Simplified analysis of EXAFS data and determination of bond lengths
|
|
- Laura Griffith
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Indian Journa of Pure & Appied Physics Vo. 49, January 0, pp. 5-9 Simpified anaysis of EXAFS data and determination of bond engths A Mishra, N Parsai & B D Shrivastava * Schoo of Physics, Devi Ahiya University, Indore * Schoo of Studies in Physics, Vikram University, Uain *E-mai: amishra960@yahoo.co.in Received 4 March 00; revised 7 Juy 00; accepted December 00 A simpified anaysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data has been presented for copper and nicke metas. EXAFS data has been generated using standard EXAFS equation empoying the software Mathcad. The phase shift for the backscattered photoeectron wave has been obtained from the experimenta data itsef. The backscattering ampitude taken from the avaiabe tabuations and other parameters taken from crystaographic data have been used as input to the EXAFS equation. The theoretica EXAFS data and its Fourier transform agree we with the experimenta resuts. The bond ength obtained for the first coordination she compares we with the crystaographic vaue. Keywords: EXAFS, Mathcad, Fourier transform, Artemis, Feff, Bond ength Introduction X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) refers to moduations in X-ray absorption coefficient ust above an X-ray absorption edge. XAFS is often divided into X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), which ies within the first 30 ev of the edge position and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), which ies beyond 30 ev above the absorption edge. The physica origin of EXAFS and XANES is basicay same, i.e., the scattering of a photoeectron by its environment. XAFS is an important probe of materias, since it contains information of the oca atomic structure, i.e., the species of atoms present and their ocations, but extracting this information is often compicated. However, the quantitative anaysis in the EXAFS range is reativey simper. Information avaiabe from EXAFS is the average distance between the absorbing atom and its neighbouring atoms, mean square variation in the distance and coordination number. EXAFS is appicabe to condensed matter (both crystaine and amorphous) and gases. Singe crystas are not required. Appications that immediatey come to mind are compicated bioogica moecues, aoys and amorphous materias, soution chemistry and cataysts. Earier, a simpe and innovative procedure for anaysis of EXAFS data was presented,3. The method was demonstrated to yied satisfactory resuts for Cu (II) isoxezo and Cu (II) pyridine mixed igand compexes,3. In this procedure, the theoretica EXAFS data was generated, empoying computer software Mathcad, for the first coordination she around the absorbing atom, using standard EXAFS equation,4. For this cacuation, the required phase shift was extracted from the experimenta data itsef and the backscattering ampitude was assumed to be equa to one. The atter assumption is over simpification of the rea situation. In the present study, we have incuded the backscattering ampitude aso in the cacuations so that better agreement may be obtained between the theoretica and experimenta spectra and the information obtained from the anaysis about the oca atomic structure may be accurate. In order to standardize the procedure outined in the present work, we thought it proper to appy it to standard systems. Hence, for the present anaysis, we have taken the experimenta EXAFS spectra of copper and nicke meta fois, obtained at room temperature at the synchrotron EXAFS beam ines at Daresbury (U.K.). Methodoogy The attenuation of X-rays by matter generay foows the reation: I = I 0 exp[ µ ( E) x] () where µ(e) is the X-ray absorption coefficient, I 0 is the incident intensity, I is the transmitted intensity and x is the sampe thickness. The EXAFS is defined as the normaized osciatory part of µ(e) and is given by:
2 6 INDIAN J PURE & APPL PHYS, VOL 49, JANUARY 0 χ ( E) = [ µ ( E) µ ( E)] / µ () 0 0 where µ 0 (E) is the smoothy varying portion of µ(e) past the absorption edge and µ 0 is the edge step. The χ(e) data is converted to data by using the reation: k E E / = [3( 0)] (3) where E 0 is the threshod energy. The EXAFS equation that has become the standard for current work is,4 : 0 kr ( ) ( ) ( ) N S F k χ k = sin[kr + δ ( k)] exp ( σ k ) exp [ R / λ ( k)] (4) The subscript denotes the various scattering paths. N is the number of atoms in the th coordination she, R is the average radia distance to the th atom, σ is mean square deviation about the bond ength. S 0 is the passive eectron reduction factor and accounts for the sight reaxation of the remaining eectrons in the presence of the core-hoe vacated by the photoeectron. S 0 usuay has a vaue between 0.7 and and is different for different eements. The function F (k) is the photoeectron backscattering ampitude and δ (k) is the scattering phase shift for each scattering path. λ(k) is the photoeectron mean free path which is dominated by ifetime of the excited state. The backscattering ampitude is given by 5 : F( k) = ( + )(exp iδ )( ) ik (5) where is the anguar momentum of the fina state and δ (k) are the partia wave phase shifts. The anaysis depends on the argument of the sine term in Eq. (4) as foows: sin[kr + δ ( k)] (6) δ is assumed as inear in k, δ = α k + β (7) Substituting into the argument of sine and rearranging for the first coordination she ( = ), it is convenient to define n by 6 : ( n ) + π = k ( R α ) + β (8) where n = 0,, 4 for maxima and n =, 3, 5 for minima. Using the graphica method outined by Lyte, Sayers and Stern 4 (LSS method), a pot of n versus k for the maxima and minima of the measured EXAFS data determines (R α ) from sope and β from