onentration/ionization BOTH INDIATE AMOUNT OF IONS IN SOLN [)IS AMOUNT OF SOLUTE (mol) / LITRE IONIZATION IS AMOUNT OF IONS / MOLEULE. bromothymol blue/phenolphtalein BOTH ARE INDIATORS BTB TURNS YELLOW IN AIDS PHENOLPHTHALEIN TURNS PINK IN A BASE 5. metal oxides/nonmetal oxides BOTH ARE OXIDES METAL OXIDES IN WATER MAKE BASES NONMETAL OXIDES IN WATER MAKE AIDS

9 b. Multiple hoie (hoose the best answer) 6. Whih of the following is an aid? a) NaOH b) H ) HH d) Mg(OH) O 7. Whih of the following would make an aid when dissolved in water? a) sulphur trioxide SO() + HO(i) > HSOq) b) magnesium oxide ) aluminum oxide d) opper(i) oxide 8. Whih of the following would make a base when dissolved in water? a) arbon dioxide b) sulphur trioxide ) sodium oxide + NQHoqi d) nitrogen dioxide 5) ( N 9. What type of reation ours between NaOH + HI? a) synthesis b) deomposition ) single displaement d) double displaement. The ph of the reation in # 9 should be a) b)5 ) 7 d)9 1. When Alkaseltzer is ground into a powder, it reats more quikly in water. This is an example of the effet of: a) onentration b) surfae area ) temperature d) a atalyst. ake batter rises when the ake is baked. This is an example of the effet of: a) onentration b) surfae area ) temperature d) a atalyst. Whih of the following is a strong aid? a) HH b) NaOH ) HI d) H O H5

10 WEAK STRONG E. harateristis of Aids & Bases (fill in the following hart) INDIATOR/TEST Red Litmus Paper AID REb BASE BLUE Blue Litmus Paper REb BLUE Phenolphthalein LEAR PINK Bromothymol Blue YELLOW BLUE Feel N/A SLIPPERY Taste SOUR BITTER Reation with Mg RELEASES H(9) NR Reation with baking soda RELEASES O(g) ondutivity STRONG = YES = YES = POOR WEAK = POOR F. Making Aids & Bases (write out the aid or base produt and then balane the equation) 4. (g) + H() 85O4(aq) 5 5. KOs + HO KOHaq> 6. Na s HOr NGOH(oq) 7. Oa + HO HO(aq) ARBONOUS AIb 8. MgO + HO) Mg(OH)(aq)

11 G. Neutralization (Write down the aid and base required to produe the following salts) 9. Na 54 NQOH(Gq) + HSOoq) 4. M9I Mg(OH)(aq) + HI(aq) 41. NiNO NGOH(aq) HNO(q) 4, L1 PO4 LIOH(aq) HPO 4(aq) 4. KI KOH(q) + HI q) H. Identifiation of unknowns. (Explain how to identify eah substane in the beakers by using different tests) 44. Suppose you are given five beakers, eah ontaining an unknown liquid. One is distilled water, one is a strong aid, one is a weak aid, one is a base and one is a salt solution. besribe how you would find out whih was whih. PHENOLPHTHALEIN: ONbUIVITY BTB bistilleb WATER = LEAR, AIbS = LEAR, SALT = LEAR, TEST bistilleb WATER NO STRONG AIb = BRIGHT WEAK A_... SALT = BRIGHT = STRONG AIb = YELLOW, SALT SOLUTION = I. AidBase Appliation. 45. Explain why putting lemon on bitter tasting fish helps to minimize the bitter taste of fish. LEMON (AIb) NEUTRALIZES FISH (BASI) MAKING IT TASTE LESS BASI 46. A healthy pool has a ph level between 6.7 and 7,. When a pool s ph level beomes too basi, algae starts to grow If algae began to grow in the pool, what would you reommend that the pool owner should do to ounter at the algae growth? Abb HLORINE OR BROMINE (AIb) TO MAKE IT LESS BASI SO ALGAE STOPS GROWING.