intercept. Once, an EXAFS has been obtained experimentay, its interpretation begins with a Fourier transform of the data. The Fourier transform is taken as 7 : φ w ( R) = k χ( k)exp( ikr) dk kmax w (9) π kmin where w is usuay, or 3, and k min and k max are the minimum and maximum vaues of k, respectivey. The w = 3 transform weights ess the ow-energy portion of, where the undesirabe uncertainties occur, whie it weights most the high-energy portion of. For this reason, we have empoyed φ 3 (R) as Fourier transform in this paper. A Fourier transform of wi have peaks at R=R corresponding to average radia distance (R) of the th atom from the absorbing atom. Thus, the positions of the peaks in the Fourier transform of the EXAFS signa are reated to the distance between the absorbing atom and the neighbouring atoms, and the height is reated to the number of neighbouring atoms at this distance. The distance found in the Fourier transform is about 0.-Å, shorter than the actua distance because of the phase shift δ (k). If this factor was absent, the peak in Fourier transform woud have been a direct measure of R. Hence, to extract the information about the various parameters that can be determined from EXAFS data, the data has to be compared with accuratey known standard, i.e., either theoretica or experimenta standard 8,9. A theoretica standard is a theoreticay simuated spectrum. The crystaographic data can serve as a basis for generating theoretica standard using computer program such as Feff avaiabe in the software Artemis. In Artemis, the parameters of the EXAFS equation come in two sets. First set incudes the terms R, σ, N and S 0. The parameters of this type are the things that may be parameterized in Artemis. The second set of parameters incudes the terms F (k) and δ (k). These are k-dependent functions that have to do with the detais of the atomic
3 MISHRA et a.: ANALYSIS OF EXAFS DATA 7 species of the absorber and scatterer(s), the number of egs that the scattering path has, and the anges through which the photoeectron scatters as it traverses the path. In Artemis, parameters of this type are computed by Feff and typicay not atered during the course of the fit. That is, Artemis takes the Feff cacuations of the various F (k) and δ (k) functions as true and uses them as the basis for determining the vaues of the first set of parameters. An experimenta standard is an EXAFS spectrum of a known materia. The two functions F (k) and δ (k) can aso be obtained by using experimenta standards 9,0. The ampitude and phase can be extracted from the experimenta EXAFS data of mode compounds, by back-transforming fitered shes. Then these can be used to fit the EXAFS data of the unknown compound to determine the vaues of the first set of parameters. The anaysis of EXAFS data requires expertise and is time-consuming because appropriate theoretica mode has to be obtained by varying the various parameters in the EXAFS equation, even though computer softwares ike Artemis are avaiabe for this purpose. In the present work, we have deveoped a simpified anaysis procedure for extracting bond ength for the first coordination she from the experimenta EXAFS data. The method is simpe and nove because cacuations are done using the computer software Mathcad. The theoretica mode is generated through the standard EXAFS equation given in Eq. (4) for the first she. The vaues of N, R, σ and λ are taken from crystaographic data 4,7. The backscattering ampitude F (k) has been taken from the tabes of McKae as we as of Teo and Lee. The phase shift has been extracted from the experimenta data using Eq. (7) in the foowing manner. From the experimenta versus k pots, the vaues of k corresponding to maxima and minima of have been obtained. The vaues of k thus obtained have been used to pot n versus k curves where n have been defined for Eq. (8). The n versus k curves are given in Fig. for both copper and nicke fois. The vaue of (R α ) and β has been determined respectivey from the sope and the intercept of these pots. These vaues of (R α ) and β have been used to obtain the phase factor, which has been used as input in Eq. (4). The theoreticay generated EXAFS data using Eq. (4), is then Fourier transformed using Eq. (9). The Fourier transform peak for the first she occur at R = R α, where R is the measured distance and R is the true distance. Fig. n versus k curves for copper foi and nicke foi 3 Resuts and Discussion Figure gives the experimenta versus k curve as we as the theoretica curves obtained from Eq. (4) for copper foi. Whie three sets of theoretica curves have been presented in this figure as, and, the same experimenta curve has been reproduced in a the three figures. The theoretica curves reported in Figs and are the resuts of using the backscattering ampitude from the tabes of McKae for these cacuations. In these tabes, McKae has given the theoreticay cacuated vaues of backscattering ampitude for different eements. He has done two sets of cacuations, one using R = 4Ǻ and another using R =.5Ǻ. The backscattering ampitudes, using R = 4Ǻ and R =.5Ǻ, have been used by us in obtaining the theoretica curves reproduced in Figs [ and ], respectivey. Simiary, the theoretica curve in Fig. has been obtained using the vaues of backscattering ampitude from the tabes of Teo and Lee. This has been done in order to ascertain if there is a difference in using
4 8 INDIAN J PURE & APPL PHYS, VOL 49, JANUARY 0 the two avaiabe tabuations for the backscattering ampitude, i.e., of McKae and Teo and Lee. The tabes of Teo and Lee use pane wave formaism for the scattering of the outgoing photoeectron by the neighbouring atom, whie the tabes of McKae use curved wave formaism. Though the two formaisms have been reported to give simiar vaues of backscattering ampitude for ower Z eements ike copper and nicke, yet we have used both of them in the present work to compare the theoretica curves obtained from both of them. Figures 3(a,b,c) show the Fourier transform of both the experimenta and the theoretica χ( k) versus k curves of Figs (a,b,c). Figures 4 and 5 are simiar figures for nicke foi. It is seen from Figs to 5 that the theoretica curves as we as their Fourier transforms are in good agreement with their experimenta counterparts, Fig. and theoretica versus k curves for copper foi For cacuations, backscattering ampitude has been taken from McKae (vaues for R = 4 Å) McKae (vaues for R =.5 Å) Teo-Lee Fig. 3 of χ (k) versus k curves of Fig. (a, b, c) for copper foi k(å - ) 0. Experimena k(å - ) k(å - ) Fig. 4 and theoretica versus k curves for nicke foi. For cacuations, backscattering ampitude has been taken from McKae (vaues for R = 4 Å) McKae (vaues for R =.5 Å) Teo-Lee
5 MISHRA et a.: ANALYSIS OF EXAFS DATA Fig. 5 of χ (k) versus k curves of Fig. 4 (a,b,c) for nicke foi showing that the simpified method presented in this work is quite satisfactory. A cose examination of these figures shows that there is hardy any difference in using the tabuations of backscattering ampitude, i.e., of McKae and Teo and Lee. Hence, one can make use of any of these tabes especiay for ower Z eements and for wave vector k >. The vaues of bond ength for the first she in copper and nicke metas obtained from the present anaysis of the EXAFS data are.54 and.47å, respectivey. These vaues are in good agreement with those reported from crystaographic data, i.e.,.556 and.49å, respectivey 3. In the present method, the theoreticay generated data using the standard EXAFS equation has been compared with the experimenta data. Comparison has been done both in the k-space and in the R-space and the agreement between the theoretica and experimenta data has been satisfactory. The resut obtained for bond ength compares we with the crystaographic vaue. In our method, the phase shift has been extracted from the experimenta data itsef and the backscattering ampitude has been taken from the standard theoretica tabuations. 4 Concusions A simpified technique has been presented for the anaysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data and determining the first she bond ength. The method empoyed here, using the Fourier transform technique, is simpe and straightforward, thereby providing a physica picture of the X-ray absorption process. The anaysis uses easiy avaiabe computer program Mathcad. Though, the method outined is simpe, yet it gives adequate resuts, as has been demonstrated in the case of copper and nicke metas. The method can be appied for any pure meta and is quite suitabe for compex systems aso. In the present case, anaysis has been carried out ony for the first she, but it can be extended to other shes aso. References Rehr J J & Abers R C, Rev Mod Phys, 7 (000) 6. Mishra A, Parsai N & Dagonkar N, Indian J Pure & App Phys, 47 (009) Mishra A, Parsai N, Soni N & Awate R, Indian J Pure & App Phys, 48 (00) 8. 4 Lyte F W, Sayers D E & Stern E A, Phys Rev B, (975) Lee P A & Beni G, Phys Rev B, 5 (977) Deshpandey A P, Sapre V B & Mande C, Phys Stat So, 45 (988) Stern E A, Sayers D E & Lyte F W, Phys Rev B, (975) Frenke A I, Murthy V & Newvie M, J Synchrotron Rad, 8 (00) Stern, E A & Head, S M, Handbook on Synchrotron Radiation, Vo, edited by Koch E E (Esevier Science Ltd, North-Hoand), 983, p Key S D, Hesterberg D & Rave B, Methods of Soi Anaysis, Part 5, Mineraogica Methods (Soi Science Society of America, Medison), 008, Chap 4. McKae A G, Knapp G S & Chan S K, Phys Rev B, 33 (986) 84. Teo B K & Lee P A, J Amer Chem Soc, 0 (979) Internationa tabes for X-ray crystaography, Vo. III (Kynoch Press, Birmingham, UK), 96, p. 77.
Comparative XAFS studies of some Cobalt complexes of (3-N- phenyl -thiourea-pentanone-2)
Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS Comparative XAFS studies of some Cobalt complexes of (3-N- phenyl -thiourea-pentanone-2) To cite this article: Namrata soni et al 2016 J. Phys.:
More informationChemical Kinetics Part 2
Integrated Rate Laws Chemica Kinetics Part 2 The rate aw we have discussed thus far is the differentia rate aw. Let us consider the very simpe reaction: a A à products The differentia rate reates the rate
More informationChemical Kinetics Part 2. Chapter 16
Chemica Kinetics Part 2 Chapter 16 Integrated Rate Laws The rate aw we have discussed thus far is the differentia rate aw. Let us consider the very simpe reaction: a A à products The differentia rate reates
More informationApplied Nuclear Physics (Fall 2006) Lecture 7 (10/2/06) Overview of Cross Section Calculation
22.101 Appied Nucear Physics (Fa 2006) Lecture 7 (10/2/06) Overview of Cross Section Cacuation References P. Roman, Advanced Quantum Theory (Addison-Wesey, Reading, 1965), Chap 3. A. Foderaro, The Eements
More informationIn-plane shear stiffness of bare steel deck through shell finite element models. G. Bian, B.W. Schafer. June 2017
In-pane shear stiffness of bare stee deck through she finite eement modes G. Bian, B.W. Schafer June 7 COLD-FORMED STEEL RESEARCH CONSORTIUM REPORT SERIES CFSRC R-7- SDII Stee Diaphragm Innovation Initiative
More informationHYDROGEN ATOM SELECTION RULES TRANSITION RATES
DOING PHYSICS WITH MATLAB QUANTUM PHYSICS Ian Cooper Schoo of Physics, University of Sydney ian.cooper@sydney.edu.au HYDROGEN ATOM SELECTION RULES TRANSITION RATES DOWNLOAD DIRECTORY FOR MATLAB SCRIPTS
More informationA Simple and Efficient Algorithm of 3-D Single-Source Localization with Uniform Cross Array Bing Xue 1 2 a) * Guangyou Fang 1 2 b and Yicai Ji 1 2 c)
A Simpe Efficient Agorithm of 3-D Singe-Source Locaization with Uniform Cross Array Bing Xue a * Guangyou Fang b Yicai Ji c Key Laboratory of Eectromagnetic Radiation Sensing Technoogy, Institute of Eectronics,
More informationNonperturbative Shell Correction to the Bethe Bloch Formula for the Energy Losses of Fast Charged Particles
ISSN 002-3640, JETP Letters, 20, Vo. 94, No., pp. 5. Peiades Pubishing, Inc., 20. Origina Russian Text V.I. Matveev, D.N. Makarov, 20, pubished in Pis ma v Zhurna Eksperimenta noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki,
More informationEXPERIMENT 5 MOLAR CONDUCTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES
EXPERIMENT 5 MOLR CONDUCTIVITIES OF QUEOUS ELECTROLYTES Objective: To determine the conductivity of various acid and the dissociation constant, K for acetic acid a Theory. Eectrica conductivity in soutions
More informationRelated Topics Maxwell s equations, electrical eddy field, magnetic field of coils, coil, magnetic flux, induced voltage
Magnetic induction TEP Reated Topics Maxwe s equations, eectrica eddy fied, magnetic fied of cois, coi, magnetic fux, induced votage Principe A magnetic fied of variabe frequency and varying strength is
More information2M2. Fourier Series Prof Bill Lionheart
M. Fourier Series Prof Bi Lionheart 1. The Fourier series of the periodic function f(x) with period has the form f(x) = a 0 + ( a n cos πnx + b n sin πnx ). Here the rea numbers a n, b n are caed the Fourier
More informationResearch of Data Fusion Method of Multi-Sensor Based on Correlation Coefficient of Confidence Distance
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae 340 The Open Cybernetics & Systemics Journa, 015, 9, 340-344 Open Access Research of Data Fusion Method of Muti-Sensor Based on Correation Coefficient
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.ca] 6 Mar 2017
Indefinite Integras of Spherica Besse Functions MIT-CTP/487 arxiv:703.0648v [math.ca] 6 Mar 07 Joyon K. Boomfied,, Stephen H. P. Face,, and Zander Moss, Center for Theoretica Physics, Laboratory for Nucear
More informationElements of Kinetic Theory
Eements of Kinetic Theory Statistica mechanics Genera description computation of macroscopic quantities Equiibrium: Detaied Baance/ Equipartition Fuctuations Diffusion Mean free path Brownian motion Diffusion
More information$, (2.1) n="# #. (2.2)
Chapter. Eectrostatic II Notes: Most of the materia presented in this chapter is taken from Jackson, Chap.,, and 4, and Di Bartoo, Chap... Mathematica Considerations.. The Fourier series and the Fourier
More informationNumerical Simulation for Optimizing Temperature Gradients during Single Crystal Casting Process
ISIJ Internationa Vo 54 (2014) No 2 pp 254 258 Numerica Simuation for Optimizing Temperature Gradients during Singe Crysta Casting Process Aeksandr Aeksandrovich INOZEMTSEV 1) Aeksandra Sergeevna DUBROVSKAYA
More information1. Measurements and error calculus
EV 1 Measurements and error cacuus 11 Introduction The goa of this aboratory course is to introduce the notions of carrying out an experiment, acquiring and writing up the data, and finay anayzing the
More informationarxiv: v1 [hep-lat] 21 Nov 2011
Deta I=3/2 K to pi-pi decays with neary physica kinematics arxiv:1111.4889v1 [hep-at] 21 Nov 2011 University of Southampton, Schoo of Physics and Astronomy, Highfied, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
More informationIntroduction. Figure 1 W8LC Line Array, box and horn element. Highlighted section modelled.
imuation of the acoustic fied produced by cavities using the Boundary Eement Rayeigh Integra Method () and its appication to a horn oudspeaer. tephen Kirup East Lancashire Institute, Due treet, Bacburn,
More informationBayesian Unscented Kalman Filter for State Estimation of Nonlinear and Non-Gaussian Systems
Bayesian Unscented Kaman Fiter for State Estimation of Noninear and Non-aussian Systems Zhong Liu, Shing-Chow Chan, Ho-Chun Wu and iafei Wu Department of Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering, he University
More informationPHYS 110B - HW #1 Fall 2005, Solutions by David Pace Equations referenced as Eq. # are from Griffiths Problem statements are paraphrased
PHYS 110B - HW #1 Fa 2005, Soutions by David Pace Equations referenced as Eq. # are from Griffiths Probem statements are paraphrased [1.] Probem 6.8 from Griffiths A ong cyinder has radius R and a magnetization
More informationComputational Investigation of Arc Behavior in an Auto-Expansion Circuit Breaker with Gases of SF 6 and N 2 **
Computationa Investigation of Arc Behavior in an Auto-Expansion Circuit Breaker with Gases of SF 6 and N 2 ** Jining Zhang Abstract An eectric arc behavior in a fu-scae 245 kv autoexpansion circuit breaker
More informationA Novel Learning Method for Elman Neural Network Using Local Search
Neura Information Processing Letters and Reviews Vo. 11, No. 8, August 2007 LETTER A Nove Learning Method for Eman Neura Networ Using Loca Search Facuty of Engineering, Toyama University, Gofuu 3190 Toyama
More informationDIGITAL FILTER DESIGN OF IIR FILTERS USING REAL VALUED GENETIC ALGORITHM
DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN OF IIR FILTERS USING REAL VALUED GENETIC ALGORITHM MIKAEL NILSSON, MATTIAS DAHL AND INGVAR CLAESSON Bekinge Institute of Technoogy Department of Teecommunications and Signa Processing
More informationCombining reaction kinetics to the multi-phase Gibbs energy calculation
7 th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering ESCAPE7 V. Pesu and P.S. Agachi (Editors) 2007 Esevier B.V. A rights reserved. Combining reaction inetics to the muti-phase Gibbs energy cacuation
More informationProceedings of Meetings on Acoustics
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Voume 9, 23 http://acousticasociety.org/ ICA 23 Montrea Montrea, Canada 2-7 June 23 Architectura Acoustics Session 4pAAa: Room Acoustics Computer Simuation II 4pAAa9.
More informationFormulas for Angular-Momentum Barrier Factors Version II
BNL PREPRINT BNL-QGS-06-101 brfactor1.tex Formuas for Anguar-Momentum Barrier Factors Version II S. U. Chung Physics Department, Brookhaven Nationa Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 March 19, 2015 abstract A
More informationAn Algorithm for Pruning Redundant Modules in Min-Max Modular Network
An Agorithm for Pruning Redundant Modues in Min-Max Moduar Network Hui-Cheng Lian and Bao-Liang Lu Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1954 Hua Shan Rd., Shanghai
More informationCharge Density from X-ray Diffraction. Methodology
Charge Density from X-ray Diffraction. Methodoogy Ignasi Mata imata@icmab.es Master on Crystaography and Crystaization, 2012 Outine I. Charge density in crystas II. The mutipoar refinement III. Methodoogy
More informationThe influence of temperature of photovoltaic modules on performance of solar power plant
IOSR Journa of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719 Vo. 05, Issue 04 (Apri. 2015), V1 PP 09-15 www.iosrjen.org The infuence of temperature of photovotaic modues on performance
More informationModel Calculation of n + 6 Li Reactions Below 20 MeV
Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 36 (2001) pp. 437 442 c Internationa Academic Pubishers Vo. 36, No. 4, October 15, 2001 Mode Cacuation of n + 6 Li Reactions Beow 20 MeV ZHANG Jing-Shang and HAN Yin-Lu
More informationshould the warm BPMs in LHC be coated with a 100 micron copper layer? (question by Gerhard Schneider)
shoud the warm BPMs in LHC be coated with a micron copper ayer? (question by Gerhard Schneider) 46 BPMs per beam (6 BPMSW, 8 BPMW, 4 BPMWA, 8 BPMWB) Average beta Injection Top Horizonta beta Vertica beta
More informationTarget Location Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Binary Data
Target Location stimation in Wireess Sensor Networks Using Binary Data Ruixin Niu and Pramod K. Varshney Department of ectrica ngineering and Computer Science Link Ha Syracuse University Syracuse, NY 344
More information1 Equivalent SDOF Approach. Sri Tudjono 1,*, and Patria Kusumaningrum 2
MATEC Web of Conferences 159, 01005 (018) IJCAET & ISAMPE 017 https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/01815901005 Dynamic Response of RC Cantiever Beam by Equivaent Singe Degree of Freedom Method on Eastic Anaysis
More informationT.C. Banwell, S. Galli. {bct, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
ON THE SYMMETRY OF THE POWER INE CHANNE T.C. Banwe, S. Gai {bct, sgai}@research.tecordia.com Tecordia Technoogies, Inc., 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA Abstract The indoor power ine network
More information(This is a sample cover image for this issue. The actual cover is not yet available at this time.)
(This is a sampe cover image for this issue The actua cover is not yet avaiabe at this time) This artice appeared in a journa pubished by Esevier The attached copy is furnished to the author for interna
More informationPartial permutation decoding for MacDonald codes
Partia permutation decoding for MacDonad codes J.D. Key Department of Mathematics and Appied Mathematics University of the Western Cape 7535 Bevie, South Africa P. Seneviratne Department of Mathematics
More informationModal analysis of a multi-blade system undergoing rotational motion
Journa of Mechanica Science and Technoogy 3 (9) 5~58 Journa of Mechanica Science and Technoogy www.springerin.com/content/738-494x DOI.7/s6-9-43-3 Moda anaysis of a muti-bade system undergoing rotationa
More informationUltrasonic Measurements of Kinematic Viscosity for Analize of Engine Oil Parameters
th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT 04), October 6-0, 04, Prague, Czech Repubic More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=6344 Utrasonic Measurements of Kinematic Viscosity
More information8 Digifl'.11 Cth:uits and devices
8 Digif'. Cth:uits and devices 8. Introduction In anaog eectronics, votage is a continuous variabe. This is usefu because most physica quantities we encounter are continuous: sound eves, ight intensity,
More information12.2. Maxima and Minima. Introduction. Prerequisites. Learning Outcomes
Maima and Minima 1. Introduction In this Section we anayse curves in the oca neighbourhood of a stationary point and, from this anaysis, deduce necessary conditions satisfied by oca maima and oca minima.
More informationPhysics 127c: Statistical Mechanics. Fermi Liquid Theory: Collective Modes. Boltzmann Equation. The quasiparticle energy including interactions
Physics 27c: Statistica Mechanics Fermi Liquid Theory: Coective Modes Botzmann Equation The quasipartice energy incuding interactions ε p,σ = ε p + f(p, p ; σ, σ )δn p,σ, () p,σ with ε p ε F + v F (p p
More informationSEMINAR 2. PENDULUMS. V = mgl cos θ. (2) L = T V = 1 2 ml2 θ2 + mgl cos θ, (3) d dt ml2 θ2 + mgl sin θ = 0, (4) θ + g l
Probem 7. Simpe Penduum SEMINAR. PENDULUMS A simpe penduum means a mass m suspended by a string weightess rigid rod of ength so that it can swing in a pane. The y-axis is directed down, x-axis is directed
More informationTHE OUT-OF-PLANE BEHAVIOUR OF SPREAD-TOW FABRICS
ECCM6-6 TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, Sevie, Spain, -6 June 04 THE OUT-OF-PLANE BEHAVIOUR OF SPREAD-TOW FABRICS M. Wysocki a,b*, M. Szpieg a, P. Heström a and F. Ohsson c a Swerea SICOMP
More informationQuantum Mechanical Models of Vibration and Rotation of Molecules Chapter 18
Quantum Mechanica Modes of Vibration and Rotation of Moecues Chapter 18 Moecuar Energy Transationa Vibrationa Rotationa Eectronic Moecuar Motions Vibrations of Moecues: Mode approximates moecues to atoms
More informationInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Internationa Journa of Mass Spectrometry 280 (2009) 179 183 Contents ists avaiabe at ScienceDirect Internationa Journa of Mass Spectrometry journa homepage: www.esevier.com/ocate/ijms Stark mixing by ion-rydberg
More informationarxiv:quant-ph/ v3 6 Jan 1995
arxiv:quant-ph/9501001v3 6 Jan 1995 Critique of proposed imit to space time measurement, based on Wigner s cocks and mirrors L. Diósi and B. Lukács KFKI Research Institute for Partice and Nucear Physics
More informationA Statistical Framework for Real-time Event Detection in Power Systems
1 A Statistica Framework for Rea-time Event Detection in Power Systems Noan Uhrich, Tim Christman, Phiip Swisher, and Xichen Jiang Abstract A quickest change detection (QCD) agorithm is appied to the probem
More informationD. Prémel, J.M. Decitre and G. Pichenot. CEA, LIST, F Gif-sur-Yvette, France
SIMULATION OF EDDY CURRENT INSPECTION INCLUDING MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR SUCH AS A GIANT MAGNETO-RESISTANCE OVER PLANAR STRATIFIED MEDIA COMPONENTS WITH EMBEDDED FLAWS D. Préme, J.M. Decitre and G. Pichenot
More informationLaboratory Exercise 1: Pendulum Acceleration Measurement and Prediction Laboratory Handout AME 20213: Fundamentals of Measurements and Data Analysis
Laboratory Exercise 1: Penduum Acceeration Measurement and Prediction Laboratory Handout AME 20213: Fundamentas of Measurements and Data Anaysis Prepared by: Danie Van Ness Date exercises to be performed:
More informationFirst-Order Corrections to Gutzwiller s Trace Formula for Systems with Discrete Symmetries
c 26 Noninear Phenomena in Compex Systems First-Order Corrections to Gutzwier s Trace Formua for Systems with Discrete Symmetries Hoger Cartarius, Jörg Main, and Günter Wunner Institut für Theoretische
More informationAPPENDIX C FLEXING OF LENGTH BARS
Fexing of ength bars 83 APPENDIX C FLEXING OF LENGTH BARS C.1 FLEXING OF A LENGTH BAR DUE TO ITS OWN WEIGHT Any object ying in a horizonta pane wi sag under its own weight uness it is infinitey stiff or
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.co] 12 May 2013
EMBEDDING CYCLES IN FINITE PLANES FELIX LAZEBNIK, KEITH E. MELLINGER, AND SCAR VEGA arxiv:1305.2646v1 [math.c] 12 May 2013 Abstract. We define and study embeddings of cyces in finite affine and projective
More informationFaculty of Machine Building. Technical University of Cluj Napoca
Facuty of Machine Buiding Technica University of Cuj Napoca CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC ABSORBERS, WITH APPLICATIONS ON BALANCING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS PhD THESIS 11 Scientific
More informationIntroduction to LMTO method
1 Introduction to MTO method 24 February 2011; V172 P.Ravindran, FME-course on Ab initio Modeing of soar ce Materias 24 February 2011 Introduction to MTO method Ab initio Eectronic Structure Cacuations
More informationTwo Kinds of Parabolic Equation algorithms in the Computational Electromagnetics
Avaiabe onine at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 9 (0) 45 49 0 Internationa Workshop on Information and Eectronics Engineering (IWIEE) Two Kinds of Paraboic Equation agorithms in the Computationa
More informationAtomic Physics Problem B
NAME DATE CLASS Atomic Physics Probem B THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT PROBLEM SOLUTION Utravioet radiation, which is part of the soar spectrum, causes a photoeectric effect in certain materias. If the kinetic
More informationEffect of transport ratio on source term in determination of surface emission coefficient
Internationa Journa of heoretica & Appied Sciences, (): 74-78(9) ISSN : 975-78 Effect of transport ratio on source term in determination of surface emission coefficient Sanjeev Kumar and Apna Mishra epartment
More informationX-ray K-absorption spectral studies of cobalt (II) hydroxamic mixed ligand complexes
Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics Vol. 51, March 2013, pp. 185-190 X-ray K-absorption spectral studies of cobalt (II) hydroxamic mixed ligand complexes Neetu Parsai* 1, Ashutosh Mishra 2 & B D Shrivastav
More informationWorst Case Analysis of the Analog Circuits
Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS Internationa Conference on CIRCUITS, Agios Nikoaos, Crete Isand, Greece, Juy 3-5, 7 9 Worst Case Anaysis of the Anaog Circuits ELENA NICULESCU*, DORINA-MIOARA PURCARU* and
More informationBohr s atomic model. 1 Ze 2 = mv2. n 2 Z
Bohr s atomic mode Another interesting success of the so-caed od quantum theory is expaining atomic spectra of hydrogen and hydrogen-ike atoms. The eectromagnetic radiation emitted by free atoms is concentrated
More informationMeasurement of acceleration due to gravity (g) by a compound pendulum
Measurement of acceeration due to gravity (g) by a compound penduum Aim: (i) To determine the acceeration due to gravity (g) by means of a compound penduum. (ii) To determine radius of gyration about an
More informationSome Measures for Asymmetry of Distributions
Some Measures for Asymmetry of Distributions Georgi N. Boshnakov First version: 31 January 2006 Research Report No. 5, 2006, Probabiity and Statistics Group Schoo of Mathematics, The University of Manchester
More informationHomework 05 - H Atom and Electron Configuration
HW05 - H Atom and Eectron Configuration This is a preview of the pubished version of the quiz Started: Sep 25 at 6pm Quiz Instructions Homework 05 - H Atom and Eectron Configuration Question 1 Which of
More informationA Robust Voice Activity Detection based on Noise Eigenspace Projection
A Robust Voice Activity Detection based on Noise Eigenspace Projection Dongwen Ying 1, Yu Shi 2, Frank Soong 2, Jianwu Dang 1, and Xugang Lu 1 1 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technoogy, Nomi
More informationESCI 340 Physical Meteorology Radiation Lesson 5 Terrestrial Radiation and Radiation Balance Dr. DeCaria
ECI 30 Physica Meteoroogy Radiation Lesson 5 errestria Radiation and Radiation Baance Dr. DeCaria References: Atmospheric cience: An Introductory urvey, Waace and Hobbs An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation,
More informationThe Mechanical Properties Analysis of Machine Tool Spindle After Remanufacturing Based on Uncertain Constraints
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscience.ae 150 The Open Mechanica Engineering Journa, 2015, 9, 150-155 Open Access The Mechanica Properties Anaysis of Machine Too Spinde After Remanufacturing
More informationTRANSFORMATION OF REAL SPHERICAL HARMONICS UNDER ROTATIONS
Vo. 39 (008) ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B No 8 TRANSFORMATION OF REAL SPHERICAL HARMONICS UNDER ROTATIONS Zbigniew Romanowski Interdiscipinary Centre for Materias Modeing Pawińskiego 5a, 0-106 Warsaw, Poand
More informationA simple reliability block diagram method for safety integrity verification
Reiabiity Engineering and System Safety 92 (2007) 1267 1273 www.esevier.com/ocate/ress A simpe reiabiity bock diagram method for safety integrity verification Haitao Guo, Xianhui Yang epartment of Automation,
More informationSteepest Descent Adaptation of Min-Max Fuzzy If-Then Rules 1
Steepest Descent Adaptation of Min-Max Fuzzy If-Then Rues 1 R.J. Marks II, S. Oh, P. Arabshahi Λ, T.P. Caude, J.J. Choi, B.G. Song Λ Λ Dept. of Eectrica Engineering Boeing Computer Services University
More informationHomework 05 - H Atom and Electron Configuration
HW05 - H Atom and Eectron Configura!on! This is a preview of the pubished version of the quiz Started: Sep 18 at 12:47pm Quiz Instruc!ons Homework 05 - H Atom and Eectron Configuration Question 1 Which
More informationBasics of EXAFS Processing
Basics of EXAFS Processing Shelly Kelly 2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved. X-ray-Absorption Fine Structure Attenuation of x-rays It= I0e-µ(E) x Absorption coefficient µ(e) If/I0 2 File Number X-ray-Absorption
More information1.2 Partial Wave Analysis
February, 205 Lecture X.2 Partia Wave Anaysis We have described scattering in terms of an incoming pane wave, a momentum eigenet, and and outgoing spherica wave, aso with definite momentum. We now consider
More informationSTABILITY OF A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED DAMPED INVERTED PENDULUM 1. INTRODUCTION
Journa of Sound and Vibration (996) 98(5), 643 65 STABILITY OF A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED DAMPED INVERTED PENDULUM G. ERDOS AND T. SINGH Department of Mechanica and Aerospace Engineering, SUNY at Buffao,
More informationSupporting Information for Suppressing Klein tunneling in graphene using a one-dimensional array of localized scatterers
Supporting Information for Suppressing Kein tunneing in graphene using a one-dimensiona array of ocaized scatterers Jamie D Was, and Danie Hadad Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cora Gabes,
More information17 Lecture 17: Recombination and Dark Matter Production
PYS 652: Astrophysics 88 17 Lecture 17: Recombination and Dark Matter Production New ideas pass through three periods: It can t be done. It probaby can be done, but it s not worth doing. I knew it was
More informationREACTION BARRIER TRANSPARENCY FOR COLD FUSION WITH DEUTERIUM AND HYDROGEN
REACTION BARRIER TRANSPARENCY FOR COLD FUSION WITH DEUTERIUM AND HYDROGEN Yeong E. Kim, Jin-Hee Yoon Department of Physics, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 4797 Aexander L. Zubarev Racah Institute
More informationO9e Fringes of Equal Thickness
Fakutät für Physik und Geowissenschaften Physikaisches Grundpraktikum O9e Fringes of Equa Thickness Tasks 1 Determine the radius of a convex ens y measuring Newton s rings using ight of a given waveength.
More informationLecture 6: Moderately Large Deflection Theory of Beams
Structura Mechanics 2.8 Lecture 6 Semester Yr Lecture 6: Moderatey Large Defection Theory of Beams 6.1 Genera Formuation Compare to the cassica theory of beams with infinitesima deformation, the moderatey
More informationAutomobile Prices in Market Equilibrium. Berry, Pakes and Levinsohn
Automobie Prices in Market Equiibrium Berry, Pakes and Levinsohn Empirica Anaysis of demand and suppy in a differentiated products market: equiibrium in the U.S. automobie market. Oigopoistic Differentiated
More informationA Brief Introduction to Markov Chains and Hidden Markov Models
A Brief Introduction to Markov Chains and Hidden Markov Modes Aen B MacKenzie Notes for December 1, 3, &8, 2015 Discrete-Time Markov Chains You may reca that when we first introduced random processes,
More informationFORECASTING TELECOMMUNICATIONS DATA WITH AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE MODELS
FORECASTING TEECOMMUNICATIONS DATA WITH AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE MODES Niesh Subhash naawade a, Mrs. Meenakshi Pawar b a SVERI's Coege of Engineering, Pandharpur. nieshsubhash15@gmai.com
More informationMore Scattering: the Partial Wave Expansion
More Scattering: the Partia Wave Expansion Michae Fower /7/8 Pane Waves and Partia Waves We are considering the soution to Schrödinger s equation for scattering of an incoming pane wave in the z-direction
More informationTorsion and shear stresses due to shear centre eccentricity in SCIA Engineer Delft University of Technology. Marijn Drillenburg
Torsion and shear stresses due to shear centre eccentricity in SCIA Engineer Deft University of Technoogy Marijn Drienburg October 2017 Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Hand Cacuation....................................
More informationSection 6: Magnetostatics
agnetic fieds in matter Section 6: agnetostatics In the previous sections we assumed that the current density J is a known function of coordinates. In the presence of matter this is not aways true. The
More informationStatistical Learning Theory: A Primer
Internationa Journa of Computer Vision 38(), 9 3, 2000 c 2000 uwer Academic Pubishers. Manufactured in The Netherands. Statistica Learning Theory: A Primer THEODOROS EVGENIOU, MASSIMILIANO PONTIL AND TOMASO
More informationResearch on liquid sloshing performance in vane type tank under microgravity
IOP Conference Series: Materias Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Research on iquid soshing performance in vane type tan under microgravity Reated content - Numerica simuation of fuid fow in the
More informationProcess Capability Proposal. with Polynomial Profile
Contemporary Engineering Sciences, Vo. 11, 2018, no. 85, 4227-4236 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikari.com https://doi.org/10.12988/ces.2018.88467 Process Capabiity Proposa with Poynomia Profie Roberto José Herrera
More informationA Solution to the 4-bit Parity Problem with a Single Quaternary Neuron
Neura Information Processing - Letters and Reviews Vo. 5, No. 2, November 2004 LETTER A Soution to the 4-bit Parity Probem with a Singe Quaternary Neuron Tohru Nitta Nationa Institute of Advanced Industria
More informationOn some problems of synthesis of spatial five-bar hinged mechanisms with two degrees of freedom
Internationa Journa of Mechanica Engineering and Appications 014 (6): 104-110 Puished onine ecemer 18, 014 (http://www.sciencepuishinggroup.com/j/ijmea) doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.014006.14 ISSN: 330-03X (Print)
More informationTWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF A RISING BUBBLE AND FALLING DROPLET USING LEVEL SET METHOD
European Conference on Computationa Fuid Dynamics ECCOMAS CFD 2006 P. Wesseing, E. Oñate, J. Périaux (Eds) TU Deft, The Netherands, 2006 TWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF A RISING BUBBLE AND FALLING
More informationCopyright information to be inserted by the Publishers. Unsplitting BGK-type Schemes for the Shallow. Water Equations KUN XU
Copyright information to be inserted by the Pubishers Unspitting BGK-type Schemes for the Shaow Water Equations KUN XU Mathematics Department, Hong Kong University of Science and Technoogy, Cear Water
More informationis the scattering phase shift associated with the th continuum molecular orbital, and M
Moecuar-orbita decomposition of the ionization continuum for a diatomic moecue by ange- and energy-resoved photoeectron spectroscopy. I. Formaism Hongkun Park and Richard. Zare Department of Chemistry,
More informationAdjustment of automatic control systems of production facilities at coal processing plants using multivariant physico- mathematical models
IO Conference Series: Earth and Environmenta Science AER OEN ACCESS Adjustment of automatic contro systems of production faciities at coa processing pants using mutivariant physico- mathematica modes To
More informationX-ray K-absorption spectral studies of cobalt (II) hydroxamic mixed ligand complexes
Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics Vol. 51, December 2013, pp. 827-832 X-ray K-absorption spectral studies of cobalt (II) hydroxamic mixed ligand complexes Neetu Parsai 1 *, Ashutosh Mishra 2 & B
More informationEstimating the Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background
Estimating the Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background J. R. Bond 1,A.H.Jaffe 2,andL.Knox 1 1 Canadian Institute for Theoretica Astrophysics, Toronto, O M5S 3H8, CAADA 2 Center for Partice Astrophysics,
More informationPart 1: What is XAFS? What does it tell us? The EXAFS equation. Part 2: Basic steps in the analysis Quick overview of typical analysis
Introduction to XAFS Part 1: What is XAFS? What does it tell us? The EXAFS equation Part 2: Basic steps in the analysis Quick overview of typical analysis Tomorrow Measurement methods and examples The
More informationResearch Article Solution of Point Reactor Neutron Kinetics Equations with Temperature Feedback by Singularly Perturbed Method
Science and Technoogy of Nucear Instaations Voume 213, Artice ID 261327, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/1.1155/213/261327 Research Artice Soution of Point Reactor Neutron Kinetics Equations with Temperature
More informationKeywords: Rayleigh scattering, Mie scattering, Aerosols, Lidar, Lidar equation
CEReS Atmospheric Report, Vo., pp.9- (007 Moecuar and aeroso scattering process in reation to idar observations Hiroaki Kue Center for Environmenta Remote Sensing Chiba University -33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku,
More informationJost Function for Singular Potentials
Jost Function for Singuar Potentias S. A. Sofianos, S. A. Rakityansky, and S. E. Massen Physics Department, University of South Africa, P.O.Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa (January 2, 999) An exact
More information